2023北京東城高三（上）期末英語（教師版）

第19頁/共19頁2023北京東城高三（上）期末英語本試卷共12頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。JenniferfindsCeceliareadinganewspaperaloneintheroom.“HiCecelia,doyou___1___me?Jennifer.”The91-year-oldresidentatNewburgheldercarecentersaysafriendlyhello,butdoesn’tseemtorecognizeJennifertoday.It’sonenicespringafternoon.JenniferinvitesCeceliatogodowntothe___2___.ShehelpsCeceliaheadtotheelevator.Ceceliawheelsherselfforward,asJennifer___3___guidesherfrombehind.ThetwohavebeengettingtoknoweachotheroverthepastfewmonthssinceJennifer,therecentBostonUniversitygraduate,begantovolunteerinthecenter,___4___residentswithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默癥).Downinthecourtyard,Ceceliabeginsreadingapoem,slowlyandlyrically(抒情地).Jenniferlistensattentively,andthenasksifCeceliaknowswhowrotethepoem，tohelpherwitha“___5___stretch”.Together,theyreflectonthepoem’smeaning.Cecelia’sdeepunderstandingofthepoemsuggeststhatsheissucha___6___lady.JennifertellsCecelia,“You’retheonewhomakesme___7___cominghereeveryweek.Ilovelearningfromyou.You’relikemyteacher.”“Yougivetheoldpeoplea___8___tothinkandtoknowtheygetgoodcare,”Ceceliareplies.Jennifer’srelationshipwithCeceliahasplayedanimportantrolein___9___herpassionforlookingafteroldergenerations.“Weshouldtaketimetolistentothem.Justlisteningisanactof_____10_____,”Jennifersays.1.A.hear B.understand C.trust D.remember2.A.courtyard B.center C.elevator D.room3.A.bravely B.lightly C.gratefully D.immediately4.A.relyingon B.lookinginto C.appealingto D.caringfor5.A.hand B.leg C.brain D.back6.A.frank B.wise C.modest D.humorous7.A.lookforwardto B.payattentionto C.giveinto D.objectto8.A.dream B.method C.chance D.plan9.A.rediscovering B.exchanging C.consuming D.shaping10.A.friendship B.kindness C.loyalty D.courage第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。SharonBrown____11____(win)aWomeninInnovationawardin2021forherworkindevelopingabloodtestthatcanhelptoidentifycancerquickerandmoreaccurately.Theawardwasgivenbyanorganisation____12____(call)InnovateUKforInternationalWomen’sDaycelebrations.Sharonisoneof38womenfromtheUKtohavereceivedtheaward.Theawardaimstosupportbrilliantwomento____13____(full)achievetheirvisionsandchangetheworldinfuture.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。LanguageDaysattheUnitedNationsseek____14____(celebrate)culturaldiversityandpromoteequalusageoftheofficiallanguages.Therearesixdaysforeachofthesixofficiallanguages.TheChineselanguageisoneofthesixofficiallanguageschosenbytheUnitedNations,andUNChineseLanguageDay____15____(hold)onApril20everyyear.ThedatewasselectedfromGuyu,____16____isthe6thof24solartermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Self-disciplineisessentialforeveryperson,regardlessof____17____(he)age,classorprofession.Itshowsaperson’scharacterandhelpshimbuildrelationshipswiththosearoundhim.Italsohelpsinmakinggooduseoftheavailabletime.Andthis____18____(result)inincreasedproductivityandenhancedefficiency.Peoplewhopracticeself-disciplinearealwaysrespected____19____society.Itisproved____20____smallchangesinroutinelifesuchassleepingandwakingupatthesametimeeachday,eatinghealthyfood,exercisingandsettinggoalscanhelpinachievingself-discipline.