定語從句附答案

語法復(fù)習(xí)四：定語從句（一）定語從句一般由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)1、關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,which,that,as2、關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須位于從句之首，主句先行詞之后，起著連接先行詞和從句的作用，同時在從句中又充當(dāng)句子成分。e.g.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.（關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語）ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.（whom在從句中作介詞with的賓語）3、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法：1）當(dāng)先行詞為人時用who作主語，whom作賓語；2）當(dāng)先行詞為物或整個句子時用which，可作主語或賓語；3）先行詞為人、物時用that，可作主語或賓語；4）whose用作定語，可指人或物；5）關(guān)系副詞when（指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，where（指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語），why（指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語）。（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1、限制性定語從句：從句與主句關(guān)系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.（去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定語從句：從句對先行詞關(guān)系不密切，去掉走從句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開，不能that用引導(dǎo)。e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯）（三）使用定語從句時特別注意的幾個問題1、that與which的區(qū)別。1）用that而不用which的情況：①先行詞為不定代詞all,anything,nothing,…；②先行詞有最高級修飾，有序數(shù)詞修飾；③先行詞有only,very,any等詞修飾；④先行詞既有人又有物時。e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.沒有什么能阻止他不干那件事。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他們所參觀的第一個地方是象鼻山。Thisisthebest-filmthatIhaveeverseen.這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。MrSmithisthe_only.foreignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他認識的唯一的外國人。2）用which而不用that的情況：①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；②代表整個主句的意思；③介詞+關(guān)系代詞。e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他數(shù)學(xué)考試沒有及格，這使他的父親很生氣。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.這是父親去年居住過的房子。3）as引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法①as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于thesame…as,such…as結(jié)構(gòu)中。e.g.Iwantthesameshirtas.myfriend's.我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。Suchmachines_asareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我們車間使用的這種機器是中國制造的。②as引導(dǎo)非限?制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。21通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所預(yù)料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。3)as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時與which的區(qū)別①當(dāng)主句和從句語義一致時，用as；反之，用which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.②當(dāng)非限制定語從句為否定時，常用which引導(dǎo)。e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,jwhichhiswifedoesn,tlikeatall..關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)由先行詞決定。e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在樓下的那個人英語說得很流利。ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow..定語從句有時不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個定語、狀語或謂語隔開。e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan,tunderstand..引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有時可以用“介詞+which”來代替。e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded..當(dāng)定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動詞時，短語動詞的各個固定部分不要拆開。e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather..介詞在關(guān)系代詞前，只能用which和whom,且不能省%介詞在句尾，關(guān)系代詞可有which,that,whom,口語中也可用who,且可省略。e.g.Theman(whom/who/that)youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.練習(xí)、定語從句一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句：Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon,tstudyhard.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yusawherinthepark.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.22Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.That,sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven,tbeenhandedin.Isthatthewoman?Herdaughterisinmyclass.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.二、根據(jù)句子意思，在第一個空白處填入介詞，在第二個填入關(guān)系代詞whom或which:ThepersonIspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.Thepencilhewaswritingbroke.WuDong,Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.ThetwothingsMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.Herbag,sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.23三、選擇填空：ThemanvisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.A.who B.which C.whomD.whenThewomanistalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.A.whose B.who C.whom D.whichBecauseofmypoormemory,allyoutoldmehasbeenforgotten.A.that B.which C.what D.asDoyourememberthosedayswespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?A.when B.where C.which D.whoTomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamerahelostlastweek.A.which B.that C.whom D.asThosewanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.A.whom B.which C.who D.whenWhereisthemanImetthismorning?A.when B.where C.which D.whoWhoisthewomanissweepingtheflooroverthere?A.who B./ C.that D.whenThemanyoutalkedjustnowisaworker.A.who B.whomC.towhom D.towhoThemanyouaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather'sneighbour.A.withwhomB.when C.towhomD.whichThedoctorisleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohim B.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingto D.whothenurseistalkingThemanaroundourschoolisfromAmerica.A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed13.Hetalkedaboutaheronoonehadeverheard.A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.whoInfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestionswereaskedinFrench.A.where B.who C.inwhich D.whichHaveyoureadthebookIlenttoyou?A.that B.whom C.when D.whoseFinally,thethiefhandedovereverythinghehadstolentothepolice.A.that B.which C.whateverD.allTheforeignguests,weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthoseThisistheverylettercamelastnight.A.who B.which C.that D.asIknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayaskknowsbetterthanI.24A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.A.whereB./C.whenD.what21.Thisisthefactory weworkedayearago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhichNearbyweretwocanoestheyhadcometotheisland.A.whichB.inwhichC.that D./Jackispleasedwithyouhavegivenhimandallyouhavetoldhim.A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which24.Doyouworknearthebuilding colourisyellow?A.thatB.which C.itsD.whose25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp.A.whomB.who C.towhomD.formwhom26.Isthisschool _wevisitedthreeyearsago?A.theoneB.which C.thatD.where27.Isthistheschool___wevisitedthreeyearsago?A.theoneB.where C.inwhichD./Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclasshomesareinthecountry?A.whose B.who C.whom D.whichAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,cameasasurprise.A.it B.which C.that D.heThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriagealreadysevenotherpeople.A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere31.Iliveinthehousewindowsfacesouth.A.which B.whose C.where D.inthat----Whatgameispopularwiththem? ----Themostistennis.A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeitTheystayedwithmethreeweeks,theydrankallthewineIhad.A.which B.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhichTheroomMrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.A.that B.which C.where D.whenDon,tforgetthedayyouwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.A.when B.that C.atwhich D.whereI’vefinishedwritingthenovel,istobepublishednextmonth.A.that B.what C.which D.whenHereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,wasunexpected.A.which B.as C.that D.it25weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.A.What B.As C.That D.WhichTheoldmanhadthreesons,allofdiedduringWorldWarn.A.whose B.that C.whom D.whoIhaveboughttwopens,writewell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhich C.bothofwhichD.allofwhichDoyouknowthereasonshehaschangedhermind?A.why B.which C.forthat D.ofwhichHefailedintheexam,provesthathewasn,tworkinghardenough.A.which B.what C.it D.thatDuringtheweekhetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.A.following B.followed C.tofollow D.thatfollowedwasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.A.It B.Which C.As D.ThatHestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,hisfatherexpected.A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthatC.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhatWeshouldreadsuchbookswillmakeusbetterandwiser.A.when B.as C.whose D.whatYOumustshowmywifethesamerespectyoushowme.A.when B.as C.whose D.whatHeisabsentisoftenthecase.A.what B.which C.who D.asItisthefirsttimeIhavecometoyourcity.A.that B.which C.what D.whenWho hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway.A.who B.that C.whom D.whichIshallneverfOrgetthoseyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,whoThisistheonlybookIcanfind.A.that B.which C.it D.withwhichIdon,tlikeyouspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhichThatisoneofthosebooksthatworthreading.A.is B.are C.has D.haveThisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwritingthebest.A.is B.are C.has D.haveTherewastopreventtheaccident.A.somethingcoulddo B.anythingwecoulddo26

C.nothingwecouldn,tdoD.nothingwecoulddoC.nothingwecouldn,tdoD.nothingwecoulddo參考答案語法復(fù)習(xí)四：定語從句一、1.Thefanthatyouwantisonthedesk.2.Themanwhobroughtourtextbookshereyesterdayisinnextroom.3.Themagazinewhichhehastakenawayismine.4.Thestudentswhodon,tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.5.Thewomanyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher.6.TheletterIrec