2023北京通州高二（上）期末英語（教師版）

第16頁/共16頁2023北京通州高二（上）期末英語本試卷共8頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，28分)第一節(jié)(共9小題;每小題2分，共18分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AApprovedandProhibitedItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.PleasenotethatanyprohibiteditemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(組合密碼)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingRulesStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波爐)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.QuietHoursResidentialbuildingsmustmaintainanatmospherethatsupportstheacademicmissionoftheUniversity.Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.Studentswhogoagainstquiethoursaresubjecttoafineof$25.1.Whichofthefollowingitemsareallowedinstudentrooms?A.Candlesandradios. B.Ceilingfansandwaterbeds.C.TVsandHairdryers. D.Personalcomputersandsunlamps.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingrules?A.Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen. B.Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C.Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking. D.Amicrowaveovencanbeused.3.Whencanstudentsenjoyapartyinresidences?A.00:30am,Saturday. B.11:30pm,Monday.C.7:00am,Sunday. D.7:30am,Thursday.BScientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage(垃圾).Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld’sbestareasforbeachcombing(海灘搜尋)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.4.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout________.A.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident B.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesC.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissing D.whatcausedtheshippingaccident5.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels. B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.C.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary. D.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.6.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.B.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.C.Tocallpeople’sattentiontooceanpollution.D.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.CBrrriiinnng.Thealarmclockannouncesthestartofanotherbusyweekdayinthemorning.Youjumpoutofbed,rushintotheshower,intoyourclothesandoutthedoorwithhardlyamomenttothink.Astressfuljourneytoworkgetsyourbloodpressureclimbing.Onceattheoffice,youglancethroughthenewspaperwithdepressingstoriesorreportsofdisasters.Inthatsortofmood,whocangetdowntowork,particularlysomecreative,originalproblem-solvingwork?Thewaymostofusspendourmorningsisexactlyoppositetotheconditionsthatpromoteflexible,open-mindedthinking.Imaginativeideasaremostlikelytocometouswhenwe’reunfocused.Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.Sleepypeople’slackoffocusleadstoanincreaseincreativeproblemsolving.Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.Thetripyoutaketoworkdoesn’thelp,either.Thestressslowsdownthespeedwithwhichsignalstravelbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)細(xì)胞),makinginspirationslesslikelytooccur.Andwhileweallshouldreadalotaboutwhat’sgoingonintheworld,itwouldnotmakeyoufeelgoodforsure,soputthatnewswebsiteornewspaperasideuntilaftertheday’sworkisdone.Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?We’dsetthealarmafewminutesearlyandlieawakeinbed,followingourthoughtswheretheylead.We’dstandalittlelongerunderthewarmwateroftheshower,stoppingthinkingabouttasksinfavorofafewmoreminutesofrelaxation.We’dtakesomedeepbreathsonourwaytowork,insteadofcomplainingaboutheavytraffic.Andonceintheoffice—afterwegetacupofcoffee—we’dclickonlinksnottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideosthewebhastooffer.7.Accordingtotheauthor,wearemorecreativewhenweare________.A.busy B.awake C.focused D.relaxed8.By“tuneintoyourwanderingmind”inParagraph2,theauthormeans“________”.A.switchtothetrafficchannel B.stopconcentratingonanythingC.listentoabeautifultune D.wanderintothewild9.