初中英語從句全

實用文檔名詞性從句分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。賓語從句1.語述問題跟隨陳述語序如：Theywanttoknowwherehewasborn./Whatiswrongwithyou?=whatisthematterwithyou?這個句子不變語序。/Ijustwanderwhatitisthatmakeshimsoexcited.2.時態(tài)(tense)/如果主語是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可以根據(jù)實際情況而定Shetellsmethatshewillcometomorrow.Shetellsmethatshewonthefirstprizeyesterday./主語為過去時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)。Shetoldmeshewouldwonthefirstprizenextyear.（過去將來時ShetoldmeshehadbeeninBeijingfor3years.（過去完成時）/從句為客觀真理、定義、公理、定理時，用一般現(xiàn)在時Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.3.連詞1.that:在句子中不作為成分的時候，可以省略。但是有些情況下that不能省略：?當動詞后，賓語從句不止一個時，第二個起that不能省略。Theyknow(that)hewashonestandthathehadnomoney.?當that從句被短語或者詞組與謂語動詞分開時不能省略。Inoticed，forthefirsttime,thatourteacherwaswearinga文案大全

實用文檔hat.It作形式賓語，that從句做真正賓語時Hefindsitnecessarythatheshouldlearnforeignlanguages.在wonder/doubt/besure/certain之后不能省略Iwanderthathefailed.(我很驚訝他失敗了).where和if之間的區(qū)別Idon’tknowwhetherornotwewillhaveanexaminationthisweek.Idon’tknowwhether/ifwewillhaveanexaminationornotthisweek./介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if當whether后面緊跟著ornot時只能用whether./在動詞discuss/doubt后面只能用whether.Theyarediscussingwhetherthemeetingshouldbeheld..what引導(dǎo)Themoderncitywasbeautifulinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.4.否定轉(zhuǎn)移由think,believe,imagine,suppose等詞引導(dǎo)的時候，要將賓語從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。5.例句Wemustpayattentionto(A)makesmistakes.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.nomatterwhom文案大全實用文檔表語從句.可以連接表語從句的系動詞有be,look,feel,sound,seem,spear..that在表語從句中沒有任何意義，但是不能省略。Thereasonisthat .在表語從句中不能用if作為連詞。但是可以用whether和asif引導(dǎo)。Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoit.Itlooksasifitwouldrain.（使用了虛擬語氣）tis/wasbecause+原因Itisbecausetheweatherwasbad.tis/waswhy+結(jié)果Itiswhyhewasfailed.6.特殊的表語從句Janeisnolongerwhatshewasfouryearsago.主語從句主語從句中that不能省略。1.常用句型It’sapitythat It'slikely/possiblethat Itseems/happened/spearsthat.....Itissaid/known/believed/hopethat 文案大全

