常州市2023屆高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)(包含答案詳解和練后鞏固)

常州市2023屆高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng):1.本試卷共8頁(yè),共五部分,滿(mǎn)分120分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前,考生務(wù)必將學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名寫(xiě)在密封線(xiàn)內(nèi)。第一部分:聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。()1.Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Sheplanstowritealetterherself.B.Shecanttypetheletternow.C.Shehastoturndownthemansrequest.()2.WheredidthewomanstaywhileshewasinBrighton?A.Shestayedinherfriendshouse.B.Shecampedoutside.C.Shelivednearaschoolcampus.()3.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Somestudentsatthebackcantheartheprofessor.B.Theprofessorhaschangedhisreadingassignment.C.Someofthestudentsarenotontheprofessorsclasslist.()4.WhenwillthetraintoLondonleave?A.At11:35.B.At11:45.C.At12:00.()5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesntlikesalad.B.Shewilldoanythingtohelp.C.Sheprefersmakingsomethingelse.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至7題。()6.Howdoesthemanusuallydohomeshopping?A.ByTV.B.ByInternet.C.Bymailorder.()7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofwhatheboughtlastyear?A.Itisunfit.B.Itisexpensive.C.Itisunnecessary.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至9題。()8.Whydidthemanfailinanexam?A.Becausehedidntworkhardforit.B.Becausethequestionsweretoodifficult.C.Becausehedidntpreparecarefullyforit.()9.Whatwillthewomandoifshefailsinanexaminhercountry?A.Taketheexamagain.B.Paysomemoneyforit.C.Takethewholecourseagain.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。()10.Whowonthechessmatch?A.Carl.B.David.C.John.()11.HowmanyplayersdidJohndefeatduringthechessmatch?A.3.B.12.C.15.()12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversion?A.Carlcameoutthefifth.B.Davidplayedtheworst.C.CarlandDavidandusuallycompetitive.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。()13.Whatisthewomanspurpose?A.Shewantsthemantoreviewthelessonsbeforefinals.B.Shewantsthemantogocanoeing(劃獨(dú)木舟)withtheirclassmates.C.Shewantstoborrowthemanscampingequipment.()14.Whatisoneoftheattractionsthewomantellsthemanaboutcanoeing?A.Thisistheirlastbreakbeforethefinalexams.B.Ifitgetstoohottheycanswim.C.Manystudentswillgo,sohecanknowmorepeople.()15.Whatdoesthemanhavetobring?A.Drinks.B.Food.C.Abathingsuit.()16.Whatwillthewomanconfirmwiththemansoon?A.Theexacttimewhentheyllsetout.B.Whatheneedstobring.C.Whetherhehasdecidedtogoornot.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。()17.HowdoesMrStevensonmakealiving?A.Herunsastoresellingappliances(家用器具).B.Heisasalesmanager.C.Heisamasterofceremonies.()18.Whydomanycoupleswalkawayaftertheirinquiry?A.Becausetheyfailtofindtheirfavoritemodels.B.Becausetheyfeeldisappointedatthepoorservices.C.Becausetheyjustcometoseethepricesofthegoods.()19.WhatdidMrStevensonassuretheyoungcouple?A.Hewillbewiththemwhenevertheyneedadvice.B.Hewillberesponsibleforthequalityofwhathesells.C.Hewillofferthemafreeweddingceremony.()20.Whatmadetheyoungcoupledecidetoplaceanorder?A.Stevensonsself-confidence.B.Stevensonstruthfulness.C.Stevensonsgenerosity.第二部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分35分)第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。()21.—Doyouknowyouwillbefined12pointsifyourunaredlight?—?Ihavealwaysbeenacautiousdriver.Badnewstoyouinfact!

A.NokiddingB.HowcomeC.SowhatD.Nowonder()22.thecampusshootingthatkilled20firstgradersastheworstdayofhispresidency,PresidentBarackObamawantsgunviolencemeasuresin2023.

A.Recalling;passingB.Torecall;passingC.Recalled;passedD.Recalling;passed()23.—YouhaveneverbelievedSeptember21,2023istheendoftheworld,haveyou?—.ButhowIwishitweretrue!

A.Yes,IhaveB.Yes,IhaventC.No,itisntD.No,Ihavent()24.Dependableinformationhasruledoutthepossibilityshewastakenawaybythesecretpolice.

A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.if()25.GuangdongProvince,togetherwithBeijingandShanghai,publishedplanstograduallyallowmigrantworkerschildrentoenterseniorhighschoolsandcollegeentranceexamslocally.

