2023年大學(xué)英語四級段落漢譯英常用詞匯積累

2023年12月起大學(xué)英語四級考試翻譯部分由本來的單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英，（查看翻譯部分樣題）內(nèi)容涉及中國的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會發(fā)展等。多元文化論culturalpluralism文化適應(yīng)acculturation社會保障socialsecurity班車shuttlebus大齡青年singleyouthabovethenormalmatrimonialage獨(dú)生子女theonlychildinafamily單親singleparent福利彩票welfarelotteries家政服務(wù)householdmanagementservice民工migrantlaborers名人celebrity農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力surplusrurallabor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng)nationwidefitnesscampaign全國人口普查nationwidecensus社會保險(xiǎn)socialinsurance暫住證temporaryresidencepermit/card青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency性騷擾sexualharassment走私smuggling性別歧視gender/sexualdiscrimination年齡歧視agediscrimination工作歧視jobdiscrimination享樂主義hedonism文盲illiteracy貧富分化disparitybetweentherichandthepoor盜版pirated/illegalcopies一國兩制OneCountry，TwoSystems三個(gè)代表theThreeRepresentsTheory兩會（人大、政協(xié)）TwoConferences（NPCandCPPCC）南南合作South-SouthCooperation南北對話North-SouthDialogue人大常委會People’sCongressStandingCommittee法制觀念awarenessoflaw法制國家acountrywithanadequatelegalsystem改革開放reformandopening-up公務(wù)員civilservants官僚主義作風(fēng)thebureaucraticstyleofwork和諧并存harmoniouscoexistence計(jì)劃生育familyplanning計(jì)劃生育基本國策thebasicstatepolicyoffamilyplanning精神文明建設(shè)theconstructionofspiritualcivilization居委會neighborhoodcommittee科教興國nationalrejuvenationthroughscienceandeducation可連續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment廉潔高效honestyandhighefficiency兩岸關(guān)系cross-straitsrelations兩岸談判cross-straitsnegotiations領(lǐng)土完整territorialintegrity民族精神nationalspirit普選制generalelectionsystem求同存異seekcommongroundwhileshelvingdifferences人大代表NPCmember物質(zhì)文明和精神文明materialandspiritualcivilization小康社會awell-offsociety小康水平awell-offstandard一個(gè)中國原則theone-Chinaprinciple與時(shí)俱進(jìn)keeppacewiththetimes綜合國力overallnationalstrength共同愿望commondesire“走出去”（戰(zhàn)略）goingglobal不結(jié)盟non-alignment單邊主義unilateralism多邊政策multilateralism多極世界multipolarworld人口老齡化agingofpopulation人口出生率birthrate社區(qū)月服務(wù)communityservice道德法庭courtofethic盜用公款embezzlement成人夜校nightschoolforadults在職進(jìn)修班on-jobtrainingcourses政治思想教育politicalandideologicaleducation畢業(yè)生分酉己graduateplacement；assignmentofgraduate充電updateone’sknowledge初等教育elementaryeducation大學(xué)城collegetown大學(xué)社區(qū)collegecommunity高等教育highereducation高等教育“211工程”the“211Project”forhighereducation高等學(xué)府institutionofhighereducation綜合性大學(xué)comprehensiveuniversity文科院校collegesof（liberal）arts理工科大學(xué)college/universityofscienceandengineering師范學(xué)院teachers’college；normalcollege高分低能highscoresandlowabilities高考（university/college）entranceexamination高校擴(kuò)招thecollegeexpansionplan教育界educationcircle教育投入inputineducation九年義務(wù)教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation考研taketheentranceexamsforpostgraduateschools課外活動(dòng)extracurricularactivities必修課required/compulsorycourse選修課elective/optionalcourse基礎(chǔ)課basiccourses專業(yè)課specializedcourses課程表schoolschedule教學(xué)大綱teachingprogram；syllabus學(xué)習(xí)年限periodofschooling學(xué)歷recordofformalschooling學(xué)分credit啟發(fā)式教學(xué)heuristicteaching人才交流talentexchange人才戰(zhàn)competitionfortalentedpeople商務(wù)英語證書BusinessEnglishCertificate（BEC）適齡兒重入學(xué)率enrollmentrateforchildrenofschoolage升學(xué)率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahighergrade；enrollmentrate碩博連讀acontinuousacademicprojectthatinvolvespostgraduateanddoctoralstudy素質(zhì)教育quality-orientededucation填鴨式教學(xué)crammingmethodofteaching希望工程ProjectHope走讀生extern；non-residentstudent住宿生boarder研究生graduatestudent；post-graduate（student）應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生graduatingstudent；currentyear’sgraduate校園數(shù)字化campusdigitalization校園文化campusculture學(xué)漢語熱enthusiasminlearningChinese學(xué)歷教育educationwithrecordofformalschooling學(xué)齡兒重school-ager學(xué)前教育preschooleducation學(xué)生減負(fù)alleviatetheburdenonstudents應(yīng)試教育exam-orientededucation職業(yè)道德workethics；professionalethics記者招待會pressconference國家教委StateEducationCommission國家記錄局StateStatisticalBureau職業(yè)培訓(xùn)jobtraining職業(yè)文盲functionalilliterate智力引進(jìn)recruit/introduce（foreign）talents智商intelligencequotient（IQ）助學(xué)行動(dòng)activitytoassisttheimpoverishedstudents網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界cyberworld網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化cyberculture網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪cybercrime網(wǎng)上購物onlineshopping高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)highyieldandhighquality高科技園high-techpark工業(yè)園區(qū)industrialpark火炬計(jì)劃TorchProgram（aplantodevelopnewandhightechnology）信息港infoport信息革命informationrevolution電子貨幣e-currency人工智能artificialintelligence（AI）生物技術(shù)bio-technology克隆cloning基因工程geneticengineering轉(zhuǎn)基因食品geneticallymodifiedfood（GMfood）試管嬰兒test-tubebaby基因哭變geneticmutation網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版e-publishing三維電影three-dimensionalmovie光谷opticalvalley虛擬銀行virtualbank信息化informationization信息高速公路informationsuperhighway新興學(xué)科newbranchofscience；emergingdiscipline納米nanometer個(gè)人數(shù)字助理personaldigitalassistant（PDA）生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)environment-friendlyagriculture技術(shù)密集產(chǎn)品technology-intensiveproduct數(shù)碼科技digitaltechnology同步衛(wèi)星geostationarysatellite神舟五號載人飛船mannedspacecraftShenzhouV風(fēng)云二號氣象衛(wèi)星FengyunIImeteorologicalsatellite登月艙lunarmodule多任務(wù)小衛(wèi)星smallmulti-missionsatellite（SMMS）多媒體短信服務(wù)MultimediaMessagingService（MMS）電子商務(wù)e-business；e-commerce電子管理e-management辦公自動(dòng)化OfficeAutomation（OA）信息高地informationhighland信息檢索informationretrieval電話會議teleconference無土栽培soillesscultivation超級雜交水稻super-hybridrice科技發(fā)展scientificandtechnologicaladvancement重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目keyproject國家重點(diǎn)工程nationalkeyprojects南水北調(diào)South-to-Northwaterdiversion西電東送West-Eastelectricitytransmissionproject西氣東輸West-Eastnaturalgastransmissionproject網(wǎng)絡(luò)造謠fabricatingonlinerumors惡意侵害別人名譽(yù)maliciouslyharmingthereputationofothers停止服務(wù)closure/shutdownofservice公司歇業(yè)closureofbusiness道路封閉roadclosure人為操作差錯(cuò)man-madeoperationalmistakes生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ecosystem森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)forestecosystem海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)marineecosystem壟斷價(jià)格tomonopolizetheprice壟斷市場tomonopolize/forestall/captive/cornerthemarket限購私用汽車tocurbthepurchaseofvehiclesforprivateuse汽車限購vehiclepurchaserestrictions汽車購買配額vehiclepurchasequotas車牌搖號alotteryforlicenseplates牌照單雙號限行odd-evenlicenseplatesystem黑名單制度ablacklistsystem執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師practicingphysician；licenseddoctors二代身份證2nd-generationIDcards防偽技術(shù)anti-forgerytechnology非法交易illegaltransaction冒名頂替identificationfraud洗錢moneylaundering掛失toreporttheloss補(bǔ)辦tore-apply/post-register戶籍householdregistration居住證residencepermit山洪暴發(fā)flashfloods水位waterlevel低洼地區(qū)low-lyingareas淹沒農(nóng)田toinundatecrops大橋坍塌bridgecollapse最嚴(yán)重受災(zāi)地區(qū)worst-hit/worst-strickenarea直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失directeconomicloss應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)emergencyresponsesystem闖紅燈runningredlight遮擋、污損號牌blockingordefacinglicenseplates扣分處罰pointpenalty酒駕drunkdriving終身禁駕lifetimebanfromdriving用流利英文介紹中國傳統(tǒng)元宵節(jié)：LanternFestival