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto________.A.advocatediversewaysoflife B.establisharoutineforthefutureC.offerpracticalsuggestions D.summarizepastexperiences第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.____10____Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?____11____First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.____12____So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectiveskeepinginmindyourbeliefsvaluesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.____13____Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.____14____Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutenoughmotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.B.Communicationhelpstounderstandeachother.C.Thiscanaffectyourwork.D.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.E.Sowhyshouldwetrytofindsupportingevidence?F.Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?G.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.第二部分：知識運用(共三節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirstrecognizedbackin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetaneducation,hewasstrugglingagainstmany____15____.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn’t____16____theboardatcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivitiesbecausehedidn’thavethetimeorthe____17____.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetriedforthefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo____18____.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcould____19____himfromachievinghisrealpotential.She____20____thatDalejointhedebatingteambecauseshebelievedthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgivehimthe____21____andtherecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts____22____madeit.Thisprovedtobea____23____pointinhislife.BythetimeDalewasasenior,he____24____everytophonorinspeech.Outofthisearlystruggletoovercomehisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson’sconfidence.And,withit,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo-andsocouldothers.15.A.shortcomings B.thoughts C.difficulties D.enemies16.A.afford B.choose C.occupy D.change17.A.talents B.clothes C.permits D.hobbies18.A.outgoing B.flexible C.optimistic D.light19.A.protect B.prevent C.save D.free20.A.insisted B.demanded C.suggested D.required21.A.progress B.experience C.praise D.confidence22.A.finally B.certainly C.hopefully D.naturally23.A.breaking B.turning C.ending D.linking24.A.hadtouched B.hadnoticed C.hadwon D.hadpicked第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However,____25____concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.Hechosetostudyagriculture.Heconductedresearchanddevelopedhybridrice.YuanLongpingisoneofChina’smostfamous____26____(scientist)andheisknownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”.HisslimbutstrongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,to____27____hehasdevotedhislife.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenmyfamilyandIhadjustarrivedinChina,wewentlookingforagoodplacetoeatinBeijing.ASichuanrestaurant____28____(recommend)tousbyafriend,andfinally,wefoundit.____29____(tire),hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.Withthis,wehadthepleasureofexperiencingan____30____(entire)newtaste:Sichuanpeppercorns.Thefoodwaswonderfulanddifferent,butwhatwaseven____31____(important)wasthefriendshipofferedus.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Steamboatsrowingboatsandgondolasarethetransportationvehicleswhichserveeitheras“buses”or“taxis”forthisspecialcity.Themostinterestingthingaboutthetripis____32____wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.Itissimilar____33____ourdragonboat.Itismadefromeightdifferentwoodspeciesand280pieces.Thegondolawhichwetookwasbeautifullyequippedwithbrightredchairsforfivepeople.