A.has;sitB.have;seatC.has;seatD.have;sit()26.—AreyoudrivinghomeforSpringFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Youknowthegovernmenttocontinueatoll-freepolicyforpassengercars.

A.haspromisedB.waspromisedC.hadpromisedD.ispromised()27.AllacrossIndia,peoplearealldebatingonthecountryhasaproblemofviolenceagainstwomenandtodowithit.

A.how;howB.why;whatC.whether;howD.why;whether()28.Thepolicehavereachedsomeconclusionsaboutthepossiblecauseoftheaccident.Theexactcauseisstillunderinvestigation.

A.authenticB.preciseC.confidentialD.tentative()29.IfTracyMcGradytheone-yearcontracttoplayinChinaforQingdao,hewouldnthavelostsomanymatches.

A.didntsignB.wouldntsignC.hadntsignedD.haventsigned()30.—Hi,Dylan,haveyoumadeupyourmindyet?—Well,,IthinkImgoingtohavemyhairshaved.

A.nowandthenB.moreorlessC.backandforthD.soonerorlater()31.Adilemmaisaproblemofferingtwopossibilities,ispracticallyacceptable.

A.neitherofwhichB.bothofwhichC.eitherofthemD.bothofthem()32.—Ihavelookedformykeyseverywhere,butIcantfindthem.—Sorrytohearthat.Youthemsomewhere.

A.mustloseB.shouldloseC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost()33.OnAIDSDay,theministerofHealthDepartmentdemandedthattheproblemspaidspecialattentionto.

A.referredtobeingB.referredtobeC.refertobeingD.refertobe()34.Thefathercouldntfigureoutmadehissonspendsomuchtimeinpreparingforthismatch.

A.whatitwasthatB.thatitwaswhatC.itwaswhatthatD.whatwasitthat()35.—Iknowmyparentslovemeverymuch,butwhatdidmybrothersayjustnow?—Hewasgreenwithenvyandsaidyouwere.

A.yourparentsfeetofclayB.thesaltoftheearthtohimC.theappleofyourparentseyesD.thefattedcalfthatyourparentswouldkill第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分20分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Socializationisthewayinwhichchildrenandadultslearnfromothers.Webeginlearningfromothersduringtheearlydaysoflife;andmostpeoplecontinuetheirsociallearningallthroughlife36somementalorphysicaldisabilityslowsorstopsthelearning37.Sometimesthelearningis38,aswhenwelearnanewsport,artormusicaltechniquefromafriend.Atothertimes,sociallearningis39,aswhenwelearnnottodrivetoofastbyreceivingalargefinefor40.

Positivesocializationisthetypeofsociallearningthatisbasedonpleasurableand41experiences.Wetendtolikethepeoplewhofilloursocializationwith42,lovingcare,andrewardingopportunities.Negativesocialization43whenothersusepunishment,harshcriticismsorangertotryto“44usalesson”;andoftenwecometodislikebothnegativesocializationandthepeoplewho45itonus.Therearealltypesofmixesofpositiveandnegativesocialization;andthemorepositivesociallearningexperienceswehave,thehappierwetendtobe—especiallyifwelearnusefulinformationthathelpsusdealwiththe46oflife.

Our47socializationhelpsexplainamajorityofwhoweareatpresent—whatwethinkandfeel,whereweplantogoinlife.Butwearenot48bythethingsgiventousbythoselearningexperiences;wecantakeallour49daysandguideourfuturesociallearningindirectionsthatwe50.Themorethatweknowaboutthesocializationprocedure,themoreeffectivewecanbein51ourfuturelearninginthewaysthatwillhelpusmost.

Becausewewerenotableto52ourparents,wewerenotableto53muchofthefirst10or20yearsofoursocialization.However,mostpeoplelearnto54theirownsocializationastheygainexperienceinlife.Ittakesspecialskillstosteer(掌舵)ourownsocialization,andmanyofus55someofthoseskillsnaturallyaswegothroughlifebutothersmayneedtotakesomecoursesforthoseskills.

