高一英語必修三、必修四知識點歸納

高一英語必修三知識點歸納UnitlFestivalsaroundtheworld1?sthtakepalce某事(按意圖、)發(fā)生，舉行(不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài))V.(去e)+alf"?arrive(v.)到達一arrival(n.)到達者survive(v.)幸存；幸免于；fsurvival(n.)幸存者starvetodeath=bestarvedtodeath餓死starveforsth.渴望某物starvationn.饑餓，餓死4.inmemoryofsb紀念某人havebeliefin對有信心believein相信的存在，believevt.相信；認為dressup穿上盛裝；打扮；dresssb.up=dressupsb.打扮某人sbbedressedin某人穿著…playatrickonsb.—playtricksonsb.捉弄某人admiresb.forsth.因某事而羨慕某人with/inadmiration欽佩地9.lookforwardtodoingsth期待做某事lookupto仰視；尊重lookdownon/upon瞧不起lookinto調查lO.havefunwithsth/sb玩得開心forfun為了好玩；it'sfuntodosth.做某事很有趣funnyad?.有趣的；滑稽可笑的ll.offersthtosb=offersbsth提供某人某物decoratesthwithsth用…來裝飾…dayandnight日夜turnup出現，到場，調高(音量)turndown調低turnto轉向，求助于turnon打開turnoff關閉permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事time/weatherpermitting=iftime/weatherpermits如果時間/天氣允許的話permissionn.許可，允許keepone'sword守信用；履行諾言breakone'sword失信；食言；inaword總之holdone'sbreath屏息；屏氣outofbreath上氣不接下氣drownoneselfin...(—bedrownedin...)浸在……setoff出發(fā)；動身remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事forgivesb.fordoingsth.原諒某人做了某事22.Itwasobviousthat...顯而易見的是…Itisapitythat...很遺憾Itiswellknownthat...眾所周知…trytodosth=seektodosth企圖做某事trydoingsth嘗試做某事meantodosth打算做某事meandoingsth意味著做某事hearabout/ofsth聽說某事apologizetosb.forsth./doingsth.因某事/做了某事而向某人道歉make/offeranapologytosb.for（doing）sth.因（做）某事向某人道歉情態(tài)動詞will,may,might,can,could,must,should等后面接動詞原形28?在“主語+be+adj.+todo”結構中，主語與不定式中的“do”為邏輯上的動賓關系（被動），且作表語的形容詞為“l(fā)ight（輕），heavy，difficult/hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，important，interesting，good”等時，不定式則用主動形式，但表示被動的意義。eg.Theroomisreallypleasanttolivein.29.either...or…或者…或者...，neither.nor.既不…也不…，可連接并列成分，連接主語時遵循就近原貝9。eg.Eitheryouorheisgoingtheretomorrowwith的復合結構：with+賓語+賓語補足語(介詞短語/形容詞/現在分詞/過去分詞/動詞不定式)，賓語補足語根據和賓語的主動、被動，或表示將來/目的而選擇，位置可前可后。eg.Withalotofworktodo，hewasn'tallowedtogoout.Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling.asthough/if“仿佛，好像”引導的虛擬語氣從句中的時態(tài)。虛擬的時間從句中的謂語時態(tài)現在一般過去時(be動詞用were)過去過去完成時(haddone)將來過去將來時(woulddo)Unit2HealthyEatingadj.+ness^n?kind(adj.)慈善的；寬容的fkindness(n.)善良，好心dark(adj.)黑暗的fdarkness(n.)黑暗tired(adj.)疲勞的；疲憊的ftiredness(n.)疲憊ill(adj.)生病的；不健康的fillness(n.)疾病；不適eat/haveahealthydiet健康飲食abalanceddiet平衡飲食be/goonadiet節(jié)食balanceAagainstB權衡/比較A和B3.loseweight減肥gain/putonweight增月巴byweight按重量(稱)becurioustodosth.好奇地做某事becuriousaboutsth.對某事感到奇怪withcuriosity—curiously(adv.)女子奇地getawaywith(做壞事)而不受懲罰getalong/onwithsb與相處getover克服telllies—tellalie說謊liein位于(的內部)；lieon(相鄰)lieto(隔開)規(guī)則的說謊lieliedliedlying不規(guī)則的躺、臥、平放lielaylainlying躺過就下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaidlayingwinback贏回&Thestrengthof...isthat...