八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)cultureunit2-whatdidyouhavefordinne人教版知識(shí)精講

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)CultureUnit2—Whatdidyouhavefordinne人教版【本講教育信息】一.教學(xué)內(nèi)容：CultureUnit2—Whatdidyouhavefordinner.（一）學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.了解不同國(guó)家的飲食文化。2.學(xué)會(huì)介紹本國(guó)特色飲食和飲食習(xí)慣。（二）重點(diǎn)單詞fatn.脂肪；肥肉oiln.（各種）油類；油sugarn.糖；蔗糖dairyn.奶制品proteinn.蛋白質(zhì)grainn.谷類；谷物ricen.水稻；大米mindv.留心；注意mannern.(pl.)行為；禮貌tablemanners餐桌規(guī)矩；席間舉止stilladv.靜止地；不動(dòng)地；安靜地rudeadj.粗魯?shù)模粺o(wú)理的sharev.分?jǐn)?；分享ownadj.自己（的）platen.盤子；碟子knifen.（有柄的）刀forkn.叉；餐叉wavev.揮動(dòng)；揮舞westernadj.西方的；來(lái)自西方的customern.顧客；主顧mightaux.v.（may的過(guò)去式）可能；也許payfor為……而付款costn.價(jià)；錢費(fèi)用goingDutch各自付帳；AA制westernern.西方人checkn.（美）（=bill）賬單；發(fā)票tipn.小費(fèi)；賞錢leavingatip給小費(fèi)servicen.（旅館等中的）上菜、上飲料、仆役等之服務(wù)Italianadj.&n.意大利的；意大利人（的）；意大利語(yǔ)（的）Indianadj.&n.印度的；印度人（的）chopsticksn.(pl.)筷子roastv.&n.烤；炙；焙

Britishadj.不列顛的；英國(guó)的Greekadj.&n.希臘的；希臘人（的）；希臘語(yǔ)（的）Thaiadj.&n.泰國(guó)人（的）；泰語(yǔ)（的）；泰國(guó)的mainadj.主要的；最主要的course一道菜或點(diǎn)心maincourse主食；主菜dumplingn.餃子lampn.小羊；羔羊；羔羊肉soupn.湯；羹potn.罐；壺；盆；鍋hotpot火鍋noodlen.（常pl.）面條shrimpn.小蝦chipn.（從蘋果、馬鈴薯等切下的細(xì)長(zhǎng)的）條；薄片meltv.融化；溶化forestn.森林地帶；森林caken.餅；糕；蛋糕chocolaten.巧克力stickyadj.粘的；粘性的nutn.堅(jiān)果coffeen.咖啡（三）課文解析PartI(8aListening)Waiter:Goodevening.CanIgetyousomethingtodrink?Man:Yes,please.Whatwouldyoulike,Cathy?Woman:I’dlikeanorangejuice.Man:OK.Oneorangejuice,please,andI’dlikealemonade.Waiter:Right.Wouldyoulikeanystarters?Woman:Nothingforme,thanks.Man:Areyousure?Howaboutasoup?YoulikeMinestrone,don’tyou?Woman:No,thanks.Butyoucanhaveastarterifyouwant.Man:Yes,I’dlikesomeSamosas,please.Waiter:OK,oneportionofSamosas.Andhaveyoudecidedonmaincourses?Man:Yes.I’dliketheDuckwithOrange,please.Andhowaboutyou,Cathy?Woman:Well,Idon’twantthesameasyou,andIdon’twantaLambKebab…OraChineseHotPot…Whatdoyourecommend,waiter?Waiter:Haveyouseenourlistofspecials,ma’am?Woman:Oh,thespecials.Yes…Allright…IthinkI’dlikeRoastBeef.Waiter:Anysidedishes?WouldyoulikesomeFrenchFries?Man:No,thanks,butIthinkwe’dlikeadessert.CanyoubringusaBlackForestCake?Waiter:Justone,sir?Man:Yes,that’sright.we’dliketoshareit.Andwe’dliketwocoffeeswithourdessertaswell.Woman:No,nocoffeeformeplease.I’dlikeacupoftea.