()36.A.ifB.sinceC.unlessD.while()37.A.processB.methodsC.progressD.period()38.A.tiresomeB.funC.burdenD.effortless()39.A.worthwhileB.boringC.valuableD.painful()40.A.speedingB.drunk-drivingC.casual-parkingD.overload()41.A.practicalB.excitingC.personalD.beneficial()42.A.motivationB.conversationC.informationD.conclusion()43.A.occursB.failsC.suffersD.enters()44.A.tellB.prepareC.drawD.teach()45.A.cheatB.testC.forceD.request()46.A.opportunitiesB.conditionsC.challengesD.pleasures()47.A.previousB.currentC.positiveD.negative()48.A.surprisedB.limitedC.shapedD.affected()49.A.happyB.healthyC.remainingD.past()50.A.doubtB.loseC.abandonD.value()51.A.directingB.describingC.damagingD.discovering()52.A.socializeB.selectC.supportD.blame()53.A.enjoyB.resistC.repeatD.control()54.A.influenceB.quitC.continueD.break()55.A.putupB.pickupC.makeupD.turnup第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分30分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEastCoast—USABestwayTravelU-S-A,U-S-A!Just＄899for8action-packeddaystouringtheEastCoast.Includes7nightsof4&5staraccommodation,tours,transport&more.Valuedat＄2,388—incredible＄1,489saving!DealHighlights●TourNYC,Philadelphia,WashingtonD.C.,Boston,NewJersey&NiagaraFalls.●Includestransfers,accommodation&mostadmissionfees.●Day1:Meetyourtourguideandbetransferredtoyourhotel.●Day2:NewYork-Philadelphia.VisitChinatown,WallSt,GroundZero,EmpireStateBuilding,RockefellerCenter,FifthAve,TimesSquareandmore.●Day3:Philadelphia-WashingtonD.C.includingIndependenceHall,LibertyBell,LincolnMemorial,NationalMuseumofNaturalHistory,WhiteHouseandmore.●Day4:WashingtonD.C.-HersheysChocolateWorld-CorningMuseumofGlass-NiagraFalls.●Day5:MaidoftheMist(seasonal)andIMAXTheatre.TraveltoBostonandenjoyalobsterdinner(optional).●Day6:Boston-NewYorkCityincludingBostoncityandLowerManhattantours.●Day7:WestPointMilitaryAcademy,WoodburyCommonPremiumOutletsandBroadwayperformance.●Day8:UpperManhattantourincludingHarlem,CentralParkandMuseumMile.Includesairporttransfersforyourreturnflight.TermsofThisDeal●Bookingsessentialandsubjecttoavailability.●Validfordeparturedatesin2023:March23,April10,20,27,May4,11,25,29,June12,22,July7,10,August14,24,September4,October16.●Mustbookbefore15February,2023.●Airportpickupprovidedforflightsthatarrive9a.m.to10p.m.only.Outsidethosehoursasurchargeof＄35ppapplies,payabledirecttoBestwayTravel.●Airporttransfersprovidedforoutgoingflightsbookedafter7p.m.ontourenddate.●AlltouradmissionfeespayabledirecttoBestwayTravelpulsorytippingof＄6/daypayabledirecttotourguide.●Dealexcludesdailyoptionalactivities,meals,tippingfees,andtravelinsurance.●Limitoftwopeopleperroom.Singlesupplementavailableat＄720payabledirecttoBestwayTravel.●Nobookingchanges/cancellationspermitted.●Flightsnotincluded.Notvalidinconjunctionwithanyotheroffer.Nopartialredemptionorrefunds.()56.WhichofthefollowingisRIGHTaccordingtotheDealHighlights?A.CustomerswillstayinAmericafor8nightsforthisdeal.B.PassengerswilldepartfromAmericaatNewYorkAirport.C.CustomerswillbetreatedwithafreelobsterdinnerinBoston.D.TravellerswillvisiteightcitiesintheUSAforthisdeal.()57.Wecanlearnfromthetermsofthisdealthat.

A.the＄899feedoesnotincludeairticketstoandbackfromtheUnitedStatesB.thedealisvalidthroughoutthewhole2023onceonebooksbeforeFebruary15,2023C.passengerswillbetransferredaroundtheclockfromandtotheairport(s)freeofchargeD.allthepassengersmusttiptheguide6dollarseverytimeforeachofhisorherservice()58.SupposeAandFarebothinNewYork,andtheitineraryroute(旅行路線(xiàn))isfromAtoBtoCtoDtoEandtoFintherightpicture,thenwhichplacemustCandEstandfor?A.C:WashingtonD.C.;E:Boston.B.C:Philadelphia;E:NiagaraFalls.C.C:NiagaraFalls;E:Boston.D.C:Boston;E:WashingtonD.C.BAreextravertsreallybetterleaders?Cananintrovertbeagoodleader?Researchhasshownaconsistentpositiverelationshipbetweenextraversionandleadership.Ingroupsofstrangers,suchasajury(評(píng)審團(tuán)),extraversionpredictswhowillbeselectedforepersonofthejury.Itsactuallylikelytobethepersonwhotalksthemost,andthatpersonisprobablyanextravert.So,extravertsaremorelikelytobechosenforleadershippositions(whatwecallleader“emergence”).Thereisalsoapositiverelationship(althoughaweakerone)betweenextraversionandleadereffectiveness,particularlyevaluatedeffectivenessofleaders.Soitappearsthatextravertshaveanedge,butdoesthismeanthatintrovertscantbegoodleaders?Ofcoursenot!