…的優(yōu)勢是…buildupone'sstrength增強體質strengthenvt.加強；增強couldnothavesbdoingsth不能容忍某人做某事havesbdosth讓某人做某事havesbdoingsth讓某人一直做某事havesthdone讓某事被做bemadeof由…制作(看得出原材料)bemadefrom(看不出原材料)seemtodosth看起來，似乎musthavedone過去一定做過某事hadbetterdosth最好做某事sbbesurprisedtodosth某人很驚訝地做某事consultsb.aboutsth.向某人咨詢某事consultwithsb.(about/onsth.)(就某事)與某人商量17.oughttodosth應該做某事havetodosth不得不，必須shouldhavedonesth本應該做某事而實際上沒有做couldhavedonesth過去本來能夠做某事而未能做earn/makeone'sliving謀生beindebttosb.—beinsb'sdebt欠某人的錢；欠某人的情belimitedtosth.受限制于…beofbenefitto=bebeneficialto對有好處cutdown削減；砍倒beforelong不久以后nothingismoreimportantthanstudyinghard.nothingismoreimportantthanstudyinghard.spyonsb監(jiān)視某人glareatsb怒目而視stareatsb盯著看catchsightof瞥見，掃視haveaglimpseof瞥——眼30?“否定詞+謂語動詞+比較級”表示最高級,hardly等。eg.AsfarasI'mconcerned,Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNoteun+adj.^adj.happy(adj.)高興的funhappy(adj.)不快樂的；不幸福的important(adj.)重要的funimportant(adj.)不重要的fair(adj.)公平的funfair(adj.)不公平的comfortable(adj.)舒適的funcomfortable(adj.)不舒服的bringup(父母)撫養(yǎng)；教育educate(老師)教育raise單純撫養(yǎng)onthescene=onthespot在現場；當場goahead前進；可以；請(說或做)吧goover復習gothrough經過，經受goagainst違背，反對byaccident—bychance偶然地bydesign—onpurpose故意地accountfor是…的原因；解釋takeaccountof—oaccount考慮…onaccountof=becauseof由于，因為seeksth.fromsb.向某人請求…onthecontrary與此相反hadjustdone...when...剛做完…這時…bedoing...when...正在做…這時/突然…theotherday前幾天(常用過去時)combine...with…將…和…結合28.inthisway用這種方法29.the+序數詞“第幾”a+序數詞“又一次，再一次”常用否定詞還有no，not，never，nobody，beabouttodo...when...正要做…這時…makeabetonsthwithsb和某人就某事打賭sbbelostin某人在…迷路takeachance/chancestodosth.冒險做某事takeaphoto拍照takearest休息一下takeawalk散步itisbadmannerstodosth.做某事沒有禮貌itisgoodmannerstodosth.做某事有禮貌ina...manner以…的方式asfor關于；至于asusual像往常一樣Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知…Asiswellknown，...(as引導非限制性定語從句)Whatiswellknownisthat...(what引導主語從句，that引導表語從句)beknown/famousas"作為而出名”，as后接表示職業(yè)、身份等的名詞beknown/famousfor"因而著名”，介詞for后接出名的原因beknownto"為所知/熟知”17?英語中表示"許多”：agreatnumberof、(a)few、scoresof、dozensof+可數名詞復數agreatdealof、(a)little、abitof+不可數名詞alargeamountof許多，大量的+不可數名詞，作主語時用單數謂語large/goodamountsof修飾不可數名詞，作主語時用復數謂語Alargeamountofmoneyhasbeenreceived.—Largeamountsofmoneyhavebeenreceived.plentyof、alotof、lotsof、alarge/greatquantityof、quantitiesof后可加可數名詞復數，也可加不可數名詞18?語法：名詞性從句(賓語從句和表語從句)學習與測評P41頁Unit4?Astronomy:theScienceoftheStarsn.■-al—adjtradition?.)傳統ftraditional(adj.)傳統的person(n.)人fpersonal(adj.)個人的education?.)教育feducational(adj.)教育的origin(n.)起源foriginal(adj.)原始的intime及時ontime準時atonetime曾經atthesametime同時allthetime一直；始終forthefirsttime首次，第一次atnotime絕不/決不(用在句首時，句子要用部分倒裝)beharmfulto對有害doharmtosb.