2023年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題CET重點(diǎn)資料及答案解析

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faｃulｔymemberstｏｃｒeａt(yī)ｅ“mａｓｓiｖeopeｎonlinecoｕｒses,”orＭＯOCs，aｒeａｌｓocoｍｍｉｔtedｔoaｕtoｍaｔｅdａsseｓsmｅntsystemsbｅcauseofｔhｅvalueofiｎstantfeeｄbａck.“iｔallowｓsｔuｄentｓtｏgeｔimmeｄiatｅfeedbackoｎｔheｉrwork，sothaｔｌeａｒniｎｇtｕrnsinｔoａgamｅ,ｗｉthsｔudｅｎtsnaturallygrａvｉtating（吸引)toｗardｒesｕbmiｔtingthｅwｏrkｕntｉｌtｈｅygetitrighｔ,”ｓａidDaphneKoｌler,aｃomputerscienｔiｓtanｄaｆouｎｄｅｒｏｆCoｕrｓeｒａ.［M]ＬaｓｔyｅartheＨewｌettFoundaｔion,aｇｒant-makingoｒｇａｎizationｓetuｐbyoｎeｏfｔheHewlett-Ｐacｋardfoundeｒsandｈisｗife,ｓpoｎsｏreｄtwo＄１０0,000Pｒｉzｅsaimedａt(yī)improvingsｏｆtwａrethatgradｅsesｓayaｎdshoｒtansｗｅrｓ．Morethan1５0ｔeamsenteredｅaｃｈcateｇory.AwinnｅrofoｎｅｏｆｔｈｅHｅwlettｃontｅnｔs,VikＰａrｕchuｒｔwashiredbyEｄXtｏhelpdesignitsａsｓｅsｓmｅntｓｏfｔware.[N]“Ｏnｅofｏurfｏｃusiｓｔohelpkｉdsleａｒnhowｔoｔｈiｎkｃritically,”ｓaｉdVuchｉｃ，aprograｍoffiｃeｒatｔheHewｌettFoｕndatｉoｎ.“It’sprｏbａblyimpossibｌetｏdothaｔwithmｕltiplｅ－choicｅtestｓ”．Thechalｌenｇeｉsｔhaｔtｈisｒｅｑuｉrｅshumangｒａｄers,andsotheycoｓtalotmorｅanｄｔheytaｋealｏtｏｆmｏretｉme.[O]ＭarkD．Shｅｒｍis,aｐrofeｓsorattheUnｉvｅrｓityofＡｋroｎiｎOｈｉｏ，supeｒvisｅdtheHewｌｅttFoｕndａt(yī)ioｎ’sｃontestonaｕtomaｔeｄesｓａyｓｃorｉngandwroteapａperaｂoutｔheeｘpｅriment．Inhisｖｉew,ｔhｅteｃｈｎｏloｇｙ—ｔhｏuｇhimｐeｒｆｅct—haｓapｌacecａt(yī)ionaｌｓettiｎgs.[P]Withincreasｉnglarｇeclasｓ,itｉsimｐｏssiblefoｒｍoｓｔｔeacherstｏgivestudentsｍｅaningfulfｅｅｄｂacｋｏnwrｉtingａssignmｅnts，hesaidＰl(wèi)uｓ,ｈｅnoteｄ,cｒｉticsoftheｔechｎologyhaｖetenｄeｄefrｏｍtｈenａt(yī)ｉｏn’sbestunivｅrsitiｅs，wheｒetｈｅleveｌofｔｅａchｉｎgismuchbeｔｔerｔhanatmｏｓｔschoolｓ.[Q]“Ｏfｔentheycｏｍefｒｏmｖｅｒyfａｍoｕsiｎｓtｉtuｔionｓｗheｒe,infaｃｔ,theydoamuｃhｂｅttｅrｊobviｄｉngfeeｄｂacktｈanamachineovｅrcould，”Dr．Sｈｅｒmissaid.“Thereseemｓtobeａｌackoｆａｐpｒecｉａt(yī)ionofwhaｔisactuａlｌygoｉngonｉnｔhereaｌｗorlｄ.”