____34____(bath)inthesunshine,watchingthewatersoftlykissingthestonesofthebuildings,Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.第三節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)根據(jù)句意，選擇方框中的單詞，用其正確的形式填入下列句子的空白處，每個單詞只能使用一次。ambition,ideal,decrease,proof,widespread,cooperate,overcome,cafeteria,suspect,involve35.JohnSnow________thatthewaterpumpwastoblame.36.Theyoungman________enormousdifficultiesandwontheOlympicgoldmedallastyear.37.Chemicalpesticidesandartificialfertilisershavebeenin________useinfarmingsincethemiddleofthe20thcentury.38.Aswellasstudyinghard,I’vebeen________insocialactivities.39.Peopleshould________theamountoffattheyeat.40.The________dietisabalancedone,withouttoomuchortoolittleofanyonething.41.Inmyyouthmy________hadbeentobeaninventor.42.Weshouldlearnto________witheachotherandmakeprogresstogether.43.Hotandcoldfoodisavailableinthe________.44.Theseresultsareafurther________ofhisoutstandingability.第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第45、46小題各2分，第47小題3分，第48小題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Therearemanyplacestogoonsafari(觀賞野生動物)inAfrica,butridingahorsethroughthefloodedwatersofBotswana’sOkavangoDeltamustrankasoneoftheworld’smostexcitingwildlifejourneys.Severalsafaricampsoperateasthebaseforthisadventure,providinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,professionalguidesandlotsofsupportworkers.Theyhaveareputation(名聲)forprovidingagreatridingexperience.Themorningride,whentheguidestakeyoutobeautiful,shallowlakesfullofwaterlilies,tendstobemoreactive.Itisunlikeanyotherridingexperience.Withrainbowsforminginthesplashingwateraroundyouandthesoundofhugedropsofwaterbouncingoffyourbodyandface,itistrulyexciting.Youareverylikelytocomeacrosslargewildanimals,too.Onhorsebackitispossibletogetquiteclosetoelephants,giraffesandmanyotheranimals.Thesenseofexcitementandtensionlevelsrisesuddenlythough,asdoesyourheartrate,asyoumoveclosertothem.Intheevening,ridesareusuallyatamorerelaxedandunhurriedpace.Withgoldenlightstreamingacrossthegrassydeltaandtheanimalscomingouttoeatanddrink.Sedatethoughtheyare,ridesatthistimeofdayarestillveryimpressive.Asthesun’srayspassthroughthedustkickedupbythehorses,theromanceofAfricacomestolife.Backatthecampyoucankickoffyourbootsandenjoyexcellentfoodandwine.Lookingbackonyourday,youwillfindithardtodenythatahorsebacksafariisascloseasyouwillevercometoansweringthecallofthewild.45.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2referto?________________46.Howdoesatouristfeelwhenheorshemovesclosertothewildanimalsonhorseback?________________47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.________________48.Pleaseintroducethemostexcitingtripyou’veevertaken.(Inabout40words)________________第二節(jié)(20分)49.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對你校的學(xué)生社團活動非常感興趣，希望你介紹一下這方面的情況。請你給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.你校的學(xué)生社團及活動；2.你喜歡參加的社團及原因。注意：1.詞數(shù)100詞左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，28分)第一節(jié)(共9小題;每小題2分，共18分)【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹的是大學(xué)宿舍管理的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApprovedandProhibitedItems部分中的“Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.(以下物品被批準(zhǔn)用于住宿的房間：吹風(fēng)機，個人電腦，收音機，電視和DVD播放器。學(xué)生房間內(nèi)不允許攜帶的物品包括：蠟燭、吊扇、煙花、水床、太陽燈和無線路由器。)”可知，電視和吹風(fēng)機是學(xué)校允許和禁止攜帶的物品。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CookingRules部分中的“Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波爐)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.(除了使用微波爐加熱食物外，學(xué)生不得在自己的房間里做飯。)”可知，除了在屋內(nèi)使用微波爐加熱食物之外，不允許學(xué)生在宿舍內(nèi)做飯。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)QuietHours部分中的“Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.(所有校園宿舍的最低安靜時間為周日至周四晚上11：00至上午8：00。周五和周六晚上的安靜時間為凌晨1：00至上午8：00。)”可知，要求學(xué)生在周日到周四的晚上11點到上午8點以及周五和周六的凌晨1點到上午8點保持安靜，所以這些時段以外的時間可以活動，A項“星期六上午00:30?！睂W(xué)生可以在宿舍中中參加聚會。故選A項。【答案】4.B5.D6.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer通過一種特殊的方式來研究洋流，即通過追蹤隨機漂浮垃圾的運動軌跡來研究洋流。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.（他打電話給制鞋公司，問他們是否想要回鞋子。不出所料，該公司告訴他，他們不想要回這些鞋子。Ebbesmeyer意識到這可能是一個偉大的實驗）”可知，Ebbesmeyer打電話給該公司想弄清該他們是否想要回這些鞋子，得到“不想要回”的答復(fù)之后，Ebbesmeyer決定利用這些鞋子做實驗。因此Ebbesmeyer打電話的目的是為了確定自己是否有權(quán)使用這些鞋子。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.（在一年內(nèi)，他收集了1600雙鞋的可靠信息。有了這些數(shù)據(jù)，他和一位同事能夠測試和改進(jìn)一個用于模擬洋流的計算機程序，并發(fā)表了他們的研究結(jié)果）”可知，Ebbesmeyer通過收集這些來到海灘的人的鞋子信息來驗證并得到研究結(jié)果的。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage（今天，科學(xué)家們正在努力研究洋流。大多數(shù)人使用衛(wèi)星和其他高科技設(shè)備。然而，海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer一采用種特殊的方式來研究洋流，即通過追蹤隨機漂浮垃圾的運動軌跡來研究洋流）”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是闡述一種特殊的研究海洋洋流的方式。故選B?！敬鸢浮?.D8.B9.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，放松心情更有利于提高工作效率和創(chuàng)造性的解決問題，壓力阻滯了神經(jīng)細(xì)胞信號的傳輸，只會導(dǎo)致工作效率下降。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.”（如果你是那種早晨精力充沛的人，那么你最具創(chuàng)造力的時刻就是傍晚放松的時候。）可知放松使我們更具有創(chuàng)造性，故選D項。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線句“Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.”（不給自己時間去tuneintoyourwanderingmind,,你將錯失有創(chuàng)造性的解決問題的方法。）可知,如果你不把時間用在胡思亂想，也就是你的思想不集中的時候，你就會錯過很多解決問題的方法。故劃線部分是指思維不集中。故選B項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段開頭“Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?”（那么，如果我們想以創(chuàng)造性地解決問題的全部能力來開始我們的早晨，我們會是什么樣子呢？）本段開頭提出了如何解決問題的疑問，后文都是在提出建議，比如提早起身、洗熱水澡、做深呼吸等，所以最后一段主要提供實質(zhì)性的建議，故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)【答案】10.D11.F12.C13.A14.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了動機和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系以及如何激發(fā)動機并設(shè)定切實可行的目標(biāo)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.”（沒有動機，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也無法實現(xiàn)它。）所以空處應(yīng)該講述動機和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系。D項“動機和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面?！碧岬搅藙訖C和目標(biāo)是互補的，切題，故選D。【11題詳解】上文“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?”（那你該怎么激勵自己呢？）以問題形式提出你應(yīng)該如何激勵自己，后文“First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.”（首先，你需要評估你自己，你的價值觀，你的長處，你的弱點，你的成就，你的欲望，等等。）提出了激勵自己的方式，因而空處應(yīng)承接上文，繼續(xù)以問題的形式提出如何保持動機來實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，F(xiàn)項“更重要的是，你應(yīng)該如何保持動機去實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)？”，切題，故選F?！?2題詳解】上文“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.”（有時候你的心不在工作上。），提到對待工作你有心不在焉的時刻。下文說“So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.”（所以，減慢速度，想一想那時候，你到底想干什么。），所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述你的心不在焉會影響工作，引出下文相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對策略。C選項“這會影響你的工作”切題，故選C?！?3題詳解】上文“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.”（記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的。）可知，目標(biāo)是靈活的。因而空處應(yīng)該承接上文，講述目標(biāo)靈活的表現(xiàn)是如何的。A選項“它們會根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變?！鼻蓄}，故選A。【14題詳解】上文“Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.”（你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因為你的視力不夠好。）說明了阻礙你實現(xiàn)夢想的原因是因為自己的視力，即你的身體的缺陷。下文“Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.”（你應(yīng)該重新評估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個新的目標(biāo)。），講述了我們要實時得做出改變，設(shè)定自己的新的目標(biāo)。因而該空承上啟下，講述對于自己的缺陷不要氣餒。G選項“然而，這不應(yīng)該使你氣餒?！鼻蓄}，故選G。第二部分：知識運用(共三節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】15.C16.A17.B18.D19.B20.C21.D22.A23.B24.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了DaleCarnegie（戴爾?卡耐基）從不為人所知，到享有國際聲譽成功故事．他年輕時因為家里窮不得不每天往返12英里求學(xué)．后來他聽從母親的建議，學(xué)習(xí)演講，從而獲得自信，最終成為成功的演說家．文章旨在告訴我們自信心的重要性，有了自信，我們就可以做到我們想做的任何事情．【15題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了接受教育，他與許多困難作斗爭。A.shortcomings缺陷；B.thoughts想法；C.difficulties困難的事情；D.enemies敵人。結(jié)合下文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”及“Dalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivities”可知，他的家庭是貧窮的。因此他上學(xué)接受教育要克服很多的困難。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父親負(fù)擔(dān)不起大學(xué)的伙食費，所以戴爾不得不騎馬12英里去上課。A.afford支付得起；B.choose選擇；C.occupy占據(jù)；D.change改變。結(jié)合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，家里窮，所以付不起大學(xué)里的伙食費。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他退出了許多學(xué)?；顒樱驗樗葲]有時間也沒有衣服。A.talents天賦；B.clothes衣服；C.permits許可；D.hobbies愛好。結(jié)合下文“Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.”可知，他沒有好的衣服。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他想加入足球隊，但教練因為他太輕而拒絕了他。A.outgoing外向的；B.flexible靈活的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.light輕的。結(jié)合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，他因為貧窮，生活艱苦，長得比較瘦弱．故選D。【19題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在此期間，戴爾逐漸形成了一種自卑情結(jié)，他的母親知道這種情結(jié)會阻礙他發(fā)揮自己的真正潛能。A.protect保護(hù)；B.prevent阻止；預(yù)防；C.save節(jié)省；解救；D.free釋放。根據(jù)上文“Dalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感)”可知，他的媽媽知道，這種自卑感將阻止他發(fā)揮他真正的潛能。preventsbfromdoingsth為固定搭配，意為“阻止某人做某事”，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她建議戴爾加入辯論隊，因為她相信練習(xí)說話可以給他所需要的信心和認(rèn)可。A.insisted堅持；B.demanded要求；C.suggested建議；D.required要求。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句中“Daletookhismother’sadvice”可知，他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊，suggest表示“建議”時后接從句，從句為虛擬語氣，用“should+動詞原形”，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.praise贊揚；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)希下文“andtherecognitionthatheneeded”可知，此處指媽媽相信練習(xí)說話可以給他所需要的信心和認(rèn)可。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：戴爾接受了母親的建議，努力嘗試，經(jīng)過幾次嘗試后終于成功了。A.finally終于；B.certainly無疑地；確定地；C.hopefully懷有希望地；如果順利的話；D.naturally自然地。根據(jù)上文“Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts”可知，不斷地嘗試，終于他成功了。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這被證明是他人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點。A.breaking破裂的；B.turning轉(zhuǎn)折的；C.ending結(jié)束的；D.linking連接的。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容Dale形成自卑以及第三段中madeit“他成功了”可知，這是他人生的“轉(zhuǎn)折點”，turningpoint“轉(zhuǎn)折點”，符合語境．故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到戴爾大四的時候，他已經(jīng)在演講中贏得了所有的最高榮譽。A.hadtouched觸摸；B.hadnoticed注意到；C.hadwon贏得；D.hadpicked挑選。結(jié)合下文“everytophonorinspeech”可知，此處指他贏得了所有的最高榮譽。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】25.what26.scientists27.whom【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章敘述了袁隆平為什么選擇農(nóng)業(yè)研究以及他的成就和影響。【25題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：然而，最令他擔(dān)憂的是，農(nóng)民經(jīng)常收成不佳，有時甚至嚴(yán)重缺乏食物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此句為主語從句，從句concernedhimmost缺主語，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?6題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：袁隆平是中國最著名的科學(xué)家之一，他被稱為“雜交水稻之父”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，oneof后面名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作介詞of的賓語。故填scientists?！?7題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：他纖瘦但強壯的身體就像數(shù)百萬中國農(nóng)民一樣，他為他們奉獻(xiàn)了一生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此句為非限制性定語從句。先行詞為millionsofChinesefarmers，在從句作介詞to的賓語，用關(guān)系代詞whom。故填whom。【答案】28.hadbeenrecommended29.Tired30.entirely31.moreimportant【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家在北京吃飯的一次經(jīng)歷?！?8題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：一個朋友給我們推薦了一家四川菜館，最后我們找到了?？仗幵诰渲袨橹^語，結(jié)合句中found可知，動作表示過去之過去，restaurant與動詞recommend為動賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填hadbeenrecommended。【29題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們又累又餓，又不會說一句中文，根本不知道怎么點菜，于是大廚就開始給我們的餐桌上擺滿了我們吃過的最好吃的食物。