山西省大同市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題

2023年1月山西省高三適應(yīng)性調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)（時(shí)間：120分鐘滿(mǎn)分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)的位置。2.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案用0.5毫米及以上黑色筆跡簽字筆寫(xiě)在答題卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。5.聽(tīng)力部分滿(mǎn)分30分，不計(jì)入總分。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.19.15. B.9.15. C.9.18.答案是B。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhertask?A.Boringandscaring. B.Interestingandamazing. C.Challengingandexciting.2.Whatdidthewomandointheholiday?A.Shepaidavisittoheraunt.B.Shereceivedvisitorsathome.C.SheC.Sheplayedoutwithherclassmates.3.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Stayathome. B.Findanewjob. C.Gotowork.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howserioustheaccidentwas.B.Wheretheaccidenthappened.C.Howmanypeoplewereinjured.5.Untilwhattimecanthewomanusetheroomtomorrowafternoon?A.12:00p.m. B.3:00p.m. C.5:30p.m.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhywillthewomangotoWashington?A.Tovisithersister. B.Tohaveclasses. C.Torelaxherself.7.HowlongwillthewomanstayinNewYork?A.Severalweeks. B.Acoupleofdays. C.Oneweek.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。Whatwastheman'soriginaldream?Tobeagymnast. B.Tobeachef. C.TobeaPEteacher.Whydoesthemantakeuprestaurantbusiness?Heisinterestedincooking.Hisfatheropensarestaurant.Hedoesn'twanttoleavehistown.10.Whatisprobablythewomandoing?A.Hostingaceremony. B.Makinganinterview. C.Chairingameeting.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarestaurant. B.Athome. C.Inacinema.12.What'swrongwithMichael？A.Hehadafever. B.Hegotinjured. C.Hecaughtacold.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydoafterthedinner?A.RingupMichaelimmediately.B.Haveawalkwithhisdaughter.C.Gotothecinemawithhiswife.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatisprobablytherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Classmates. C.Fatheranddaughter.15.What'stheman'sattitudetowardswashingcarstoraisemoney?A.Ambiguous. B.Objective. C.Disapproving.16.Whatwillthespeakersdotoearnmoneytohelpthepeopleintheearthquake?A.Hostarockconcertontheschoolfield.B.Volunteertobuysomenecessitiesforthem.C.Invitethreebandstoperformforthehomelesspeople.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmanysubjectswillbechangedforthemidtermteststhisyear?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.18.Whenwillthehistoryexambeheldthisyear?A.OnWednesday. B.OnFriday. C.OnThursday.19.Whatdoestheheadmasteradviseparentstodo?A.Arriveearly. B.Comebycar. C.Reserveaparkingplace.20.What'sthepurposeofthespeaker?A.TogiveanEnglishlecture.B.Tomakeanannouncement.C.Toarrangethemidtermtests.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題3分，滿(mǎn)分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWiththecostoflivingintheUnitedStatessoaring,moreandmorepeoplearesettingtheirsightsonaninternationaldestination.EcuadorForrealbargainhunters,Ecuadorischeapandsafewithaverycomfortableyear-roundclimate.Thecostoflivingforonepersoninthecountryis$750.Ecuadorisgeographicallydiversewithmilesofendlessbeaches,hillsandrainforests.Housingiseconomicalwiththeaveragerentforonepersoncostingaround$307permonth.CoatsRicaCostaRicaistheperfectplacetoliveabroadwithoutdepleting(耗盡)yoursavings.Thecostoflivingisaround$893andrentforonepersonrunsapproximately$406permonth.Thetropicaldestinationhascost-effectivehealthcare.Theweatherisgorgeous,thewateriswarmandthehousingishighlyaffordable.UruguayThecountryisexquisite(精美的)，offeringnearly400milesofcoast,rollingmountainsandfourdistinctseasons.Thecostoflivingisnearlyhalfofwhatitisinthestatesat$1,090andyoucanfindaniceapartmentatthereasonablepriceof$500permonth.PanamaPanamacouldbeagoodoptionforanyonetolivecheaply.ThecostoflivingisunderhalfofwhatitwouldcostintheU.S.at$1,040foroneperson.Rentrunsapproximately$530permonthandfoodtakesupanother$353,butoutsideofthatcostsareminimal.Thecountryhasamildclimateandoffersworld-classbeaches.21.Whichcountryhaseconomicalhealthcare?A.Ecuador.B.CostaRica.C.Uruguay.D.Panama.22.WhatmakesUruguayspecial?A.Itsreasonablerent.B.Itsgoodbargains.C.Itsdiverseclimates.D.Itscheapapartments.23.HowmuchisthecostoflivingintheUnitedStates?A.Closeto$1,090.B.Around$750.C.Under$893.D.Above$2,080.BTheideaofpeopletakingphotographsinfrontofVanGogh’sSunflowersorBotticelli’sTheBirthofVenuswasonceconsideredsounsatisfactorythatgalleriesbannedvisitorsfromusingselfie(自拍)sticks.However,thedisgustatsocialmediaplatformssuchasInstagramhasturnedintoabitofaloveaffair—withonegallerycreatingasessiontohelpvisitorstakebetterphotosandvideostosharewiththeirfollowers.TheOldRoyalNavalCollege,inGreenwich,southeastLondon,isreducingvisitornumbersonMondaysforitsMuseumoftheMoonartwork“forthoselookingfortheperfectInstashot”.Itwillsell400ticketsasessioninitsPaintedHallratherthantheusual800soinfluencerscanshowtheirbestsideswithoutthecrowds.Thecollege,whichisdisplayingaseven-metremodelofthemoon,createdbytheartistLukeJeram,tellsticketholders:“Posing,influencerphotoshootsandselfiesareencouraged.”SarahCodrington,headofmarketingatthecollege,said“SocialMediaMondays”werepartlyaboutappealingtoinfluencersbutalsofreeinguptherestoftheweekforvisitorswhomightbeinconveniencedbypeopledressingthemselvesupfortheirInstagramfeed.Jerram,whoseMuseumoftheMoonhasbeendisplayedinnumerousvenues,includingGloucesterCathedralandtheNaturalHistoryMuseum,said:“IhadnotbeenconsultedaboutSocialMediaMondaysbutapproved.Peoplesometimescomplainthattherearesomanypeopletherethattheyweren’thavingthebestexperience.Peoplewerelyingontheflooranddoingselfies.PartoftheIfunoftheartworkiswatchingothersinteractwithit.“Hesaidhewelcomedselfietakersbecausetheyusuallyputawaytheircamerasaftertenminutesandengagedwiththework.“Peoplearegoingtohavetheircloseencounterwiththemoon,notnecessarilytoseeanartwork,”hesaid.BrianSewell,thelateartcritic,oncewasdisappointedthatitwasimpossibletoseepaintings“becausepeoplearetoobusytakingphotos”.ButJeramsaidgalleriesshouldembraceit.“Noweveryoneistheirownmediaandbroadcastingcompany,”hesaid.“Theyarebroadcastingtheirexperienceoftheworld.”24.Whatdoesthegallerymentionedinparagraph1do?A.ItforcesvisitorsintousingInstagram.B.Itassistsvisitorsintakingphotographs.C.Itforbidsvisitorsfromusingselfiesticks.D.Itchargesvisitorsforsharingphotographs.25.What’sthepurposeof“SocialMediaMondays”?A.Toattractinfluencersofmedia.B.Tosellmoreticketsthanusual.C.Toshowthemodelofthemoon.D.Tomeetdifferentneedsofvisitors.26.WhatcanwelearnfromJerram’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.HeisproudofMuseumoftheMoon.B.HeobjectstoSocialMediaMondays.C.Selfie-takersprefertoenjoyartworks.D.Everyonecanbroadcastthemselves.27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Usefultipsontakingphotographs.B.Galleries’supportfortakingselfies.C.Theimportanceofusingsocialmedia.D.Aguidetovisitingartworksingalleries.CSuppliersofartificialgrasshavebeentoldtostopdescribingitas“environmentallyfriendly”andtoexpectenforcement(強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行)iftheydonotobey.TheAdvertisingStandardsAuthority,awatchdog,willpunishseverelyfirmsthatmaketheclaimaftercriticizingaleadingsupplierforsayingthatoneofitsproductswas“eco”with“noevidence”tobackitup.ThedecisionbythewatchdogfollowedacomplaintbythecampaigngroupPlasticsRebellion,whicharguedthatPerfectlyGreen's"Soul”eco-grasswasactuallyharmfultotheplanet.Inresponse,PerfectlyGreensaiditbelievedthattheproductwasenvironmentallyfriendlybecauseitdidnotneedtobewatered,didnotrequiremaintainingwithchemical-basedproductssuchaspesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑).However,theAdvertisingStandardsAuthoritysaidthattomaketheclaim,PerfectlyGreenwouldhavetoprovethatitwasnotharmfultotheenvironmentinanywaythroughoutitsfulllifecycle.Itaddedthatnosuchevidencehadbeenprovidedandtheclaimwasmisleading.Thewatchdogmadeitclearthatothersuppliersshouldreviewtheiruseoftheterm:“Thisofficialdecisionactsassettinganexampleandweexpectadvertisersforartificialgrasstotakenoteofourdecisionandactaccordingly.