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡.上將該項涂黑。ATHEARCHAEOLOGY(考古學)OFENVIRONMENTALCHANGESpring2023Instructor:Dr.JeanSmithOffice:No,280Tel:170-735-6511E-mail:jean-smith@OfficeHours:Tuesday9-11am.Ifyouprefer,Iamhappytosetupameetingonline.Ifyouhavequestions,pleaseemailme.Icheckmyemailsatleastonceaday,5daysperweekandwillrespondtoallquestionswithin24hours,exceptonweekendsandholidays.“Environmentalchange”hasbecomeoneofthemostdebatedtopicsofourtime.Butisenvironmentalchangeanewphenomenon?Orhavehumansbeenfacedwithclimatechangeandbeenactiveagentsofenvironmentalchangeoverlongerperiodsoftime?Youwillfindanswersinthiscourse.LearningOutcomesInthiscourse,studentswillanalyzearangeofissuesrelatedtohuman-environmentinteractions.Forexample，studentswillanalyzehowdifferenthumaneconomicmotivationshaveaffectedtheirenvironmentsthroughtime.Studentswillexaminehowhumanactionscanaffecttheenvironment,andhowglobalenvironmentalchangecanaffecthumansocietiesandculturalheritageresourceslocallyindifferentways.Studentswillcompareandcontrastmodernresponsestoclimatechangewiththoseofpastsocieties.Bytheendoftheterm,studentsshouldbeabletodemonstrateabasicunderstandingoftheapproachestoenvironmentalreconstructionandarchaeologicalanalysis.CoursePlanThisisaWebCoursedeliveredcompletelyonline,whichmeansyouworkonthematerialsandturnassignmentsinonorbeforetheduedate.Youwillaccessonlinevideolectures,readings,films,assignments,quizzes,andresources.Accordingly,youmusthaveaccesstoafunctionalcomputerandareliableInternetconnection.RequiredReadingsBecauseofthevastnessofthetopicmatterforthisclass,thereisnorequiredtextbook.Instead,readingassignmentswillcomefromresearcharticles.Youmaypurchaseorborrowbooksfromthelibraryafteryougetthebooklist.Note:Thisdocumentisacourseplan,notalegalcontract.Ifyouhavequestions,talktomeduringmyofficehour.21.WhatdoweknowaboutDr.Smith’sworkschedule?A.Sherepliestostudents’emailseveryday.B.Shearrangesonlinemeetingsonweekends.C.Sheisavailableinherofficetwohoursaweek.D.Shemeetsstudentsfacetofacefivedaysaweek.22.Oneofthelearningfocusesofthecourseis_____.A.howculturalheritagehasaffectedlocalsocietyB.howhumanshaveadjustedtohistoricalchangesC.howhumanactionshaveinfluencedtheenvironmentD.howpresentclimateisdifferentfromthatinthepast23.Whatshouldstudentsdobeforethecourse?A.Preparedevices. B.Buytextbooks. C.Pickabooklist. D.Dosomeresearch.BEversinceIwasayoungboy,I’vehadatasteforadventure,butIneverimaginedthiswouldleadtomychosencareer.Myworkasanexpeditiondoctorhastakenmeallovertheworld,frommosquito-infestedwetlandinAfricatotheuntouchedwildernessofAntarctica.However,myfavouritetrips,andtheonesinwhichInowspecialize,arethoseinvolvingmountains.NeverdoIfeelmoreinspiredbynaturethanwhenIlookupattheirtoweringpeaksandbegintopreparemyselfmentallyforthechallengesahead.ItrainedasadoctorintheUK,buttherewaslittleinthattrainingtopreparemetodealwithabrokenlegduringastormonthesideofamountain!Infact,I’dsaythatmedicalskillscomesomewaydownthelistofjobrequirements,afterstamina(耐力),problem-solvingandcommunication.Thiskindofmedicinemillionmilesawayfromthecontrolled,cleanenvironmentofahospital,andyourmedicalkitbasicallyconsistsofwhateveryoucancarry,soyousometimeshavetousewhateverisavailable.Forexample,I’velearnedthatsomedrugscanbeusedforseveralconditions,andI’veevenhadtocutbranchesoffasmalltreetomakeapieceofwoodtosupportabrokenarm.NowIdomostofmyworkforadventureholidaycompanies,travellingtoremoteplaces.WhenIstartedout,theseholidayswerequiterare，buttheyhavebecomemuchmoremainstreamnowthatwe’veallseencelebritiesclimbingKilimanjaroorwatchedrealityshowsaboutpeopleexploringjungles.Idohavemixedfeelingsaboutallthesepeoplewithlargeamountsofincomecomingtopoorareasjustfortheirownenjoyment,soItrytomakesurethatthecompaniesIworkforhavehighmoralstandardsandbringadvantagestothelocalcommunities.Andofcourse,tourismprovidesemployment,andalsoopenstheeyesofvisitorstothehardshipthatmanypeopleareforcedtogothrough.24.Whatmadetheauthorchoosehiscareer?A.Hisloveofnature. B.Hisdesireforadventure.C.Histalentformedicine. D.Hissenseofresponsibility.25.Whatisthebiggestchallengefortheauthorduringthetrips?A.Reducingpotentialrisks. B.Survivinginthewild.C.Adaptingtolocalcustoms. D.Dealingwithemergencies.26.Accordingtotheauthor,thecompanieshenowworksforshould.A.satisfytouristsandmakeprofitsB.offertouristschallengesandsecurityC.benefitlocalpeopleaswellastouristsD.buildtourists’mentalandphysicalwell-beingCEveryrobotistrainedinsomewaytodoatask.Byseeingwhattodo,robotscancopythewayofdoingthetask.Buttheydosounthinkingly,perhapsrelyingonsensorstotrytoreducecollision(碰撞)risks,ratherthanhavinganyunderstandingofwhytheyareperformingthetaskorwheretheyarewithinphysicalspace.Itmeanstheywilloftenmakemistakes—hittingtheobjectintheirway,forinstance.HodLipsonandhiscolleaguesaretryingtofacethechallenge.Theyplacedarobotarminalaboratorywhereitwassurroundedbyfourcamerasatgroundlevelandonecameraaboveit.Thesefedvideoimagesbacktoadeepneural(神經的)network,aformofAI,connectedtotherobotthatmonitoreditsmovementwithinthespace.For3hours,therobotarmmovedrandomlyandtheneuralnetworkwasfedinformationaboutthearm'smechanicalinputsandwatchedhowitrespondedbyseeingwhereitmovedtointhespace.Thisgeneratednearly8,000datapoints—andtheteamgeneratedanadditional10,000throughasimulation(模擬)oftherobotinavirtualversionofitsenvironment.TotesthowwelltheAIhadworked,acloud-likediagramwasgeneratedtoshowwheretheneuralnetwork“thought”thearmshouldbefoundasitmoved.Itwasaccuratetowithin1percent,meaningiftheworkspacewas1metrewide,thesystemcorrectlyestimateditspositiontowithin1centimetre.Iftheneuralnetworkisconsideredtobepartoftherobotitself,thissuggeststherobothastheabilitytovisualisewhereitphysicallyisatanygivenmoment.“Tome,thisisthefirsttimeinthehistoryofroboticsthatarobothasbeenabletocreateamentalmodelofitself,”saysLipson.