注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46Soｍeｐｒｏfesｓｏrsinedｕcａt(yī)ionarecollectingsiｇｎaturestｏvoｉcethｅirｏppｏsitiontoaｕtomatedessaｙｇrading.47usｉｎｇｓｏftwaｒeｔogｒaｄestｕdeｎｔs’eｓｓaysavｅｓtｅachｅｒｓtｉｍefoｒｏtherwork.４8ｔheHeｗleｔtｃｏntestsaimatimpｒoｖinｇeｓｓaｙｇradｉnｇsofｔware.49Tｈouｇhthｅautomａt(yī)eｄgrａｄiｎgsyｓｔemiswidelyusｅdｉnmultipｌｅ－ｃｈoｉceｔests,automａt(yī)edessａｙgrａdingｉsstillcritiｃｉzeｄbｙｍａnyeｄucaｔors.50Ｓoｍｅpeopledoｎ’tbelieveｔhesoｆtwarｅgrａdingsyｓtemcandoasｇoodajobａshｕmａｎgradeｒｓ.51Cｒitｉcsｏｆaｕtｏｍatedesｓayscoriｎgdoｎotseemｔｏknowthetruereａlitｉesinlesesfａmｏusｕniverｓity.52Criｔicsargueｍaｎyimｐorｔantaspeｃtsoｆeffeｃｔiveｗritｉngｃannotmeasｕredbｙcｏmputerｒatｉngpｒogｒamｓ.53Asclａsssｉzegrowｓ，moｓtteaｃhersareunaｂlｅtoｇivestｕdentvaluablecommentsaｓｔohｏwtｏｉmｐrovｅｔｈeirwritｉnｇ.54Thｅａutomａt(yī)edａｓseｓｓmeｎtteｃhｎoloｇｙissoｍeｔimesuｓedtodoublecheckthewoｒkoｆhuｍangraderｓ．55Studeｎｔｓｆindinstantｆeedbackｈelpstheirleaｒniｎgconsideｒaｂly.ＳectionＣDiｒecｔｉons:Therｅare2ｐassａgesintｈissection.Eachpassagｅisfｏｌloｗｅdｂyｓｏｍequｅｓｔｉonsorｕnfinishedｓtaｔemｅｎtｓ．FｏｒeａchoftheｍtｈeｒeａrｅfourｃhｏicｅsmarkedA),B),Ｃ）anｄD).YoushoulddｅｃiｄeｏntｈｅbestｃhoｉｃeanｄmarｋthecorresｐonｄingletｔｅronＡnswerSheet２ｗｉｔhaｓｉnｇleｌinethrouｇhthecenter.PaｓｓageOnｅQuesｔｉon56to６0areｂａsｅｄｏnthefollowinｇpaｓsａgｅ．Ａcrｏｓsｔheｒiｃｈwｏrｌd,ｗｅll-edｕｃateｄpeoplｅincｒeasｉｎglyworｋlongerthaｎthｅｌess-skｉlleｄ.Somｅ６5%oｆＡmerｉcanｍeｎａｇｅd62-74wｉthaprofｅｓsiｏnａldｅgreeaｒeｉnｔｈeworkfｏrcｅ,compａredｗiｔh3２％ofmeｎwｉthonlｙahiｇh－scｈｏolｃｅrtifiｃatｅ．Ｔｈisｇapiｓｐarｔofadeepｅninｇdｉvidebｅtweｅｎtｈewell-educａｔｉonwelｌoffandtｈeunskilleｄpｏｏr.Rapiｄtｅｃhnologicaｌadvancｅhasraisedtheiｎcomeｓｏftheｈighｌyskｉllｅdwhilesqueezｉngtｈoseoftｈeunsｋilled.Theｃｏnseｑuｅnces,fｏｒindividualanｄsｏciety,areｐrｏｆounｄ.Ｔｈｅworlｄisfａｃiｎgasastoｎisｈingｒiｓｅinthenｕmberofoｌdｐeople,andtheywiｌllivelongerthaneｖerｂefｏｒe.Overtｈeｎexｔ20yearsthｅglobalpopulaｔiｏnofthoseaged6５oｒmｏrｅwillalmoｓtdｏubｌe,frｏm6００ｍillionto1.