“Atpresentdozensofsuppliersareclaimingthattheirproductsarerecyclableandenvironmentallyfriendly.TheTimesunderstandsthatthewatchdogwillundertakea“compliancesweep”(合規(guī)清查)inthenearfuture,focusingonthosecompanies.JanetStorey,ofPlasticsRebellion,describedPerfectlyGreen'sclaimsas“greenwashing”.Shesaid:“Just9percentofplasticwastehasbeenrecycled,withanestimated79percentofallplasticwasteevercreatedeitherintheopenenvironmentorinlandfill.TonnesofplasticgrassareburntintheUKastherearenorecyclingfacilitieshere.”Sheaddedthatitcarriedecological,microplasticandclimatechangerisksand“causesanunhealthydisconnectfromnature”.Thegroupiscampaigningforabanonthesaleofplasticgrass,whichhassofarbeenrejectedbythegovernment.PerfectlyGreenagreedtoobeytheofficialdecisionandremovethewords“eco-grass”fromitsproduct’sname.28.WhywasthePerfectlyGreenblamed?A.Itsproductssetabadexample.B.Itlaunchedacampaignofprotest.C.Itwasn’tqualifiedasaleadingsupplier.D.Itsadvertisementdidn'tmatchitsproducts.29.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewatchdog?A.Todirectsuppliers’products.B.Tospeakforleadingcompanies.C.Todecidethecompanies’future.D.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.30.What’sJanetStorey’sattitudetotheartificialgrass?A.Favorable.B.Indifferent.C.Disapproving.D.Objective.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Eco-friendlyFakeGrassCutDowntoSizeB.ABanontheSaleofArtificialGrassC.Eco-grassDoesHarmtothePlanetD.TheRecyclingofPlasticWasteDAnacademicpaperpublishedinNatureHumanBehavioronJuly1suggestedsmarttechnologyisnotmakingpeoplemorestupidbutis,infact,freeingupbrainspacetoallowpeopletolearnmore.Thepapersaidthatdespitethefierceattackofsmarttechnologythathasinfluencedpeople’sdailylives,itactuallyassistspeopletobecomemoreexcellentratherthanlessintelligent.Forexample,ifapersonneedsdirectionsforhowtogettoanearbystadiumtoattendagame,withoutsmarttechnology,hewouldhavetofishoutamap,figureoutwherethestadiumisonthatmap,andthendetermineareasonableroutefromhiscurrentlocationtohisdestination.However,withsmarttechnology,thepersoncouldsimplytypeinthelocationandhavedirections,findparkingandevenpickaplacetoeatafterwardinmereminutes,freeinguproomintheirbrainstotakeinotherinformation.The“populardescription”surroundingsmarttechnologyisthatitblocksaperson’scognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilitiessuchasmemory,thepapercontinued.“Andwhenparticipantsexpectedinformationtolaterbeaccessibleonthecomputer,theywerelesslikelytorememberwhatitscontentwas,butmorelikelytorememberwhereitcouldbefound.Theseeffectsweretemporaryandtheyemergedwhenaccesstodigitaltechnologyorinformationstoredtherewasavailable,notwhenaccesswasunavailable,”thepapercontinued.Theresearchersdidrecognizethatlong-termuseofsmarttechnologydiddiminishpeople’sabilitiestoperformcognitivetaskssuchas“associationsofmediamultitaskingwithtaskswitching,episodic(片段的)memoryandattentionmissing.“However,theseimpactswereall“relevant,notcausal.”32.Whatdidthepaperfindaboutsmarttechnology?A.Itblocksmemoryabilities.B.Itgivesmemorymorespace.C.Itallowspeopletostudyless.D.Itmakespeoplemorebrilliant.33.Whydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinparagraph2?A.Toillustratetheimportanceofmaps.B.Todemonstratethefunctionofbrains.C.Toshowthewaysofchoosingdirections.D.Tostressthestrengthsofsmarttechnology.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”probablymean?A.Weaken.B.Maintain.C.Increase.D.Display.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Culture.B.Health.C.Science.D.Education.閱讀下面短文，全科免費(fèi)下載公眾號(hào)《高中僧課堂》從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。You’veprobablyheardofahybrid(雜交物種)infilmsorbooks.ThecentaursintheHarryPotterfilmsarehybridsofhumanandhorse.36Hybridizationoccursinbothplantsandanimals.37What’smore,manyplantsthatpeopleeat,fromstrawberriestocarrots,cornandpotatoes,havebeencreatedbyhybridization.Cos-breeding(雜交)sometimesoccurswhenanimalsnormalterritoryoverlaps(部分重疊).38thegrolarbearisahybridthathappenswhengrizzlyandpolarbearsmate.Astheenvironmentwarms,grizzliesinAlaskaandCanadawanderfurthernorth,bringingthemintocontactwithpolarbears.Artificialmixingoftenhappensinzoos,wheredifferentspeciesthatdon’tnormallymeetinthewildcanbeintroducedtoeachother.Ligers(lionandtigerhybrids)areunlikelytooccurinnature,becausetheonlyplacethattheirhabitatsoverlapistheGirForestinIndia.39Mixedspeciesaremorelikelytobebornwithhealthissuesthanotheranimals.Mosthybridsborninzoosareinfertile,whichmeanstheyareunabletohavebabies.However,manycross-breedsborninthewild,likethegrolarbear,canhavetheirownbabies. 40“It’spartoftheevolutionaryprocess,”hesays.Fertilehybridscanleadtothecreationofanewspeciesandincreasethevarietyoflivingthings.A.Wildlifeconservationisofsignificance.B.Didyouknowhybridizationisabiologicalprocess?C.That’sduetohabitatdestructionorchangingclimate.D.Didyouknowthathybridsappearinthenaturalworld,too?E.Jimmybelievesspecieshybridizationinnatureisagoodthing.F.Manyconservationiststhinkthatcreatinghybridsisabadthing.G.Livingthings,especiallyplants,willnaturallyhybridizeinthewild.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ForLaFont,abikewasalwaysavehicleofopportunity.Growingupinapoorfamily,heandhisbrotheroften41toandfromschool.Thepassioncontinuedintohiscollegedays.Hewouldalsospendhours42hisbikeinhisfrontlawn.In2010,43bylocalkidswhogatheredinhis44fortips,tools,andbikeparts,LaFont45“FrontYardBikeShop.”ThenLaFontbecameafull-timemiddleschoolhistoryteacher,andeveryyear,hesawthenumberof46inhisbikeprogramincreasing.Asateacher,healsosawhoweagerlyyoungpeopleinhisclassroomneededasafeafter-schoolspacebeforetheybecome47orlazybonesinstead.In2015,LaFontturnedFrontYardBikesintoa48operationandlefthisteachingjobto49allhistimetoit.“Thatwasquitea(n)50,”hesaid.“ButIthoughtitwas51.”Today,FrontYardBikesisaplacewherestudents52andlearntosaw,drill,measure,cutandwheretheylearntopaint,design,andplan.LaFontrecentlyopenedabikerepairshopwhereolderstudentscangetcertifiedinmechanics,receivehandsontrainingandgainemploymentatthestoretohelp53theirresume(簡(jiǎn)歷)forfuturework.FrontYardBikes54nearly400youngpeopleayear.Todate,50studentshavebeencertifiedinmechanics,and2,000kidshave55fromtheprogram.41.A.drove42.A.repairing43.A.guided44.A.school45.A.contacted46.A.users47.A.fundraisers48.A.full-time49.A.adjust50.A.blessing51.A.creativeB.walkedB.pushingB.inspiredB.storeB.imaginedB.employeesB.troublemakersB.non-profitB.devoteB.luckB.availableC.bikedC.sellingC.orderedC.yardC.joinedC.participantsC.bookwormsC.tradingC.spareC.opportunityC.secureD.skatedD.cleaningD.touchedD.gardenD.formedD.workersD.shopkeepersD.publicD.limitD.riskD.meaningful52.A.showup53.A.build54.A.unite55.A.learnedB.dropbyB.submitB.employB.benefitedC.hangaboutC.sendC.serveC.recoveredD.checkoutD.updateD.selectD.graduated閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaisdevelopinganew-generationlaunchvehicle56.(send)astronautstothemoon,whichwillbecompletedby2030.Thenewrocketwillbe90meterstall,andabletolift27tonnesofpayload(有效載荷)tothelunarorbit,CGTNlearnedfromtheAirshowChina57.(hold)insouthChina’sZhuhaiCityearlierthismonth,duringwhichamodeloftherocket58.(display).Thediameter(直徑)of59.(it)corewillbesimilartothatoftheLongMarch-5heavy-liftrocket,whichisfivemeters.TheLongMarch-5isChina'smost60.(power)launchvehiclecurrentlyinoperationalservice,61.amaximumpayloadcapacityof25tonnestolowEarthorbit(LEO).IthasbeenusedtosendChina'sthreespacestationmodules,62.(weigh)about66tonnes,intoLEO.Inadditionto63.newrocketformannedmission,Chinaisalsodevelopinganewcrewedcapsuleandalunarlander,64.willbeabletosendthreeastronautstothelunarorbitandallowtwoofthemtolandonthemoon.Meanwhile,Chinaisalsoworkingonaseriesofreusablespacelaunchandtransportsystemsthatwill65.(significant)boostitsspaceshuttlecapability,loweringcostsandempoweringfuturedevelopmentinthisarea.第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)假定你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)翻譯愛(ài)好者協(xié)