高中英語人教版Unit1Livingwell 課后限時作業(yè)

Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Theteacherwentintotheclassroomsilentlysoasnot________(disturb)thestudents.2.Whatcouldhedobut________(forgive)her?3.Theroomsseem________________________(clean)already.4.Mysister’sdream________________(become)adoctormademyparentsglad.5.Theimportantmeetingis_____________(hold)tomorrow.6.Nobodycouldafford___________(buy)anewcaratthattime.7.Don’tpretend________________(work)hardnow.8.Thepresidentisreported________________(go)toShanghaitotakepartinanimportantmeetingyesterday.9.It’smygreathonour________(receive)theinvitationtoyourbirthdayparty.10.Thepeasantsweremade________(work)twentyhoursaday.答案：1.todisturb句意：老師靜靜地走進教室以便不打攪學(xué)生。soas(not)todosth.為了，以便(不)做某事。不定式作目的狀語。forgive句意：除了原諒她，他還能做什么呢？coulddosth.butdosth.除了做某事之外能做某事。tohavebeencleaned句意：房間好像已經(jīng)打掃過了。seem后接動詞不定式，由already可知，“房間打掃”動作已發(fā)生，應(yīng)用完成式。而且句子的主語與動詞不定式的動詞“clean”存在動賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用被動式。4.tobecome句意：我妹妹想要成為醫(yī)生的夢想使我父母很高興。動詞不定式作后置定語修飾dream并表“將來”。5.tobeheld句意：該重要會議將會在明天召開。betodo表將來，會議與hold存在被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用不定式的被動式。6.tobuy句意：那時沒人買得起一輛新車。afford承擔(dān)得起，付得起，常與不定式連用。7.tobeworking句意：不要裝著在賣力干活。pretend常與不定式連用；因為now故不定式應(yīng)用進行式。8.tohavegone句意：據(jù)報道總統(tǒng)昨天已去上海參加一個重要的會議。bereportedtodo/tohavedone據(jù)報道做/已做。toreceive句意：收到參加你生日聚會的邀請我非常榮幸。It’sanhonortodosth.做某事非常榮幸。towork句意：農(nóng)民們被迫一天干20小時的活。makesb.dosth.結(jié)構(gòu)改為被動語態(tài)時要重新加上不定式符號to構(gòu)成：bemadetodosth.。Ⅱ.單句改錯1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudenttoattendingtheimportantmeeting.3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobeholdingnextMonday?5.Ittookusthreeyearsfulfiltheproject.6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirstgetintothelifeboats.7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.∧about答案：1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.Attendingattend動詞不定式作后置定語與被修飾詞nothing之間是動賓關(guān)系，worryaboutsth.擔(dān)心某事，因此不定式toworry應(yīng)加介詞Attendingattend∧to2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudentto∧to不定式作后置定語。3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.holdingheld比較狀語從句中連詞than連接對等形式，主語是不定式holdingheld4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobenextMonday?fulfiltofulfl動詞不定式作后置定語表將來，又因被修飾詞fulfiltofulfl5.Ittookusthreeyearstheproject.∧toIttakessometimetodosth.∧to∧been6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirst∧been當(dāng)表語是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時，其后應(yīng)接動詞不定式。7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.你沒必要告訴她該消息，她好像已經(jīng)被告知。由句意可知動詞不定式應(yīng)用完成被動式。8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.∧tomakesb.dosth.∧to9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.∧toonlytodo∧to10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.該題考查了動詞不定式的省略。動詞不定式作賓語補足語時可省去動詞不定式的動詞，保留動詞不定式符號to。Ⅲ.閱讀理解(2023·金太陽全國大聯(lián)考)Sharksusetheirgoodsenseofsmelltosearchforprey.ButanewstudyshowsthattherisinglevelsofCO2intheoceancouldreducesharksabilitytofindfood.It’sbadnewsforahealthyocean.Sharksaretoppredators(掠食動物)andareliketheocean’sweedcontrollers.DixsonworksattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.Herearlierworkhasshownthatclownfishinacidifying(酸化的)wateractstrangely.“Wewanttoexpandthisresearchtosharksbecauseweknowhowimportantitisforsharkstofindtheirfoodthroughtheirsenseofsmell，”saidDixson.Herteamstartedbyplacingsharksineachofthreedifferentpoolsforfivedays.EachpoolhadadifferentlevelofCO2init.Thefirsthadthesameamountastoday’soceanwater.ThesecondhadalevelofCO2thatscientistsexpecttoreachby2050.ThethirdpoolhadthehighestlevelofCO2thatcoulddevelopbytheyear2100.Sharksweren’tallowedtoeatanyfoodwhileinthepools.Thismadesurethattheywouldbehungry.Then,Dixsonreleasedthesharks—oneatatime—intoapoolwithtwoside\|by\|sidestreamsofflowingwater.Inonestream,theresearcherspumpedwatersmelledstronglyofsquid.Theotherstreamcontainedoceanwaterwithnoscent(氣味).Becauseeachstreamflowedatthesamerateandinthesamedirection,thesquidsmellstayedinitsstream.Thesharkscouldchoosetoswimineitherstream.Sharksthathadbeenswimmingforfivedaysinpoolsofregularoceanwaterspentmorethan60percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.ThesamewastrueforsharksthathadbeeninwaterwiththeCO2levelthatcoulddevelopbytheyear2050.ButsharksexposedtothehighestlevelofCO2spentjust15percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，海洋里二氧化碳的濃度會影響鯊魚的嗅覺，會給它們帶來不好的影響。1.Whydidthewritermentionthesharkssmellatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Becausethewriterappreciatesitsabilitytofindfood.B.Becausethewriterconsidersitdangeroustohumanbeings.C.Becausethewriterintendstoshowhowtocontrolweedintheocean.D.Becausethewriterworriesaboutthesharksintheocean.2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whattheoceaninthefuturewillbelike.B.WhohelpedDixsonconductthestudy.C.Whatkindsofpoolswereusedduringthestudy.D.WhatthelevelsofCO2willbeatintheoceaninthefuture.3.Theresearcherspumpedwaterwhereadeadsquidhadbeenovernightto.A.helpthesharkslookforfoodB.testthesharkssenseofsmellC.provethatsharkslikeeatingsquidsD.explainwhyCO2intheoceanaffectssharks4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Sharkslikethesquid-|scentedstreambetter.B.SharkslikethestreamwiththehighlevelofCO2.C.Sharksspent15%oftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.D.ThehighlevelofCO2canaffectthesharksabilitytosmell.答案：1.解析：D考查推理判斷。作者在第一段中提到鯊魚的嗅覺，主要是引出主題，即：海洋環(huán)境的改變會對鯊魚的覓食造成危害，因此可推知作者擔(dān)心生活在海洋中的鯊魚。2.解析：C考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是講Dixson和她的團隊把鯊魚放在哪些池子里做實驗。3.解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員往水流里放了帶魷魚味的水，其目的是測試鯊魚在特定的環(huán)境下能否聞到那種氣味，故選B。4.解析：D考查推理判斷。畫線句子的意思是“但是，暴露在最高濃度的二氧化碳中的鯊魚只在有魷魚味的水中花費了僅僅15%的時間”。由此可知，Dixson團隊的實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，鯊魚的嗅覺的確受到二氧化碳濃度的影響。Ⅳ.