“It’sasmallstep,butit’sasignofthingstocome.”Learningabouttheresearch,AndrewHundtattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologysays,“Thereispotentialforfurtherresearchtoleadtousefulapplicationsbasedonthismethod,butnotself-perception.Thecomputersimplymatchesshapeandmotionpatternsthathappentobeintheshapeofarobotarmthatmoves.”DavidCameronattheUniversityofSheffield,UK,alsosaysthatfollowingaspecifiedpathtocompleteagoaliseasilyachievedbyexistingrobots.27.HodLipson’sworkfocusesonrobots.A.flexibility B.self-awarenessC.deep-learningability D.errorcorrection28.Whatisthefunctionoftheneuralnetworkintheexperiment?A.Toprocessandtransformneuralinformation.B.TostudyandsimulateAI’svirtualenvironment.C.Toanalyseandpredictthearm’spositionchanges.D.Torecordandoutputthevideoimagesoftherobot.29.Asfortheresultoftheexperiment,AndrewHundtis.A.sympathetic B.contentC.uncertain D.disapproving30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Todiscussascientificconcept.B.Toassessascientificfinding.C.Tointroduceascienceapplication.D.Topresentascienceresearch.DHardlyadaygoesbywithoutacompanytellingusinitsbeautifullycraftedadvertisinghowmuchitcontributestotheenvironmentonourbehalf.Flowersgrowoutofpower-stationchimneys;SUVsarepresentedinnaturalhabitats;oilcompaniesusesunny,friendlylogosandpromisecleanertechnologies-although,infact,theyfailtomakeenoughinvestmentinrenewableoralternativeenergysources.Statisticsaremadeup,andthetiniestecologicalimprovementsareoverstatedinmulti-million-dollaradvertisingcampaigns,whileinthemeantimethegreedysideofthebusinesscontinues.Thisisknownasgreenwashing,whichmeans“makingthingsthatarenotgreenlookgreen”.ThephenomenonhaslongexistedsincethefirstEarthDayin1970,whencompaniesspent$300millionadvertisingthemselvesasgreencompanies—manytimesmorethanthemoneytheyactuallyspentonresearchintopollutionreductionitself.Andthetrendcontinuedoverthefollowingdecadeswhensomeoftheplanet’sworstpolluterstriedtopassthemselvesoffaseco-friendly.Asthepublic’senvironmentalawarenessgrew,sotoodidtheexperienceofcorporatepublicrelationsstrategies,andadvertisersfoundever-more-creativewaystouseagreencurtaintohidedarkmotives.Ofcourse,somebusinessesaregenuinelycommittedtomakingtheworldabetter,greenerplace.Butwhenacompanyspendsmoretimeandmoneyclaimingtobe“green”thanactuallyadoptingbusinesspracticesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact,itisclearthat,forthem,environmentalismislittlemorethanaconvenientslogan(口號).Theirmessageis“buyourproductsandyouwillendglobalwarming,improveairqualityandsavetheoceans”.Atbest,suchgreenwashingpushesthefacttoitslimits;atworst,ithelpsconcealdeception.Andwhatabouttodaysconsumers?Fewofthemaretrulywell-equippedtomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhatistrue.Greenwashingisonlypossiblebecauseconsumersoftenbelievewhattheyarebeingtold-whyelsewouldcompaniesdoit?Moreinformationandgreaterawarenessareessential.Analysingthetricksusedbyadvertisersshouldbepartofeveryschoolcurriculum.Non-governmentalorganisationscanspreadtheword.Consumergroupscanpunishthegreenwashingcompanies.Butitisnotenough.Legallyenforceablesystemsmustbeputinplace.Sowhatisalreadybeingdoneaboutplannedattemptstopullthewooloverconsumers’eyes?IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommissionistakingactionagainstmisleadingadvertisingclaims.FrancehaspublishedGreenClaimsGuidance,stressingthat“anadvertisementmustavoidconveyingamessagecontrarytotheacceptedprinciplesofsustainabledevelopment”.Allofthesesurelyaretheheartofthematter:thetrueimpactofadvertisingisthepromotionofunsustainablelifestyles.Andthereinliestherealdangertoourplanet,adangerwhichcannotbeignoredanylonger.31.Whatcanwelearnaboutgreenwashing?A.Itisanecologicalconcept.B.Itisamarketingtechnique.C.Itisanawarenesscampaign.D.Itisanadvertisinginnovation.