四川省德陽(yáng)市2020屆高三一診英語(yǔ)試題含Word版含解析

文檔來(lái)源為 文檔來(lái)源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持文檔來(lái)源為 文檔來(lái)源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持四川省德陽(yáng)市高中2018屆“一診”考試英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：本試卷分第i卷（選擇題）和第n卷（非選擇題）兩部分，全卷150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上指定的位置。全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第I卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Whatdidthemanwantatfirst?Eggsalad.Aneggsaladsandwich.Anegg-and-cheesesandwich.Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?Hewenttoaparty.Hewenttothebeach.Helookedafterhissister.Whatdoesthewomanneed?Apen.Apencil.Apencilsharpener.Wherearethespeakers?Ataparty.Atthelaundry.Atarestaurant.Whoarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’ssister.B.Theman’schildren.C.Thewoman’shusband.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中做給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第 6、7題。Howmanyhourswillthespeakersspendattheairport?Halfanhour.Oneandahalfhours.Twohours.Whatdoesthemansuggest?Theyshouldn’tcheckanybags.Theyshouldgettotheairportearly.Theyshouldeatbeforeheadingtotheairport.聽第7段材料，回答第 8、9題。Whyisthewomansellingthebike?Shegotabrandnewone.Itisinpoorcondition.Shehasnoroomforit.Howmuchdoesthemanwanttopay?$80.$90.$100.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12小題。Wherearethespeakerstalking?Ontheradio.Onthephone.Inashoppingmall.Whatcolorswimmingsuitdoesthewomanorder?Blue.Black.White.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthepoolshoes?$22.$16.$9.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。Whatkindofjobdidthemanhavebefore?Hebuiltwebsites.Hetrainedelephants.Hesoldbicycles.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?InBombay.InSanDiego.InNewYorkCity.Whydidthemanmove?Helosthisjob.Hetriedtofindabetterhospital.Hewantedtobeclosertohismother.Whatwillthewomandolatertoday?Interviewsomeoneelse.Waitforaphonecall.Hiretheman.聽第10段材料，回答第 17至20題。Whatdidthemousetellthelion?Hewouldneverbotherthelionagain.Hewouldgivethelionsomethingtoeat.skindness.Hewouldalwaysrememberthelionskindness.Aftertyingupthelion,whatdidthehunterdo?Hewenttothezoo.Hewenttolookforatruck.Hecaughtanotheranimal.Howdidthemousehelpthelion?Heuntiedthelion.Heatethroughthelion’srope.Hecutthroughtheropeswithaknife.Whatisthemainlessonofthisstory?Peopleshouldprotectanimals.Helpingothersmakesusfeelgood.Helpcancomefromunexpectedplaces.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（ A、B、CD）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Whenitcomestobucket-list（遺愿清單）adventures,swimmingwithsharksisnearthetopforalotofadrenalinejunkies.Manyoftheadventuresonthelistrequirescubadiving,butatsomelocations,evennon-diverswithadesiretogetupcloseandpersonalwiththetopofthefoodchaincanjumpinandfacetheirfears.BahamasIdon'twanttoscarethenon-sharkloversawayfromthebeautyoftheBahamas,buttherearesharksoutthere.Fromleastscarytothemost,here'swheretogetyourBahamiansharkfix.CompassCayMarinaishometoalargenumberofwell-fed,friendlynursesharks.Incaseyoudon'tknowit,anursesharkismorelikeagiantcatfishthanagreatwhite.Youcanwalkrightintotheshallowwaternearthefish-cleaningstationandpetthesegentleguys.StuartCove'sinNassauhasbeendoingsharkdivessafelyfordecades.Caribbeanreefsharksfeedonfish-on-a-stickasdiverskneelinthesandinawe.Reefsharksaresomeoftheleastaggressivespeciesofshark.Asyourfearsubsidesandyoucravemoresharksandmoreexcitement,checkoutthefolksatJimAbernethy'sScubaAdventuresinFortLauderdale.Theyoperatelive-aboarddiveboatswithregularlyscheduledsharktripsintheBahamas.Expecttoseetigersandhammerheads,aswellastheCaribbeanreefsharks.HawaiiThereareseveralsharkspeciesinthePacificwaterssurroundingtheHawaiianIslands.Sightingsoftigers,hammerheads,blues,andevengreatwhitesarenotallthatuncommon.AndWhilediverscanexpecttoseetheseguysalmostanywherewhiledivinginHawaii,theOahu'sNorthShoreistheplacetobeforcagediving.HawaiiSharkEncounterstakessharkeducationseriouslyandstrivestoeducatecustomersabouttheneedforsharkconservationwhileprovidingathrillingswimwithsharksinsidethesafetyofacage.Nodivingskillsarerequired －justbringyourcourage.FijiScubadivinginFijiisadefinitebucket-listadventureformanydivers －andthefishmanyhopetoseemostisshark.BeqaAdventureDiverscanmakethathappenforyou.SharksareprotectedintheSharkReefMarineReserve,sonoworriesaboutquestionablepractices.Thisisanuncageddive,butperthecompany'swebsite,itisacarefullymanagedfeed,whereparticipantsobserve,butdonotinteract（互動(dòng)）withthesharks.GuadalupeIslandHometoalargepopulationofgreatwhites,thewatersofftheMexico'sBajacoast,attractdiverswillingtobravecoldPacificwatersforsometimeinacagewatchingthetopfishoftheocean.NautilusLiveAboardsoperatessix-dayadventuresfromJulytoNovemberusingsubmersible（能在水下操作的）cagesthatdescendtoabout9metersforabetter文檔來(lái)源為 文檔來(lái)源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.opportunitytoobservethesharks.YoumeettheexpeditioninSanDiego,motortoEnsenada,cruisetoGuadalupe,thenspendthreefulldaysinthecageswatchingthepredators.Non-diversareallowed,asairissuppliedbyhoses attachedtotheboat,butaminimumofaDiscoverScubacourseisrecommended.1.Howmanykindsofsharksarementionedinthispassage?Three.Four.Five.Six.Accordingtothepassage,wherecanyouinteractwithsharks?InBahamas.InHawaii.InFiji.InGuadalupeIsland.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.greatwhitescanbeseenmostlyinBahamascageddivingissaferthanuncageddivingtigersaremoredangerousthanreefsharksskillsaswellascourageareneededforcagedivinginHawaii【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】文章介紹了幾個(gè)和鯊魚冒險(xiǎn)潛水的地方和每個(gè)地方的特點(diǎn)。D2田節(jié)推理題。文中提至U了nursesharks,Caribbeanreefsharks,Sightingsoftigers,greatwhites,hammerheads,blues等6種鯊魚，故選D.A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Bahamas中Youcanwalkrightintotheshallowwaternearthefish-cleaningstationandpetthesegentleguys. 可知在這里可以直接走進(jìn)淺水里，撫摸這些溫柔的鯊魚，可以和鯊魚親密接觸。故選A.C細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)Bahamas中Reefsharksaresomeoftheleastaggressivespeciesofshark.可知Reefsharks是最不具攻擊性的鯊魚種類之一， C正確。故選C.【名師點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解題中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點(diǎn)是：對(duì)文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實(shí)的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介紹了幾個(gè)和鯊魚冒險(xiǎn)潛水的地方和每個(gè)地方的特點(diǎn)。按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織^式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)；將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容， 直至找到答案。如小題2根據(jù)Bahamas中Youcanwalkrightintotheshallowwaternearthefish-cleaningstationandpetthesegentleguys.可知在這里可以直接走進(jìn)淺水里，撫摸這些溫柔的鯊魚，可以和鯊魚親密接觸。小題3根據(jù)Bahamas中CompassCayMarinaishometoalargenumberofwell-fed,friendlynursesharks.可知Bahamas最多白是nursesharks,A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Hawaii中whileprovidingathrillingswimwithsharksinsidethesafetyofacage. 和Fiji中Thisisanuncageddive,butperthecompany'swebsite,itisacarefullymanagedfeed,whereparticipantsobserve,butdonotinteract（互動(dòng)）withthesharks.可知在籠子中潛水不一定比不在籠中潛水安全， B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Bahamas中Reefsharksaresomeoftheleastaggressivespeciesofshark.可知Reefsharks是最不具攻擊性的鯊魚種類之一，C正確。根據(jù) Hawaii中Nodivingskillsarerequired －justbringyourcourage.可知在夏威夷潛水不需要技術(shù)，只需要勇氣。D錯(cuò)誤。BEverysummertheheatwasmiserable.Thissummerwasnoexception.Jamallayontheporch（門廊）,holdingaglassofsweetteatohisforehead,tryingtoabsorbsomeofthecool.Itwasearlyafternoon,andhisgrandmotherhadlaindownforherdailynap.“Jamal!Jamal!”saidLisa,tryingtogethisattention.“What?'heasked.Tmgoingtosortouttheattic（閣樓）.Wanttocome?”sheaskedcalmly.LisawastwoyearsyoungerthanJamalandwasusedtobeingblownoff.“You'recrazy,“Jamalsaid."It'sgottobe100degreesupthe re,nottomentionthatit'sdustyandfullofspidersandwhoknowswhatelse. ”“Grandmasaidthatifweseeanythingwewantupthere,wecankeepit, "saidLisa.“WhatmakesyouthinkIwantanyofthatoldjunk? ”askedJamal.“Suityourself,“saidLisa.Shewenttothebedroomtochangeintooldclothesthatcouldgetcoveredinsweat,dust,andpossiblydeadspiders.Upintheattic,LisabegantoseeJamal'spoint.Theheatinthehouseroseupwards,onlytobetrappedinthesmallattic.Everythingwascoveredinafinelayerofdust…AsLisabegangoingthroughtheboxes,sherealizedthatnoonehadtouchedthemforyears.Afteracoupleofhours,Lisa'sbackached,andhershirtwaswetthrough.“Lisa,honey!”sheheardhergrandmothercall."Cometakeabreakandhavesometea.”Lisawentdownstairsandtookapicturewithher. "Grandma,isthisreallyyou?"Hergrandmotherlaughed."What,youcan'tbelieveit?Yes,that'sme;thatwastakenatmyhomecomingalmostsixtyyearsago.”“Youwerebeautiful,Grandma, "saidLisaadmiringly.“You'dbesurprised,Lisa,“hergrandmotherresponded. "Adults,allofus,wereonceyoungandirresponsiblelikeyou.”"Idon'tthinkMomwaseverlikethat…"saidLisa.“Yourmother…"hergrandmother'svoicebecamelowasshecarefullychoseherwords."Whenyourfatherdiedintheservice,yourmotherwasstilljustagirlherself.Youwereababy,andJamalwasonlytwo.Shehadtogrowuprealfast. ”Lisanodded.Shefinishedhertea,thankedhergrandmother,andturnedtogobackupstairs.ssuggestionofexploringtheattic?WhatwasJamalsattitudetowardsLisassuggestionofexploringtheattic?文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.Enthusiastic.Interested.Negative.Indifferent.5.Theunderlinedexpression“Suityourself"means"”.EnjoyyourselfPleaseyourselfTakecareofyourselfHelpyourselfWhatdoesLisa'sgrandmotherprobablymeanwhenshesaysthatLisa'smother"hadtogrowuprealfast”?Lisa'smotherhadtodropoutofcollegeandstartworking.Lisa'smotherhadtobecomecarefreeandirresponsibleveryquickly.Lisa'smotherhadtobecomeresponsibleandmatureveryquickly.Lisa'smotherhadtotakeonmoreresponsibilitythanshewasabletohandle.Whichofthefollowingistheprobableendingofthestory?A.Lisafoundhermother'sloveletters.Lisafoundnothingimportantbutjunk.Lisafoundaboxofspidersandwasscaredtodeath.Lisafoundsomethingabouthermother'smiserablechildhood.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】故事講述了炎熱的夏天， Lisa清理閣樓時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西以及和外婆的對(duì)話。C推理判斷題。 A.Enthusiastic. 熱情的；B.Interested. 感興趣的；C.Negative.否定的，反對(duì)的；D.Indifferent.