Waiter:Right.Onecoffee,andonetea…這是發(fā)生在餐館的一篇情景對(duì)話，介紹了點(diǎn)餐的過(guò)程，補(bǔ)充一些在餐館里的情景對(duì)話中的句子。CouldyousuggestagoodChuanrestaurantforme?你能給我介紹一個(gè)好的川菜館嗎？Doyoumakeareservation?您訂桌了嗎？Howmanypeopleinyourparty,please?請(qǐng)問(wèn)你們有幾個(gè)人？Therearesixofus.我們有六個(gè)人。Tableforthree,please.請(qǐng)找一張三個(gè)人的餐桌。Wouldyouliketositinsideoronthepatio?您愿意坐在院子里，還是坐在屋里？I’dprefertobeinside.我喜歡坐在屋里。Rightthisway.這邊請(qǐng)。Doyouhaveatableforthreebythewindow?有靠窗的三個(gè)人的餐桌嗎？Notatthemoment.Wouldyoucaretowait?現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有。您能等一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔縃owlongwillitbe?要等多久呢？Therearethreepartiesaheadofyou.Atleast35minutes.你前面還有三桌人。至少35分鐘吧。Itshouldn’tbetoolong.不會(huì)太久的。Idohaveatablebythedoor.在門邊還有一張桌子。Oh,thatsoundsfine.噢，那聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。Canwechangethetable?我們可以換個(gè)桌子么？Canwepushthesetwotablestogether?我們可以把這兩張桌子并在一起嗎？Weneedanotherchair.我們還需要一把椅子。Idon’thaveatableavailablerightnow.現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有空桌。Wehavealoungeandyou’rewelcometowaitthere,andwe’llcallyouwhenyourtableisready.我們有一個(gè)休息室，您可以在那里等。等您的餐桌準(zhǔn)備好，我們會(huì)叫您的。Doyouhaveamenuthatwecouldlookat?我們能看一看菜單嗎？Wouldyouliketostartwithanappetizer.先來(lái)點(diǎn)兒開(kāi)胃小菜好嗎？Howaboutanorderofspringrolls?來(lái)點(diǎn)春卷怎么樣？Soundsgoodtome.我挺喜歡的。Haveyoueatenherebefore?你以前到這里吃過(guò)飯嗎？Dozensoftimes.I’maregular.好多次了。我是這里的?？?。Sowhatdoyourecommend?那你有什么菜可以推薦一下嗎？Whatdoyoulike?Seafood?Steak?Pasta?你喜歡吃什么？海鮮？牛排？意大利面條？IthinkI’minthemoodforsomethingspicy.我想吃些辣的東西。What’syourfavoritedishhere?在這里，你最喜歡的菜是什么？MaybeI’lltrythesirloinsteak.也許我可以試試西冷牛排。Thatwouldbeanexcellentchoice.Iknowthesirloinsteakisthespecialtyofthisrestaurant.真是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。我知道西冷牛排是這里的特色菜。MayIseeawinelist?我可以看看酒水單嗎？Certainly.It’srighthere.And,I’llbebacktotakeyourorderinafewminutes.當(dāng)然可以，給您。我?guī)追昼娨院筮^(guò)來(lái)為您點(diǎn)餐好么？Areyoureadytoorder?您現(xiàn)在可以點(diǎn)餐了嗎？

Yes,Ibelieveso.我想可以了。What’stoday’sspecial?今天的特色菜是什么？What’sthespecialtyofthisrestaurant?這個(gè)餐館的招牌菜是什么？Thatsoundsdelicious,butIhadmyheartsetonthespareribs.聽(tīng)起來(lái)很美味啊，但是我還是非常想吃排骨。Excellentchoice.Howwouldyoulikethatcooked,braisedinbrownsauce,orinsweetandsoursauce?不錯(cuò)啊。您想吃怎樣做出來(lái)的呢，紅燒還是糖醋？I’dliketohavesomethinglighttoeat.我想吃些清淡的東西。I’llhavethesamedishasthatperson.我要點(diǎn)和那個(gè)人同樣的菜。Howdoyoulikeyoursteak?牛排要幾分熟呢？Ilikeitmediumwell.我要八分熟的。Willyoubehavingsoupwiththat?再點(diǎn)個(gè)湯怎么樣？No,notthisevening.不，今晚不必了。Permitmetopouryouaglassofchampagne.It’sonthehouse.給您倒一杯香檳。本店請(qǐng)客。Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthedishes,pleaseaskme.如果您對(duì)菜肴有任何意見(jiàn)，請(qǐng)告訴我。Wouldyoulikearefill?再來(lái)一杯好么？Part2.(5a)Mindyourmanners!Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodtablemannersare.InIndia,forexample,peopleonlyeatwiththeirrighthands.Youtakefoodfromonedishonthetable,usuallyakindofbreadorrice,mixitwithfoodfromanotherdishandthenputitinyourmouth.Yourlefthandstaysstill.Eatingwithyourlefthandisveryrude!Inwesterncountries,peopledon’tusuallysharethesamedishes.Everyonehashisorherownplateoffood.Youeatwithaknifeandforkandyoushouldn’twavethemaroundwhenyouaren’teating.Andyoushouldtrynottobenoisywheneating.Peoplethinkthat’sbadtablemanners!Whenyougotorestaurantsindifferentpartsoftheworld,it’simportanttoknowwhatpeoplethinkisrude.Forexample,inChinait’sOKtobenoisyinarestaurant.Infact,ifarestaurantisn’tnoisy,youmaythinkit’snotverygood.However,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.Ifatableistoonoisy,othercustomersmightnotbehappy.Payingforthemealisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysforeveryone.Inwesterncountries,whenfriendseattogether,theyusuallysharethecost.Thisiscalled“goingDutch.”Also,whenwesternerspaythecheck,theyusuallyleavesomemoneyforthewaiter.Thisiscalled“l(fā)eavingatip.”Notleavingatipisveryrude.IntheU.S.,it’scommontoleavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthecheck.Theamountdependsonhowgoodthewaiterwas.Goodwaiterscangetalotofmoney!Thewaypeopleeatfoodisdifferentaroundtheworld,butyoucanfindthesamekindsoffoodinmanycountries.ChineseandItalianfood,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.1.Mindyourmanners!“注意你的行為?！盡ind用法很冊(cè)中我們學(xué)過(guò)“Idon’tmindtheprogram.”在這個(gè)句中mind意多，在上一思為“介意”或“反對(duì)”。“mindyourmanners!”中“mind”意為“注意”，“留心”，“當(dāng)心”。2.“manner”表示“禮貌”，“規(guī)矩”時(shí)，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式“manners”。goodmanners“禮貌”badmanners“無(wú)禮”。3.“with”的用法①表示“和，同，與”eg:Whowasthatwithyou?剛才和你在一起的是誰(shuí)？Idon’tagreewithhim.我不同意他的觀點(diǎn)。②表示“對(duì)”Youmustbestrictwithus.你對(duì)我們要嚴(yán)格。③表示“用，以”Hewrotetheletterwiththatpen.他用那只鋼筆寫(xiě)了一封信。Eatingwithyourlefthandisveryrude!用你的左手吃飯是非常不禮貌的。④表示“有，帶有”Whoisthatyoungmanwithglasses?那位戴眼鏡的青年人是誰(shuí)？Ilikethepizzawithmushrooms.我喜歡有蘑菇的比薩餅。3.Payingforthemealisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.付餐費(fèi)的形式國(guó)與國(guó)之間也是不同的。4.pay表示“付錢，花費(fèi)”，注意與以下詞的不同。spend,cost,take,pay,payfor①spend的主語(yǔ)必須是“人”，賓語(yǔ)可以是錢、精力、時(shí)間等，其后用on(for)+名詞或用in（可省略）+動(dòng)名詞形式，不接不定式。如：Hespentalotofmoneyforthisnewcar.他花了很多錢買了這輛新車。Hespendsmuchmoneyonbooks.他時(shí)平將很多錢用在買書(shū)上。Hespentalotofmoney(in)buyinganewcar.EverymorninghespendhalfanhouronEnglish.每天早晨他用半小時(shí)讀英語(yǔ)。（句中onEnglish可與(in)readingEnglish替換）②cost的主語(yǔ)必須是“物”或“事”，表示“費(fèi)用”、“耗費(fèi)”，后接life,money,health,time等，側(cè)重于“花費(fèi)”的代價(jià)。如：Thebookcosthimonedollar.這本書(shū)用了他一美元。Itcostsyou12poundstogoLondonbyship.乘船到倫敦要用12英磅。Makingexperimentslikethiscostsmuchtimeandlabour.做這樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)要花很多時(shí)間和勞力。ThisTVsetcostmemuchmoney.這臺(tái)電視機(jī)花了我很多錢。注意不可寫(xiě)成：ThisTVsetcostmuchmoneyfor(to)me.