Manysuccessfulleadersareintroverted,forexampleAbrahamLincoln,Gandhi,andinbusiness,BillGatesandWarrenBuffett.OneofthebestcompanypresidentsthatIveknownwaseasilythemostintrovertedpersonamonghisexecutiveteam,buthewasverysuccessfulandhiscolleaguesadmiredhis“quietreserveandconfidence”.Sowhatisthecriticalfactorthatbothextravertsandintrovertsneedtoemergeasaleaderandtobeeffective?Ourresearchhassuggestedthatthekeyelementisgoodinterpersonal,orsocial,skills.Inonestudy,welookedattherelationshipofextraversiontoleadershipemergenceandeffectivenessandfoundthattheadvantagethatextravertshaddisappearedwhenweputsocialskillsintotheequation(方程式).Inotherwords,onlyextravertswhopossessedsocialskillswereeffectiveleaders.Goodinterpersonalskillsarecriticalwhethertheleaderisanextravertoranintrovert.Inaddition,weknowthatwearemorelikelytochooseleaderswholookliketheirprototypesofleaders—theyspeakwell,interactwellwithothers,andjustlook“l(fā)eader-like”.Extravertsjustnaturallylookmorelikeaprototypical(典型的)leader,particularlypoliticalleaders,thanintrovertsdo.ThinkoftheUSpresidentialcampaignwherepresidentialhopefulswereevaluatedforhowmucheachlookedlikeheorshecouldbetheCommander-in-Chief.Thekeytoleadershipsuccessthenistodevelopthepeopleskillsneededtolooklikealeader,buttoalsodevelopthegoodleader-followerrelationshipsthatarenecessaryforsuccess.Ifyoupossesstheseskills,introversionandextraversiondontmatterverymuch.()59.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“haveanedge”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Lackeffectiveness.B.Haveanadvantage.C.Arelessconfident.D.Aremoreaggressive.()60.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thereisapositiverelationshipbetweenintroversionandleadership.B.Themoreintrovertedleadersinateamare,themoreadmiredtheywillbe.C.Goodinterpersonalskillsplayakeyroleinmakingpeopleeffectiveleaders.D.Politicalleadersaremorelikelytobeextrovertsthanintroverts.()61.WhydoestheauthormentiontheUSpresidentialelectioncampaign?A.Toindicatetheimportanceofdevelopingpeopleskills.B.Toshowtheadvantagesofbeingintrovertedpeople.C.Totellreadershowtobecomeaprototypicalleader.D.Tosuggesttheuniquenessofbeingpoliticalleaders.()62.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto.