１billｉoｎ.Ｔheexｐerienceofthe20ｔｈcenｔuｒy,wheｎgreateｒlｏnｇｅｖitｙ(長(zhǎng)壽）tｒanslatｅdinｔoｍorｅyeａrsiｎretiｒemｅｎｔrａt(yī)herthanmoｒeyearsatwｏrk,hａsｐersuadedmanyｏbserversthatｔhisshifｔwilllｅadtoslowereconomiｃgroｗth,whiｌeｔheswellingranksｏｆpeｎsiｏnerswillcreateｇｏvｅrnmenｔbudｇetprｏblems.Bｕｔtheｎｏtiｏnoｆaｓｈarpｄivisionbｅtweenｔhewoｒkingｙounganｄtheidleoldmissｅsａnewｔｒｅnd，tｈeｇｒowinggapbetwｅe(cuò)ntheskilｌedaｎdｔhｅunｓｋｉllｅd.Ｅmpｌoｙｍentratｅsarefallingamongｙｏungeｒuｎskilｌeｄpeople，whｅreａｓoｌderｓｋilledfoｌkaｒｅworｋinｇlonger.ThedividｅisｍostｅxｔreｍｅiｎA(yù)ｍerica,ｗｈerewell-educatｅdbａby-boｏmeｒs(二戰(zhàn)后生育高峰期出生的美國(guó)人）areputtｉngoｆfretirementwhiｌemanyless-skilleｄyouｎgeｒpｅｏｐleｈaｖｅdｒｏｐpｅdoutｏfthｅworkforce.Ｔhateventhebettｅｒ-oｆfｍｕstworklｏngｅrtohａveａｃoｍforｔablｅｒetiremｅnt.Butthechａngｉｎgnaturｅofwｏrkａlsoplａysabigroｌe.Pａyhasrｉsenshａrplyfortｈeｈigｈｌｙeducatｅd，ａndthosepeoplｅcoｎtinuｅtｏrｅａprｉchrewaｒｄsiｎtｏolｄagebecauｓｅｔhｅsｅdaysthｅe(cuò)duｃatｅdeldeｒlyareｍorepｒodｕcｔｉvethanｔｈeprecｅdinggeｎeratｉon.Ｔechｎologｉｃalｃhangeｍａywellreiｎfoｒｃeｔhatsｈift:tｈeskiｌlsthａｔcompｌementｃomputｅｒs,fｒｏmmanagemeｎｔｋnowhowｔoｃｒeativｉｔｙ．Donｏｔｎeｃessarilydecｌiｎewithagｅ.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。5６、wｈatｉsｈａppeningiｎthewｏｒkforｃeiｎrichcounｔries?A．yｏungerpeopleaｒerｅplacingthｅe(cuò)lｄerｌｙB．wｅll-edｕｃａt(yī)eｄｐeｏpletｅｎdtoｗorｋlongeｒC.uneｍplｏymeｎtratｅsareｒiｓinｇyｅarａfｔｅryeａrD.peoplewiｔhnｏcollegedｅgreedｏｎoteasilyfｉndwork57、whatｈashelｐｅｄdeｅpenthedｉｖidｅbetweeｎthｅｗｅll-offandpｏoｒ？A．LongerlifeｅxｐectaｎｃieｓB．ＰｒofouｎdchａngｅsinthewoｒｋforceＣ．raｐidｔechnologicalaｄvanｃｅ.D．Agｒoｗingｎumberofwｅll-gｒadｕaｔed．58、whatｄomａnｙobserverspredｉctｉnvｉewｏfｔheｅxperieｎceofｔｈe２0thcｅntｕrｙ？Ａ．Eｃonomicgrowthwillsｌowｄoｗn．Ｂ.Gｏｖernｍentbudｇetswilliｎcreasｅ.C.MorepeｏpleｗiｌltryｔｏpｕrsｕehighereｄucatioｎD.Ｔheｒewillbeｍｏrecoｍpetitｉｏｎinｔhejobmarket.5９、ＷｈatｉstherｅsultｏｆpｏｌicｙchangｅsｉｎEuｒopeａncountrｉes?Ａ.Unｓkｉllｅｄworｋersmayｃhoｏseｔorｅｔireｅarly.B．morepeoplｅhａｖeｔｏreceｉｖein-ｓeｒvicetrainiｎg.Ｃ.Ｅvenwｅaltｈｙpｅoplemｕstwoｒklonｇerｔｏfortablｙinｒetirement．D.Peoｐlemａybeａbletｏenjoｙｇenerｏｕsdeｆｉｎeｄ-bｅnｅfｉtsｆroｍpensｉoｎ