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“concealdeception”inParagraph3mean?A.Hidethetruth. B.Raisetherisk.C.Exposetheweakness. D.Breakthelimit.33.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmostconsumers?A.Theyarelackinginknowledge.B.Theyhaveencouragedgreenwashing.C.Theymayquestionconsumergroups.D.Theytendtomakesensibledecisions.34.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Actionstofightfalseadvertising.B.Waystoprotectcustomers’interest.C.Attemptstosolveenvironmentalproblems.D.Proposalstoensuresustainabledevelopment.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Isfashionimportanttoyou?____35____Fromthosewhoweartrendyrippedjeansandloose-fittingT-shirtstothosewhowearsmarttailoredsuitsandexpensivedesigneroutfits,eachindividualcanhavetheirownstyle.____36____Andwhatimpactcanthishaveontheirself-expression?Arguably,onefactorthatinfluenceswhatpeoplewearistheneedtoimpressothers.Peoplewhodresswellandkeepupwiththelateststylesseemtobemorenoticedthanthosewhoarenotconcernedabouttheirappearance.____37____Inthiswaytheyassumeanidentitywhichmakesthemfeeltheyimpress.Yet,bycopyinggenerallooks,peopleactuallycan’tshowtheirindividuality.Atthesametime,fashionisperceivedbysomeasatoolforsuccessandonethatrepresentswealthorrespectablesocialposition.Forinstance,peopleintentionallytrytoraisetheirstatusbywearingfamousbrandsorexpensiveclotheswhichareadmiredbyothers.____38____Theyarejustthemeanstopromoteaspecificimageofpowerandcontrol.Inthiscase,fashiondoesnotexpresspersonalindividualitybutcouldperhapsbesaidtogiveafalseimpressionofappearanceforaspecificpurpose.Thatbeingsaid,followingfashionmaynothaveanythingtodowithcopyingcurrenttrendsbutwithusingthemasaninspirationtocreateoutfitsexpressingindividuality.____39____Addingglamhereandthere,rollingupapairoftrousersorevenwearingtwodifferentshoescanbeconsideredaformofself-expressiondemonstratingoriginality.Havingconsideredallthis,tomywayofthinking,fashioncanbeusedasameansofcommunicationandawaytocommunicateyourself-imagetopeoplearoundyou.Asafamousdesigneroncesaid,“Fashionisinstantlanguage.”A.Isitatrendwemustfollow?B.Butwhyarepeoplefollowingfashion?C.Formostpeopleitis,atleasttosomeextent.D.Forthisreason,peoplewearfashionableclothing.E.Theseclothesarenotactuallygivingapersonalstatementofthewearer.F.Therearealwaysfashionfollowers,eventhoughfashionisconstantlychanging.G.Anexampleofthisisreformingfashionablepiecesandmakingsmallpersonalizedchanges.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。