漠不關(guān)心的。根據(jù)"You'recrazy,"Jamalsaid."It'sgottobe100degreesupthere,nottomentionthatit 'sdustyandfullofspidersandwhoknowswhatelse."和"WhatmakesyouthinkIwantanyofthatoldjunk?可知Jamal因?yàn)殚w樓上又熱又臟，對(duì)閣樓上的東西不感興趣，所以反對(duì) Lisa清理閣樓。故選C.B猜測(cè)詞義題。 A.Enjoyyourself過(guò)得高興；B.Pleaseyourself 隨便你；C.Takecareofyourself照顧好自己；D.Helpyourself請(qǐng)自便。Lisa想讓Jamal和她一起清理閣樓，但Jamal認(rèn)為閣樓上又熱又臟不同意，所以Lisa說(shuō)隨便你，然后自己去清理?！癝uityourself”隨你便，與Pleaseyourself同義，故選B.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Whenyourfatherdiedintheservice,yourmotherwasstilljustagirlherself.Youwereababy,andJamalwasonlytwo.Shehadtogrowuprealfast.”可知丈夫死亡，兩個(gè)孩子還小，所以Lisa的媽媽必須變得負(fù)責(zé)任，成熟得很快。故選C.A推理判斷題。文章最后 Lisa和外婆談到媽媽，都認(rèn)為她非常負(fù)責(zé)任。所以隨后的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是和媽媽的愛和負(fù)責(zé)任有關(guān)，應(yīng)該是從I^樓上找到了媽媽的信。故選A.CWhatiserosion（腐蝕）？Erosionissimplywhensoilistransportedontheearth'ssurfacefromonelocationtoanotherbyanaturalcause.Thisiseasytoimagine.Pictureasandcastleonabeach.Thissandcastleisparticularlybeautiful,theworkofawholelong,hotsummerafternoon. Jt_hasthreetowers,withagreatwallrunningallaround.Smallsquarehousessitinanopenareainthecenter.FromthetallesttowerfliesaPop-sicle-wrapperflagfromasmalltwigflagpole.Itsbuildersitsback,proudlyadmiringherwork.Butitislate,andthetideiscomingin,bringingthewatercloser.Finally,thecastleishitwithagiantwave.Asitpullsout,thebuilderseesthereisnothingleftbutbitsofthetowersandasmallbrokentwig.Wherehasthesandgone?Notveryfar,really.It'smovingaroundthewaterthatwillwashbackandforthacrossthebeachallday.It'sspreadaroundthebeachnexttothecastle.However,to oureyes,ithasdisappeared.Thisisalsothewaywitherosion.Partsoftheearthseemtodisappearbuthavereallyjustbeenmovedaround.Acommonexampleofwaterchangingthelandscapeissinkholes.Sinkholesareformedwhenundergroundwaterwearsawaythedirtandrockthatsurroundsit.Eventually,theholeunderneaththegroundissobig,andtheearthaboveitsothinthatthesurfacecollapsesintothehole,takingwithitanythingunluckyenoughto文檔來(lái)源為 文檔來(lái)源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持文檔來(lái)源為 文檔來(lái)源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持beonthesurfaceatthetime.Sinkholesoccurnaturallyandhavebeenaroundaverylongtime.Today,though,manysinkholesarecausedbytheactionofhumanbeings.Infact,today,humanbeingsareoneofthethingshelpingtospeeduperosionoftheearth.Scientistsbelievethatbypumpingwaterfromunderground,movingsanddunesandothernaturally-occurringanti-erosionmeasures,humanshaveallowederosionoftheearthtospeedupbyasmuchas40times.Thismeansthatbeachesaroundtheworldaredisappearing,moresinkholesareopeningup,andfarmlandisrapidlybecomingdesert.What’stheauthor’spurposeofdescribingasandcastleinParagraph2?Toshowthedestructiveforceofnature.Torecallhishappychildhood.Tocatchthereader’sattention.Toexplainwhaterosionis.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhepassage?Thehole.Theground.Theearth.Thesurface.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanyouinfermayNOTbethecauseofsink-holes?Alotofhigh-riseshavebeenbuilt.Peoplepumpwaterfromunderground.Toomanymineshavebeenopenedup.Undergroundwatertakesawaydirtandrockaroundit.Basedonthepassage,whatismostlikelytobeoneresultoferosion?Desertificationwillspeedup.Sinkholeswillbeeverywhere.Manyplantspecieswilldisappear.Earthquakeswillhappenmoreoften.