第一部分必修5Unit1

第一部分基礎(chǔ)考點聚焦必修5

MagicPowerofPoliteWords

Weoftenusemagicwordsinourdailylifewithoutrealizingit.Thesemagicwords,forinstance,“please”,“thankyou”and“sorry”,canaddmagictoourlife.

Magicwordscanhelpbuildupfriendship.Theymakeyoumorepoliteandeasiertogetalongwith,thusstrengtheningtherelationshipbetweenyouandothers.

Onceyouoffendsomeoneelse,youcanaswellusethesewords.Awordsuchas“sorry”willmakehimlessannoyed.

Tryusingpolitewordsnowandthen.Onceyoudo,youwillfindyourselfwelcomedbyothers.Youusepolitewords,andinreturn,thesewordswillprovideyouwithmagicpower.1．AngLee’snewfilmLife

of

PiisbasedonafantasyadventurenovelbyYannMartel________(publish)in2001.published2．Childrenabove16areencouragedtotakepartintheseactivitiesspecially_____________(desighn)forthem.designed3．Thejoblessrateremains________(stick)at9.6percent，andthepresidentsaysmoreworkisneeded.stuck4．IwonderwhyAnndidn’tget________(offer)thejob.Sheistherightpersonforit.offered5.Aspecialdance________(call)horsedancebecomessohotthatmanyfamouspeoplecan’thelpcopyingthat.called1．_______vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n.失敗2．_______

vt.

照顧；護理

；出席；參加3．_______

vt.

暴露；揭露；使曝光4．_______

n．治愈；痊愈vt.

治愈；治療5．___________

n.挑戰(zhàn)vt.

向……挑戰(zhàn)6．_________

vt.

吸收；吸引；使專心7．___________

vt.

認為；懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯8．_________

vt.

責備；譴責n.過失；責備defeatattend

expose

curechallengeabsorbsuspectblame9．_________

n. 柄；把手vt.

處理；操縱10．_________

adj.

小心的；謹慎的11．_______

vt.&n. 連接；聯(lián)系12．___________

vt.&vi.

結(jié)束；推斷出conclusionn. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束13．_________

vt.

污染；弄臟pollutionn. 污染14．___________

vt.

宣布；通告announcementn. 通知；宣告handlecautiouslinkconcludepolluteannounce15．_________

vt.

命令；指示；教導instructionn. 教授；傳授instructionsn. 用法；說明；操作指南16．_________

vt.

建設(shè)；修建constructionn. 建設(shè)；建筑物17．___________

vt.&vi.

捐獻；貢獻；捐助contributionn. 貢獻18．_________

vt.

拒絕；不接受；拋棄rejectionn. 拒絕；拋棄instruct

construct

contributerejectⅠ.品句填詞1．Thewriterwasso____________(專心于)inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticeJimentertheroom.2．Aftereightyearsoffighting，theChinesepeoplefinally____________(打敗)theJapaneseenemies.3．Mr.Green____________(宣布)tohisfriendshisengagementtoMissWhite.absorbeddefeatedannounced4．FindingacureforAIDSisoneofthegreatest___________(挑戰(zhàn))doctorsarefacingtoday.5．ItisnoneofyourbusinesswhetherIacceptthemor____________(拒絕)them.6．Thoughsocietyisdevelopingfast，thereisstillno____________(治愈)methodforsuchadisease.7．Theyhavetheconfidenceandabilityto___________(處理)theimportantmatterwell.8．Manyretiredpeoplecanstill____________(貢獻)tothesocietywiththeirrichexperience.challengesrejectcurehandlecontribute[易混辨析]defeat，beat，windefeat/beatdefeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語為“人”或“一個團體”，?？苫Q。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中。winwin后接sth.，表示在較強的競爭中取得了勝利，賓語多用game，war，prize等詞，不能是人；win也可用作不及物動詞，表示“贏，獲勝”。[巧思妙解]

