2023年職稱英語衛(wèi)生A考點版最完整版

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ｏxｙgeｎ，＂ｓaysＭichaelＮilｓｓon，ｐrofesｓｏrａt(yī)ｔheＳａhｌgrenskａAｃadｅｍyandchｉefphysicianａt(yī)theSahｌgreｎskaUniｖersiｔyHospital.“Thismａybeonｅoｆtｈereａsons

wｈy

wecaｎseeａclｅaｒｌinkwｉthfitnｅss，butｎotwitｈmｕｓcular

ｓtrength．Weareａlsoｓeeingthattheｒeａrｅgroｗthfaｃtorsthａt(yī)arｅｉｍpｏrtａnt．”Byanalysingdaｔaｆortwｉnｓ,tｈｅreseａｒchersｈavebeen

abｌe

tｏdｅｔeｒｍｉneｔhatitiｓprimarilyeｎｖiroｎｍｅｎｔaｌfａｃtorsａndnoｔgeｎesｔｈatｅｘｐlａinｔhelinkｂｅtweenｆiｔｎessanda

higher

IＱ.“Wｅhａveａlsoshownｔhatthoｓeyoｕngｓｔerswho

imｐｒove

theirphysicalfitnessbｅtwｅentｈeagesof15anｄ１８inｃreaseｔheｉrcｏgnitivepeｒfｏｒmaｎce，”saysＭａfiａAｂerg，ｒｅｓｅarｃherattheSaｈlgreｎｓkaAcaｄｅmyａｎdphyｓicianaｔＡbyｈｅalｔhｃentre．“Thｉsbeｉngｔhecase

,pｈysicａleｄucａt(yī)ion

isasubjecｔthａt(yī)hasaｎimpｏrtantpｌaｃｅinｓchｏｏls，ａｎdiｓaｎaｂsolutemustｉfwewanttoｄｏｗellinmathsａnｄotｈertheoｒetｉｃalsubjｅcts."Ｔhｅｒｅsｅaｒchershaveａlsocoｍparedtherｅsulｔsfromfitneｓstests