CrystalbreathedinthesweetJanuaryair.Itwasacold,sunnyday.Sunlightshonebetweenthebranchesandfellontothestreet.Itwassoquiet,thisneighborhood.Wanderingdowntheroadataleisurelypace,Crystalnoticedanopencurtaininthewindowofoneneighbor.Theywerebusilytypingontheirhomenetwork.Remoteworkers,obviously.Crystal’sglanceshiftedtoakidwhohadjustcomehomefromschool.Helookeddowntothecellphoneinhishand.“Hey，kid!”Crystalwaved.Theboydidn’traisehead,somegamekeepinghisattention.Crystalsighedandclosedhereyes.Ittookherbacktowhenshewasalittlegirlbackinthelate1980s.Neighborskneweachotherbynamethen.Crystal’sbestfriendAnnewasthenextdoorneighbor.Theyoftenplayedforhoursusingimaginarynamesforfar-offplaces,pretendingtobeordosomethingtheyhopedsomedaytheycouldbeordo.Nowadays,topretendtobesomewhereelse,youcouldjustclickonsomerandomprogramforavirtualrealityvideoofItalyorAustralia,andyourwishwasinstantlysatisfied.Youcoulddothatalone.Andifyouneededapersontochatwith,youcouldpickarandompersoninyourinterestgrouponline.“Youdon’tneedneighborsanymore,”Crystalcommentedtoherself.Andyet,thereissomuchthatcanbemissedforthesimplertimes.Thosewhogrowupnotknowingtheinvisibleperson-to-personsimplicityofbeingagoodneighbor,havemissedanentirepieceintheirmaturity.It’snotaboutpersonalspace.It’saboutbeingthereforanotherperson.Howcouldametalchipreplacealife?Crystalcouldneverunderstand.Assheturnedontoherhomesidewalk,shenoticedalittlegirlabout5yearsoldlookingconfusedandafraid.Therewasnocoatonherthinarms.Mustbesomeneighbor’sgirl.Crystalwasveryconcerned.Wherewereherparents?“Areyoualrighthoney?”Crystalasked.40.WhydidtheboygivenoresponsetoCrystal?_____________________________________________________________________________________41.WhatdidCrystaldowithhernextdoorneighborinherchildhood?_____________________________________________________________________________________42.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.?Crystalbelievedthattechnologyadvancedandtherelationshipwithneighborsmatteredlessthanbefore._____________________________________________________________________________________43.Whatdoyouthinktherelationshipbetweenneighborsshouldbelikenowadays?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。市青年聯(lián)合會面向全球發(fā)起“青春之歌”主題原創(chuàng)詩歌征集活動。請你用英文給英國好友Jim寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：1.介紹活動；2.邀請參與。參考詞匯：青年聯(lián)合會YouthFederation注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.D5.C6.B7.A8.C9.D10.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了義工詹妮弗照顧養(yǎng)老院91老人塞西莉亞的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：嗨，塞西莉亞，你還記得我嗎？我是詹妮弗。A.hear聽；B.understand理解；C.trust相信；D.remember記得。根據(jù)下文“Jennifer”以及“butdoesn’tseemtorecognizeJennifertoday.”可知，詹妮弗問塞西莉亞是否記得她。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詹妮弗邀請塞西莉亞到院子里去。A.courtyard庭院；B.center中心；C.elevator電梯；D.room房間。根據(jù)下文“Downinthecourtyard”可知，詹妮弗邀請塞西莉亞到院子里去。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：塞西莉亞向前推進，詹妮弗輕輕地從后面引導她。A.bravely勇敢地；B.lightly輕輕地；C.gratefully感激地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)常識可知，塞西莉亞是個91歲的老人且坐著輪椅，所以要輕輕地引導她。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：最近幾個月，波士頓大學畢業(yè)生詹妮弗開始在該中心做志愿者，照顧患有阿爾茨海默病的居民，這兩人就開始相互了解。