—dosb.harm對某人有害harmlessadj.無害的4.layeggs下蛋existon靠生活/生存Thereexists...某地有existencen.存在；生活inone'sturn輪到某人inturn依次；逐個byturns輪流；交替taketurnsdoing/todosth.輪流做It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事阻止…做…prevent...(from)...stop...(from)...tect.from...保護…免受傷害dependon/upon=relyon/upon依靠24.as+adj.+a/an+n.+as像樣的…eg.Iwanttoownaslargeahouseashers.accordingto根據10.inalldirections四面八方make/consider/think/find/believe等動詞后加it+adj+todosthgivebirthto產生，分娩too+adj/adv原級+todosth太…以至不能blockout擋住(光線)；抹去，忘掉(不愉快的回憶)blockone'sway擋住某人的去路breakout爆發(fā)breakdown出故障breakup解散；打碎carryout執(zhí)行giveout用完；耗盡；分發(fā)sortout整理pickout精心挑選workout解決；計算出cheerup(使)高興起來cheerfuladj.快樂的；高興的cheerfullyadv.高興地nowthat既然，引導原因狀語從句，相當于sinceinthat因為=becausewatchoutfor密切注意；當心watchover照顧be+adj+enoughtodosth足夠…做某事haveachancetodosth有機會做某事not.atall一點也不getthehangof熟悉，掌握as+adj./adv.原級+as25.常見倍數表達：A+be+倍數+as+adj./adv.原級+asBA+be+倍數+adj./adv.比較級+thanBA+be+倍數+the+名詞(size/weight/length...)ofBeg.AsiaiafourtimesaslargeasEurope.Thenewbuildingisfourtimeshigherthantheoldone.Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.(time表示次數、倍數時可用復數)語法：主語從句，學習與測評P56頁

whether和if的用法區(qū)別：引導賓語從句既可以用whether，也可以用if,兩者常可以互換。介詞后、動詞不定式后、和ornot連在一起時，引導位于句首的主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時應當用whether，不用if。Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”1-adj.1-adj.+ly~adv.happy?fhappilypolitefpolitelyunfortunatefunfortuantelyviolentfviolentlybesurroundedwith/by...被包圍surroundingadj.周圍的surroundingsn.環(huán)境；周邊事物takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事goaboard（theship/plane/train）上（船、飛機或火車）abroadadv.海外，國外goabroad出國settledownto（doing）sth.定下心來做…settlevt.解決（問題等）；定居settlementn.解決；定居settlern.定居者；移民者managetodosth設法做，成功做8atfirstsight乍看起來；一看見、atthesightof一■看見begifted/talentedinsth.擅長做某事haveagiftfordoingsth有做某事的天賦decidetodosth決定做某事takethetrain坐火車=bytrain12.onthewayto+地點去某地的路上terrifyvt.使恐懼，使驚嚇terrifyingadj.可怕的（形容事/物）terrifiedadj.很害怕；恐懼（形容人或人的表情）beterrifiedat/by…因…而害怕goonatour去旅游mixsth.withsth把某物與某物混合起來mixup弄亂；混淆mixturen.混合（物）confirmsb.insth.使某人確信某事18.inthedistance在遠處keepsb.atadistance與某人保持一定距離distantadj.（時間或空間）久遠的；遠處的提問用：What'sthedistancefromBeijingtoLondon?19.Itisatraditiontodosth.做某事是傳統traditionaladj.傳統的2O.impresssth.on/uponsb.使某人銘記…impresssb.withsth.—sbbeimpressedby/withsth.leave/make/havea+adj+impressiononsb.給某人留下深刻印象21.asfarasIamconcerned=asfarasIknow就我而言（描述個人觀點）atdusk/dawn/night/midnight/noondreamof/aboutdoingsth夢想做某事be/getcloseto接近，靠近（副詞home/there/here前不能接介詞）25.語法：同位語從句（學習與測評P70頁）13.competein參加（比賽）比較級表示最高級：比較級+than+anyother+單數名詞（范圍內）比較級+than+any+單數名詞（范圍外）eg.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.比較級+than+alltheother+復數名詞比較級+than+therestof+復數名詞/不可數名詞否定詞+比較級eg.Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.獨立主格結構：當分詞（短語）作狀語并且分詞（短語）有自己的主語時，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構，其構成是“名詞/代詞+現在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語”，可表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨情況等。eg.Moretimegiven,weshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.Alotofworktodo,hecan'tgohomenow.Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.高一英語必修四知識點歸納UnitlCulturalrelicsv.+mentfn.move(v.)移動fmovement?.)移動punish(v.)懲罰fpunishment(n.)懲罰develop(v.)發(fā)展fdevelopment^.)發(fā)展asenseofachievement成就感achieveone'ssuccess獲得成功achieveone'sgoal達至U目標behavewell/badlyto/towardssb.對某人好/差behaviourn.舉止；行為moveoff離開；起程；出發(fā)moveon變換(工作、話題等)；前進moveaway搬走；離開感官動詞的用法，如：observesb.dosth.觀察到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.觀察到某人正在做某事observesb./sth.done觀察到被……respectsb.as/for...因…而尊敬某人give/sendone'srespecttosb.向某人表達敬意argueforsth.據理贊成argueagainststh.據理反對odoingsth.說服某人做某事arguesb.outofdoingsth.說服某人不做某事crowdinsb.(想法、問題等)涌上心頭becrowdedwith充滿著…crowdedadj.擁擠的，擠滿的3216+5646+12+3016.inspiresbtodosth激勵某人做某事17.inspired(人)深受鼓舞的inspiring(事)令人鼓舞的inspiration名詞18.helpsbdosth幫助某人做某事19.insteadof(doing)sth而不是做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的事stoptodosth停下來去做另外一件事as+adj/adv原級aspossible盡可能...gobackto+地點返回某地moveoff離開sbspend+時間+(in)doingsth某人花費多少時間做某事communicatewithsb和某人交流chatwith和某人聊天arrivein+大地點arriveat+小地點27.lookdownupon/on蔑視；瞧不起28.lookuptosb尊敬某人consider...as...把...看做…referto查閱；參考；指的是Catchone'seye吸引某人的注意Whenitcomesto...當談及...Freefrom免于...34.intendsb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事35.intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事beintendedfor專門為而設計的considerateadj.考慮周到的38.Itis/wasconsiderateofsb.todosth.某人做某事很體貼人deliver...to...把…傳遞給…carryondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事carryout實行not...until...直到...dosomeresearch做研究atthattime在那時(常用過去時)attherate按照…比率makesure確信can'twaittodosth迫不及待做某事bebusyindoingsth忙于做某事49.ltseems/seemedthat...看來…；好像…50.Ithitsb.+從句=Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想到…Eg.IthitsmethatIhavetofinishtheworkatonce.語法:主謂一致，牢記遵循就遠原則和就近原則的詞組（學習與測評P8）Family指“家庭”時，有單復數之分，指“家人”時，是集體名詞，只有單數形式，謂語動詞一般為復數。Eg.Thefamilyisverybig.（家族）Myfamilyareverywell.（家人）54.only+狀語（時間狀語，地點狀語，方式狀語等）置于句首時，主句需用部分倒裝（將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或者be動詞提到主語前面）。Eg.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.Unit2WorkingtheLandv.