dｕring?nationalsｅrｖiｃewiththeｓｏcio－ｅcｏｎoｍicｓtａt(yī)uｓofｔhemenlaｔerin

lｉfｅ.Thosｅｗhowｅrefitat18weremorｅliｋelytｏgoinｔohighｅr

eｄｕｃaｔioｎ，andmanｙsecurｅdmorｅqｕalifｉedjobs.＋第十一篇１1MigrａntWｏrｋerｓＩntｈepasｔtwｅnｔyyeaｒs,thｅrehasbeenａnincreasingtｅnｄencｙforworｋerｓｔomovefromoｎecｏunｔrytｏanotheｒ．Wｈilesｏｍｅnewｌyindepeｎdenｔｃountｒｉeshaveuｎdeｒstandablyreｓtｒicｔedｍostjobstolocalpeople,othｅrｓｈａｖｅａt(yī)traｃtedanｄｗelcomedmｉgrantwoｒkeｒs.TｈｉｓispａrticulaｒlｙthecasｅintheMｉｄｄｌeＥast,１ｗheｒｅｉｎcreaｓedoｉlｉncoｍesｈaｖｅｅnabledmanyｃountriesｔｏcａllｉnoutsiｄｅｒstoｉｍprｏveｌｏcalfaciｌｉｔｉes．ThuｓthｅMｉddleEasthaｓattractedoil-ｗorkerｓfrｏmｔheUSAandEurope．Ithasbrouｇhｔiｎcoｎstrｕctiｏnwｏrｋersａndtechnｉciａnsfromｍａnｙcoｕｎtrｉes,ｉｎcｌudｉngSoｕthＫorｅａanｄJａpan.ＩnｖｉewoｆthedｉｆficuｌｔｌivinｇandworkingconditiｏｎsinｔｈeMiｄｄleEast,2ｉtisnotsurｐriｓiｎｇthａｔtｈepayishｉghtｏaｔtraｃtｓｕitaｂlｅwｏｒｋerｓ.ManyeｎgineeｒsａndteｃｈnicianscanearnatlｅaｓttwiceasmuｃｈmoｎｅyｉｎｔｈeMｉｄdleEastastheｙcａnｉｎtｈeirｏwｎcouｎtry,andthiｓｉsａmaｊorattrａｃtｉｏｎ.Anaｌliedbenefiｔｉｓｔhelowtaxatioｎorｃompletelａcｋｏfｉt.3Thiｓｉncrｅaｓesthｅnｅtamountoｆｐａyreceｉvｅdbyvisitｉngworkersandisvｅryｐｏｐｕlａrｗｉtｈtｈem.Ｓｏmetimesadiｓａdvantagehａｓａcｏｍpenｓatiｎgaｄvanｔage．Ｆoreｘaｍple,ｔｈedifficultｌｉvingcondiｔionsoftenleadtｏincreａsｅdfｒｉendshipwhenｗorkerｓhaveｔodｅpeｎｄoneａchotｈｅrｆoｒsafetyandｃomfｏｒt．Inaｓimiｌａrｗaｙ,ｍａnymigrantworｋerｓcaｎsavelargesuｍsｏfmonｅypartlｙｂｅcauseｏftheｌackofeｎteｒtaｉnmentｆaｃiliｔiｅｓ.Theworkiｓｏftｅncｏmｐlexandｆuｌｌofproｂlｅmｓbutthismerelｙpresentsgｒeaｔｅｒcｈallｅngetoenｇineeｒswhoprefeｒtofiｎdsolutioｎstoprobleｍsratherthandoroutｉnewｏｒkintheirhoｍｅｃountry．OnemajoｒｐrobｌemwｈichaffectｓmiｇranｔworｋersintｈｅＭiddleＥasｔisｔｈａt(yī)tｈｅirｊｏｂsarｅtemｐoｒａrｙoｎes.Tｈeｙareneａrｌyalwaysｏncｏｎtract,ｓｏitiｓnoteａsｙfｏｒthemtoplaｎaｈeadwｉtｈgreatcｏｎｆideｎce.Thisistobeｅxｐｅcteｄsincｅnocoｕntrywelcoｍesalargｅｎumbｅｒoｆforeｉｇnｗorｋeｒsasperｍａneｎｔresidents.Iｎanyｃase,migｒantwoｒkｅｒsacceｐｔthｉsｄisaｄvａntage,aｌｏngwiｔhｏthｅrs,ｂeｃauseoftｈeconsiderａｂlefｉnancialbｅnｅfitswhicｈtheyreｃeive.+第十二篇DrｅamｓEｖｅrｙoｎｅcａndrｅam.Indｅed，everｙｏｎedｏesdream.Thoseｗｈoclaｉｍthattｈeyneverdreaｍaｔaｌlactuａｌlｙdrｅamjｕsｔasｆｒeｑueｎｔlyastｈerestofｕｓ,thｏughtheymayｎotremembeｒaｎythｉngaboutit.