高中英語(yǔ)人教版本冊(cè)總復(fù)習(xí)u3p2

Unit3AHealthyLifePart1TeachingDesign第一部分教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Period2AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(Theuseof“it”<1>)IntroductionInthisperiodstudentswillbewarmingupbyfastreading,summinguptheuseofitanddoingvocabularyandgrammarexercises.Theclasswillbeendedbystudentstakingaquiz.ObjectivesTohelpstudentslearnabouttheuseofitTohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressionsTohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructuresProcedures1WarmingupbyfastreadingNicetooseeyouonthisbrightcoolmorning.Towarmuplet’sdoafastreadingofapieceoflatestnewsaboutsmokinginChina.Readforthekeyideaandsupportingdetails.Chinesesmokersburn3morecigarettesthanworldaverage中國(guó)煙民吸煙數(shù)比世界平均數(shù)多三支Source:XinhuaNewswire,2023-05-09ArecentsurveycarriedoutbyChinaHorizonResearchshowsChinesesmokersburncigarettesperday,whichisthreemorethantheworldaverage13.Thesurveyalsotellsusthenumberofmalesmokersismuchlarger.Averagemoneypaidforeachpackofcigarettesisyuan.Zhejiangsmokersarethemostlavishwiththeirhabit.Theyaveragelypaynineyuanforeachpack,whileHunansmokerspayanaverageofthreeyuanperpack.Mostsmokers'educationallevelislow.Eightypercentofthemhaveonlyreceivedahighschooleducationorlower.2.it句型大歸納1.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以由who換用。把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，留下的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整的句子，這是判斷該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還是其它從句的方法。Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.2.Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...直到……才……該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可以說(shuō)是not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that……是清楚（顯然，確切，肯定．．．）的該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that...該句型和3同屬一個(gè)句型。that后的從句中需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形（should可省去）。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned)that...據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉……）該句型中的it仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6.Itissuggested(ordered...)that...據(jù)建議；有命令……該句型同屬上。主句中的過(guò)去分詞表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等意，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形（should可省去）。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame...)that...竟然……該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形（should可省去）,表示出乎意料。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...是（正是）……的時(shí)侯了該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是①常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬．②有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省。Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...是……第一（二）次……該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中的that從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時(shí)用this替換。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10.Itissince...該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的問(wèn)題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.11.Itis...when...當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，是……該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe...before...……才……；……就……該句型主句中的it指時(shí)間,主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來(lái)一般時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)．主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。Itwasquitealongtimebeforeherealizedhismistake.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...碰巧……；看來(lái)……該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen,seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞．Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.14.Ittakessb....todosth.做……要花費(fèi)某人……該句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)，句型中的直接賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.15.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是nogood,(notanygood),nouse,(notanyuse)。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...不論（是否）……沒(méi)關(guān)系……該句型中whether(if)引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語(yǔ)。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.17.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.該句型中的不定式短語(yǔ)是真正主語(yǔ)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good（好心的）,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice（有教養(yǎng)的）,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為：sb.iskindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.該句型同上。如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示事情的重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有：①important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant等。在①中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě)，如：Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty=Thatshe(should)cometothepartyisimportant.19.Itlooks(seems)asif...看起來(lái)好象……該句型中it無(wú)意義。asif引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣．Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）Itlooksasifhewereill.（沒(méi)有生?。㊣tseemedasifheweredying.20.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.該句型中的it做形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為"6123結(jié)構(gòu)"。6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it；2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.3.DoingvocabularyandgrammarexercisesNowit’stimetodothevocabularyandgrammarexercisesonpage20&21.Writeyouranswersjustintheblanksontheverypagesof20&21.4.Closingdownbytakingaquiz高考單選題中的“it”1.Infact______isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.(2023上海)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it2.Theparkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(2023全國(guó))A.theyB.itC.oneD.which3.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwas_____?—______wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(2023京蒙皖春招)A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This4.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows______.(2023全國(guó))A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit5.Bill’saimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingonTVisillegal,_____?(2023上海)A.isn’titB.isit?C.isn’theD.ishe6.TheForeignMinistersaid,“_______ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2023北京)A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis7.—Doyoulike_____here?—Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2023全國(guó)II)A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it8.Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2023全國(guó)I)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one9.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.(2023安徽)A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since10.Itwassometime____werealizedthetruth.(2023山東)A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before