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中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)、知識(shí)點(diǎn)(完美排版)【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.Sitdown2.onduty3.inEnglish4.haveaseat5.athome6.looklike7.lookat8.havealook9.comeon10.at(yī)work11.at(yī)school12.puton13.lookafter14.getup15.goshoppingII.重要句型1.helpsb.dosth.2.Whatabout…?3.Let’sdosth.4.It’stimetodosth.5.It’stimefor…6.What’s…?Itis…/It’s…7.Whereis…?It’s….8.Howoldareyou?I’m….9.What(yī)classareyouin?I’min….10.Welcometo….11.What’s…plus…?It’s….12.Ithink…13.Who’sthis?Thisis….14.Whatcanyousee?Icansee(cuò)….15.Thereis(are)….16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It’s(They’re)…17.Whose…isthis?It’s….18.Whattimeisit?It’s….III.交際用語(yǔ)1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….2.Hello!Hi!3.Nicetomee(cuò)tyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.4.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?5.See(cuò)you.See(cuò)youlater.6.Thankyou!You’rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What’syourname?Mynameis….9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please.10.Who’sondutytoday?11.Let’sdo.12.Letmesee.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1.動(dòng)詞be的用法;2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;3.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;4.冠詞的基本用法;5.Therebe句型的用法。【名師講解】1.in/on在表達(dá)空間位置時(shí),in表達(dá)在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi),on表達(dá)在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如:Thereisabirdinthetree.樹上有只鳥。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。2.this/that/these/those(1)this經(jīng)常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近發(fā)言人的人和事,these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that經(jīng)常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離發(fā)言人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事,those時(shí)that(yī)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.你看看這個(gè)盒子,我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請(qǐng)把這些書拿到他房間去。Thisismine;that’syours.這個(gè)是我的,那個(gè)是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.這些是蘋果,那些是橘子。(2)在打電話的用語(yǔ)中,this經(jīng)常指的是我,that經(jīng)常指的是對(duì)方。例如:ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)?3.Therebe/haveTherebe"有",其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是:Therebe+某人或某物+表達(dá)地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。Therebe后面的名詞事實(shí)上是主語(yǔ),be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致,be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如:Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。Thereisadollinthebox.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹上有許多蘋果??傊?Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表達(dá)"擁有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞,與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例如:Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟,一個(gè)姐姐。That(yī)househasfourrooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。4.look/see/watch(1)look表達(dá)“看、瞧”,著重指認(rèn)真看,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作,表達(dá)故意識(shí)地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒對(duì)方注意。,如:Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧!孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看!那邊那個(gè)是什么?單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞,如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物,其后接介詞at,才干帶賓語(yǔ),如:He’slookingatme。他正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果,著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,意思是“看到”,see是及物動(dòng)詞,后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如:Whatcanyousee(cuò)inthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么?Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板!你看到了什么?(3)watch“觀看,注視”,側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面,表達(dá)全神貫注地觀看、觀測(cè)或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng),強(qiáng)調(diào)過程,常用于“看電視、看足球、看表演”等。如:YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。4.puton//inputon意為“穿上,戴上”。重要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作,后面接表達(dá)服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞,表達(dá)“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如:It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷,穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.

他戴上帽子,走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。5.house/home/familyhouse:“房子”,指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”,指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“,“家庭成員”。例如:Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表達(dá)"好"之意,但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ),而后者僅用作表語(yǔ)。重要區(qū)別在于:?(1)fine指物時(shí)表達(dá)的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)",形容人時(shí)表達(dá)的是"身體健康",也可以用來(lái)指"天氣晴朗"。例如:

Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很健康。

That(yī)'safinemachine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。

It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。(2)nice重要側(cè)重于人或物的外表,有"美好","美麗"的意思,也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如:?Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很美麗。

Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。

Nicetomeetyou.見到你不久樂。?It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人時(shí)指"品德好",形容物時(shí)指"質(zhì)量好",是表達(dá)人或物各方面都好的普通用語(yǔ)。例如:

Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。

Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車很好。(4)well只可用來(lái)形容人的"身體好",但不能作定語(yǔ),它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ),多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如:

I'mverywell,thanks.我身體很好,謝謝。

Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們歌唱得好?!究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元重要集中在:1.動(dòng)詞be的用法;2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;3.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;4.冠詞的基本用法;5.Therebe句型的用法。6.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型;7.本單元學(xué)過的平常交際用語(yǔ)。考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完畢句子?!局锌挤独浚?(2023年北京市中考試題)Mary,pleaseshow______(dá)__yourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me【解析】答案:D。該題考察的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動(dòng)詞show后面跟雙賓語(yǔ),空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語(yǔ)。2.(2023年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)__(dá)______(dá)_orangeonthedeskisforyou,Mike.A.AB.AnC./D.The【解析】答案:D。該題考察的是冠詞的基本用法。由于是特指課桌上的那個(gè)橘子,所以用定冠詞the。3.(2023年哈爾濱市中考試題)---What____(dá)___(dá)thenumberofthegirlsinyourclass?---Abouttwenty.A.isB.amC.areD.be【解析】答案:A。該題考察的是動(dòng)詞be的用法和主謂一致。thenumber作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)當(dāng)是單數(shù)第三人稱,動(dòng)詞be變?yōu)椋椋?。?(2023年陜西省中考試題)There_____(dá)__afootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.hasD.isgoingtohave【解析】答案:B。該題考察的是Therebe…句型和動(dòng)詞have用法區(qū)別。Therebe句型自身就表達(dá)“在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物”,不能和動(dòng)詞have混在一起用?!緷M分演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.---Whatcolouristhebike?---It’s_____(dá)__(dá)orange.A.anB.aC./D.the2.Thatisn’therbag.It’s______(dá)__.A.myB.IC.mineD.me3.---Oh,yourkiteisverynice.---_______(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)_.A.That’srightB.No,it’snotniceC.Yes,itisD.Thankyou4.Thewomanissixty,butshe_____(dá)__young.A.isB.see(cuò)sC.looksD.wat(yī)ches5.It’stime________lunch.Let’sgohome.A.toB.inC.forD.on6.---_____(dá)___isyourcoat(yī)?---Theblackone.A.What(yī)B.WhereC.WhichD.How7.---__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__isthetoy?---It’sonthebed.A.WhoB.WhereC.WhatD.Whose8.Theshoesaretooold.Put________overthere.A.itB.theyC.theirD.them9.Excuseme.Canyou__(dá)_____mywatch,please?A.lookB.looklikeC.lookafterD.lookat10.Look_____(dá)__theblackboardandlisten____(dá)__(dá)_theteacher.A.//B.a(chǎn)t;toC.after;/D.on;after11.---Whosedressisthis?---It’s_______(dá)__(dá).A.LucyB.Lucy’sC.JimD.Jim’s12.Thegirl_____(dá)_thepurplecoatishissister.A.atB.inC.onD.with13.Thereisabird___(dá)___thetree.A.inB.onC.toD.of14.Therearemany________inourschool.A.womanteachersB.womanteacherC.womenteacherD.womenteachers15.---Isthereaballunderthedesk?---_______(dá)__________(dá)____(dá)_.A.Yes,itisB.Yes,there’sC.No,thereisn’tD.No,thereis16.There______(dá)_somebooksandapencilonthedesk.A.amB.isC.areD.be17.---Letmehelpyou.---_____(dá)_________(dá)_.A.You’rewelcomeB.ThanksverymuchC.Don’tworryD.Yes,thanks18.______oldmanis__(dá)____Englishteacher.A.The;anB.An;anC.The;theD.A;a19.---What_____fiveplussix?---It’seleven.A.amB.isC.areD./20.---What__(dá)___(dá)_youseeinthepicture?---Icanseesomeflowers.A.mustB.canC.areD.Do二.完形填空ThisisapictureofKat(yī)’s____1___(dá)_.What(yī)canwe__(dá)__2___(dá)__inthepicture?Look____(dá)3____it,please.Theman____4____theblackcoatisKate’sfather,Mr.Green.The__(dá)__5____intheredsweaterisMrs.Green.They__(dá)__6____young.ThebabyisKate.ThelittleboyisKate’s___(dá)_7____(dá)_,Jim.__(dá)_8____themanbehindMrs.Green?Oh,he’s____9___brother,Mr.Read.He____10____young,too.1.A.familiesB.familyC.parentsD.brothers2.A.lookB.doC.see(cuò)D.put3.A.atB.afterC.forD.up4.A.onB.ofC.inD.to5.A.manB.girlC.womenD.woman6.A.areB.isC.looklikeD.looking7.A.sisterB.brotherC.fat(yī)herD.aunt8.A.What’sB.Where’sC.Who’sD.Howis9.A.hisB.herC.ourD.their10.A.looksB.a(chǎn)mC.lookD.Very三.