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.A【解析】作者用例子介紹了什么是侵蝕，以及人類侵蝕活動(dòng)的嚴(yán)重后果。8.D推理判斷題。第二段作者利用沙堡精美地建造和被侵蝕的過(guò)程，形象地說(shuō)明了什么是侵蝕。故選D.9.D猜測(cè)詞義題。此處指沙灘的表面上堆了3個(gè)沙塔，it指地表，故選D.10.A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第三段中的Sinkholesareformedwhenundergroundwaterwearsawaythedirtandrockthatsurroundsit. 和最后一段中的Scientistsbelievethatbypumpingwaterfromunderground,movingsanddunesandothernaturally-occurringanti-erosionmeasures,可知地下水侵蝕泥土和巖石，人類抽取地下水和開礦都是造成天坑的原因。A項(xiàng)不是，故選A.11.A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段 Thismeansthatbeachesaroundtheworldaredisappearing,moresinkholesareopeningup,andfarmlandisrapidlybecomingdesert. 可知人類侵蝕活動(dòng)造成的后果，世界各地的海灘正在消失，更多的天坑形成，農(nóng)田正在迅速變成沙漠。故選A.DHumans:It'stimetoabandonEarthorraceextinction.Itcouldbetheplotofasummerblockbuster（巨片）,butthispredictionisn'tsciencefiction.It'saglimpseofthefuture,accordingtofamousBritishscientistStephenHawking."Iseegreatdangersforthehumanrace,"hesaidinaninterviewwithglobalforumBigThink."Therehavebeenanumberoftimesinthepastwhenitssurvivalhasbeenaquestionoftouchandgo.""Ibelievethatthelong-termfutureofthehumanracemustbeinspace",hesaid."ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion."Hawking,whowasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomlastyear,hasrecentlyvoicedmanyconcernsaboutthefutureoflifeonEarth."Ifaliensvisitedus,theoutcomewouldbeasmuchaswhenColumbuslandedinAmerica,whichdidn'tturnoutwellfortheNativeAmericans,"hesaid."Suchadvancedalienswouldperhapsbecomenomads（游牧者）,lookingtoconquer（征服）andcolonizewhateverplanetstheycanreach."ButHawkingsayshe'sstillhopefulforthefutureofhumanity.HetoldBigThink,"We'vemaderemarkableprogressinthelasthundredyears.Butifwewanttocontinuebeyondthenexthundredyears,ourfutureisinspace."Gettingtoanotherplanetwillproveachallenge,nottomentioncolonizingitforhumanity.KatherineFreesefromUniversityofMichigantoldBigThinkthat"theneareststartoEarthisProximaCentauriwhichis4.2lightyearsaway.Thatmeans,ifyouweretravelingatthespeedoflightthewholetime,itwouldtake4.2yearstogetthere—orabout50,000yearsusingcurrentrocketscience."HumansareadvisedtoabandonEarthmainlybecause .alienswilltakeupourhomeplanetsoonitwasdiscussedintheforumBigThinkmanyscientistslikeHawkingconcernitmanydisasterswillhappenontheEarthThinkingaboutthefutureofhumans,Hawkingfeelsthat .humanscan'tliveontheearthanylongertheearthwillnotbehabitableforhumansotherplanetsarereadyforhumanstoreachaliensarethebiggestfuturethreattohumansWhatisthewriter'skeypointinthelastparagraph?Itisimpossibletogettoanotherplanetinspace.ItisurgentforHawkingtodevelopthespacescience.Thenearfuturecan'tseehuman'smovetoanotherplanet.TheplanetProximaCentauriisfarawayfromtheearth.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom .A.aconferenceinterviewB.asciencefictionahistorybookaforumreport【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】本文講述的是由于各種災(zāi)難和威脅，地球?qū)⒉辉龠m合生存，科學(xué)家建議放棄地球去其他星球居住。但目前還不現(xiàn)實(shí)要努力保護(hù)我們的地球。12.D細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第三段 "Iseegreatdangersforthehumanrace," 和第四段"ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion."可知未來(lái)地球會(huì)面臨許多災(zāi)難，這些災(zāi)難會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響人類生活，所以科學(xué)家們建議人類放棄地球。故選D.13.B推理判斷題。第四段 "ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion." 可知霍金認(rèn)為未來(lái)地球會(huì)面臨許多災(zāi)難，這些災(zāi)難會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響人類生活，地球不再是適合人類生存的居住地。