實用文檔2.例句It‘sbelievedthatGodcreatedthepeople.WhetherGodcreatedtheworldremainstobeseem.同位語從句1.定義當兩個指向同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子，后者就叫前者的同位語。Let’syouandmegoforawalk.2.標志詞Fact,idea,news,question,saying,possibility,truth,belief,hopepromise,suggestion,advice/HegotthenewsfromMarythatthemeetingwasputoff./Ihavenoideaatallwheretheyarespendingtheirholidays.有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。3.連接詞.that（不能?。㏕heideathattheearthisaroundisnotanewone..thetherHemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot..疑問詞Nextcomesthequestionswhatyouwanttoputinthebox.Nobodycanexplainthemysterywhyhesuddenlydisappeared.MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.文案大全實用文檔其他從句還有定語從句（關(guān)鍵），狀語從句。定語從句：一、結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句二、關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞：that，which，who,whom,whose關(guān)系副詞：where（=in/on/atwhich），why（=forwhich）,when（=in/onwhich）例句：.Themanwho/thatisstandinghereisTom..Themanthat/who/whom/或者省略heistalkingtoisTom..ThemantowhomheistalkingisTom.（介詞后必須加賓格并且不能省略）.Theman,whosefatherisateacherwentabroad..Theman,thefatherofwhomisateacherwentabroad..Theman,ofwhomthefatherisateacherwentabroad.總結(jié)： ,whose+3...和.....,thenofwhich（指物）/whom（指人）…以及…，ofwhich/whomthen這三個句型可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。三、只能用that不能用which的情況.既有人又有物：theteachersandtheschoolsthat.....有不定代詞或者有不定代詞修飾時：文案大全實用文檔Iwilltellyoueverythingthat....Iwilltellyouallthethingsthat.....最高級修飾或者序數(shù)詞修飾時：Themostbeautifulflowersthat....Thefirstmanthat....避免重復(fù)Whoisthemanthatisstandinghere?WhichisthebookthatIlike?.有only/very/justthen修飾時Heistheonlyonethat/whoisfitfor…ThisistheonlybookthatIwanttobuy..先行詞充當表語時Tomisn’ttheboythatheusedtobe.（定語從句，先行詞boy在句子中作為表語）Tomisn’twhatheusedtobe.（表語從句）四、只用which不能用that的情況.非限制性定語從句（用逗號隔開的一般是非限制性定語從句）Theseappletrees，whichIplantedthreeyearsago，havenotborneanyfruit..介詞后用whichThereare30chairsinthesmallhall,mostofwhicharenew..避免重復(fù)Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.五、只用who不用that文案大全實用文檔.先行詞為指人的代詞：those,all,one,ones,someone,anyone,nooneThosewhowinthegamewillgettheprize.Allwhowenttherespokehighlyofthepark..therebe中先行詞為人是只用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.六、特殊的關(guān)系詞as.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，一定充當主語或賓語或者表語。Shewearthesamecoatashersisterusuallydoes.Itissuchaninterestingfilmasweallliketosee.（定語從句不完整，as充當賓語）Itissuchaninterestingfilmthatweallliketoseeit.（從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，這是狀語從句）.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句Aswasexpected,hefinishedthetaskperfectly.Theearthisaround,asweallknow.Theearth,asweallknow,isaround.Asisoftenthecase,…..（情況往往是這樣的）Asisnatural,….（很自然的）這些短語可以用于議論文寫作。七、特殊句型先行詞充當主語時，注意主謂一致。.thenumberofthepeoplewhoowncarsisincreasing..heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedexamination.文案大全實用文檔Heistheoneofthestudentswhohaspassedexamination..ihavetwosisters,neitherofwhomareteachers.Ihavetwosistersandneitherofthemareteachers.Ihavetwosisters,neitherofthemteachers.4.therearesomepeopleinthegarden,whoseownerwasseated/sitting.therearesomepeopleinthegarden,ifsownerseated/sitting.therearesomepeopleinthegardenandit’sownerwasseated.5.isthisthefactorythat/which/或者省略youvisitedyesterday?Isthisthefactorytowhichyoupaidavisit?Isthisthefactorywhereyouworked?Isthisthefactory,theonewhich/that何以省略youvisited?Isthisthefactory,theonetowhichyoupaidavisited?Isthisthefactory,theonewhere/inwhichyouworked?6.thehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.Thehouse,theroofofwhichwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.Thehouseofwhichtheroofwasdamagedhasbeenrepairednow.7.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichIdidit.Thisisthereasonthat/whichhetoldme.8.Ihatethewayinwhich/that/可以省略hespoketohisfather.（way句子中作狀語）That’sthewaywhich/that/可以省略youtoldme.（way句子中作賓語）Hegavemethewaywhich/thatisnotpractical.（way在從句中作主語）9.sheissocleveragirlthatshelearnseverythingquickly.文案大全實用文檔Sheissocleveragirlaslearnseverythingquickly.狀語從句一、時間狀語從句When/while/as都可以跟持續(xù)性動詞As/when/whileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Imeetmyfriend.各個連詞的區(qū)別：when?從屬連詞，可以引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性或者短暫性動詞，表明主句、從句動作同時發(fā)生或者從句動作在主句之前。WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseaside.（主從句動作同時發(fā)生）Whenthefilmended,peoplewenthome.（從句動作在主句之前）?并列連詞Bedoing....when....Beabouttodo....When....Iwasdoinghomeworkwhenthelightwentoff.Iwasabouttojumpintotheriverwhenhestoppedme.?表示原因、作“既然”的意思Howcouldyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyoudidn’tlisteninclass.Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalktherein5minutes.2.while文案大全實用文檔只引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動詞Don’ttalktooaloudwhileothersareworking.并列連詞，作〃而，卻〃的意思HelikespopmusicwhileIamfondoffolkmusic.作〃盡管，雖然〃的意思WhileIadmitthereareproblems,Idon’tagreethattheycan’tbesolved.3.as主句從句動作同時發(fā)生或者交替發(fā)生，作〃一邊。。。一邊。。?！?，〃隨著。。。〃的意思Astimegoeson, Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent..assoonas=themoment=theminute=theinstant=immediately=directly=instandlyI’lltellhimthenewsassoonashecomes..nosooner...than...=hardly/scarily/barely...when...倒裝句，主句用haddone過去完成時。Nosoonerhadhearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.他剛到火車站，火車就離開了。.not...until...Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.=Notuntilhefinishedhishomeworkdidhegotobed.（倒裝句）=Itwasnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenttobed.（強調(diào)句）7.since文案大全實用文檔〃自從?…以來〃從句是短暫性動詞IthasbeentenyearssinceIgraduated.Itis3yearssincehesmoked.=Itis3yearssincehestoppedsmoking.（不抽煙已3年了）8.before“多久以后才。。?！═heyhadwalked4daysbeforetheyarrived.〃還沒來得及。。。就。。?！癟hehousehadfallendownbeforetheycouldrunout.〃趁還沒有。。。就。。。“Writeitdownbeforeyouforget.Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since...Itwillbe/was+一段時間+before....thefirsttimeIlikethebookthefirsttimeIsawit..everytime=eachtimeIvisitedtheteachereverytimeIwenthome.二、地點狀語從句連詞：where、whereverYouarefreetogowhereveryoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（有志者事竟成）三、原因狀語從句連詞：because：直接因果關(guān)系，語氣強，回答why問句。文案大全實用文檔Since：〃既然〃,位于主句前。As:〃由于〃，位于主句前或者后面For:位于主句后，表示補充說明或者推測原因。Sinceanyoneishere,let’sbegin.Asitisraining,wewillnotgoout.Itmustberainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.四、目的狀語從句連詞：sothat....一般放在主句后。Inorderthat.?…主句前或者后都可以，語氣更加正式。這兩個句型從句中往往有can/could/mightIwillspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Inorderthatyoucanseethesunrise,westartedearly.Forfearthat.....和incasethat類似，從句中往往