在B欄中找出A欄英語(yǔ)句子的對(duì)的答語(yǔ)(A)(B)1.Howareyou?A.IaminRow6.2.Canyouspellit,please?B.Fine,thankyou.3.Howdoyoudo?C.Yes,b-o-o-k,book.4.Whatrowareyouin?D.Itisten.5.What’stwopluseight?E.Nicetomeetyou,too.6.Nicetomeetyou.F.Iam14.7.Howoldareyou?G.WangPingis.8.Who’snothere?H.It’shere.9.Whereisthebag?I.It’sabook.10.WhatisthisinEnglish?J.Howdoyoudo?四.完畢對(duì)話:在對(duì)話后面的句子中選出對(duì)的的填入空白處Jim:Excuseme,Ann.Whoseblackdogisthis?Isityours?Ann:Letmehavealook.___(dá)_____(dá)1______(dá)_.Ithinkit’sSam’s.Mydogisbrown.Jim:Sam,lookatthedogbehindthetree(cuò).______(dá)__2__(dá)________?Sam:Sorry,itisn’tmine.Mydogisblackandwhite.IthinkitlookslikeMary’s.Jim:_____(dá)__(dá)___(dá)___3______(dá)______(dá)__?Sam:She’smyfriend.Look!She’soverthere.Let’sgoandaskher.Jim:________(dá)_______4_____(dá)____(dá)__(dá)___(dá)_.Sam:Hi,Mary!Isthatdogyours?Mary:___(dá)______(dá)__(dá)____5__(dá)_____________.Sam:It’salovelydog!Don’tloseit!Mary:Yes,thankyou.A.Who’sMaryB.OK,let’sgoC.Oh,noit’snotmineD.Oh,yes.It’smineE.Isityours五.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.__(dá)___(dá)___(He)penisin______(I)pencil-box.2.___(dá)__(dá)___(You)shoes________(be)underthebed.3.__(dá)____(dá)__(dá)(Who)newruleristhis?4.---Arethesetrousers_______(you)?---No,theyaren’t___(dá)_____(we)5.It’stime__(dá)___(dá)___(go)andplaygames.6.Thisismypen.Pleasegiveitto_____(dá)__(dá)_(I).7.Ihavetwo___(dá)_____(dá)(baby).8.Look!That(yī)isa________(China)car.9.Itis_________(dá)_(myteacher)sweater.10.Nowher____(dá)____(parent)areinAmerica.六.閱讀理解(A)Bobwasborninabigandrichfamily.Hisfatherisauniversityprofessor.HeteachesAmericanhistory.Hismotherisaverycapablewoman.Sheisthemanagerofabigcompany.Sheearnsalotofmoney,ofcourse.Bobhastwosistersandabrother.Hiseldersister,Jenny,isfourteen.Shestudiesinamiddleschool.Hisyoungersister,Ann,isten.Shestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.Shehasaverygoodmemory.Sheisclever.Hisyoungerbrother,Dick,isonlysix.Hehasjuststartedgoingtoschool.Bobgetsonwellwithhisfamily.Heisongoodtermsnotonlywithhisparents,butalsowithhissistersandbrother.(haveafriendlyrelationshipwithsb.)Heis,inaword,anappleintheireyes.根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子的正誤:對(duì)的地答“A”,錯(cuò)誤的答“B”。1.Bobwasborninasmallandrichfamily.2.Hehastwobrothersandasister.3.Therearefivepeopleinhisfamily.4.Dickisonlysix.Hestudiesinaprivateprimaryschool.5.“Heisanappleintheireyes”means“Theylovehimverymuch”.(B)Lookattheclotheslineinthetwins'bedroom.Therearesomeclothesonit.Youcansee(cuò)agreenblouseandayellowskirt.Thetrousersontheclotheslineareblack.Theyarenotnewbutclean.AretheyLily'sclothes?No.IknowtheyareLucy's.Lily'sclothesareonaclothestreenearthewindow.Hertrousersarebrown,herblouseiswhiteandherskirtisblue.Thereisanewhatontheclothestree(cuò),butit'snotLily's,it'sLucy's.ThereisanoldhatonLucy'sbedintheroom,it'sLily's.Therearenoclothesontheotherbed,thebedisLily's.1.Whatcanyouseeinthebedroom?Icansee________(dá)__.A.aclotheslineB.at(yī)reeC.a(chǎn)bed2.What(yī)colourareLucy'strousers?Theyare__(dá)_____(dá)_.A.gree(cuò)nB.blackC.brown3.WhereisLucy'shat?It'son_____(dá)___(dá)_.A.theclothestree(cuò)B.theclotheslineC.lily'sbed4.Howmanybedsarethereintheroom?____(dá)____.A.onlyoneB.three(cuò)C.two5.ArethereanythingsonLily'sbed?__(dá)__(dá)____.A.Yes,thereisahatonitB.No,thereisnotanythingonitC.Sorry,Idon'tknow(C)It'safineSundaymorning.Annandhermotherareinabigbus.Therearemanypeopleinit.SomeofthemcomefromAmerica,andsomecomefromEnglandandCanada.Theyarealltheirfriends.TheyaregoingtotheGreatWall.

TherearetwoChineseinthebus.Oneiswoman.Sheisdrivingthebus.Theotherisayoungman.HespeaksgoodEnglish.HeisnowtalkingabouttheGreatWall.Theotherpeoplearealllisteningtohim.TheyliketheGreatWall.Theywanttosee(cuò)itverymuch.?1.AnnandmotheraregoingtotheGreat(yī)Wall_____(dá)_____.

A.bybikeB.bycarC.byplaneD.bybus

2.Thereare___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)__(dá).

A.onlyoneChineseinthebusB.onlytwoChineseinthebus

C.onlytwoChineseonthebikeD.onlyoneChineseinthecar?3.Thedriveris___(dá)__(dá)____(dá)_.

A.amanB.awomanC.aCanadianD.anAmerican

4.Thepeople__________.

A.aresingingB.aretalkingC.arelisteningD.arelookingatthewall?5.They____(dá)___(dá)___(dá).?A.cansee(cuò)theGreatWallB.canspeakEnglishverywell.

C.wanttotalkwiththemanverymuchD.wanttoseetheGreatWallverymuch初一年級(jí)(下)【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.abottleof2.a(chǎn)little3.alot(of)4.allday5.befrom6.beover7.comeback8.comefrom9.doone’shomework10.dotheshopping11.getdown12.gethome13.getto14.getup15.goshopping16.haveadrinkof17.havealook18.havebreakfast19.havelunch20.havesupper21.listento22.not…at(yī)all23.put…away24.takeoff25.throwitlikethat26.wouldlike27.inthemiddleofhemorning/afternoon/evening29.onafarm30.inafactoryII.重要句型1.Letsb.dosth.2.Couldsb.dosth.?3.wouldlikesth.4.wouldliketodosth.5.What(yī)aboutsomethingtoeat?6.Howdoyouspell…?7.MayIborrow…?III.交際用語(yǔ)1.—Thanksverymuch!—You'rewelcome.2.Putit/themaway.3.What'swrong?4.Ithinkso.Idon'tthinkso.5.Iwanttotakesomebookstotheclassroom.6.Givemeabottleoforangejuice,please.Pl(wèi)easegiveit/thembacktomorrow.OK.9.What'syourfavouritesport?10.Don'tworry.11.I’m(not)goodatbasketball.12.Doyouwantago?13.That'sright./That(yī)‘sallright./Allright.14.Doyouhaveadictionary/anydictionaries?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.15.We/TheyhavesomeCDs.We/Theydon’thaveanyCDs.16.---What(yī)dayisittoday/tomorrow?---It’sMonday.17.---MayIborrowyourcolourpens,please?---Certainly.Hereyouare.18.---Whereareyoufrom?---FromBeijing.19.What'syourtelephonenumberinNewYork?20.---Doyoulikehotdogs?---Yes,Ido.(Alittle./Alot./Verymuch.)---No,Idon't.(Idon'tlikethematall.)21.---Whatdoesyourmotherlike?---Shelikesdumplingsandvegetablesverymuch.22.---Whendoyougotoschooleveryday?---Igotoschoolat7:00everyday.23.---Whattimedoeshegotobedintheevening?---Hegoestobedat10:00.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1.人稱代詞的用法;2.祈使句;3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法;4.動(dòng)詞have的用法;5.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法;6.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】That'sright./That‘sallright./Allright.That’sright意為“對(duì)的”,表達(dá)贊同對(duì)方的意見、見解或行為,肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如:"Ithinkwemusthelptheoldman.""我想我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助這位老人。"

"That'sright."或"You'reright.""說(shuō)得對(duì)"。That’sallright.意為“不用謝”、“沒關(guān)系”,用來(lái)回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。例如:"Manythanks.""That'sallright.""Sorry.It'sbroken.""That'sallright."Allright.意為“行了”、“可以”,表達(dá)批準(zhǔn)對(duì)方的建議或規(guī)定。有時(shí)還可以表達(dá)“身體很好”"Pleasetellmeaboutit.""請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。"