故選B.14.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段 ifyouweretravelingatthespeedoflightthewholetime,itwouldtake4.2yearstogetthere —orabout50,000yearsusingcurrentrocketscience."可知其他星球距離地球太遠(yuǎn)，到達(dá)那里還不現(xiàn)實(shí)，短期內(nèi)不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選C.15.D推理判斷題。本文講述的是由于各種災(zāi)難和威脅，地球?qū)⒉辉龠m合生存，科學(xué)家建議放棄地球去其他星球居住。但目前還不現(xiàn)實(shí)要努力保護(hù)我們的地球。所以這類文章不屬于會(huì)議采訪，科幻小說(shuō)和歷史故事，應(yīng)該屬于論壇報(bào)告。故選D.【名師點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題的常見考查形式及解題方法：推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。此類題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。本文推理判斷題的考法：文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.1）推測(cè)文章的觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論。 小題2考查霍金對(duì)未來(lái)人類的觀點(diǎn)， 第四段"ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyears,letalonethenextthousand,ormillion." 可知霍金認(rèn)為未來(lái)地球會(huì)面臨許多災(zāi)難，這些災(zāi)難會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響人類生活，地球不再是適合人類生存的居住地。小題 3考查最后一段作者的要點(diǎn)，根據(jù)最后——段ifyouweretravelingatthespeedoflightthewholetime,itwouldtake4.2yearstogetthere-orabout50,000yearsusingcurrentrocketscience." 可知其他星球距離地球太遠(yuǎn)，到達(dá)那里還不現(xiàn)實(shí)，短期內(nèi)不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選C.2）推斷文章出處。小題4本文講述的是由于各種災(zāi)難和威脅，地球?qū)⒉辉龠m合生存，科學(xué)家建議放棄地球去其他星球居住。但目前還不現(xiàn)實(shí)要努力保護(hù)我們的地球。所以這類文章不屬于會(huì)議采訪，科幻小說(shuō)和歷史故事，應(yīng)該屬于論壇報(bào)告。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，，茜分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thereisacollectionofpositivehabitsthatmakeapersonsosuccessfulinclass.16 .Herearesomehabitsoftopstudentsthatyoucanuseastipstodobetteratschool:First,17 .Incollege,homeworkassignmentsgenerallymakeup5-20%ofyourgrade,butcanbethebiggesttime-suckformoststudents.Workingproblemsisoneofthebestwaystoturnnewconceptsintoworkingknowledge,butyou'llneverseeonanexamalargemajorityofthoseproblemsthattakeyouhoursandhourstoworkthrough.Second,theynever“readthrough"thetextbook.Pertimespent,readingthetextbookisoneoftheleasteffectivemethodsforlearningnewmaterials.18 ,butotherwiseuseGoogle,lecturenotes,andoldexamsforstudymaterials.Third,theytestthemselvesfrequently.Testingyourselfstrengthensyourbrain'sconnectionstonewmaterials. 19 .Bottomline,repeatedself-testingsignificantlyimprovelong-termmemoryofnewmaterials.Last,theystudyinshortbursts,notlongmarathons.Studyinginshortbursttendstohelpyoufocusstronglybecauseyouknowthereisatleastashortbreakcoming.20,whichmakesstudyingcontinuouslyformultiplehoursonend.Ithelpsrelaxourmind.theyalwaysfocusontheirhomeworktheydon'talwaysdoalloftheirhomeworkTopstudentsuseexamplesandpracticeproblemsThisalsofitsinnicelywithournaturalactivityorrestcycleofourbodiesItgivesyouimmediateandclearfeedbackonwhetheryouknowsomethingornotAnaccumulationofsuchhabitscancombinetoproducehigh-levelacademicperformance【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.F20.E【解析】積極的習(xí)慣能讓一個(gè)人在課堂上成功，作者介紹了尖子生的一些學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和方法。G考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講有一些積極的習(xí)慣能讓一個(gè)人在課堂上成功， G項(xiàng)：這種習(xí)慣的積累可以結(jié)合產(chǎn)生高水平的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)，說(shuō)明了其重要作用，引出下文內(nèi)容，故選G.C考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下句 Incollege,homeworkassignmentsgenerallymakeup5-20%ofyourgrade,butcanbethebiggesttime-suckformoststudents.可知大學(xué)里的作業(yè)很占用時(shí)間，根據(jù)Workingproblemsisoneofthebestwaystoturnnewconceptsintoworkingknowledge 可知要注重實(shí)踐。 C項(xiàng)說(shuō)明尖子生并不是做全部的作業(yè)，符合本段內(nèi)容，概括全段內(nèi)容。故選C.18.D考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講尖子生的學(xué)習(xí)技巧，從不通讀教科書。 D項(xiàng)：尖子生使用例子和練習(xí)，是尖子生的具體做法，與上句連接，與下句并列。故選 D.F考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講尖子生經(jīng)常測(cè)試自己，以及自測(cè)的好處。 F項(xiàng)：它會(huì)給你即時(shí)和清晰地反饋你知道的和不知道的內(nèi)容，與上句并列，都是自測(cè)的好處。故選F.E考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講尖子生擅長(zhǎng)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)，而不是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的馬拉松。下文講短時(shí)間集中精力學(xué)習(xí)的好處， E項(xiàng)：這也與我們身體的自然活動(dòng)或休息周期很吻合，符合本段內(nèi)容，故選E.第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（ A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IliveinaruralcommunityintheUnitedStates.Aruralareaisdifferentfromacitybecausethereare21people.Myhomeisdeepinavalley22bymountainsthatarerockyandcoveredintrees.23manyfarmsarelocatedinruralareasbecausetheyrequirelargeplotsoflandtogrowfoodor24farmanimals,inmycommunitythemountainsand25soilmakeitdifficulttofarm.Thisisone26whyfewpeopleliveinmyarea.What'sitliketoliveinthemountains?Sincewehavealotof 27 ,wegettohavehorsesandchickens.Myfamily28eggsfromthechickensforbreakfast.Wealsoloseelectricityalotbecausethetreesfallonpowerlineswheneverthere'sa29一.Inmycommunity,peoplekeepbattery-poweredflashlightsandoillampsstoredincasethelights30 .Somepeoplealsouseagenerator--amachinethatgenerateselectricityfromgasoline—wheneverthereare_31_ .Goingtoschoolinaruralareameanshavingfewerclassmatesand32longerdistances.Togettomyhighschool,Imustdrivefortymilestothe33city.ThismeansImustgetupmuchearlierthanmy34classmatesinordertobeontime.Theroadsinmycommunityaren'tpavedwithasphalt（瀝青）either,soduringstormsthey35becometoomuddyorsnowytopass.Incitiesasnowplow（掃雪機(jī)）36quickly,butareaswherefewerpeoplelivearen'tthepriority（優(yōu)先）,sodayscanpassbeforeasnowplow37theroad.SometimesImustmissschoolbecausestormsmakeit38todrive.文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持30.30.D文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持30.30.D文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理文檔來(lái)源為：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持21.C21.CIamnotsure39ifIwanttoliveinthecountryorinthecitywhenIgrowup.Ilikebeinginnature,hearingthecreekandthebirds,andhavingabigyard.Ialsolikebeinginthecity,though,whereIcangohowlingorskating,orseemyfriends.Itcanget40inthecountry,althoughIdolovebeingaroundouranimals.A.fewB.manyC.fewerD.moreA.surroundedB.hiddenC.shadowedD.enrichedA.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.IfA.feedB.growC.trainD.houseA.richB.muddyC.rockyD.snowyA.explanationB.causeC.excuseD.reasonA.spaceB.roomC.placeD.landA.laysB.harvestsC.buysD.picksA.stormB.thunderC.lightingD.showerA.putoutB.wearoutC.runoutD.gooutA.dangersB.risksC.emergenciesD.incidentsA.walkingB.runningC.drivingD.travelingA.nearbyB.distantC.nearestD.farthestA.ruralB.cityC.oldD.newA.canB.mayC.mustD.shouldA.comesbyB.comesaboutC.comestoD.comesoutA.cleansB.digsC.clearsD.coversA.likelyB.necessaryC.improperD.impossibleA.stillB.yetC.evenD.asA.quietB.lonelyC.aloneD.busy【答案】21.C 22.A23.B24.D25. C26. D 27.A28.B29.A30.D31.C 32. D33.C 34. B35.A36.A 37.C38. D39.B40.B【解析】作者通過(guò)自己的親身經(jīng)歷，和城市進(jìn)行對(duì)比，分析了在農(nóng)村居住的好處和不足?？疾樾稳菰~。A.few很少的；B.many許多的；C.fewer較少的；D.more更多的。此處指農(nóng)村地區(qū)和城市地區(qū)不同，因?yàn)槿吮容^少。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知農(nóng)村不像城市人口密集，故選C.A考查動(dòng)詞。A.surrounded包圍；B.hidden隱藏；C.shadowed遮蔽；D.enriched豐富。根據(jù)deepinavalley和bymountains可知作者的家在被山包圍的山谷深處，故選A.B考查連詞。A.When當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.While然而；C.Because因?yàn)?；D.If 如果。上句說(shuō)農(nóng)村人少偏僻，下文說(shuō)許多農(nóng)場(chǎng)都在農(nóng)村地區(qū)，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B.D考查動(dòng)詞。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.grow種植；C.train培養(yǎng)；D.house給 房子住。此處指農(nóng)場(chǎng)需要大塊的土地來(lái)種糧食和給家畜提供住處，故選D.C考查形容詞。A.rich富有的；B.muddy泥濘的；C.rocky巖石的；D.snowy下雪的。此處指在作者的家鄉(xiāng)，山脈和巖石土壤使農(nóng)場(chǎng)難以耕種。上文 bymountainsthatarerocky給了提示，故選C.D考查名詞。A.explanation解釋；B.cause原因，起因；C.excuse借口；D.reason原因。家鄉(xiāng)的土壤不適合耕種，這是家鄉(xiāng)人少的原因。reason通常指產(chǎn)生某種行為或想法的推理上的理由，而 cause通常指導(dǎo)致某一事件發(fā)生的起因。故選D.A考查名詞。A.space空間；B.room房間；C.place地方；D.land陸地。此處指住在農(nóng)村的好處，有大空間，有馬和雞。故選A.B考查動(dòng)詞。A.lays放置；B.harvests收獲；C.buys購(gòu)買；D.picks選擇。我們家養(yǎng)著雞，所以收獲雞蛋作為早餐，故選B.A考查名詞。A.storm暴風(fēng)雨；B.thunder雷；C.lighting閃電；D.shower陣雨。我們也經(jīng)常停電，因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)有暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候，樹就會(huì)掉到電線上。暴風(fēng)雨會(huì)把樹刮到電線上造成停電，故選A.文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持39.39.B文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持39.39.B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A.putout撲滅，熄滅；指某人將某物熄滅，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；B.wearout磨損，穿破；C.runout耗盡；D.goout熄滅，經(jīng)常指自己熄滅。此處指因?yàn)橥ｋ姛粝?，故選D.C考查名詞。A.dangers危險(xiǎn)；B.risks冒險(xiǎn)；C.emergencies緊急事件；D.incidents事件。此處指無(wú)論什么時(shí)候有緊急事件時(shí)，一些人也使用一種通過(guò)燒汽油發(fā)電的發(fā)電機(jī)。故選C.D考查動(dòng)詞。A.walking步行；B.running跑；C.driving駕駛；D.traveling走步。在農(nóng)村上學(xué)意味著有較少的同學(xué)和走較遠(yuǎn)的距離，因?yàn)槿藷熛∩?，學(xué)校少，所以上學(xué)很遠(yuǎn)。此處并沒有說(shuō)上學(xué)的具體交通方式，只是總說(shuō)。故選D.C考查形容詞。A.nearby附近的；B.distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；C.nearest最近的；D.farthest最遠(yuǎn)的。上高中時(shí)作者要開車四十英里到達(dá)最近的城市，這是為了說(shuō)明上學(xué)路途遠(yuǎn)，故選C.B考查形容詞。A.rural農(nóng)村的；B.city城市的；C.old古老的；D.new新的。為了按時(shí)上學(xué)，必須比城市里的同學(xué)更早起床。表示對(duì)比，故選B.A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。A.can能，會(huì)；B.may可以；C.must必須；D.should應(yīng)該。農(nóng)村的道路不是瀝青路，所以雨雪天會(huì)變得非常泥濘。根據(jù)句意選A.A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A.comesby經(jīng)過(guò)；B.comesabout發(fā)生；C.comesto談到；D.comesout出現(xiàn)。在城市里，下雪后掃雪機(jī)會(huì)很快經(jīng)過(guò)，把雪掃干凈。故選A.C考查動(dòng)詞。A.cleans打掃；B.digs挖；C.clears清除；D.covers覆蓋。此處指掃雪機(jī)清除積雪，使路面干凈。故選C.D考查形容詞。A.likely很可能的；B.necessary必要的；C.improper錯(cuò)誤的；D.impossible不可能的。因?yàn)檗r(nóng)村道路雨雪后泥濘，雨雪使道路不能開車，作者不能去上學(xué)。故選D.文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持 .文檔來(lái)源為文檔來(lái)源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理 .word版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持 .考查連詞。A.still仍然；B.yet仍然；C.even甚至；D.as因?yàn)?，隨著。still常用于肯定句中，表示“某事正在進(jìn)行中”，一般與現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用。也可用在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，在否定句中須放在否定詞 not之前。yet表示“某事尚未發(fā)生”，多用于否定句或帶否定詞的陳述句中。此處用于否定句，表示我現(xiàn)在仍然不確定，故選B.40.B考查形