AparethedifferencesofintroversionandextroversionB.encourageitsreaderstobemoreintrovertedC.arguethatintrovertscanalsobegoodleadersD.informreadershowtobecomeagoodleaderCItwasasunnyholidayMonday.OlivierFerrantewascookingsausagesonthebarbecueandentertainingfriendsinhisgardennorthofPariswhenthephonerang.ThecallcamefromtheBEA,Francesairaccidentsinvestigationbureau(調(diào)查局),wherethe38-year-oldformerfootballplayeranddriverwasaninvestigator.Thenewswasgrim.“AnAirbusismissingovertheAtlantic:Weneedyou.”Asasafetyinvestigator,Ferranteandhisteamshadparticipated,directlyandindirectly,intherecoveryofcrashedplanesfromtheRedSea,theBlackSea,andeveryocean.Butthisinvestigationwouldbehistoughestever:Theplanehaddisappearedwithoutawitness,oratraceonradar(雷達(dá)).Atleasteightshipsandadozenmilitaryaircraftgatheredontheplaneslastknownposition,abouthalfwaybetweenBrazilandWesternAfrica.Aftersixdaystheaircraftstailfin(尾翼)and50bodieswerespottedonthesurfaceandthefirstburningquestionswereanswered.Theplanewreckage(殘骸)andpassengerinjuriesindicatedthedoomedAirbuswasunbrokenwhenithitthewater.Itwasnotexplodedapartbyabomborlightning,nowbrokenupbyviolentweather.Strangely,noMayday(求救)messagehadbeensentbyitspilots.Ferranteworkedenergeticallywithhisteam:collectingoffersofhelpfromaroundtheworld,consultingnavyministriesandresearchorganizationsinFranceandelsewhere,andcontractingsuitableshipsandhigh-techequipment.Hewouldnotreturnhomeforanother29days.HisteamusedtheAutonomousUnderwaterVehicle(AUV)operatedaroundtheclock,searchingabout400squarekilometersaday.Buttheraceagainsttimewaslostandnosignalswereheardandnomorewreckagewasfound.Dayafterday,thescreenremainedbareexceptforobjectsthatturnedouttobestonesorgarbagefromships.Stressedbymediaattentionandpainfulmeetingswithvictimsrelatives,Ferrantewentjoggingonedaytoclearhishead.Thenhehadanidea.Hedecidedtolookatwhathadhappenedtonineotherplanesthatcrashedaftersomethingabruptlywentwrongwhileflyingathighaltitude.Hefoundthatnonehadtravelledmorethan30kmbeforehittingthesea;mostcoveredlessthanhalfthatdistance.AUVoperationscontinuedbutnowtheyfocusedona30kmcirclearoundtheplaneslastknownposition.Ontheninthdayofthenew-strategysearching,aftersearchingfor22months,theirhardworkpaidofffinally.Thefirstthingtheysawwasawomanshandbag.Next,theysawbitsoftwistedaircraftpartsandapanel(平板)with“AF”paintedonit.Withoutadoubt,thiswasthemissingAribus,lying11kmnortheastofitslastknownposition,butnobodyfeltmuchlikecheeringthediscovery.“Thescreenalsoexposedwell-preservedhumanbodies,andforsomeofustheywerehardtolookat,”saysFerrante.()63.Whathappenedtotheplane?A.Itexploded11kmnortheastofitslastknownposition.B.ItwasseencrashedovertheAtlanticOcean.C.Somethingwaswrongwithitstailfinsothatitwentmissing.D.Itwasflyingathighaltitudebeforegoingmissing.()64.WhatmadeittakesolongatimetofindthemissingAirbus?A.Theinvestigatorswerenotworkinghardasitwasholidaytime.B.NoMaydaymessagewassentbyitspilotsbeforecrashing.C.Notenoughinvestigatingforcewasputintothesearchingwork.D.Thestrategyusedinthefirststageofthesearchwasnoteffective.()65.WhichofthefollowingaboutOlivierFerrantecanNOTbeevidencedinthestory?A.Devoted.B.Intelligent.C.Experienced.D.Considerate.()66.Basedonthepassage,whichofthefollowingismostprobablyTRUE?A.Allofthepeopleontheplanedidnotsurvivethisaircrash.B.ThecrashedAirbusplanebelongedtoAirFrance.C.Nomediawerewatchingthesearchaftermanyfailures.D.Thebodiesofvictimswerehardtorecognize.DBeautifulpeopleareindeedhappier,anewstudysays,butnotalwaysforthesamereasons.Forhandsomemen,theextrakicksaremorelikelytocomefromeconomicbenefits,likeincreasedwages,whilewomenaremorelikelytofindjoyjustlookinginthemirror.“Womenfeelthatbeautyisnaturallyimportant,”saysDanielHamermesh,aUniversityofTexasatAustinlaboreconomistandthestudysleadauthor.“Theyjustfeelbadiftheyreugly.”Hamermeshistheacknowledgedfatherofpulchronomics,ortheeconomicstudyofbeauty.Itcanbeadangerousjob.HeoncemadeangryanaudienceofyoungMormon(魔門(mén)教)women,manyofwhomwishedtostayhomewithfuturechildren,byexplainingthathomemakerstendtobelessattractivethantheirworkinggirlpeers(同伴).“Sincebeautifulwomentendtobepaidmore,theyhavemoremotivationtostayintheworkforce,”hesays.Thepursuitofgoodlooksdrivesseveralhugeindustries—in2023,Americansspent＄845milliononface-liftsalone—butfeweconomistsfocusedonbeautysfinancialpoweruntilthemid-1990s,whenHamermeshandhiscolleague,JeffBiddleofMichiganStateUniversity,becamethefirstscholarstotracktheeffectofappearanceonearningspotentialforalargesample(樣本)ofadults.“Likemanyotherdesirablecommodities(商品),beautyisrare,”Hamermeshsays,“andthatrarenesscommandsaprice.”Ahandsomemanisestimatedtomake13percentmoreduringhiscareerthana“l(fā)ooks-challenged”peer,accordingtocalculationsinHamermeshsrecentbook,BeautyPays.Interestingly,thenetbenefitisslightlylessforprettywomen,whomaymakeupthedifferencebytradingontheirlookstomarrymenwithhigherearningpotential.Andsomestudieshaveshownthatattractivepeoplearemorelikelytobehiredinarecession(經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退).Hamermesharguesthat“theresnotmuchwecandotoimproveourpulchritude(美麗)”.Thereareevenstudiessuggestingthatforeverydollarspentoncosmetic(化妝品)products,only4centsreturnsassalary—makinglipstickatrulyawfulinvestment..One2006studyshowedthatthelessbeautifulmayactuallyprofitfromtheirlackoflooks.Peopletendtoexpectlessfromtheunattractive,sowhentheygobeyondthoselowexpectationstheyarerewarded.Andthebeautifulonesareoftenprimarilyheldtoahigherstandard—“thenhitwitha‘beautypenalty’iftheyfailtodeliver.”Hamermeshsays.