"Allright.""好吧。"?Isyourmotherallright?你媽身體好嗎2.make/do這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”,但含義卻不同,不能混用。make指做東西或制東西,do指做一件具體的事。Canyoumakeapaperboatforme?你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎?He’sdoinghishomeworknow.他正在做他的作業(yè)。3.say/speak/talk/tellsay:是最口語(yǔ)化的最普通的一個(gè)詞,意為“說(shuō)出”、“說(shuō)道”,著重所說(shuō)的話。如:“Iwanttogotherebybus”,hesaid.他說(shuō),“我要坐汽車到那里去。”PleasesayitinEnglish.請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)。speak:“說(shuō)話”,著重開口發(fā)聲,不著重所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容,一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞(即后面不能直接接賓語(yǔ))。如:Canyouspeakabouthim?你能不能說(shuō)說(shuō)他的情況?Idon’tliketospeaklikethis.我不喜歡這樣說(shuō)話。speak作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí),只能和某種語(yǔ)言等連用,表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如:ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好。talk:與speak意義相近,也著重說(shuō)話的動(dòng)作,而不著重所說(shuō)的話,因此,一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞,但是,talk暗示話是對(duì)某人說(shuō)的,有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話意味,著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如:Iwouldliketotalktohimaboutit.我想跟他談那件事。Oldwomenliketotalkwithchildren.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。tell:“告訴”,除較少情況外,一般后面總接雙賓語(yǔ)。如:He’stellingmeastory.他在給我講故事。tellalie撒謊tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth.MissZhaooftentellsustostudyhard.4.docooking/dothecookingdocooking作“做飯”解,屬泛指。dothecooking特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動(dòng)名詞,不能用作復(fù)數(shù),但前面可用some,much修飾。從dosomecooking可引出許多類似的短語(yǔ):dosomewashing洗些衣服dosomeshopping買些東西dosomereading讀書dosomewriting寫些東西dosomefishing釣魚從以上短語(yǔ)可引申出另一類短語(yǔ),不能用some,much或定冠詞。goshopping去買東西gofishing去釣魚goboating去劃船goswimming去游泳5.likedoingsth./liketodosth.likedoingsth.與liketodosth.意思相同,但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表達(dá)動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性;后來(lái)表達(dá)一次性和偶爾性的動(dòng)作。例如:Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn‘tliketoplayfootballwithLiMing.他喜歡踢足球,但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6.other/others/theother/another

other表其余的,別的,?Haveyouanyotherquestions?你尚有其他問題嗎??others別的人,別的東西

IntheroomsomepeopleareAmerican,theothersareFrench.在屋子里一些人是美國(guó)人,其他的是法國(guó)人。theother表另一個(gè)(兩者之中)one…,theother…OneofmytwobrothersstudiesEnglish,theotherstudiesChinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一個(gè)學(xué)中文。another表三者以上的另一個(gè),另一些Thereisroomforanotherfewbooksontheshelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。7.inthetree/onthetreeinthetree與onthetree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語(yǔ)中有區(qū)別。inthetree表達(dá)某人、某事(不屬于樹自身生長(zhǎng)出的別的東西)落在樹上,表達(dá)樹的枝、葉、花、果等長(zhǎng)在樹上時(shí),要使用onthetree(cuò).如:Therearesomeapplesonthetree.那棵樹上有些蘋果。Thereisabirdinthetree(cuò).那棵樹上有只鳥。8.some/any

(1)some和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要注意。?some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中。如:

Thereissomewaterintheglass.?Isthereanywaterintheglass?

Thereisn'tanywaterintheglass.(2)在說(shuō)話者希望得到肯定答復(fù)的一般疑問句中,或在表達(dá)請(qǐng)求,邀請(qǐng)的疑問句中,我們?nèi)匀挥胹ome。如:

Wouldyoulikesometea?9.tall/high(1)說(shuō)人,動(dòng)物,樹木等有生命的東西,重要用tall,不用high,例如

atallwoman一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女

atallhorse一個(gè)高大的馬(2)說(shuō)一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí),要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上時(shí),飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí),例如:?Heishighupinthetree.他高高地爬在樹上。

Theplaneissohighinthesky.飛機(jī)在空中這么高。(3)指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall或high都可以,但是high的限度比tall高。(4)high可作副詞,tall不能。(5)tall的反義詞為short,high的反義詞為low.10.can/could(1)can表達(dá)體力和腦力方面的能力,或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的"能力"。例如:

Canyourideabike?你會(huì)騎自行車嗎??WhatcanIdoforyou?要幫忙嗎?

Canyoumakeacake?你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎?(2)can用在否認(rèn)句和疑問句中時(shí)有時(shí)表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的"懷疑""猜測(cè)"或不愿定。例如:

Wherecanhebe?他會(huì)在什么地方呢?