A.relyingon依靠；B.lookinginto調查；C.appealingto呼吁；D.caringfor照顧，關心。根據(jù)下文“theygetgoodcare”可知，波士頓大學畢業(yè)生詹妮弗開始在該中心做志愿者，照顧患有阿爾茨海默病的居民。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詹妮弗全神貫注地聽著，然后問塞西莉亞是否知道這首詩是誰寫的，以幫助她“腦洞大開”。A.hand手；B.leg腿；C.brain大腦；D.back后背。根據(jù)上文“asksifCeceliaknowswhowrotethepoem”以及下文“Together,theyreflectonthepoem’smeaning.”可知，然后問塞西莉亞是否知道這首詩是誰寫的，以幫助她“腦洞大開”（恢復記憶）。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：塞西莉亞對這首詩的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聰明的女士。A.frank坦率的；B.wise聰明的；C.modest謙虛的；D.humorous幽默的。根據(jù)上文“Cecelia’sdeepunderstandingofthepoem”可知，塞西莉亞對這首詩的深刻理解表明她是一位如此聰明的女士。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：詹妮弗告訴塞西莉亞：你是那個讓我期待每周來到這里的人。A.lookforwardto期望；B.payattentionto注意；C.giveinto屈服；D.objectto反對。根據(jù)下文“Ilovelearningfromyou.You’relikemyteacher.”可知，詹妮弗告訴塞西莉亞：你是那個讓我期待每周來到這里的人。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你給老人們一個思考的機會，讓他們知道自己得到了很好的照顧，”塞西莉亞回答。A.dream夢想；B.method方法；C.chance機會；D.plan計劃。根據(jù)下文“tothinkandtoknowtheygetgoodcare”可知，你給老人們一個思考的機會，讓他們知道自己得到了很好的照顧。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：詹妮弗與塞西莉亞的關系在塑造她照顧老年人的熱情方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。A.rediscovering重新發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.exchanging交流；C.consuming消費；D.shaping形成、塑造。根據(jù)上文“You’retheonewhomakesme___7___cominghereeveryweek.Ilovelearningfromyou.You’relikemyteacher.”以及下文“herpassionforlookingafteroldergenerations.”可知，詹妮弗與塞西莉亞的關系在塑造她照顧老年人的熱情方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：傾聽是一種善意的行為。A.friendship友誼；B.kindness善意；C.loyalty忠誠；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文“begantovolunteerinthecenter”以及“l(fā)istening”可知，傾聽是一種善意的行為。故選B項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.won12.called13.fully【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了莎倫·布朗于2021年獲得了女性創(chuàng)新獎?！?1題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：莎倫·布朗于2021年獲得了女性創(chuàng)新獎，因為她開發(fā)了一種血液測試，可以幫助更快、更準確地識別癌癥。分析句子結構可知，本句缺少謂語動詞，所以win做本句謂語，和主語SharonBrown之間是主動關系，根據(jù)時間狀語in2021可知應該用一般過去時。故填won?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：該獎項是由一個名為InnovateUK的組織為慶祝國際婦女節(jié)而頒發(fā)的。分析句子結構可知，本句已有謂語wasgiven，所以call應該用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是organisation，兩者間是被動關系，應該用過去分詞表被動，作后置定語。故填called。【13題詳解】考查副詞。句意：該獎項旨在支持杰出女性充分實現(xiàn)自己的愿景，并在未來改變世界。分析句子結構可知，空處修飾空后的動詞achieve，所以應該用副詞作狀語，full的副詞形式是fully。故填fully。【答案】14.tocelebrate15.isheld16.which【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了聯(lián)合國的語言日。聯(lián)合國漢語日是在每年的4月20日?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：聯(lián)合國的語言日旨在慶祝文化多樣性，促進官方語言的平等使用。分析句子結構可知，此處考查固定搭配：seektodosth意為“企圖、試圖干某事”。故填tocelebrate?！?5題詳解】考查主謂一致和語態(tài)。句意：漢語是聯(lián)合國選定的六種官方語言之一，每年的4月20日為“聯(lián)合國漢語日”。分析句子結構可知，本句是and連接的并列句，后句缺少謂語動詞，所以hold做本句謂語，和主語UNChineseLanguageDay之間是被動關系，應該用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)標志詞everyyear可知，應該用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填isheld?！?6題詳解】考查定語從句關系詞。句意：這一天選自谷雨，是24節(jié)氣中的第6個節(jié)氣。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，從句缺少主語，現(xiàn)行詞是Guyu，指物，應該用which引導。故填which。【答案】17.his18.results19.in20.that【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章講述了自律對每個人來說都是必要的。它展示了一個人的性格，并幫助他與他周圍的人建立關系。它還有助于充分利用可用的時間。自律是有益的。日常生活中的小改變都有助于實現(xiàn)自律?！?7題詳解】考查代詞。句意：自律對每個人來說都是必要的，無論他的年齡、階級或職業(yè)。修飾名詞age，classorprofession用形容詞性物主代詞作定語，故填his。【18題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這導致提高生產力和增長效率。分析句子可知，resultin作謂語，文章講述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語this是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故填results。【19題詳解】考查介詞。句意：自律的人總是受到社會的尊重。insociety“在社會上”，是固定短語，根據(jù)句意，故填in。【20題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：據(jù)證明，日常生活中的小改變，比如每天在同一時間睡覺和起床，吃健康的食物，鍛煉和設定目標，都有助于實現(xiàn)自律。分析句子可知，空處引導主語從句，it是形式主語，從句句意完整，成分齊全，用連接詞that引導主語從句，故填that。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇通知。文章主要介紹了一個大學課程“環(huán)境變化的考古學”的課程信息以及上這門課的注意事項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“OfficeHours(坐班時間）”段落中第一句“OfficeHours:Tuesday9-11am.(辦公時間是每星期二上午九點至十一點。)”可知，史密斯博士每周只有周二上午九點至十一點兩個小時在辦公室，其余時間都是網(wǎng)上辦公。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“LearningOutcomes(學習成果)”部分第一段中的“Inthiscourse,studentswillanalyzearangeofissuesrelatedtohuman-environmentinteractions.(在本課程中，學生將分析一系列與人與環(huán)境相互作用有關的問題。)”和第二段中“Studentswillexaminehowhumanactionscanaffecttheenvironment,(學生將研究人類行為如何影響環(huán)境，)”可知，本課程的重點在于研究人類行為是如何影響環(huán)境的。故選C項。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“CoursePlan(課程計劃)”部分中的“Accordingly,youmusthaveaccesstoafunctionalcomputerandareliableInternetconnection.(因此，你必須有一臺功能正常的電腦和可靠的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接。)”可知，學生在開課前必須要把電腦和網(wǎng)絡等電子設備準備好。故選A項?！敬鸢浮?4.B25.D26.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者的職業(yè)經歷。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EversinceIwasayoungboy,I’vehadatasteforadventure,butIneverimaginedthiswouldleadtomychosencareer.”（從我還是個小男孩開始，我就喜歡冒險，但我從未想過這會導致我選擇的職業(yè)。）可知，對冒險的渴望使得作者選擇了他的職業(yè)。故選B項。25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ItrainedasadoctorintheUK,buttherewaslittleinthattrainingtopreparemetodealwithabrokenlegduringastormonthesideofamountain!Infact,I’dsaythatmedicalskillscomesomewaydownthelistofjobrequirements,afterstamina(耐力),problem-solvingandcommunication.”（我曾在英國接受過醫(yī)生培訓，但在那次培訓中，我?guī)缀鯖]有做什么準備，以應對在山邊暴風雨中折斷的腿！事實上，我想說的是，醫(yī)療技能在工作要求列表中排在了耐力、解決問題和溝通之后）根據(jù)第四段“Thiskindofmedicinemillionmilesawayfromthecontrolled,cleanenvironmentofahospital,andyourmedicalkitbasicallyconsistsofwhateveryoucancarry,soyousometimeshavetousewhateverisavailable.”（這種藥物遠離醫(yī)院可控的，干凈的環(huán)境，你的醫(yī)療包基本上包括你能攜帶的任何東西，所以你有時不得不使用任何可用的東西。）可知，作者在旅行中面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是處理緊急情況。故選D項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“soItrytomakesurethatthecompaniesIworkforhavehighmoralstandardsandbringadvantagestothelocalcommunities.Andofcourse,tourismprovidesemployment,andalsoopenstheeyesofvisitorstothehardshipthatmanypeopleareforcedtogothrough.”（所以我努力確保我工作的公司具有高道德標準，并為當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)帶來優(yōu)勢。當然，旅游業(yè)提供了就業(yè)機會，也讓游客看到了許多人被迫經歷的艱難）可知，根據(jù)作者的說法，他