Ｅvenｔhoseｏfｕｓwhｏarｅｐerfectlyａwarｅofdｒeamingniｇhtａｆteｒｎiｇhtverｙsｅｌdomremembｅrthosｅdｒeamｓiｎｇｒeaｔdeｔaiｌbｕtｍｅrｅlyretａinaｎuｎtiｄymixtｕreｏｆsｅｅmｉｎglｙuｎrelaｔedｉmpreｓｓions.Dreamｓareｎoｔｓimpｌyvisuaｌ-ｗedｒeaｍwｉtｈallourseｎses，soｔhａt(yī)ｗｅaｐpeａrtoexpeｒiｅncesｏund，touｃｈ，smｅll,aｎｄtaｓtｅ.Onｅoｆtheworld＇soldｅsｔknoｗｎｗrittendｏcuｍentsｉsｔhｅＥgyptianBooｋofDreａms.Tｈｉsvolｕmeisabｏutfｉｖｅtｈoｕsandyｅarsold,sｏyoucanseethatdreamswerebeｌｉevedtoｈaｖeaspｅｃｉalｓｉgｎifiｃaｎceeventｈen.Ｍanyaｎcieｎtciｖiliｚatｉoｎsbｅｌieｖedｔhatyｏushoｕldnｅｖeraskaｓleepｉngperｓonaｓ,durｉngsleep,theｓｏulhadｌeftｔｈeｂodｙａnｄmigｈｔｎoｔbeａｂｌetoretuｒnintｉｍeifｔhesleｅperweresudｄｅnlyawｏkｅn.Froｍａncieｎｔtimｅｓｔothｅｐｒeseｎtday,pｅoｐｌehａvebeeｎmaｋｉngattｅmpｔstoinｔerpretdreaｍｓaｎdtoexplａintheirｓignｉfiｃancｅ.Thｅreａremanyｂｏoksavａilablｅonthesｕbjｅctoｆdｒeａｍｉｎterｐretatioｎ.aｌtｈｏughunfｏrtｕｎａt(yī)elythereareａlmｏstasmanｙmeａningsｆoｒaｐarticulaｒdrｅamastheｒｅareboｏks．+第十三篇ＳcｉｅntｉｓtｓDｅveｌopWａysofＤetectingHeartAttａckGerｍaｎresearcherｓｈaｖecomｅupwithanewgeｎeｒatiｏｎoｆdefibrilｌaｔorsandearly-ｗarnｉngｓoftwａreaimedaｔoffｅrinｇｈeaｒtpatｉeｎtｓgreaｔeｒproｔectionfｒomsuddendeａｔhfromcardiacａrreｓt.InGeｒｍaｎｙalonearound100,000pｅopleｄieannｕalｌyａsareｓｕlｔｏfcａrdiａｃarresｔandｍａnｙoｆｔhesｅｃａsesａｒｅcausｅdbydisｒupｔｉｏｎｔothｅｈｅaｒt’ｓｒhythm．Ｔhosemostaｔrisｋaｒeｐaｔiｅntswhohaveaｌrｅadｙsuffeｒedaｈeaｒtattａck，andfｏryearｓｔheｕseofｄefｉbrillａt(yī)oｒshaspｒｏveduｓefulindｉagnｏsｉngliｆｅ-tｈreaｔenｉngｄｉsｒuｐtionｔohｅartｒnythmsａｎdcｏrｒecｔingthemautomatiｃallybyinterｖeniｎｇwiｔhinｓｅｃonｄs．Thｅsｅdｅｖｉｃestakeｏnaｒangeoffunctioｎs，suchａｓtｈaｔofpacｅmakｅr．ＨeaｒtspeciaｌistsatFrｅiburｇ’sUnivｅｒsityCliｎiｃｈavenｏwachievedａbrｅakthroughwitｈanimｐlanｔｅddefibrｉllａt(yī)ｏrcａpａbｌeofｇeneｒatingasｉｘ-chaｎnelｅleｃｔrocａrdioｇｒam（ECＧ)ｗiｔｈinthebody.Ｔhiｓinteｇraｔeｄsystemａllowseaｒlydiagnoｓisoｆacｕteblood-flowprobleｍｓandapendｉngｈeartatｔack.Itwｉlｌbeimｐｌaｎteｄiｎpatieｎtsfortｈefirｓttｉｍethisyear.Mｅａnwhilｅ,reｓearcｈｅｒsattｈeFrａunhｏferInsｔitutefｏrApplieｄMａｔhematicsinＫaｉsｅrｓlａｕｔｅrnhａｖedｅｖｅｌopｅｄnewcomputerｓoftwarethａｔｒｅndｅrｓofECGｄatamorｅｐrecise.TｈｅoｖerｗhelmiｎｇmaｊｏriｔyofpatｉentsatriskｗilｌnoｔhａvｅanｉmｐlａｎteddeｆiｂrillaｔorandｍustforｔhisｒeasoｎundergorｅｇulａrＥCＧs.“Ｍａｎｙofthｅcurreｎtpｒoｇｒamsｏｎlygeｔintｏaccounｔalinearcorreｌatioｎofthedata.Ｗeaｒｅ，however，makｉnｇuｓeｉnanon-lｉneａｒｐroｃesｓthatreveaｌsthechaoticｐatternsofheartbeａt(yī)sasaｎopｅｎandcoｍpleｘsｙstem,”HagenKnaｆsays,“Ｉntｈisｗａychangesｉntｈｅheartbｅａt(yī)sovｅrtimｅcanbeｍonitoredａｎdiｎdividuａlｖａrｉationsｉｎｐatienｔstakｅｎiｎtｏaｃcoｕnt.”ＡnoldstudyｏfＥCGdata,basｅdｕpoｎ600patiｅntswhohadsuｆferedasuｂｓequｅｎtｈeartａt(yī)ｔaｃk,eｎａbｌedｔhｅrｅsｅarchｅrstocompａｒeｒisｋsａｎdｔoshｏｗｔhatthｅnｅwsoｆtwａrｅevalu