()67.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowMuchDoesBeingAttractiveCost?B.HowMuchIsBeingAttractiveWorth?C.HowCanWeMakeUseofOurBeauty?D.HowHappyDoAttractivePeopleFeel?()68.WhichofthefollowingisRIGHTaccordingtothepassage?A.Handsomemenarehappierbecausetheycanmakeprofitsfromtheirpulchritude.B.Housewivesareusuallylessbeautifulandthuslessmotivatedthantheirworkingpeers.C.Beautysfinancialpowerhaslongbeennoticedhistoricallyasamostdesirablecommodity.D.Beautifulwomenusuallymakemoreastheycantradetheirlookstowealthyandhandsomemen.()69.Whatisthetopicsentenceofthelastparagraph?A.Butinbornbeautyisntalwaysprofitable.B.Butpeoplealwaysdesiretobemorebeautiful.C.Butinbornbeautiesdontneedtoimprovethemselves.D.Butbeingmoreattractivedeservesgreatefforts.()70.WhichoneofthefollowingwordsofHamermeshscanbestexplainthefactthatattractivepeoplearemorelikelytobehiredinarecession?A.“Womenfeelthatbeautyisnaturallyimportant.”B.“Beautyisrare,andthatrarenesscommandsaprice.”C.“Theresnotmuchwecandotoimproveourpulchritude.”D.“...,thenhitwitha‘beautypenalty’iftheyfailtodeliver.”第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分10分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。Humancapital(資金)flight,morecommonlyreferredtoas“braindrain”,isthelarge-scaleemigration(移民)ofalargegroupofindividualswithtechnicalskillsorknowledge.Althoughthetermoriginallyreferredtotechnologyworkersleavinganation,themeaninghasbroadenedintothedepartureofeducatedandprofessionalpeoplefromoncecountry,economicsector,orfieldforanother,usuallyforbetterpayorlivingconditions.Braindrainisusuallyregardedasaneconomiccost,sinceemigrantsusuallytakewiththemthepartofvalueoftheirtrainingsponsoredbythegovernmentorotherorganizations.Thecontraryphenomenonis“braingain”,whichoccurswhenthereisalarge-scaleimmigrationoftechnicallyqualifiedpersons.ThetermitselfwascoinedbytheRoyalSociety(英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì))todescribetheemigrationof“scientistsandtechnologists”toNorthAmericafrompost-warEurope.AnothersourceindicatesthatthistermwasfirstusedintheUnitedKingdomtodescribetheinflux(流入)ofIndianscientistandengineers.Thereasonsusuallyincludetwoaspectswhichrespectively(分別地)comefromcountriesandindividuals.Intermsofcountries,thereasonsmaybesocialenvironmentsuchaslackofopportunities,politicalinstability,economicdepression,healthrisks,etc.insourcecountriesandrichchances,politicalstabilityandfreedom,developedeconomy,betterlivingconditions,etc.inhostcountries.Intermsofindividualreasons,thereisfamilyinfluence(overseasrelatives),andpersonalpreference:preferenceforexploring,ambitionforanimprovedcareer,etc.Braindrainiscommonamongstdevelopingnations,wheremarketableskillswerenotfinanciallyrewarded.WithrapidGDPgrowthandahigherdegreeofopennesstowardstherestoftheworld,Chinahasalsobeenfacingbraindrain.TherehasbeenupsurgeinChineseemigrationtoWesterncountries—particularlytheUnitedStates,CanadaandAustralia—sincethemid-firstdecadeofthe21stcentury.Chinabecamethebiggestworldwidecontributorofemigrantsin2007.AccordingtotheofficialChinesemedia,65,000Chinesesecuredimmigrationorpermanentresidentstatus(地位)intheUnitedStates,25,000inCanadaand15,000inAustralia.Thelargestgroupofemigrantsconsistsofprofessionalsandexpertswithamiddle-classbackground,whoarethebackbone(骨干)forthedevelopmentofChina.However,inrecentyears,ChinasrapiddevelopmentandtheincreasingnumberofinternationalcompaniesregisteringtodobusinessinChinahaveledmanyChineselivingabroadtoswaptheirlivesthereforanewlifebackinChina.Accordingtothegovernmentstatistics,morethan130thousandpeoplecamebackin2023,andmoreinthefollowingyears.Betterjobs,specialgovernmentpoliciesandmorechancestomakeuseoftheexperienceandskillsgainedabroadhavemadethefuturelookbrightindeedfortheoverseasChinesecominghome.BrainDrain:ASpecialPhenomenonAcrosstheWorldPassageoutlineSupportingdetails(71)

Originallyreferringtolarge-scaleemigrationof(72)andknowledgeableindividualsforbetterpayorlivingconditions.

Broadenedintothedepartureofprofessionalpeoplewhoreceivedgood(73)fromonecountry,economicsector,orfieldforanother.

Regardedasaneconomiccost.(74)

oftheterm

FirstusedintheUK,one(75)theemigrationof“scientistsandtechnologists”toNorthAmericafrompost-war(76)countries;anothertheinfluxofIndianscientistandengineers.

Reasons

Fromcountries:socialenvironmentinthecountrieswhich(77)from“braindrain”.

Fromindividuals:familyinfluenceandpersonalpreference.BraindraininChina

TherehasbeenanincreaseinChineseemigrationtoWesterncountriessince2005.

China(78)themosttobraindrainworldwidein2007,with65,000totheUnitedStates,25,000toCanadaand15,000toAustralia,(79)ofwhomwereprofessionalsandexpertswithamiddle-classbackground.

However,recentlymoreandmoreChineseoverseasare(80)homethankstothebetterjobs,specialgovernmentpoliciesandmorechancestomakeuseoftheexperienceandskillsgainedabroadintheirhomecountry.

第五部分:書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿(mǎn)分25分)目前,許多學(xué)校高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)狀是學(xué)生在教師的指引下大量做高考模擬練習(xí)題。假設(shè)你班就這一做法展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)討論。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表所提示的信息,用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道給?？?呈現(xiàn)正反雙方觀點(diǎn)并表達(dá)自己的看法。贊成者觀點(diǎn)1.具有針對(duì)性,有利于學(xué)生取得高分。2.做練習(xí)題也是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)。反對(duì)者觀點(diǎn)1.做試卷不是學(xué)習(xí)如何運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言,而是學(xué)習(xí)如何考試。2.教師應(yīng)當(dāng)授人以漁,而不僅僅授人以魚(yú)。你的觀點(diǎn)及理由1.請(qǐng)根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際感受答題。2.無(wú)論贊成、反對(duì)或是折中,請(qǐng)至少呈現(xiàn)兩點(diǎn)與所給要點(diǎn)不同的理由支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.對(duì)所給要點(diǎn)都要涉及,可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,不要簡(jiǎn)單翻譯。2.詞數(shù)150左右。開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)寫(xiě)好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。3.文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。參考詞匯:高考NMET;針對(duì)性pertinenceSinceweenteredGradeThree,insteadoflearningfromtextbooksandotherlanguagesources,studentsinmyclasshavebeenguidedbytheteachertopractisealargeamountoftestpapersoverandoveragain.Opinionsaredividedinourclass.常州市2023屆高三第一次模擬考試第一部分:聽(tīng)力1—5BBCBC6—10CCBAC11—15BCBBC16—20AACBB第二部分:英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空21.C考查交際用語(yǔ)。sowhat:那又怎么樣。22.D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第一空PresidentBarackObama與recall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式;第二空表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。23.D考查交際用語(yǔ)。由問(wèn)句中的never可知選D項(xiàng)。No,Ihavent:是的,我從來(lái)沒(méi)有相信過(guò)。24.C考查名詞性從句。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,說(shuō)明possibility的具體內(nèi)容。25.A考查主謂一致及動(dòng)詞辨析。該句主語(yǔ)是GuangdongProvince,故謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式;sittheexam是習(xí)慣表達(dá),意為“參加考試”。26.A考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。27.B考查從屬連詞和疑問(wèn)詞。第一空選擇why是根據(jù)句意判斷;第二空whattodowith是固定搭配關(guān)系。28.D考查形容詞。authentic:真實(shí)的,真的;precise:精確的;confidential:機(jī)密的,保密的;tentative:實(shí)驗(yàn)性的,嘗試性的,初步的。