2.刺繡：embroidery

3.重陽節(jié)：Double-NinthFestival

4.清明節(jié)：Tombsweepingday

5.剪紙：PaperCutting

6.書法：Calligraphy

7.對聯(lián)：(SpringFestival)Couplets

8.象形文字：Pictograms/PictographicCharacters

9.人才流動(dòng)：BrainDrain/BrainFlow

10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle

11.戰(zhàn)國：WarringStates

12.風(fēng)水：Fengshui/GeomanticOmen

13.鐵飯碗：IronBowl

14.函授部：TheCorrespondenceDepartment

15.集體舞：GroupDance

16.黃土高原：LoessPlateau

17.紅白喜事：WeddingsandFunerals

18.中秋節(jié)：Mid-AutumnDay

19.結(jié)婚證：MarriageCertificate

20.儒家文化：ConfucianCulture

21.附屬學(xué)校：Affiliatedschool

22.古裝片：CostumeDrama

23.武打片：ChineseSwordplayMovie

24.元宵：Tangyuan/SweetRiceDumpling(Soup)

25.一國兩制：OneCountry,TwoSystems

26.火鍋：HotPot

27.四人幫：GangofFour

28.《詩經(jīng)》：TheBookofSongs

29.素質(zhì)教育：Essential-qualities-orientedEducation

30.《史記》：HistoricalRecords/RecordsoftheGrandHistorian

31.大躍進(jìn)：GreatLeapForward(Movement)

32.《西游記》：TheJourneytotheWest

33.除夕：ChineseNewYear’sEve/EveoftheSpringFestival

34.針灸：Acupuncture

35.唐三彩：Tri-colorPotteryoftheTangDynasty/TheTangTri-coloredpottery

36.中國特色的社會主義：Chinese-characteredSocialist/SocialistwithChinesecharacteristics

37.偏旁：radical

38.孟子：Mencius

39.亭/閣：Pavilion/Attic

40.大中型國有公司：LargeandMedium-sizedState-ownedEnterprises

41.火藥：gunpowder

42.農(nóng)歷：LunarCalendar

43.印/璽：Seal/Stamp

44.物質(zhì)精神文明建設(shè)：TheConstructionofMaterialCivilizationandSpiritualCivilization

45.京?。築eijingOpera/PekingOpera

46.秦腔：CryingofQinPeople/QinOpera

47.太極拳：TaiChi

48.獨(dú)生子女證：TheCertificateofOne-child

49.天壇：AltarofHeaveninBeijing

50.小吃攤：SnackBar/SnackStand

51.紅雙喜：DoubleHappiness

52.政治輔導(dǎo)員：PoliticalCounselor/SchoolCounselor

53.春卷：SpringRoll(s)

54.蓮藕：LotusRoot

55.追星族：StarStruck

56.故宮博物院：ThePalaceMuseum

57.相聲：Cross-talk/ComicDialogue

58.下崗：Layoff/Laidoff

59.北京烤鴨：BeijingRoastDuck

60.高等自學(xué)考試：Self-taughtExaminationofHigherEducation

61.煙花爆竹：fireworksandfirecracker

62.敦煌莫高窟：MogaoCaves

63.電視小品：TVSketch/TVSkit

64.香港澳門同胞：CompatriotsfromHongKongandMacao

65.文化大革命：CulturalRevolution

66.長江中下游地區(qū)：TheMid-lowReachesofYangtzeRiver

67.門當(dāng)戶對：PerfectMatch/ExactMatch

68.《水滸》：WaterMargin/OutlawsoftheMarsh

69.中外合資公司：JointVentures

70.文房四寶（筆墨紙硯）："TheFourTreasureoftheStudy""Brush,Inkstick,Paper,andInkstone"