用defeat，beat，win填空(1)Havingbeen________twicethisyear,wewon’tgiveitup.(2)Nodifficultycould_____________thisbravemansinceheissoconfidentandcapable.(3)Hewassonervousthathecouldfeelhisheart___________faster.(4)Whodoyouthinkwill____thebeautycontest?defeateddefeat/beatbeating

win①Eatingtoomuchfatcan__________________________andcausehighbloodpressure.攝入太多的脂肪會導致心臟病和高血壓的發(fā)生。②I’msureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto__________________.我相信你的建議一定有助于問題的解決.③Thegovernmentshouldhonortheengineerforthecontributionhehasmadetothecity’sdevelopment.政府應為那個工程師對這座城市的發(fā)展所作出的貢獻給予他榮譽。solving

the

problemcontributetoheartdisease3．Itwastheboy，ratherthanhisteachers，that________forwhattheboyhaddone.A．weretoblame B．weretoblamedC．wastoblame D．wastobeblamed解析：betoblame表示“應該受責備”，從結(jié)構(gòu)分析主語應當為theboy，因此選C。C4．Shewasso________inherjobthatshedidn’thearanybodyknockingatthedooratall.A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．a(chǎn)bsorbedC．drawn D．devoted解析：句意：她如此專注于工作，以至于完全沒有聽到有人在敲門。beabsorbedin/bedevotedto...“專心致力于……，全神貫注于……”。BⅢ.contribute題組訓練1．Thecharityorganizationmanypeoplecontributemoneyto________tosupportalotofhomelesschildrenwithfoodandshelters.A．helping B．helpC．helps D．havehelped解析：manypeoplecontributemoneyto是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞Thecharityorganization，省去了關(guān)系代詞that或which，helps在句中作謂語動詞。C2．Mostofthepeoplepresentatthemeetingthinkpoorlyoftheproposal，whichtheythinkwill________theworseningoftheenvironment.A．a(chǎn)daptto B．refertoC．subscribetoD．contributeto解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：大多數(shù)與會者都不看好這一提議，他們認為它會導致環(huán)境的惡化。contributeto“是……的原因之一”，符合句意。D3．Overuseofcomputerswill________tothefailureofoureyesight，whichisawarningtousall.A．contributeB．turnC．devoteD．a(chǎn)djust解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：過度使用計算機會使我們的視力下降，這是對我們大家的一個警告。contributeto“促成，造成”，是固定搭配，符合句意。4．Chineseusethemostplasticbags，which___________________________(對……有重大貢獻)tothe“whitepollution”．Amakesagreatcontribution1．___________

提出2．_________________

得出結(jié)論3．_____________

使顯露；暴露4．_______________

將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來5．_____________

除……之外；此外6．_____________

講得通；有意義7．___________

調(diào)查；研究8．_________

導致9．_________

有時10．_____________

反對11．_______________

對……嚴格的12．_______________

應受責備put

forwarddraw

a

conclusion

expose...tolink...to...

apart

from

make

senselook

into

lead

to

at

times

be

against(be)

strict

with...

be

to

blame1．Theplan________________bytheoldprofessorwaswellworthconsidering.2．—________________busyschoolwork，thechildrenalsohavetotakearts，musicandsportsclassesintheirfreetime.—Iwonderwhattheywillbecome.putforwardApartfrom3._________________sunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.Being

exposed

to3．Itisobviousthatlungcancer________________heavysmoking.4．Thissentencejustdoesn’t________________，nomatterhowyoureadit.5．ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayIsawthings,expressedideas，and________________theworld.6．ThebossofMicrosoft________________thestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.islinkedtomakesensemadesenseofisstrictwith[一詞多義]寫出下列句中putforward的含義(1)Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyane-dictionary._____(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition，therefore，I’llputhimforwardasacandidate._____(3)Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardbytenminutes.____(4)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek._____提出推薦撥快提前putaside節(jié)??；儲蓄；儲存；留出putaway 放好；積蓄putoff 延期，推遲putout 熄滅；生產(chǎn)putup 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿putupwith 容忍；忍受putthrough 接通電話；完成；使經(jīng)受Icanputupwiththehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit’snotclean.我可以忍受房間亂點兒，但我討厭它不干凈。1．(2013·高考新課標全國卷Ⅰ)Atthelastmoment，Tomdecidedto________anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A．putup