Canthenewsbetrue?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎?

Itsurelycan'tbesixo'clockalready?不也許已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧??Youcan'tbehungrysosoon,Tom,you'vejusthadlunch.湯姆,你不也許餓得這么快,你剛吃過午飯。?Whatcanhemean?他會(huì)是什么意思?在平常會(huì)話中,can可代替may表達(dá)"允許",may比較正式。例如:

Youcancomeinanytime.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。

---CanIuseyourpen?我能用你的鋼筆嗎?

---Ofcourse,youcan.當(dāng)然可以。

Youcanhavemyseat,I'mgoingnow.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。(3)could?could是can的過去式,表達(dá)過去有過的能力和也許性(在否認(rèn)和疑問句中)。例如:

Thedoctorsaidhecouldhelphim.(能力)醫(yī)生說(shuō)他能幫助他。?Lilycouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.(能力)?當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。

Atthat(yī)timewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.(也許性)

那時(shí)我們認(rèn)為所說(shuō)的也許是真的。?could可代替can表達(dá)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如:?CouldIspeaktoJohn,please?我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎??Couldyou?在口語(yǔ)中表達(dá)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。例如:

Couldyouwaithalfanhour?請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎?

Couldyoupleaseringagainatsix?六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎?(4)can的形式

只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式。能表達(dá)一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài),有時(shí)也能表達(dá)將來(lái)。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)(涉及將來(lái)時(shí))須用beableto加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表達(dá)。例如:

TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.?他們沒有能到北京來(lái)。11.lookfor/findlookfor意為“尋找”,而find意為“找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)”,前者強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”這一動(dòng)作,并不注重“找”的結(jié)果,而后者則強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果。例如:Shecan’tfindherruler.她找不到她的尺子啦。Tomislookingforhiswatch,buthecan’tfindit.湯姆正在尋找他的手表,但沒能找到。12.besleeping/beaslee(cuò)pbesleeping表達(dá)動(dòng)作,意思是“正在睡覺”;beasleep表達(dá)狀態(tài),意思是“睡著了”。如:---What(yī)arethechildrendoingintheroom?孩子們?cè)诜块g里做什么?---Theyaresleeping.他們正在睡覺。Thechildrenareaslee(cuò)pnow.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了。13.often/usually/sometimesoften表達(dá)"經(jīng)常",sometimes表達(dá)"有時(shí)候",在表達(dá)發(fā)生頻率上often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes。這三個(gè)詞表達(dá)的是經(jīng)常性,一般性的動(dòng)作或情況,常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用,常位于重要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面,其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(be動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞)的后面,有時(shí)也可位于句尾。假如要加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,則放在句首。Weusuallyplaybasketballafterschool.我們通常放學(xué)后打籃球。?SometimesIgotobedearly.有時(shí),我睡覺很早。

HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他經(jīng)常在上午讀英語(yǔ)。14.Howmuch/Howmanyhowmuch常用來(lái)詢問某一商品的價(jià)格,常見句式是Howmuchis/are…?Howmuchistheskirt?

這條裙子多少錢?Howmucharethebananas?

這些香蕉多少錢?howmuch后加不可數(shù)名詞,表達(dá)數(shù)量,意為“多少“,howmany后加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Howmuchmeatdoyouwant?

你要多少肉呀?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

你們班有多少人?15.begoodfor/begoodto/begoodatbegoodfor表達(dá)"對(duì)……有好處",而bebadfor表達(dá)"對(duì)……有害";begoodto表達(dá)"對(duì)……和諧",而bebadto表達(dá)"對(duì)……不好";begoodat表達(dá)"擅長(zhǎng),在……方面做得好",而bebadat表達(dá)"在……方面做得不好"。?Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼保健操對(duì)你的眼睛有好處。

Eatingtoomuchisbadforyouhealth.吃的太多對(duì)你的身體有害。?MissLiisgoodtoallofus.李老師對(duì)我們所有的人都很和諧。?Thebossisbadtohisworkers.這個(gè)老板對(duì)他的工人不好。

LiLeiisgoodatdrawing,butI'mbadatit.李雷擅長(zhǎng)畫畫,但是我不擅長(zhǎng)。16.each/everyeach和every都有"每一個(gè)"的意思,但含義和用法不相同。each從個(gè)體著眼,every從整體著眼。each可用于兩者或兩者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。?Wee(cuò)achhaveanewbook.

我們每人各有一本新書。?Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.?街的兩旁有樹。

Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.?天天上午他都起得早。each可以用作形容詞、副詞和代詞;every只能用作形容詞。

Eachofthemhashisownduty.