完形填空(2023·湖北武漢外校高二月考)JohnPerrystoodupandlookedaroundagain.Theislandhadbeenagoodplacetofindshells.Butnowhowcouldhemakethe1moveouttosea?Iftheyswamouttoseahecouldjumpinandgettoshore2theysawhim.Hesawthesharksrollingandplaying.Their3wasnowgoneandtheywerekillingforfun.Hedrewhisknifefromhisbelt.Sharkscan4blood,hethought.Heputtheknifeagainsthislegandcutdeepintothe5.Whentheshirtwasredandwethetiedsomeclothsaroundhislegto6theflowofblood.Hethentiedalongclothtotheshirt,threwitintothewaterand7itwiththecloth.Thesharkssmelledthebloodandcame8towardtheshirt.Herandownthesandreefpullingtheshirtandthesharksracedafterit.Hewas9themawayfromtheshore.Suddenlyhedroppedthecloth,turnedtowardthe10andranasfastashecould.Hejumpedintothewaterandswam.11hewashalfwayacrossheturnedtolookback.Ahighbonyfinwas12throughthewatertowardhim.Heswam13asfastashecould.Heliftedhisheadagainto14andhesawtheshoreverynear.Andthenagreatgraybodyhithimandalmostrolledhimoverinthewater.Hetouchedtheshorewith15andhepulledhimselfupthestones.Theshark,16bythesmellofbloodandthechase,wentwildlyafterhim.Itsgreatbodycrashedagainstthe17.Theendcamequickly.Theinjuredsharkwaseatenup18byothersasittriedtoescape.Perryslowlystruggled19hisfeet.Helookeddownatthesharksstilleating20theyweren’thungry.Heclimbedupthestonesandwalkedtowardthevillage.語篇導(dǎo)讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了JohnPerry如何機智勇敢地逃離鯊魚群的故事。1.A.boatsB.sharksC.soldiersD.animals2.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while3.A.foodB.hungerC.angerD.wish4.A.fearB.tasteC.drinkD.smell5.A.sandB.floorC.fleshD.meat6.A.stopB.keepC.joinD.cause7.A.pulledB.wrappedC.connectedD.caught8.A.rollingB.racingC.swimmingD.jumping9.A.drivingB.scaringC.preventingD.leading10.A.seaB.shoreC.islandD.ship11.A.ButB.WhereC.UnlessD.When12.A.goingB.runningC.cuttingD.flying13.A.forwardB.backwardC.upwardD.downward14.A.cryB.breatheC.shoutD.escape15.A.hisfeetB.astickC.hisfingersD.theshirt16.A.interestedB.frightenedC.disappointedD.excited17.A.bloodB.seawaterC.stonesD.shells18.A.livelyB.aliveC.deadD.friendly19.A.onB.byC.toD.with20.A.asthoughB.eventhoughC.assoonasD.aslongas答案：1.解析：B由下文可知，JohnPerry想讓鯊魚游到海里，以便自己下水游到岸上去。下文中的sharks也是信息提示2.解析：A他要在鯊魚看到他之前游上岸。before表示“在……以前”。3.解析：B根據(jù)上句他看到鯊魚在翻滾玩耍可知，鯊魚現(xiàn)在已不再饑餓。4.解析：D根據(jù)常識，鯊魚可以聞到血腥味，應(yīng)選smell。下文中的“Thesharkssmelledtheblood”也是信息提示。5.解析：CJohnPerry將刀割進肉里以便流出血來，排除A、B兩項；meat指“(供食用的)肉”；flesh可以指“(人或動物的)肉”，故選C項。6.解析：A根據(jù)常識及空后的“theflowofblood”可知，JohnPerry給自己止血。7.解析：AJohnPerry把染了血的襯衫扔到水里，用布條拉著。pull意為“拉”，符合語境。8.解析：B根據(jù)下文中的“thesharksracedafterit”可知，B項符合題意。race“(使)快速移動，快速運轉(zhuǎn)”。9.解析：DJohnPerry引著鯊魚游離海岸。lead“帶路，領(lǐng)路”。10.解析：B他扔下布條，盡可能快地跑向海岸。11.解析：D當(dāng)JohnPerry游了一半時，他轉(zhuǎn)過身向后看。12.解析：Ccutthrough“開辟(出路或通道)”是固定短語，表示這條鯊魚的速度之快。13.解析：A后有鯊魚追著，JohnPerry當(dāng)然是竭力向前游forward“向前”；backward“向后”；upward“向上”；downward“向下”。14.解析：B根據(jù)語境和常識可知，JohnPerry露出頭來呼吸。 15.解析：C根據(jù)空前的“Hetouchedtheshore”可知，JohnPerry用手觸摸到了海岸。16.解析：D根據(jù)常識，鯊魚因血腥味和追逐而變得興奮。17.解析：C由上文可知，鯊魚緊追JohnPerry,JohnPerry爬上了岸邊的石頭，鯊魚緊隨其后，自然撞到了石頭上。18.解析：B受了傷的鯊魚被其他鯊魚活吃了。alive“活著”，在此處作伴隨狀語，表示被吃的時候是活著的；lively“生氣勃勃的”；dead“死的”；friendly“友好的”。19.解析：Astruggleonone’sfeet“掙扎著站起來”，是固定用法。20.解析：B盡管不餓，鯊魚們?nèi)栽诔灾?。asthough“好像，仿佛”；eventhough“即使，盡管”；assoonas“一……就……”；aslongas“只要，在……的時候”。Ⅴ.短文改錯(2023·全國卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.theausingusedorandhonesthonestyhadhavethatwhere答案：(2023·全國卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeventowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethat