高三英語一輪語法復(fù)習(xí) 【知識(shí)精講+重點(diǎn)突破】名詞性從句課件

名詞性從句

Noun

ClauseLet'senjoyasongAsLongAsYouLoveMe0203Althoughlonelinesshasalwaysbeenafriendofmine.I'mleavingmylifeinyourhands.PeoplesayI'mcrazyandIamblind.Riskingitallinaglance.

Howyougotmeblindisstillamystery.

Ican'tgetyououtofmyhead.

Don'tcarewhatiswritteninyourhistory.

Aslongasyou'reherewithme.

Idon'tcarewhoyouare.

Whereyou'refrom.

Whatyoudid.

Aslongasyouloveme.AsLongAsYouLoveMeI'mcrazyandIamblindHowyougotmeblindwhatiswritteninyourhistorywhoyouareWhereyou‘refromWhatyoudid.nounclausethelyricofthissong

在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng),這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句nounclause主語從句(TheSubjectClause)賓語從句(TheObjectClause)表語從句(ThePredicativeClause)同位語從句(TheAppositiveClause)什么是名詞性從句？ObjectClause一、賓語從句在句中充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞或介詞或某些形容詞的賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞或形容詞之后。1.Ithink

thatitwillbeofnouse.2.Iasked

herwhetherhehadcome.3.Itdependson

whetherthebosswillagreetoyouornot.4.I’msure

thatyouwillwinthegame.

一.賓語從句ObjectClause如：sure,certain,glad,happy,afraid,sorry，satisfied,surprised等。從屬連詞：that,whether/if（是否）連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞：when,where,why,howLOGO連接詞【缺啥補(bǔ)啥，啥都不缺用that】Practice單句寫作1.店主問我能否用現(xiàn)金支付。Theshopkeeperaskedmeif

.2.醫(yī)生建議我多吃富含纖維的食物。Thedoctoradvisedthat

morefoodrichinfibre.3.我想知道我們什么時(shí)候能被準(zhǔn)許返回學(xué)校。

IcouldpayincashI（should）haveIwonderwhenwewillbepermittedtogobacktoschool.5.Mr.Philaskedmeaquestion

Idaredtogowithhimto

hecalledtheLonelyIsland.Practice3.Itisreportedthatanewschoolhasbeenbuiltin___wasadesertedvillageafewdecadesago.1.Ireallydoubt_____hewouldaskhertomarryhiminpublic.2.Letmetakedown________you'vesaidbeforeIforget.4.Afteraheateddiscussion,wedecided_______weshouldbuyfortheelderpeople.6.Mywalletisnolongerinuse.Icanbuy

IwantsimplywithWeChatPay.7.MymotheralwaysinsistedthatI

(wash)theclothesbymyself.

解題三步曲Step1:Step2:Step3:找出從句部分分析從句缺不缺成分缺：①缺主語、賓語、表語、定語：連接代詞②缺狀語：連接副詞不缺：從屬連詞that,whether是否5.Mr.Philaskedmeaquestion

Idaredtogowithhimto

hecalledtheLonelyIsland.Practice3.Itisreportedthatanewschoolhasbeenbuiltin___wasadesertedvillageafewdecadesago.1.Ireallydoubt_____hewouldaskhertomarryhiminpublic.2.Letmetakedown________you'vesaidbeforeIforget.4.Afteraheateddiscussion,wedecided_______weshouldbuyfortheelderpeople.6.Mywalletisnolongerinuse.Icanbuy

IwantsimplywithWeChatPay.7.MymotheralwaysinsistedthatI

(wash)theclothesbymyself.

whetherwhatwhatwhetherwhatwhatwhatever(should)washPredicativeClause二、表語從句

二.表語從句PredicativeClause主語系動(dòng)詞表語從句連接詞從句主語從句謂語從句賓語Thatiswhywehavegivenyoutheletter.常見系動(dòng)詞：1.be動(dòng)詞2.感官動(dòng)詞：feel、smell、taste、sound...3.變化類動(dòng)詞：become、get、grow、turn...4.保持類動(dòng)詞：keep、stay、remain...5.其他：seem、appear...位于系動(dòng)詞后，在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。1.Thatiswhyhedidn'tpasstheexam.2.Thequestioniswherehehasgone.

3.Theproblemisthathehasgone.4.Itlooks/seemsasif/thoughitweregoingtorain.5.Thevillageisnolongerwhatitusedtobetenyearsago.從屬連詞：that,whether連接代詞：who,whom,whose\what,which\whoever，whatever，whichever連接副詞：when,where,why,how其他連接詞：asif/though(好像),because,LOGO表語從句的連接詞01【缺啥補(bǔ)啥，啥都不缺用that】LOGO表語從句特殊句式02Thereasonwhy…is/wasthat………的原因是……This/That/Itis/waswhy…

這/那就是……的原因This/That/Itis/wasbecause…這/那是因?yàn)椤璚hy…is/wasthat…√Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathiscarbrokedownontheway.表語從句注意事項(xiàng)主語是suggestion,advice,order,proposal，plan,request等表示建議、命令、要求、計(jì)劃的名詞，表從應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，即(should)+do.

√Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)goandhelphim.注意：這種句子考試時(shí)一定要記住這句話：名詞前（尤其是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前）一定要有限定詞。然后把句子變換成陳述句，接著判斷句子是屬于哪種從句再完成。試區(qū)分以下句子①Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?②Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?③Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?

(表從)(定從)(定從)Thismuseumiswhatyouvisited.Thisisthemuseumthatyouvisited.Thismuseumistheonethatyouvisited.5.［2018·北京卷］Thisis

myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.6.［2018·江蘇卷］Byboatistheonlywaytogethere，whichis

wearrived.

4.［2016·北京卷］Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis

onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.3.Mysuggestionis

youshouldhavepatience.2.Thatis

hewasbornandbroughtup.1.Thisisjust

wearealwayslookingforwardto.PracticethatwhatwherethatwhathowSubjectClause三、主語從句主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常位于主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前；或由形式主語it代替，真正的主語從句位于句末。1.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.2.Whyhefailedtheexam

wasn’tclear.3.Whetherhehasfailedtheexam

wasn’tclear.4.Itisapitythatshecannotcome.

三.主語從句SubjectClauseWhyhefailedtheexamwasn’tclear.主語從句謂語動(dòng)詞表語連接詞從句主語從句謂語從句賓語從屬連詞：that,whether/if（是否）連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞：when,where,why,howLOGO連接詞01注：that在主語從句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分；不可以省略從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句①Thathewillwiniscertain.②Thatheplayedcomputergamesintonightmadehisparentsdisappointed.③ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.注：whether在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分引導(dǎo)主語從句可置于句首，也可用it做形式主語，從句置于句尾從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句①Whethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornotisunderdiscussion.②Whethertheplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.

③Itisstillunknownwhethertheplanwillbecarriedout.

注：if在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分使用時(shí)需用it做形式主語，if引導(dǎo)的從句置于句尾從屬連詞if引導(dǎo)的主語從句Itisstillunknowniftheplanwillbecarriedout.Iftheplanwillbecarriedoutisstillunknown.

if引導(dǎo)主語從句不能放在句首連接代詞who,whom,whose/what,which/whoever,whatever,whichever

引導(dǎo)的主語從句1.Whowillhostthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Whichplanisbettershouldbediscussed.3.WhoevercomestoChinaiswelcome.4.Whatshesawfrightenedher.5.Whomweshouldserveisanimportantquestion.6.Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.7.Whosewatchwaslostisunknown.連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的主語從句1.Whenthespeechcontestwillbeheldstillneedstobediscussed.2.Wherethespeechcontestwillbeheldstillneedsdiscussing.3.Howthespeechcontestwillbeheldstillneedsdiscussing.4.Whythesunrisesintheeastisinteresting.√

isyourhairstyle.我最喜歡的是你的發(fā)型。WhatIlikemost√remainsaquestion.他是不是我的孩子仍然是個(gè)問題。Whetherheismychild主語從句注意事項(xiàng)Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免“頭重腳輕”,常用it作形式主語,而把從句放在后面。Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.it做形式主語①Itbe+adj.+從句

Itisnecessary/importantthat….…..是有必要/重要的Itisobvious/clearthat……很明顯……Itiscertainthat……是肯定的Itistruethat……是事實(shí)Itisstrangethat……很奇怪Itisnaturalthat……是很自然的√________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.√________________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…it做形式主語②Itbe+n.+從句

Itisapity/ashamethat…真遺憾…Itisasurprisethat….令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat…事實(shí)是…Itisanhonorthat…是我的榮幸Itisawonderthat………是奇跡Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識(shí)√________________(很遺憾)welostthematch.√________________(這是事實(shí))hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthatit做形式主語③It+be+過去分詞+從句

Itisbelieved/thoughtthat…人們相信…Itiswellknowntous/allthat….眾所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已經(jīng)決定……Itissaid/reportedthat據(jù)聽說/據(jù)報(bào)道

Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建議……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必須承認(rèn)……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否認(rèn)……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……√________________(據(jù)報(bào)道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.√________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetable.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat當(dāng)過去分詞是suggested，ordered，required，advised，requested，insisted等表示建議、要求、命令等的詞時(shí)，主語從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用“（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”。it做形式主語④

It+不及物動(dòng)詞+從句

Itappears/seemsthat…似乎…/看起來…Ithappenedthat….碰巧…;剛好...Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……Itdoesn’tmatterwhether......無關(guān)緊要√________________(剛好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.√________________(我突然想起)Iforgottosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat我們學(xué)好英語很有必要。

weshouldlearnEnglishwell.Itisnecessaythat據(jù)報(bào)道，這位著名的籃球明星已經(jīng)去世了。

thefamousbasketballstarhaspassedaway.Itisreportedthat主語從句注意事項(xiàng)√Thathewillrefusethispieceofadvice

isimpossible.√Whatheneeds_____thatbook.√Whatheneeds_____somebooks.①單個(gè)從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。但what引導(dǎo)的主從，謂語動(dòng)詞看表語√Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheld

hasnotbeendecidedyet.isare②用and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。√Whentheywillsetoffand

wheretheywillgo

havenotbeendecidedyet.Practice1.［2019·全國Ⅰ卷］

youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.2.［2019·全國Ⅰ卷］Thedeadlinesand

youneedtoapplydependontheprogramme.3.［2013·天津卷］

IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.4.［2013·四川卷］

yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.5.［2014·全國卷］Exactly

thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain，butitwasprobablyaround1565.6.［2016·江蘇卷］Itisoftenthecase

anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.7.［2017·北京卷］Everyyear，

makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.

whoeverthatwhenWhatwhatWhatWhatAppositiveClause

四、同位語從句Apposition

（同位語）Who:When:What:MylovestoryJack,myhusband,isaveryromanticman.March8th,ourweddinganniversary,isaspecialdayforus.Hepreparedagift,anewwatch,toshowhislovetome.JackMyhusbandourweddinganniversaryAgiftAnewwatchMarch8th

同位語Appositive

Jack,myhusband,isaromanticman.WhatisApposition?Apposition（同位語）同位語解釋說明Noun/Pronoun（名詞或代詞）Summary：一般的，________成分是對(duì)其前面的名詞或代詞進(jìn)行______和_______。在復(fù)合句中，跟在名詞后進(jìn)一步解釋、說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容的從句叫同位語從句。同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：抽象名詞+連接詞+從句1.Theking'sdecision

thattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.

2.Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.

三.同位語從句AppositiveClausefact,idea,thought,doubt,news,hope,truth,belief,promise,word,wish,opinion,question,problem,truth,decision,conclusion,suggestion,advice,plan…1.Theprisonerwouldbesetfree.2.Theking'sdecisionsurprisedallthepeople.Weknewthenews

thatTomlostthenewwatch.主語謂語動(dòng)詞賓語同位語從句連接詞從句主語從句謂語從句賓語從屬連詞：that,whether（是否）連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which,連接副詞：when,where,why,howLOGO連接詞011.Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.2.Thequestion

whetherthegasisharmfultopeople’shealthisnotclear.3.Nobodycanexplainthemystery

whydinosaursbecameextinct.4.Ihavenoideawhenthey'llbebackandsettledown.5.Ihavenoideawhotoldalietous.同位語從句注意事項(xiàng)√HegotthenewsfromMary

thatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.√Wordcame

thatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.同位語從句一般緊跟在所說明的名詞，有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。Word\

Newscamethat……消息傳來說Astorygoesthat…傳說Asayinggoesthat…有一句諺語說同位語從句注意事項(xiàng)√Thisismysuggestion

thatwe(should)canceltheexamination.√Hegaveanorder

thattheworkbedoneatonce.在order,advice,suggestion,desire,proposal,demand,request,requirement,idea等“建議、命令、要求、決定”名詞后面的同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。同位語從句注意事項(xiàng)√ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.√ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.

1.如果是定語從句，它的從句肯定是不完整的，關(guān)系詞肯定在句中充當(dāng)成分的；而同位語從句中的that只起連接作用。2.定語從句是對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，而同位語從句則解釋說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句同位語從句1.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.()2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.(

)同位語從句定語從句同位語從句定語從句3.Isthereanyhopethattheywillbehomeintime?()4.Theproblemthatyoureferredto

doesn’texistatall.()Writedownthesentencesandcompletethestory.

IgotaproblemthatIlostthenewwatch.Ihavenoidea___________________