plans.6０、Wｈatiｓchａｒacteriｓtiｃofwｏrkintｈe2１stcｅntury?A.Computerswiｌlｄｏpｌicａt(yī)ｅdwork.B.Moreｗilｌbeｔaｋenbytheedｕｃａt(yī)edyｏung.C.Mostjoｂsｔobedｏｎewｉllbｅｃｒｅativeones.Ｄ.Skillsareｈｉｇhlyｖaluedrｅｇａrdｌeｓsoｆaｇe.PasｓａgeＴｗoQuｅstions61-6５ａrｅbaseｄonｔhefollowiｎgｐasｓagｅ.Someｏfｔhewｏｒld’ｓｍｏｓtsigｎificantpｒoblｅmｓnｅverhitheadlinｅｓ.Oneexamplｅcoｍesfromagriculｔure.Foodrioｔsandhungerｍaｋenｅｗｓ．Buｔtｈetrenｄｌyingbｅhiｎdｔheseｍatｔersisｒａreｌytalkｅdaｂｏut．Tｈisｉsthedeclineinｔhegrowthiｎyiｅldsofsｏｍeoftheworlｄ’smajorcrｏｐｓ.ＡｎewstuｄｙbyｔheUnｉversityofMiｎnesｏtａａndMcGiｌlUnivｅｒｓityinMoｎtｒeａｌlｏoksatwherｅ,ａｎｄhowｆar,ｔｈisdeclｉneisoccuｒｒinｇ．Theａuthｏｒｓｔakｅaｖａsｔnｕmberofdａt(yī)ａｐoｉntsforthefoｕｒmｏsｔiｍporｔaｎｔcｒops:ｒicｅ,ｗｈｅatcｏrnaｎｄsoｙbeａｎｓ(大豆）.Thｅyfinｄｔhatoｎbetween24%and３9％ofallharvesteｄaｒｅaｓ,ｔｈｅimpｒovementｉｎyiｅldstｈａt(yī)toｏdｐlａｃebefoｒethe１９8０sｓｌoｗeddｏｗniｎｔhe１９9０sanｄ２0２3s.Theｒeareｔwoｗｏrryiｎgfeaｔuresoftheslowdｏwn．Onｅistｈatithasbｅe(cuò)npaｒtiｃularlｙsharpinthｅworｌd’ｓmosｔpopuｌｏus(人口多的)ｃountries,ＩndiaandCｈiｎa．Ｔhｅirabilｉｔｙｔｏfeedtｈｅmsｅlveshａsｂeenaｎｉmportaｎtsｏｕrceofｒelａt(yī)ｉｖesｔabilityboｔhwithinthecountｒiesａｎdonwｏrldfｏodmaｒkｅtｓ．Thａｔself-suffｉciｅncycannotbetａkｅｎfoｒgｒanteｄifyｉｅｌdsconｔｉnueｔoslｏwdｏwnoｒrｅｖｅrse．Sｅcond，ｙieldgrowtｈhasbeｅnlowｅriｎwｈｅａｔandriｃethaｎincornaｎdsoｙabｅaｎs．Thｉsispｒｏblematicｂecausｅｗｈeatandｒicearemoreiｍportａntａｓfooｄs,ａｃcountingforａrｏunｄhaｌfｏfaｌlｃaloｒiescｏnsｕmed.Ｃｏrnaｎdsoyａbeａnsａrｅmoreimｐｏrtantasfｅｅｄgrａins.Theauthorsnｏｔｅthａt(yī)“wｅｈavepreｆerentiａlｌyfocusｅdｏurｃropｉｍpｒovementeｆfｏrtsoｎfeediｎgaｎｉmａlｓaｎdcarsraｔherthanoncropsthaｔfeedpｅopleaｎdaretheｂasiｓｏfｆoｏdｓecｕriｔｙｉnmｕｃhoftheworld.”Therepｏｒtqualifｉeｓthemｏrｅoptimisticfｉndingsofａnothｅｒｎewpapｅｒwhichsugｇeｓtｓthatthｅｗorldwillnothavｅtoｄｉｇupaｌｏtmoreｌａndforfaｒminginoｒdｅrtｏfeeｄ9biｌｌionpeoplein2０５0,aｓtheＦoodａｎｄＡgricultｕreOrgaｎiｓaｔｉoｎhasargｕeｄ．Instｅａｄ，iｔsays,ｔhanｋsｔosｌowｉｎgpopulaｔｉonｇrｏwth，landｃurrently

ｐｌｏughtｅduｐforcropｓmｉgｈｔbｅabｌetｏreveｒt(回返)tｏforeｓtorwilderｎesｓ.Ｔｈｉscouldhaｐpen．Ｔhetrｏuｂｌeistｈａｔthｅforeｃastａsｓｕmｅscontiｎuedｉｍproｖｅｍenｔsinyiｅlｄs,whichmaynotactualｌyhａppen.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡２上作答。61．Whaｔdoestheautｈortrytodｒawａt(yī)teｎｔiｏｎｔo?Ａ）Fooｄriotsandhungeｒinthｅwoｒld.Ｃ）Ｔhedｅcｌinｅｏｆtｈｅgraiｎyielｄgrｏｗtｈ.Ｂ)Newshｅadlｉnｅsintheｌeａdingmeｄiａ．D）Thefoodsｕppｌｙinpｏpｕlｏuscｏuntｒies．62．WhydoestheａｕｔhｏrｍｅntiｏnIｎdｉａandChinainparticｕｌaｒ?A)Tｈeirseｌf-suｆfiｃｉenｃyｉsvitaｌｔｏthｅstabiliｔyoｆｗorlｄｆoodmarkets.B)Theｉｒfooｄyielｄsｈavebeｇunｔoｄeｃｒeａｓesｈarpｌｙiｎrｅｃｅｎtyｅars.Ｃ)Theｉｒbigpｏｐulatioｎsaｒecausingwｏrlｄwiｄeｃoｎｃｅｒns.D)Ｔheｉrfooｄｓelf-sufficieｎｃｙhasbｅe(cuò)ｎｔakenfｏrgranteｄ．6３.Wｈａｔｄoeｓｔｈenewsｔudybythｅtｗounｉverｓｉtiｅｓsayaboutrｅcentcroｐimprｏvementeffｏrts?A)Thｅyfaｉlｔoｐｒoduｃｅtheｓaｍeremaｒkａblerｅｓultsasbｅforethｅ1980s．B)Ｔｈeｙcontｒibuteａlotｔｏtheimpｒovｅmeｎｔofｈuｍanfooｄｐrｏduction.Ｃ)Tｈeｙplayａｍajoｒroleinｇuaranteeingtheｆoodsecurityｏｆthewｏｒld.D)Theyfｏcuｓmoreonthｅｉnｃreａseofaｎiｍalｆeeｄthanhumａnfooｄgrainｓ．64.Whａt(yī)doesthｅＦoodanｄAgricｕltureOrgａｎｉsａｔionsayaｂoutworldfooｄｐｒｏductｉonintｈeｃoｍingdecａdｅｓ?A)Thｅgrｏwiｎｇｐopｕｌａｔionｗiｌlgrｅatlｙｉnｃreａｓeｔｈepｒessureoｎworlｄfoodｓupplies．B)Theoptｉmisticｐredictionaboutfoodpｒoductｉonｓhouldbｅｖiewedｗiｔhcａｕtion.Ｃ)Theｓlowdｏwnｏｆｔhegrowthinyieｌｄsｏｆmajｏｒfoodcroｐsｗｉｌlbereversed．Ｄ)Ｔheworldwillbeableｔｏfeｅditspopuｌａt(yī)ionwithoutincreasingfarmland.6５.HowdoestｈeauthorvｉewtheargｕｍeｎｔoftheＦoodanｄＡｇriｃuｌｔureOrganisａt(yī)ion？Ａ）Itｉsbuｉlｔontｈefindingsoｆａｎｅwsｔudｙ.B)Ｉtiｓbaｓedonadoubtfｕlassumption．C)Itｉｓbackedbystｒongeviｄeｎce.Ｄ)Itiｓopentofuｒtｈerｄiscusｓｉon.PartIVＴｒａnslatioｎ(30mｉnuｔｅｓ)Diｒｅctioｎs:Forｔhiｓpaｒｔ，ｙouareallowｅd30ｍｉｎuｔestotranslａt(yī)eaｐａｓｓａgeｆｒomChinｅseinｔoＥnglisｈ.YousｈouldｗrｉteｙouranswｅronAnsweｒ

Sｈeeｔ2．在西方人心目中，和中國(guó)聯(lián)系最為密切的基本食物是大米。長(zhǎng)期以來，大米在中國(guó)人的飲食中占據(jù)很重要的地位,以至于有諺語說“巧婦難為無米之炊”。中國(guó)南方大多種植水稻,人們通常以大米為主食;而華北大部分地區(qū)由于過于寒冷或過于干燥,無法種植水稻，那里的重要作物是小麥。在中國(guó),有些人用面粉做面包，但大多數(shù)人用面粉做饅頭和面條。注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡２上作答。2０2３年6月份英語四級(jí)真題(CET4）答案解析聽力答案ShorｔＣｏnvｅrsations1.Ａ.Thｅwoｍanｓhouldgｏonpｌａｙｉｎｇchesｓ.2.D.MaｒyｐrｏbａbｌyknowsSally’ｓnewaddress.3.B.Hisｎotesarenoteaｓytoｒead.4.D.Ｔhemanｈａｄbeｔtｅrchooseanotｈｅrｒestauｒant．5.Ｃ．Ｈehａｓbeenlookｉｎgfｏrwａｒdtｏsprｉnｇ.6.Ｂ.Tｈemaｎaｐpreciａt(yī)eｓtｈｅwomaｎ’sｈeｌｐ．7.Ｂ.Ｇotowｏrkｏnfoot.8.Ａ.Temｐoｒarｙcｌosｉｎghasdiｓｔurbedｔheａｉrｐort’sopｅratｉon．Conveｒsionone9.C.Ｉthasacｈemｉcaｌproｃessingpｌaｎt．10.D.Ｈｅ’ｓａsａlesmａn.11.Ｃ.Mr.Ｇｒand’speｒsｏｎaｌａssistaｎce．１2.B.Provideｄetailsoftheｉrｐroductsaｎdservicｅｓ．Ｃonverｓiontwo13．A.SｈeｌistenｅｄｔorｅcoｒdingsofｍaｎｙEuropeaｎorchesｔras．１4.Ｄ．Shebegantａkｉngvioｌｉnlessoｎsasasｍallcｈiｌd.1５.A.Itwastｈechａnceｏfａlｉfｅｔiｍｅ.PａssａgｅOne16.B）Hｉspｅrsｏnalhistｏｒyisliｔtlｅｋnown.1７.D)Hewasamemberoｆtheｔownｃounｃiｌ.18.Ｃ)Pｏssibleｓｏｕrcesofclｕｅsａｂｏuｔhｉmwｅreloｓtｉｎafire.PassａgeＴwｏ19.A)Tｈeft.2０．B)Haｖethｅｒigｈtｄｏcｕments.21．B)Useofficialtrａｎsｐort.PassaｇｅＴhree22．C）Sｅｌlinexpensiveprｏｄｕctｓ.２3.A)AtameｅtingｏftopBｒｉtｉshbusiｎesｓpｅoｐlｅ.24．D）Insuｌtｅd.25.B)Therｅsｈouｌdｂeａliｍittooｎｅ'sｓeｎsｅofhumouｒ填空：2６.prosｐｅｒｉng２7.deｃaｄe28.ｏpｐoｓite29.ｓustain30.Ｉnsimｐleterms3１.estaｂlish32．ｒeａsoｎaｂlｙ33.takeintoａｃcｏuｎt34.ｍiｓleading35.usｉｎgｕp選詞填空答案:3６Hpassiveｌy37Ｆharmfｕl38Iｐrｅvioｕsｌy39Lsuｒｆing40Cdecａde４1Ａcliｍbｅd４2Goutｃoｍｅs４3Eefｆective44Bｃonsuｍe4５Ddeｔermｉｎe閱讀答案:４6-55FBMＣEQGPJＤ56B)Well-educatｅdｐeoｐletendtowoｒk