他們各人有各人的義務(wù)。?Theyeachwanttodosomethingdifferent.

他們每個(gè)人都想做不同的事情。17.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表達(dá)經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也表達(dá)說(shuō)話者的能力,尚有自然現(xiàn)象;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(構(gòu)成方式為am/is/are/+doing)。Idomyhomeworkintheevening.我在晚上做作業(yè)。I'mdoingmyhomeworknow.我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與now,thesedays,atthemoment或Look,listen等詞連用;而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與often,always,sometimes,usually,everyday,inthemorning,onMondays等連用。Weoftencleantheclassroomafterschool.我們經(jīng)常放學(xué)后打掃教室。Look!Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.看!他們正在打掃教室呢?!究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元重要集中在:1.動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法,人稱代詞的用法,可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法。2.本冊(cè)書中常見的交際用語(yǔ)3.本冊(cè)書中一些重點(diǎn)的詞組和短語(yǔ)考試形式往往是單項(xiàng)填空、完形填空、短文改錯(cuò)和短文填空?!局锌挤独?.(2023年安徽省中考試題)---Hurryup!We’reallwaitingforyou.---I____(dá)__(dá)__foranimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme.A.waitB.waswaitingC.amwaitingD.waited【解析】答案:C。表達(dá)現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.(2023年長(zhǎng)春市中考試題)Couldyouhelp___(dá)_with_______English,please?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I【解析】答案:C。第一個(gè)空作賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格me,第二個(gè)空作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞my。3.(2023年長(zhǎng)春市中考試題)Dr.Whitecan_______Frenchverywell.A.speakB.talkC.sayD.tell【解析】答案:A。說(shuō)什麼語(yǔ)言常用動(dòng)詞speak。4.(2023年黃岡中考試題)Englishisspokenby_____(dá)_people.

A.alotB.muchmanyC.a(chǎn)largenumberofD.agreatdealof【解析】答案:C。只有alargenumberof能用來(lái)修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞people?!緷M分演練】單項(xiàng)選擇?1.Thereissome___(dá)__(dá)_ontheplat(yī)e.

A.cakesB.meat(yī)C.potatoD.pears?2.UncleWangwants___(dá)__(dá)_themachinelikeabike.?A.rideB.ridingC.ridesD.toride?3.Tomusuallygoestobed___(dá)_____teno'clockintheevening.

A.atB.inC.onD.of

4.__(dá)____picturebooksinclass,please.?A.NotreadB.NoreadC.NotreadingD.Don'tread?5.Theboxistooheavy.Let_____(dá)___helpyoutocarryit.

A.weB.usC.oursD.our?6.Hurryup,__(dá)____(dá)we'llbelateforthemeeting.?A.andB.butC.thenD.or

7.Peopleusually__(dá)___(dá)_"hello"toeachotherwhentheymakeaphonecall.?A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk

8.Look?。樱鑕_____(dá)__(dá)_akiteforherson.

A.makesB.ismakingC.makeD.making

9.Theseshoesareyours.Please______(dá)__.?A.putonthemB.putonitC.putthemonD.putiton

10.Sheoftengets______(dá)verylate.?A.homeB.athomeC.tohomeD.inhome

11.Ithinktheshopisclosed______(dá)__thistimeofday.

A.inB.onC.at(yī)D.for

12.Iwant____(dá)__ofmeat,please.

A.halfkiloB.a(chǎn)halfkiloC.halfakiloD.akilohalf

13.---Isthisblackruler____(dá)____?

---No.It's___(dá)___(dá)__.

A.yours,hisB.your,hisC.yours,himD.you,he?14.______(dá)__bookonthedeskisauseful(重要的)one.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./?15.Grandmaisill.Wehavetotakehertothe________(dá).?A.farmB.postofficeC.hotelD.hospital

16.LiuMeioftenhelpshermother____(dá)____housework.?A.doesB.doC.doingD.todoing?17.Wewat(yī)cheveningnewson_____(dá)___at7:00intheevening.

A.CCTVB.CAACC.WTOD.MTV?18.There__(dá)__(dá)____aboxofapplesonthedesk.

A.areB.isC.hasD.have

19.Wouldyoulike_____(dá)___(dá)withme??A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes?20.Sometimeshisbrother_____(dá)___TVaftersupper.

A.wat(yī)chB.seesC.watchesD.iswatching二.填空A.根據(jù)句義和首字母寫出所缺的單詞1.Kat(yī)e'sglassisempty.Shewantsaf___(dá)___(dá)one.?2.Ithinkmyfat(yī)hercanhelpyoum____(dá)__yourbrokenbike.?3.Ihavetwopencils.Oneisshort,theotherisl__(dá)___(dá)_.?4.Pleaseopenthew______(dá).It'sgettinghothere.?5.Somethingisw______withmybike.MayIborrowyours?B.根據(jù)句意,用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Therearesome__(dá)______there,talkingloudly.(woman)

2.Thisblouseisn'thers.It's____(dá)____.(my)?3.Thepeopleonthefarmarevery_______(dá)_.(friend)?4.Doyouknow__(dá)___(dá)___?(he)

5.Tom'sunclecandrivecars.Heisagood__(dá)____(dá)__.(drive)C.選詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空work,close,look,have,teacher,pen,eat,China,play,climb1.Thisisour___(dá)__(dá)___desk.Oursareoverthere.2.Billhasthree__(dá)__(dá)__(dá)__.Oneisnewandtheothertwoareold.3.Hisuncle_______(dá)_veryyoungbutheisoverforty.4.Let's_____(dá)___basketballafterclass.5.Look!Thecatsare_____(dá)___(dá)upthetrees.6.Theshopisn'topen.It's_______(dá)_.7.Mybrother____(dá)____(dá)somenewpicturebooks.8.Inourclassroomthereisalargemapof_______(dá)_.9.Mum,pleasegivemesomethingto___(dá)_____(dá).I'mveryhungry.10.DoesMrGreenlike____(dá)___(dá)_inthisChineseschool?三.根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油戤厡?duì)話A.Pleasegiveitbacksoon.?B.It'soverthere?C.Certainly.Whendoyouwantit?

D.Thankyouverymuch.

E.Blackandred,andit'snotverynew.A:Excuseme,LinTao!B:Yes??A:Mybikeisbroken.CanIborrowyours?

B:__1____.

A:Thisafternoon.

B:OK.Here'sthekey.

A:____2__.Butwhereisit??B:__3____.?A:Whatcolourisit?

B:__(dá)4____.

A:Isee.IthinkIcanfindit.?B:___5___.

A:Allright.Seeyou!

四.完型填空

Thesedaysmenandwomen,youngandoldare__(dá)_1_____thesamekindof___2__(dá)__,andalotof___3____(dá)_havelonghair(頭發(fā)).Weoftencan't___4___(dá)__whethertheyareboysorgirls,menorwomen.?___5___(dá)__(dá)oldmanoftengoestowalkinthepark.Heissittingonachairnow.Ayoungpersonis___6___(dá)__(dá)___(dá)7_____him.

"Oh,goodness!"theoldmansaystotheotherone."Doyou__(dá)_8_____thatpersonwithlonghair?Isitaboyoragirl?"?"Aboy,"saystheotherone."Heismyson.""Oh,"saystheoldman,"Please___(dá)_9___(dá)_me.Idon'tknowyouarehis____(dá)10__(dá)__.""I'mnothismother,I'mhisfather,"saystheotherone.

1.A.havingB.wearingC.puttingD.buying?2.A.clothesB.treesC.picturesD.Bags?3.A.weB.yourC.themD.Theirs

4.A.talkB.teachC.sayDtell?5.A.AnB.AC.TheD./?6.A.runningB.flyingC.standingD.driving

7.A.onB.besideC.inD.At

8.A.seeB.watchC.lookD.Read?9.A.helpB.excuseC.teachD.Ask?10.A.babyB.sisterC.fatherD.Mother五.閱讀理解(A)MrLiteachesChineseintheUSA.HecomesbacktoChinaeveryyear.Hegivesusatalk.Hesays,"KDayintheUSAisveryinteresting.Allchildrenlikeitverymuch.ItisonMarch7th.Whenyougooutonthat(yī)day,youcanseechildrenrunningwithkitesintheopenair(露天).Whenyoulookup,youcanseedifferentkitesinthesky(天空).Somearebig,andsomearesmall.Theyareindifferentcolours.Everykitehasalongstring(長(zhǎng)線).Thechildrenbegintorunwhentheygetthekitesup.Everychildhasagoodtimethatday.

1.MrLiis____(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)____.HeworksintheUSA.?A.aworkerB.anEnglishteacherC.adoctorD.aChineseteacher

2.MrLisayssomethingabout____(dá)___________(dá).

A.howtostudyEnglishB.KDayintheUSA?C.hisworkintheUSAD.playingintheopenair

3.March7this____(dá)______(dá)____(dá)___.?A.Children'sDayB.Teachers'Day

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