Iwascostmuchmoney(bythisTVset).Muchmoneywascostme(bythisTVset).注意：cost后不能與具體的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度連用，只能與表示抽象概念的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)連用。如：sometime,muchtime,tenyearsofhardwork等。可說(shuō)costhimtenyearstowork.③take表示“花費(fèi)”時(shí)，其主語(yǔ)一般是“一件事”，有時(shí)主語(yǔ)也可以是人，它說(shuō)明事情Itcosthimtenyearsofwork.不可說(shuō)It完成“花費(fèi)了……”。如：Ittookmetenminutestogotothepostoffice.到郵局用Ittakesalotofmoneytobuyahouseasbigasthat.買一座像那樣的Thejourneytookmethreehours.這次旅行用Paintingthepicturetookmeallweek.畫(huà)這幅畫(huà)用Theproductortooktwoyearstomakethefilm.制片商用說(shuō)明：take…todosth.句型側(cè)重完成該動(dòng)作花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，而spend…doingsth.有時(shí)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的Ittookhimanhourtoreadthebook.他用Hespentanhour(in)readingthebook.他用④pay的基本意Hepaidthetaxiandhurriedtothestation.他付了出租車的去了我十分鐘時(shí)間。房子要花很多錢。了我三個(gè)小時(shí)。了我整整一周時(shí)間。了兩年時(shí)間拍這部新影片。并不完成。如：了一小時(shí)讀完了這本書(shū)。了一小時(shí)讀這本書(shū)。（是否讀完并未說(shuō)明）思是“支付”，作為及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)可以是“人”、“錢”。如：錢，急忙向車站去趕。Theyhadtopaytwohundredfrancs.他得付二百法郎。We’llpayyouinafewdays.幾天后我付給你錢。⑤payfor的賓語(yǔ)為“物”，“事”，for表示支付的原因。如：You’llhavetopaymetendollarsaweekforyourmeals.你得每周付給我十美元飯錢。5.10%，15%，20%。讀成“tenpercent,fifteenpercent,twentypercent”.6.Theamountdependsonhowgoodthewaiterwas.數(shù)目取決于服務(wù)生的服務(wù)質(zhì)量。（四）補(bǔ)充閱讀Manypeoplechoosenottoeatmeatorfishandtheyarecalled“vegetarians.”Someofthemjustwanttoloseweight.Vegetarianschoosetogiveupmeatbecausetheybelieveitiscrueltokillanimalsforfood.Someofthemdonotevenwearclothesorshoesmadefromanimalskin,suchasleather.Theybelievethatifitiswrongtokillanimalsforfood,itisworsetokillthemforclothing.Forsomepeople,theyevenbelieveitiswrongtokillanylivingplantandtheyarecalled“fruitarians.”Interestingly,theywillonlyeatfruitandvegetablesthathavenotbeen“killed”;inotherwords,theywillnottakeanapplefromatreeuntiltheapplefallstotheground!【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：60分鐘）一、詞匯填空。用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Wouldyoulike_________(drink)somesoup?2.Shewantstobuyafew_________(tomato)forlunch.3.Inmyhome,mymotheristhe_________(busy).4.InNewYork,ParisandChina,youcanfindpeople_________(eat)hamburgersandchips.5.Inmanyoverseas（海外）_________(city)youcanfindChineserestaurants.6.Anndoessome_________(shop)withhermotherattheweekend.

7.Tom_________(feel)verytiredyesterdayevening.Becauseheplayedfootballalltheday.8.IsHelenan_________(Italy)girl?9.I’dloveChinesetea_________(with)anythinginit.10.Thefoodishomecooking.Itis_________(real)delicious.二、根據(jù)英文解釋和例句，完成下列單詞。其首字母已給出。1.h_________(tohaveagreatdislikeof)SandyandEddieh_________tostayathomeattheweekend.2.t_________havingorshowinganeedforrestorsleep)Weareveryt_________afteraday’sworkonthefarm.Soweneedtohaveagoodrest.3.o_________(atmanytimes)Amyo_________goesswimminginthelakenearherhomeonSunday.Shelikesquietlife.4.s_________(notoften,rarely)Eds_________atefruitandvegetables.5.b_________(earlierthanthetimewhen)WasMillieadancerb_________shecamehere?6.c_________(tobecomedifferent)Alicewantstoc_________herdietbecauseshewantstobehealthier.7.a_________(atalltime,ateachtime)Thesuna_________risesintheeast.8.l_________(somethingthateithergoodorbadthathappenstoaperson)Ihadbadl_________lastweek.Everythingwentwrong.9.i_________(whichmattersalot)It’si_________foradancertobehealthy.10.j_________(theliquidpartoffruit,vegetables,andmeat)Newtonlikedlemonj_________verymuch.三、閱讀理解TherearesomeinterestingwordsinEnglish.Thesewordshavesomeinterestingstoriesbehindthem.Theword“sandwich”,forexample,isverycommon（普通的）inEnglish,buthasagoodstory.Ifwewanttoknowthestory,wemustknowsomethingaboutanEnglishnobleman（貴族）.HisnamewasSandwich.Sandwichlivedinthe18thcentury.Hewasrich,buthelikedtoplaycards.Heoftenplayedfor24hours,anddidnotevenstopforameal.Oneday,heaskedhisservants（仆人）tobringsomemeatandbread,sohecouldplaya