中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句-(從句辨析) 課件

關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有幾種作用。1.在從句中代替先行詞。2.在句中作狀語(yǔ)。3.連接作用，把兩個(gè)句子連接成為一個(gè)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。

關(guān)系副詞有三種：

where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn)。(on/in/at…which)

when:

在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。(on/in…which)

why:

在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),指代原因。(thereasonwhy)

關(guān)系副詞的用法：

1.where的用法：(先行詞應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)名詞）

Thehotelwasn’tclean.+Westayed

=Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.

＝Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.

＝Thehotel

whichwestayedatwasn’tclean

＝Thehotel

關(guān)系詞略westayedatwasn’tclean.atthehotel.關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞2.when的用法：（先行詞應(yīng)是表示時(shí)間的名詞）

I’llneverforgettheday.

+IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheLeague.I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheLeague.從句3.why的用法：

(表示原因的名詞)The

reason

whyI’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.

1.何為定語(yǔ)從句？定語(yǔ)從句—AttributiveClause定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任。如果一個(gè)句子擔(dān)任定語(yǔ)，這個(gè)句子就叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句可以修飾名詞或代詞，還能修飾整個(gè)句子。如1.Theman

who(that)camefirstisJohn.

修飾名詞man2.

Thehandkerchief

which(that)yougavemewasn’tclean.修飾名詞handkerchief3..Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday,whichisgoodforhishealth.

修飾整個(gè)句子2.定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫作先行詞，而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。關(guān)系詞一般緊跟在先行詞之后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如：Therewasayoungman(wholikedpaintings).句中，who為關(guān)系代詞，定語(yǔ)從句wholikedpaintings修飾先行詞ayoungman

。再如：Thisisthehouse(whereIlivedlastyear).句中，where為關(guān)系副詞，定語(yǔ)從句whereIlivedlastyear修飾先行詞thehouse。3.關(guān)系詞以及注意點(diǎn)關(guān)系代詞有which,that,who(m),whose;關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why注意：關(guān)系詞既代替前面的先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分，又把兩個(gè)句子連接起來(lái)，構(gòu)成一個(gè)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。例如：兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句

Thankyoufortheflowers.+Yougavemetheflowers.

主從復(fù)合句

Thankyoufortheflowers(which(that)yougaveme).Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougavemetherecord.(F)Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveittome.(F)說(shuō)明：關(guān)系代詞which/that代替前面的先行詞therecord,已經(jīng)在從句中擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)，所以再在從句中加therecord或it就重復(fù)了。4.關(guān)系詞如何用？關(guān)系代詞當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，指人用關(guān)系代詞who，that;指物用which,that.如：Theman(who

/thatsatbesideme)wasexcited.

Thecar(which/thatisoverthere)ismyfavorite.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，指人用關(guān)系代詞whom/that/who(非正式）,指物用關(guān)系代詞which/that,口語(yǔ)中可以省略。如：Thedoctor(whom/that/shevisited)isfamous.

Theblouse(which/that/shetriedon)wassmall.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示所有關(guān)系時(shí)，用whose(既指人也指物）如：Iliveinahouse(whosedoorfaceswest)

Iknowawoman(whosedaughterdied).4.關(guān)系詞如何用？注意：在下列情況下，無(wú)論關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)，指人還是指物，都用that1.先行詞帶有最高級(jí)形容詞，或有only,all等詞修飾時(shí)；如：Thisisthebestfilm

（thatIhaveeverseen）.

Youaretheonlyperson

（thatcanhelpme）.2.先行詞為all,something,anything等不定代詞時(shí)；如：Youcantakeanything

（thatyoulike）.

All

（thatIhave）isgivenbymyparents.3.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)；如：Doyouknowthepeopleandthings

（thattheyaretalkingabout）?4.關(guān)系詞如何用？關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when,where,why

分別表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)和原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中起狀語(yǔ)的作用。如：Hetoldmethedate(whenthemeetingwouldbeheld.)(相

當(dāng)于onwhich)

Thisistheplace(whereheworks).(相當(dāng)于atwhich)

Nooneknowsthereason(whyhesuddenlydied).

注意：如果先行詞是reason，關(guān)系詞為why,that或省略。

Thereason(why/that/hechangedhismind)isnotclear.

Thereason(

why/that/shedidn’tgetthejob)wasthatherEnglishwasnotgood.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat句子翻譯1.這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.3.我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè).IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1. Oneuponatimetherelivedaking________lovedhorsesverymuch.who B.whose C.whom D.which2. Alltheapples______felldownwerepickedupbytheoldman.which B.those C.that D.what3. IntheNBA,YaoMingisafamousbasketballstar________comesfromChina.what B.who C.whose D.which4. Herparentswouldn’tlethermarryanyone________familywaspoor. A.that B.which C.who D.whose5. Doyouknowthisis______hewanted?theonewhat B.theone C.onewhich D.which6. Ihaven’treceivedtheparcel________myfathersent10daysagobythelocalpostoffice.which B.what C.whom D.why7. FinallyIfoundtheplace________wehadlivedduringmychildhood,butIcouldn’tfindthehouse_______wehadusedtolivein.A.where;where B.which;which C.where;which D.which;where8. Beijingisthecity_______wearegoingtovisitnextmonthandBeijinghotelistheplace________wearegoingtolive.where;where B.不填;where C.不填;which D.which;which9. Iwillneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheArmy.A.when B.which C.that D.who10.Wereallydon’tknowthereason________theyfailedtodowhattheyshoulddo.A.that B.which C.what D.why11.Thefirstthing________weshoulddonowistolookforthemissingboy.A.which B.what C.that D.who12.Beijing,________isthecapitalofChina,islargeandbeautiful.A.that B.where C.which D.不填13.Thehatwaslostyesterday,________Ipaid150yuanfor.A.不填 B.which C.that D.forthat14.Don’tforgettotakethebook________Iaskedwithyou.