B．putinC．putonD．putoff解析：句意：在最后一刻，湯姆決定增加一個新人物，以使故事更可信。A:建造；B：把……寫進;C：上演；D.推遲。故答案為B項。B2．(2012·高考新課標全國卷)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan________almosteverywordherteachersays.A．putout B．putdownC．putaway D．puttogether解析:考查動詞短語辨析。后句句意:她幾乎能把老師說的每句話都記下來。putdown“寫下；記下”,符合語境。B3．Consideringyourincome，youshouldbeableto________atleasttwentydollarsaweek.A．putforward B．putinC．putdown D．putaside解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：就你的收入而言，你每個星期至少應該存20美元。putforward“提出，向前撥”；putin“安裝，插入”；putdown“鎮(zhèn)壓，記下”；putaside“儲存”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。D(1)makesenseof

理解，明白makenosense 沒道理，沒意義(2)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做……沒道理inasense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說innosense 決不①Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前致力解決這個問題，這么做是明智的。②Planningsofarahead_________________—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前這么久做計劃沒有意義——到第二年許多事情都會發(fā)生變化。③Innosense___________liestoyourfamily.你決不可向家人撒謊。④AsfarasI’mconcerned，thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，現(xiàn)在為這事苦惱是沒有意義的。makes

no

sensedo

you

tell4．Whatshereferredtowassoconfusingthattheycouldhardlymakeany________ofit.A．message B．informationC．understanding D．sense解析：句意：她所講的話如此令人費解,以至于他們搞不明白她是什么意思。makesenseof“理解;搞清……的意思”。D5．Davidwon’tgetlost—hehasagood________ofdirection.A．feelingB．ideaC．experienceD．sense解析：agoodsenseofdirection很好的方向感。句意：大衛(wèi)不會迷路的——他有很好的方向感。D1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解對它的治療。[解讀]

neither...nor...既不……也不……。[仿寫]老師和其他學生都不相信他解釋的遲到的原因。______________________________believedthereasonheexplainedforbeinglate.Neither

teacher

nor

other

studentsneither...nor...“既不……也不……”，連接句中兩個相同成分，連接主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則。①Youhaveneitherregret，norshame，noranysenseofguilt.你沒有遺憾，也沒有慚愧，也沒有任何罪惡感。②Tobehonest，Ihave_____________________fortheball.誠實地說，我既沒有時間也沒有錢參加舞會。③Neitherthefathernorthechildren____interestedinthefilm.父親和孩子們對這部電影都不感興趣。④Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctor_______________thepatients.護士和醫(yī)生都對病人非常和藹。⑤Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents____toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名學生應該出席明天的會議。neither

time

nor

moneyis

very

kind

toisare2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆發(fā)霍亂時就有成千上萬驚恐的人病死。[解讀]

everytime每次，作連詞用，引導時間狀語從句。[仿寫]每次我聽到這首歌，它都會使我想起與祖母在一起的幸福時光。________________________，itmakesmethinkofthehappydayswhenIwaswithGranny.Every

time

I

hear

this

song(1)everytime引導時間狀語從句，相當于whenever，表示“每當……”。(2)名詞詞組作連詞用，引導時間狀語從句的還有：eachtime

每當……時候nexttime 下次……時the＋序數(shù)詞＋time 第……次the＋瞬間名詞(moment/minute/instant)

一……就……①NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail，Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisements.現(xiàn)在好像每次我查郵件，我都會收到大量的廣告。②Everytime/Eachtimetheymet，theywouldtalklonghourstogether.他們每次見面都會談論很長時間。③NexttimeyoucometoBeijing，besuretoletmeknowinadvance.下次你來北京，務必要提前告訴我。④_____________Isawhim，Iknewwhathadhappened.見到他的那一刻，我就知道發(fā)生了什么事。The

moment【溫馨提示】

(1)Itisthefirsttimethat...(如果前面用is，從句動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果用was，則用過去完成時。)(2)It’s(high/about)timethat...(從句動詞用過去時或should＋動詞原形)⑤ItisthefirsttimethatI_____________theGreatWall.這是我第一次參觀長城。⑥Itishightimethatwe_________Beijing.到我們出發(fā)去北京的時間了。have

visitedleft

for3．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能講得通。[解讀]

“only＋狀語”位于句首時后面主句需用部分倒裝。[仿寫]生活就是一個挑戰(zhàn)，只有當我們學會面對挑戰(zhàn)時，我們才會實現(xiàn)目標。Lifeisachallenge，onlywhenwelearntofaceit___________________________.can

we

achieve

our

aims4．Awoman，whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch