山西省大同市同煤集團云崗中學2022-2023學年高二英語期末試題含解析

山西省大同市同煤集團云崗中學2022-2023學年高二英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.

Theflowers________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.tobesmelt參考答案：B2.—Howabout______party?—Cool!Itwasreally_____greatfun!Pityyouweren'tthere． A．a;a

B．the;a

C．the;不填

D．a;不填參考答案：C3.Whatsatisfiesusisthatthepositionofthehousecombinesquietnessand________.A.convenience

B.efficiency

C.affection

D.settlement參考答案：A4.---Soyougaveheryourphone?----

,shesaidshewouldreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordone.A.Mypleasure

B.Notexactly

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright參考答案：B5.Theoryshouldbynomeansbeseparatedfrompractice.______，it'simportanttocombinetheorywithpractice.A．Asaresult

B．Bytheway

C．Tobehonest

D．Inotherwords參考答案：D6.Halfwaythroughthemeetingmymindstartedto________.A.whisper

B.wonderC.wave

D.wander參考答案：D考查動詞辨析。句意：會議進行一半時我開始走神。whisper低聲說；wonder對…感到好奇，驚奇；wave搖擺；wander走神，胡思亂想。根據(jù)題意，故選D。7.MichaelJackson,____incomparablefigureinmusic,danceandculturewaspronounceddeadbydoctorson________afternoonofJune25,2009.

A.a;the

B.an;the

C.an;∕

D.the;the

參考答案：B略8.—WasBessiebadlyhurt?—Yes,eachtimeshemovedherarm,she________acry.A.letout

B.triedout

C.tookout

D.leftout參考答案：A9.Theperformer,whohas______giftforacting,willbe______successinacoupleofyearsifproperlynursed.A.a;a B.the;a C.the;/ D.a;/參考答案：A10.Sinceyouknewit，you________usaboutitearlier.A．shouldhavetold

B．shouldtellC．wouldhavetold

D．wouldtell參考答案：A11.Sean’sstrongloveforhiscountryis______inhisrecentlypublishedpoems.A.relieved

B.reflected

C.responded

D.recovered

參考答案：B12.Themostexcitingthingforhimwashefinallysucceededinseemedtobeadifficultexamforhim.

A.that;what

B.that;which

C.what;that

D.what;which參考答案：A13.Fromthewaythekidsspendtheirmoney,theresearcherscansee

theyreallyvalueinlife. A.which

B.where

C.what

D.how參考答案：C試題分析：考查賓語從句。句意：研究人員可以看到他們在生活中真正的價值。See后面的賓語從句缺少引導詞，缺少賓語，起雙重作用，故選C。14.

Myparentsalwaysmakeme__________IcanachievemoreifItrymybest.A.believing

B.believed

C.believe

D.tobelieve參考答案：C15.Themangot_______becauseofhiscarelessdriving.

A.injured

B.injury

C.injuring

D.injure參考答案：A16.—DidyouhearthatLiHuawasrobbedduringhisrecenttriptoSouthAfrica?—Yes，notonly________hismoney，buthewasnearlykilled.A．helost

B．didhelose

C．hehadlost

D．washelost參考答案：B17.WhenwemovedtoFrance,thechildren

tothechangeverywell.A．adapted

B．applied

C．attended

D．agreed參考答案：A略18.—Weneedapersonverymuchtothinkupacreativeidea. —________thenewmanagerhaveatry?A.Must

B.Should

C.Shall

D.Need參考答案：C二、短文改錯19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Iusedtothinkvisitingmuseumswasbored.Oneday,Iwastakingtoanartmuseumthattherewereagroupofotherkids.“Nothavingfun?”theguidewhispered,watchmyface.Isighedbutfollowedthegroup.“Sincetheparentsaregone,let’sfoundsomethingspecial!”theguidesaid.Wesawapaintingofpeopleinacafeandtheguideaskedwhywaswrongwiththem.Ifoundoutthattablelegswasallmissing.Theguidepraisedmeandthensaid,“Ourbrainsplaytricksus,makingusignoresmallchanges,andthepainterjustmadeagooduseofit.”Fromthenon,Istartedtolovemuseums.參考答案：Iusedtothinkvisitingmuseumswasbored.Oneday,Iwastakingtoanartmuseumthatthere

boring taken where

wereagroupofotherkids.“Nothavingfun?”theguidewhispered,watchmyface.Isighedbut

watching

followedthegroup.“Sincetheparentsaregone,let’sfoundsomethingspecial!”theguidesaid.We

find

sawapaintingofpeopleinacafeandtheguideaskedwhywaswrongwiththem.Ifoundoutthat

what

it tablelegswasallmissing.Theguidepraisedmeandthensaid,“Ourbrainsplaytricks∧us,making

were

on/uponusignoresmallchanges,andthepainterjustmadeagooduseofit.”Fromthenon,Istartedtolove

a

museums.【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者敘述從覺得認為參觀博物館很無聊到開始愛上博物館的親身經歷?！驹斀狻?.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我以前認為參觀博物館很無聊。形容詞：boring“令人厭煩的”，通常指物；bored“感到厭煩的”，通常指人。此處指“參觀博物館”這件事，故把bored改為boring。2.考查一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。句意：有一天，我被帶到一個有一群其他的孩子的藝術博物館。此處句子主語I和謂語動詞take之間是一種被動關系，是一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故把taking改為taken。3.考查定語從句。句意：有一天，我被帶到一個有一群其他的孩子的藝術博物館。此處artmuseum是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故把that改為where。4.考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：“不開心?導游看著我的臉，低聲說。此處watch和句子主語之間是一種主動關系，是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，故把watch改為watching。5.考查不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。句意：既然父母都走了，我們找點特別的吧!固定結構：let’sdosth.“讓某人做某事”。此處是不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，故把found改為find。6.考查賓語從句。句意：我們在一家咖啡館看到一幅人物油畫，導游問它怎么了。此處動詞ask后面是賓語從句，賓語從句的引導詞既要起引導作用，又要在從句中作主語，引導詞why只能作原因狀語，故把why改為what。7.考查不定代詞賓格。句意：我們在一家咖啡館看到一幅人物油畫，導游問它怎么了。此處用it指代前面提到的apaintingofpeople，故把them改為it。8.考查主謂一致。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)桌腿都不見了。此處句子主語是legs，名詞復數(shù)，故把was改為were。9.考查固定詞組。句意：我們的大腦捉弄我們，讓我們忽略小的變化。固定詞組：playtrickson/uponsb.捉弄某人。故在tricks后加on/upon。10.考查固定詞組。固定詞組：makegooduseof。故a去掉。【點睛】表示情感的形容詞-ing和-edsurprising令人驚訝的，surprised感到驚訝；frightening令人害怕的，frightened感到害怕；moving令人感動的，moved感動；exciting令人興奮的，excited感到興奮；boring令人厭煩的，bored感到厭煩。現(xiàn)在分詞的主語通常指事物；過去分詞的主語通常指人。本題第1小題，句意：我以前認為參觀博物館很無聊。形容詞：boring“令人厭煩的”，通常指物；bored“感到厭煩的”，通常指人。此處指“參觀博物館”這件事，故把bored改為boring。三、閱讀理解20.Ifadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolvedinhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,ifthebubblesaccumulate(聚集)inajoint,issharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.

Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression(減壓)sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs(魚龍).Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthecellsinthebone,andconsequentlyweakensit,sometimestothepointofcollapse.Fossil(化石)bonesthathavecavedinonthemselvesarethusasignthattheanimaloncehadthebends.

BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonestofindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.Tothisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledtheworld’snatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheTriassicperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.

Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdecompression.Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.Morethan15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotasingleTriassicspecimen(標本)showedevidenceofthatsortofinjury.

Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.

Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescapeapredator（食肉動物）suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(獵物)aswellaspredator—andoftenhadtomakeaspeedyexitasaresult.

77.Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs______.A.evolvedananti-decompressionmeansbutsoonlostitB.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsC.diedoutbecauseoflargesharksandcrocodiles

D.failedtoevolveananti-decompressionmeans

參考答案：DCDD21.In1905,aspartofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity,AlbertEinsteinpublishedthepointthatalargeamountofenergycouldbereleasedfromasmallamountofmatter.ThiswasexpressedbyequationE=me2(energy=masstimesthespeedoflightsquared).ButbombswerenotwhatEinsteinhadinmindwhenhepublishedthisequation.In1929,hepubliclydeclaredthatifawarbrokeouthewould“refusedtodowarservice,directorindirect…”Hispositionwouldchangein1933,astheresultofAdolfHitler’scomingintopowerinGermany.Einstein’sgreatestroleintheinventionoftheatomicbombwassigningalettertoPresidentFranklinRoosevelturgingthatthebombbebuiltbecausesomephysicistsfearedthatGermanymightbeworkingonanatomicbomb.AmongthoseconcernedwerephysicistsLeoSzilardandEugeneWigner.ButSzilardandWignerhadnoinfluencewiththoseinpower.SoinJuly1939theyexplainedtheproblemtosomeonewhodid:AlbertEinstein.AftertalkingwithEinstein,inAugust1939SzilardwrotealettertoPresidentRooseveltwithEinstein’ssignatureonit,whichwasdeliveredtoRooseveltinOctober1939.GermanyhasinvadedPolandthepreviousmonth;thetimewasripeforaction.ThatOctoberresearchofa-bombbeganbutproceededslowlybecausetheinventionoftheatomicbombseemeddistantandunlikely.InApril1940anEinsteinletter,ghost-writtenbySzilard,pressedtheresearchersontheneedfor“greaterspeed”.Astherealizationofnuclearweaponsgrewnear,Einsteinlookedbeyondthecurrentwartofutureproblemsthatsuchweaponscouldbring.Hewrotetohisfriendabouthisfearaboutthefutureuseofthea-bomb.TheatomicbombingsofJapanoccurredthreemonthsafterGermanygavein.InNovember1954,fivemonthsbeforehisdeath,Einsteinsummarizedhisfeelingsabouthisroleinthecreationoftheatomicbomb:“Imadeonegreatmistakeinmylife…whenIsignedalettertoPresidentRooseveltrecommendingthatatombombsbemade;buttherewassomejustification----thedangerthattheGermanswouldmakethem”.16.WhatcanwelearnaboutSzilardandWigner?A.TheywerenotasinfluentialasEinstein.B.TheywereresponsiblefortheinventionofnuclearweaponsC.TheyhadcheatedtheirfriendAlbertEinstein.D.Theyhadanintentiontodestroytheworld.17.Einsteinrealizedhismistakeof___________.A.co-operatingwithhisworkmates

B.inventingtheatomicbombC.publishinghisequation

D.sig