71.兵馬俑：cottaWarriors/TerracottaArmy

72.旗袍：cheongsam京劇Pekingopera秦腔Qinopera功夫Kungfu太極TaiChi口技ventriloquism木偶戲puppetshow皮影戲shadowplay折子戲operahighlights雜技acrobatics相聲wittydialoguecomedy刺繡embroidery蘇繡Suzhouembroidery泥人clayfigure書法calligraphy中國畫traditionalChinesepainting水墨畫Chinesebrushpainting中國結(jié)Chineseknot中國古代四大發(fā)明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火藥gunpowder印刷術(shù)printing造紙術(shù)paper－making指南針thecompass青銅器bronzeware瓷器porcelain；china唐三彩tri－colorglazedpotteryoftheTangDynasty景泰藍(lán)cloisonne秋千swing武術(shù)martialarts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucianculture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子LaoTzu莊子ChuangTzu墨子MoTzu孫子SunTzu象形文字pictographiccharacters文房四寶（筆墨紙觀）theFourTreasuresoftheStudy（brush，inkstick，paper，andinkstone）《大學(xué)》TheGreatLearning《中庸》TheDoctrineoftheMean《論語》TheAnalectsofConfucius《孟子》TheMencius《孫子兵法》TheArtofWar《三國演義》ThreeKingdoms《西游爺己》JourneytotheWest《紅樓夢》DreamoftheRedMansions《水滸傳》HeroesoftheMarshes《山海經(jīng)》TheClassicofMountainsandRivers《資治通鑒》HistoryasaMirror《春秋》TheSpringandAutumnAnnals《史記》HistoricalRecords《詩經(jīng)》TheBookofSongs《易經(jīng)》TheIChing；TheBookofChanges《禮記》TheBookofRites《三字經(jīng)》Three－characterScriptures八股文eight－partessay五言絕句five－characterquatrain七言律詩seven－characteroctave旗袍cheongsam中山裝Chinesetunicsuit唐裝Tangsuit風(fēng)水Fengshui；geomanticomen陽歷Solarcalendar陰歷Lunarcalendar閏年leapyear十二生肖zodiac春節(jié)theSpringFestival元宵節(jié)theLanternFestival清明節(jié)theTomb－sweepingDay端午節(jié)theDragon－boatFestival中秋節(jié)theMid－autumnDay重陽節(jié)theDouble－ninthDay七夕節(jié)theDouble－seventhDay春聯(lián)springcouplets廟會templefair爆竹firecracker年畫（traditional）NewYearpictures壓歲錢NewYeargift－money舞龍dragondance元宵sweetstickyricedumplings花燈festivallantern燈謎lanternriddle舞獅liondance踩高蹺stiltwalking賽龍舟dragonboatrace胡同hutong山東菜Shandongcuisine川菜Sichuancuisine粵菜Cantoncuisine揚(yáng)州菜Yangzhoucuisine月餅mooncake年糕ricecake油條deep－frieddoughsticks豆?jié){soybeanmilk饅頭steamedbuns花卷steamedtwistedrolls包子steamedstuffedbuns北京烤鴨Beijingroastduck拉面hand－stretchednoodles餛飩wonton（dumplingsinsoup）豆腐tofu?beancurd麻花frieddoughtwist燒餅clayovenrolls皮蛋100－yearegg；centuryegg蛋炒飯friedricewithegg糖葫蘆tomatoesonsticks火鍋hotpot長城theGreatWallofChina烽火臺beacontower秦士臺皇陵theMausoleumofEmperorQinshihuang兵馬俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses大雁塔BigWildGoosePagoda絲綢之路theSilkRoad敦煌莫高窟M(jìn)ogaoGrottoes華清池HuaqingHotSprings五臺山"WutaiMountain九華山JiuhuaMountain蛾眉山MountEmei泰山MountTai黃山MountHuangshan；theYellowMountain故宮theImperialPalace天壇theTempleofHeaven午門MeridianGate大運(yùn)河GrandCanal護(hù)城河theMoat回音壁EchoWall居庸關(guān)JuyongguanPass九龍壁theNineDragonWall黃帝陵theMausoleumofEmperorHuangdi十三陵theMingTombs蘇州園林Suzhougardens西湖WestLake九寨溝JiuzhaigouValley日月潭SunMoonLake布達(dá)拉宮PotalaPalace鼓樓drumtower四合院quadrangle；courtyardcomplex孔廟ConfuciusTemple樂山大佛LeshanGiantBuddha十八羅漢theEighteenDisciplesoftheBuddha喇嘛L(fēng)ama轉(zhuǎn)世靈重reincarnatedsoulboy中藥traditionalChinesemedicine《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》EmperorHuangdi，sCanonofTraditionalChineseMedicine《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》Shennong，sHerbalClassic《本草綱目》CompendiumofMateriaMedica針灸acupuncture推拿medicalmassage切脈