分析可知，此處為形容詞作狀語，主語為we，所以此處用-ed的形容詞，tired“感到累的”，因處于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Tired。【30題詳解】考查副詞。句意：有了這個，我們有幸體驗了一種全新的味道：四川花椒。副詞修飾形容詞，此處用副詞entirely修飾形容詞new，故填entirely?！?1題詳解】考查比較級。句意：食物很美味，與眾不同，但更重要的是給予我們的友誼。根據(jù)空前even以及句意可知，此處用比較級。important“重要的”為多音節(jié)詞，其比較級為moreimportant，故填moreimportant?！敬鸢浮?2.that33.to34.Bathed【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一片游記。文章講述了作者乘坐威尼斯運河上行駛的貢多拉小船游覽沿途風(fēng)光以及簡要介紹這種小船的特點?！?2題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：這次旅行最有趣的事情是我們乘坐貢多拉游覽，這是一種窄窄的小船。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語部分是“Themostinterestingthingaboutthetrip(這次旅行最有趣的事情是)”，“is”是謂語動詞，空格后面是一個完整句子“wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.(我們乘貢多拉游覽了一番，這是一種小船)”其中“asmallnarrowboat”是“gondola”的同位語。系動詞后面接的的表語從句，而且不缺成分句意完整，只是起連接作用所以用連接詞that。故填that。【33題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它類似于我們的龍舟。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句中包含固定短語“besimilarto”意思是“與……相似”，填空處缺少介詞。故填to?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：沐浴在陽光下，看著水溫柔地親吻著建筑物的石頭，我感到和諧和滿足。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句部分“Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.(我感到和諧和滿足)”主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整。說明“bath”作為動詞表示“沐浴”的意思，在本句是非謂語動詞的用法，作狀語成分，而且短語“bebathedin”表示“沐浴于、被……籠罩”的意思，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Bathed。第三節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】35.of【解析】【35題詳解】考查動詞。句意：約翰·斯諾懷疑水泵是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住８鶕?jù)句意此處應(yīng)填動詞的過去時態(tài)且是主動語態(tài)，后面加that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，此處表示約翰·斯諾對于水泵的態(tài)度。suspect“懷疑”為動詞，此處應(yīng)使用其過去時態(tài)。故填suspected?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。句意：這個年輕人克服了巨大的困難，在去年贏得了奧運會金牌。根據(jù)后文的enormousdifficulties可知，此處應(yīng)填克服，克服巨大的困難overcomeenormousdifficulties，overcome“克服”為動詞，在這里應(yīng)使用overcome的過去時態(tài)和won并列。故填overcame?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：自20世紀(jì)中期以來，化學(xué)農(nóng)藥和人工肥料在農(nóng)業(yè)中廣泛使用。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)表示廣泛的使用。該空應(yīng)用形容詞形式修飾use。widespread“廣泛的，普遍的”為形容詞，符合句意。故填widespread。【38題詳解】考查動詞。句意：除了努力學(xué)習(xí)，我還積極參加社會活動。結(jié)合句意此處應(yīng)表示參加社會活動。involve“涉及，卷入”為動詞，此處使用了現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動，havebeeninvolvedin已被卷入，引申為參加。故填involved?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。句意：人們應(yīng)該減少自己攝入的脂肪量。結(jié)合下文theamount可知表示量的多少。結(jié)合句意，人們應(yīng)減少攝入的脂肪量。另外，該空位于情態(tài)動詞后，應(yīng)使用動詞原形。decrease“減少”為動詞，符合句意。故填decrease?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：理想的飲食是均衡的，任何一種食物都不能過多或過少。根據(jù)句意表達(dá)理想的飲食是均衡的，此處位于diet之前，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語修飾diet。ideal“理想的，完美的”為形容詞，符合句意。故填ideal?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我年輕時的志向是成為一名發(fā)明家。根據(jù)句意成為發(fā)明家應(yīng)該是作者年輕時的志向。ambition“志向”為名詞，符合句意且在句中作主語。ambition表具體的理想時為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示我年輕時的一個志向。故填ambition。【42題詳解】考查動詞。句意：我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會相互合作，共同進(jìn)步。根據(jù)句意，我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)什么才可以共同進(jìn)步，cooperate“合作”為動詞，learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事，動詞應(yīng)使用其原形。故填cooperate。【43題詳解】考查名詞。句意：自助餐廳提供冷熱食物。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)填一個表示地點的詞匯。cafeteria“自助餐廳”為名詞，符合句意。故填cafeteria?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些成績進(jìn)一步證明了他卓越的能力。根據(jù)空格處前的further可知空格處應(yīng)填名詞。結(jié)合句意，此處應(yīng)填of“證明”為名詞，根據(jù)afurther可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞的單數(shù)。故填proof。第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第45、46小題各2分，第47小題3分，第48小題5分，共12分)【答案】45.Severalsafaricamps.46.He/Shemayfeelexcited,nervousandhis/herheartratemaybeaccelerated.47.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.Accordingtothepassage,thepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperie