【名師指津】高考英語 寫作基礎(chǔ)技能步步高1 句子成分I 主語謂語賓語課件

寫作技能突破句子成分I:主語/謂語/賓語寫作離不開句子,要寫好英語的句子,首先要了解英語的句子由哪些成分構(gòu)成,能充當(dāng)這些成分的是各是什么詞。句子的組成部分分為：主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語,其中主語與謂語是主要成分,一般不可缺少。本單元復(fù)習(xí)主語、謂語和賓語。一、主語主話表示句子所說的是什么人或什么事。練習(xí):請(qǐng)找出下列句子的主語。TheboycomesfromAmerica.(___________________)2.Heusuallywenttoschoolalone.(___________________)He代詞作主語。Theboy名詞作主語。3.StudyingEnglishisveryimportant.

(_______________________________)4.Toteachhimalessonseemsquitenecessary.(_______________________________)Toteachhimalesson不定式短語作主語StudyingEnglish動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。5.Thathewontheprizeexcitedeveryone.(____________________________)6.Itisimportantforustohaveourdreams.(____________________________)it形式主語tohaveourdreams不定式短語作真正的主語。Thathewontheprize主語從句作主語。7.Itisobviousthathewaswrong.(_________________________________)8.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(_________________________________)it形式主語,cryingoverspiltmilk動(dòng)名詞短語作真正的主語。it形式主語,thathewaswrong主語從句作真正的主語。

主語一般由名詞、_________________,或者相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語或從句充當(dāng)(包括______、______還有________)。另外,當(dāng)句子的主語為__________、__________或_________時(shí),主語部分太長,為使句子平衡,避免頭重腳輕,常用it作形式主語。歸納：主語從句主格代詞(I、she等)不定式動(dòng)名詞主語從句動(dòng)名詞短語不定式短語二、謂語謂語說明主語的動(dòng)作(即主語做了什么事)、狀態(tài)或特征。謂語由動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞充當(dāng),或者由“系動(dòng)詞+表語”構(gòu)成。除了倒裝等特殊情況外,謂語總是位于主語的后面,即“主語>謂語”。動(dòng)詞分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單獨(dú)作謂語,連系動(dòng)詞與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成合成謂語,助動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式(如：原形、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)共同構(gòu)成謂語部分。

注意：謂語與主語在人稱與數(shù)方面要保持一致。練習(xí)習(xí)：：請(qǐng)請(qǐng)找找出出下下列列句句子子的的謂謂語語并并指指出出謂謂語語的的構(gòu)構(gòu)成成：：實(shí)實(shí)義義動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞、、連連系系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞+表表語語、、情情態(tài)態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞的的原原形形還還是是助助動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞的的適適當(dāng)當(dāng)形形式式?1.Hisparentsareteachers.(_______________________)2.Thesunrisesintheeast.(_______________________)rises實(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)動(dòng)詞。。areteachers系系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞+表語語。3.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.(______________________________)4.Yououghttoworkharder.(______________________________)oughttowork情情態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞詞原形形。havefinished助助動(dòng)詞詞+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞的的過去去分詞詞。5.Ifeltcold.(___________________________)6.Hedoesn’tlikemusic.(___________________________)doesn’tlike助助動(dòng)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞詞原形形。feltcold連連系動(dòng)動(dòng)詞+表語語。三、賓賓語賓語是是動(dòng)詞詞的動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)對(duì)象。。一般般由名詞、、賓格格代詞詞(me,her等),或者相相當(dāng)于于名詞詞的詞詞、短短語或或從句句充當(dāng)當(dāng)(包括括不定式式、動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞詞還有賓語從從句)。賓賓語可可分為為直接賓賓語和間接賓賓語,間間接賓賓語說說明動(dòng)動(dòng)作是是對(duì)誰誰或?yàn)闉檎l而而做,直直接賓賓語則則是動(dòng)動(dòng)作的的承受受者或或結(jié)果果。一一般情情況下下,賓賓語語都在在動(dòng)詞詞后面面,順順序序是:主語→→謂謂語語→→賓賓語。。練習(xí)：：請(qǐng)找出出下列列句子子的賓賓語。1.Hehasnevermetherinperson.(____________________________)2.Shehandedhimabook.(________________________________)3.Helikestoplaybasketball.(________________________________)toplaybasketball不不定定式短短語作作賓語語。her賓賓格代代詞作作賓語語。him賓格格代詞詞作間間接賓賓語,abook名名詞詞作直接賓賓語。。4.Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.(________________________________)5.Shesaidthatshefeltsick.(_________________________________)thatshefeltsick賓賓語語從句句作賓賓語。。listeningtothemusic動(dòng)動(dòng)名名詞短短語作作賓語語。6.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.(________________________________)7.Ifinditimpossibletobelieveheranylonger.(_________________________________)it形形式賓賓語,不不定式式短語語tobelieveheranylonger作作真真正的的賓語語。theinjured名名詞化的的形容詞詞作賓語語。8.Weconsideritnogoodgettinguplate.(________________________________)9.Theybelieveditstrangethatheshouldhavedonethat.(________________________________)it形式式賓語,賓語語從句thathe