A.that B.which C.forthat D.forwhich15.Iwouldlikearoom________thewindowfacesthesouth.A.which B.that C.ofwhich D.whose賓語(yǔ)從句Thinkitover!1.Thatisafaircomment.(adj.)2.HisknowledgeofEnglishisfair.(adj.)3.Shehasfairhairandskin.(adj.)4.Theweatherwillbefairtoday.(adj.)5.Youmustplayfair..(adv.)6.Theballhithimfairinthehead.(adv.)7.Thebookfairistobeheldnextmonth.(n.)運(yùn)用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)注意的問(wèn)題1.引導(dǎo)詞的選擇一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句特殊疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞2.語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序3.時(shí)態(tài)陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句按實(shí)際情況用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)4.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think，suppose，expect，believe

等時(shí)，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句為否定句時(shí)，常將否定詞not從從句中移到主句中，構(gòu)成否定轉(zhuǎn)移5.如果從句說(shuō)的是客觀現(xiàn)象或真理，無(wú)論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。thatif/whether1．

將下列簡(jiǎn)單句合成復(fù)合句。

1).Hewillcomebackinaweek.(Ithink…)Ithinkthathewillcomebackinaweek.2).Whoishelookingfor?(Doyouknow…)Doyouknowwhoheislookingfor?3).Whyistheplanelate?(Ididn’tknow…)Ididn’tknowwhytheplanewaslate4).Hehasalreadycomeback.(Hetoldme…)

Hetoldmehehadalreadycomeback5).HowcanIgettothezoo?(Couldyoutellme…)CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?6).Whydidn’thecomeyesterday?(Canyoutellme…)Canyoutellmewhyhedidn’tcomeyesterday?7).Whataretheydoing?(Hedidn’ttellme…)Hedidn’ttellmewhattheyweredoing.8).Whenwillwehaveatest?(Theteacherdidn’ttellus…)Theteacherdidn’ttelluswhenwewouldhaveatest.9).Wherewillthemeetingbe?(Iaskedhim…)Iaskedhimwherethemeetingwouldbe.10).Whosewatchisthis?(Doesanybodyknow…)

Doesanybodyknowwhosewatchthisis?11).DoyoulikeEnglish?(WeiFangaskedme…)

WeiFangaskedmeifIlikedEnglish.12).Wereyouathomeatnineyesterday?(Thepolicemanwantedtoknow…)Thepolicemanwantedtoknowifyouwereathomeatnineyesterday.13).HashecomebackfromGuangzhou?(Iaskedmyteacher…)IaskedmyteacherifhehadcomebackfromGuanggou.根據(jù)需要，人稱要作相應(yīng)的變化。Lucyasked,“Couldyoudosomethingforme,Tom?”LucyaskedTomifhecoulddosomethingforher.Hesaidtome,“Whatisyourname?”Heaskedmewhat

mynamewas.Lucysaid,“Iamnotgoodatitmyself.”Lucysaidthat

she

wasnotgoodatitherself.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系1.陳述句變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系3.一般疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系2.特殊疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.改錯(cuò)：1).Iwanttoknowthatwhatitis.

Iwanttoknow

whatitis.2).Ican’tunderstandthattheteachersaid.

Ican’tunderstand

whattheteachersaid.3).Idon’tknowthisiswhosebike.

Idon’tknow

whosebikethisis.4).HeaskedmewherewasMary.5).Doyourememberhowmuchdidyoupayforthebook?Heaskedmewhere

Marywas.

Doyourememberhowmuchyoupaidforthebook?6).Shesaidthatshewillbebacksoon.

Shesaidthatshe

would

bebacksoon.7).Theteachertoldusthatlighttraveledmuchfasterthansound.

Theteachertoldusthatlighttravels

muchfasterthansound.8).CouldyoutellmeifMissGaowasintheofficenow?

CouldyoutellmeifMissGaois

intheoffice

now?9).Ithinkyouarenotright.

Idon’t

thinkyouareright.1.Iknow(that)he___________(join)theLeaguein1985.2.Couldyoutellmewherehe___________(mend)hisbikeatthattime?3.Iseethatthey___________(play)footballoverthere.4.Tellmewherehe___________(live).5.Iwanttoknowhowlongyou_________(have)thisbike.6.Ihearthathe____________(come)tomorrow.joinedwasmendingareplayingliveshavehadwillcome根據(jù)主句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中填入正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：7.Iknewthathe___________(join)theLeaguein1999.8.Iwantedtoknowhowyou__________(get)onwithyourclassmates.9.Hetoldmethathe______________(have)thisbikeforthreeyears.10.Iwonderedifhe______________(come)tomorrow.joinedgot/weregettinghadhadwouldcome11.Ourteachertoldusthatlight________(go)fasterthansound.12.Weallknewthatthemoon________(move)roundthesun.13.Itwastruethatthere________(be)twelvemonthsinayear.goesmoves