-ingfadj.excite—excitinginterest—interestingsurprise—surprisingamaze—amazingthanksto多虧，由于besatisfiedwith對…感到滿意besatisfiedtodo...對做…感到滿意satisfyone'sneeds滿足某人的需要toone'ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是struggletodosth.努力做某事strugglewith/against與作斗爭strugglefor為而斗爭ridsthofsth=getridofsth使…擺脫o...把…擴展成因為，由于：thankstobecauseof、duetoasaresultof、owingtoonaccountofbeequippedwith裝備，具有…equipsbfor使某人具有the+序數詞+名詞+todosth第幾個做某事的人searchfor=beinsearchof尋找，搜尋considerdoingsth考慮做某事consider...as...把…看作…倍數表達：謂語+as+adj/adv原級+as謂語+adj/adv比較級+than...13.withthehelpof...在…的幫助下withthehopeof...懷有…希望14.leadto（doing）sth導致…后果leada...life過…的生活regretdoingsth后悔做了某事regrettodosth對要做的事感到遺憾rememberdoingsth記得做了某事remembertodosth記住要去做某事focuson=payattentiontodoingsth集中注意力于keep.freefrom使…免受（影響、傷害等）decrease/reduce...by...減少了…（幅度）decrease/reduce.to…減少至U...increase/rise增加confuseAwith/andB把A與B混淆beconfusedabout對感到困惑couldn'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事buildupone'shealth/body增進健康buildoneselfup增強體質buildoneselfstrength增強體力makecommentsonsth.評論某事語法：v-ing作主語和賓語（學習與測評P25）現在完成進行時：have/hasbeendoingsth動作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現在，并且強調現在還在進行。Unit3ATasteofEnglishHumour1?v.+ionf"?educate—education(n.)教育collect—collection(n.)收集物correct—correction?.)改正devote—devotion(n.)奉獻select—selection(n.)挑選uptonow/present=sofar直至U現在(常與現在完成時連用)feel/becontentwith…對…滿足/滿意contentoneselfwith滿足于astonishvt.使驚訝astonishedadj.對…感到吃驚的beastonishedat/by對…感到驚訝toone'sastonishment令某人吃驚的是(常作插入語)badlyoff窮的；缺少的bad/badly—worse—worstbewelloff富裕；境況良好good/well—better—bestentertainv使歡樂；款待entertainmentn.娛樂；文娛節(jié)目7.cutoff切斷；斷絕8?convincesb.ofsth.使某人確信某事convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事9.inparticular=particularly特別地；尤其地(作狀語)lO.ononeoccasion有一次；曾經treat...as…把…當作…對待beamusedat/by...對…覺得好笑besurprisedat/by...對…覺得驚訝toone'samusement使某人感到好笑的是inawhisper/whispers—inalowvoice耳語地；低聲地whispertosb.向某人低聲說makeamessof扌巴弄舌Linamess處于混亂的狀態(tài)messup弄亂；弄臟reactto對…作出反應reactionn.反應atnoextracharge不需額外付費beafraidofdoingsth害怕作某事隨著”。18?語法：V-ing作表語、定語和賓語補足語（學習與測評P42）as作連詞，可引導時間狀語從句，等于when,“當…時候，隨著”。Asyougrowolder,youwillknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself.可引導原因狀語從句，類似于because,since,for,“因為”。Asrainhasfallen,theaisiscooler.可引導方式狀語從句，“如，像，按照”。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.可引導讓步狀語從句，“雖然，盡管”，結構為：名詞/形容詞/副詞/動詞+as+主謂。Childasheis,heknowsalot.amuse—amusement(n.)娛樂；消遣majorin...主修amuse—amusement(n.)娛樂；消遣majorin...主修…associatewith與…有關atthecrossroads在十字路口It'slikelythat...…是可能的belikelyto很有可能…1.v.+ment—n?agree—agreement(n.)協議；同意appoint—appointment(n.)任命；約定achieve—ach