29.C考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。對(duì)過(guò)去的事情進(jìn)行虛擬假設(shè),從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。30.D考查固定短語(yǔ)。nowandthen:有時(shí),時(shí)不時(shí);moreorless:幾乎,差不多;backandforth:反復(fù)來(lái)回;soonerorlater:遲早,早晚。31.A考查定語(yǔ)從句。逗號(hào)不能連接兩個(gè)句子,故必須采用定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)。dilemma:(進(jìn)退兩難的)窘境,困境。32.D考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。musthavedone表示非?？隙ǖ耐茰y(cè)。33.B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及虛擬語(yǔ)氣。referredto是修飾theproblems的后置定語(yǔ);由句中的demanded可知從句需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。34.A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意:父親不明白,是什么讓他的兒子花這么多的時(shí)間來(lái)準(zhǔn)備這場(chǎng)比賽。35.C考查諺語(yǔ)。theappleofoneseye:掌上明珠。第二節(jié):完形填空本文作者認(rèn)為,社會(huì)化是一種學(xué)習(xí)方式,小時(shí)候我們跟父母學(xué),長(zhǎng)大了,我們必須自己掌握學(xué)習(xí)技能,學(xué)會(huì)生存和發(fā)展。36.C人一輩子都在學(xué)習(xí),除非因?yàn)樯硇臍埣捕鴾p慢或終止學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程。37.Alearningprocess:學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程。38.B當(dāng)我們向朋友學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候是快樂(lè)的。39.D當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)不要開(kāi)車(chē)超速的過(guò)程可能是痛苦的(painful)。40.Aspeed:超速。41.B由空前的pleasurable可知選B項(xiàng)。42.Amotivation:動(dòng)機(jī),動(dòng)力。43.Aoccur:出現(xiàn),產(chǎn)生。44.Dteachsb.alesson:教訓(xùn)某人。45.Cforcesth.onsb.:把某事強(qiáng)加在某人身上。46.C積極的學(xué)習(xí)方式有助于我們應(yīng)付生活的挑戰(zhàn)。47.Aprevious:以前的,之前的,與后面的atpresent相對(duì)應(yīng)。48.Blimit:限制。49.Cremainingdays:剩余的日子,指未來(lái)的日子。50.Dvalue:珍惜,重視。51.Adirect:指導(dǎo),指示,指明方向。52.B我們無(wú)法選擇誰(shuí)做我們的父母。53.Denjoy:享受;resist:抵制;repeat:重復(fù),反復(fù);control:控制。54.Ainfluence:影響。55.Bputup:張貼;pickup:(偶然)學(xué)會(huì);makeup:構(gòu)成,組成,化妝;turnup:出現(xiàn)。第三部分:閱讀理解A本文是一則關(guān)于去美國(guó)的旅游廣告。56.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Day2可知旅行是從紐約出發(fā)的。57.A推理判斷題。由最后一句“Flightsnotincluded.”可知。58.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由DealHighlights部分的行程安排和圖結(jié)合起來(lái)可知。B本文主要講述內(nèi)向的人也能成為優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。59.B短語(yǔ)理解題。從后半句butdoesthismeanthatintrovertscantbegoodleaders可知。60.C推理判斷題。由第五段第一句和最后一句可知。61.A推理判斷題。由最后一段第一句可知。62.C寫(xiě)作目的題。由第一段及最后一段最后一句可知。C本文講述的是一次法航飛機(jī)空難及搜救的情況。63.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段內(nèi)容可知。64.D推理判斷題。由最后一段第一句“Ontheninthdayofthenew-strategysearching,aftersearchingfor22months,theirhardworkpaidofffinally.”可知。65.D推理判斷題。considerate(體貼的,考慮周到的)顯然和搜尋飛機(jī)殘骸沒(méi)有關(guān)系。66.B推理判斷題。由文章第一段第三句“ThecallcamefromtheBEA,Francesairaccidentsinvestigationbureau(調(diào)查局)...”和最后一段第三句“Next,theysawbitsoftwistedaircraftpartsandapanel(平板)with‘AF’paintedonit.”可知。D本文介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究成果:漂亮的人更幸?？鞓?lè)。67.B標(biāo)題歸納題。由第一段第一、二兩句可知B項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。68.A推理判斷題。由第四段第一句“Ahandsomemanisestimatedtomake13percentmoreduringhiscareerthana‘looks-challenged’peer...”可知。69.A段落大意題。由最后一段第二句“One2006studyshowedthatthelessbeautifulmayactuallyprofitfromtheirlackoflooks.”可知。70.B推理判斷題。B項(xiàng)“美是罕見(jiàn)的,物以稀為貴”最符合題意。第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀71.Dcation74.Origin/Sources75.describing76.European77.suffer78.contributed79.most80.returning/coming/bac