黑龍江省五常市第三中學Unit2KeepingHealthyTopic2《Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking》SectionB學案（仁愛版八年級上冊）

第6頁共6頁一、學習目標Aimsanddemands1.掌握本部分重點詞組和句型。2.學會使用情態(tài)動詞must,mustnot，掌握祈使句句型。二、學法指導Howtostudy1.認真閱讀Unit2Topic2SectionB，并對語言點、難點做出標記；2.記本部分單詞、學案所列出的詞組和句型；3.學習學案，并完成學案上的練習題；三、自主預習PreparationⅠ.英漢互譯下列單詞并標上詞性。1.article_______________()2.smoke_________()___________()3.litter__________()________()4.enough_______________()_______________()_______________()5.癌_______________()6.垃圾箱_______________()7.能量；精力_____________()8.必需的，必要的_______________()Ⅱ.在課本中找出下列短語劃在書上并翻譯1．在陽光下讀書_______________2．對……有害_______________3．讓某人做某事_______________4．戒煙_______________5．把某物出示給某人看_______________/_______________6．將垃圾丟入垃圾箱_______________7．到處扔垃圾_______________8．對……必要_______________9．保持活力_______________10．在一天中_______________/_______________11．給某人某物_______________/_______________Ⅲ.翻譯并熟記下列句子.1．他認為吸煙可以放松自己。_______________________________________________________________2．禁止踐踏草坪。_______________________________________________________________3．散步是項好運動，它對你的健康必不可少。_______________________________________________________________4．不吃早餐上學對你的健康有害。_______________________________________________________________5．多么可怕啊！我一定要讓他戒煙。_______________________________________________________________四、知識鏈接Hotlink1．must的用法我們平時說話總會用到“必須；必要；應該；一定”等字眼，其實，在英語中這些意思絕大多數(shù)由must一詞來擔當。說到這里，讓我們一起對must來個徹底的了解吧。

(一)、must的個性：

must擁有情態(tài)動詞家族的共性：無人稱和數(shù)的變化，也無時態(tài)變化。作謂語時一律用“must+動詞原形”結構。

(二)、must的本領：

（1）must表示說話人的主觀看法或愿望，認為“必須”做某事。例如：

I____________hard.我必須努力學習。

（2）表示要求某人必須做某事時，主語用其它人稱。例如：

Youmustwaitinline.你必須排隊等候。

（3）在肯定句中，must可以表推測，語氣要比may肯定得多。must表示對某事把握很大的推測，只能用于肯定句，意為“想必；準是；很可能”；mustbe表示“必定……無誤”。當表示對現(xiàn)在的情況進行推測時，must后也接動詞原形或動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。當情態(tài)動詞may與be連用，表示推測時，其肯定程度比must要小得多。在否定句型表示推測的含義時不用mustn't而用can't。例如：She____________ournewChineseteacher.她一定是我們的新的語文老師。

Thedoorisclosed.Hecan'tbeathome.門關著，他一定不在家。

(三)、must的變臉：

（1）must的否定式是在must后面加上not，?？s寫成mustn't，意思是“決不可；千萬不能；務必不要；禁止”。在對MayI...?作否定回答時用No，youmustn't/can't。例如：

You_________tellherthisnews.你絕不能（千萬不要）告訴她這消息。You______________smokeher.e你絕不能在這兒抽煙。

（2）must的疑問式是將must提在主語前。must用在問句中作“必須”解，這時要注意肯定與否定回答時的用語。其肯定簡略答語是Yes，主語+must。若是否定回答，則是No，主語+needn't或don'thaveto。例如：

—MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?今天我必須完成我的作業(yè)嗎？

—No，you______/Yes，you______.不必。/對，你必須完成。2.giveup【課文原句】_________________________________________.【導學點撥】giveup放棄，當后面接動詞作賓語時，應用v.-ing形式。giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.e.g.Youshouldstop_______.=Youshould_______________.你應該戒煙。3.throwlitteraround【課文原句】_________________________________________.【導學點撥】throwaround意為“拋撒…….”aroundt在這里是副詞，與throw一起構成動詞短語。后接賓語如果是名詞時放在副詞前后都可，是代詞時只可放在動詞和副詞之間。即“名詞兩邊，代詞中間”。e.g.Don’t_______________________.別亂扔它。Don'tthrowwastepaperaround=Don’tthrowaroundwastepaper.不要到處扔廢紙。4.benecessaryfor【課文原句】_________________________________________.【導學點撥】benecessaryfor…對于……來說是必不可少的e.g.Sunshine_______________________ourlife.陽光對于我們的生活來說是必不可少的。5.begoodfor【課文原句】_________________________________________.【導學點撥】begoodfor對……好，有益。e.g.Exercise___________________ourbodies.運動對我們的身體有益.6.duringtheday【課文原句】_________________________________________.【導學點撥】duringtheday在一天中，相當于inthedaytimeduringprep.在……期間e.g.duringtheholidays在假期里五、目標檢測PracticeI.根據句意及首字母提示填空。1.Eatingfruitkeepsush__________.2.Walkingisn__________forgoodhealth.3.K__________longfingernailsisabadhabit.4.Youmustn’tt__________litterabout.You’dbetterkeepenviromentcleanandtidy.5.Heisverypoor,hehasnote__________foodtoeat.6.Chocolategivesyoue___________.Buteatingtoomuchisbadforyourteeth.7.Hewroteana___________aboutWangXiaoya.8.S___________uplateisbadforyourhealth.9.Weshoulddomoreexercisetokeepush___________.10.Manyd___________arecausedbygerms.II.請你幫每個情態(tài)動詞復位。may,need,can,must,haveto,could,should1.She__________speakEnglish,butIcan’t.2.Helen__________swimwhenshewassevenyearsold.3.__________Iborrowyourpen?4.We__________finishourhomeworktoday.5.You__________noteatbetweenmeals.Itwillmakeyoufat.6.Tomorrowisaholiday.__________yougototheoffice?7.Theywould’tliketoleavetheirteam,butoneofthemwill__________dothat.III.單項選擇()1.Hegoestowork_______theday,andstudies________night.A.in;inB.at;atC.in;atD.at;in()2.LiLei,don’twalk_________thelawn.A.aboutB.atC.inD.on()3.Itisnecessary_________us_________handsbeforeoraftermeals.A.to;towashB.for;forwashingC.for;towashD.to;forwashing()4.--Mustwedrinkeightcupsofwatereveryday?--Yes,you________.A.mayB.canC.needD.must()5.It’sagoodhabit________domoringexercises.A.forB.toC.byD.inIV.完形填空Davidwasadoctor.Hespent1timeinplayingwhenhewasinthemedicalcollege.Ofcourse,helearnednothing.Lateronhetriedtofinda2inthecities,buthefailed.He3returntohishometown.Itwas4andtherewasonlyonehospitalinit.Hethoughtheknewmuchandlookeddownupon(瞧不起)his5.Butsoonthepatientsfoundhewasnotagooddoctor6fewaskedhimtolookthemover.Heknewbuthedidn’tOnedayatravelercameintohisoffice.Themancaughtacoldandwantedsome8.Davidhopedtobepaidmoreandlookedoveroneofthetraveler’seyes9.“Ohdear!”calledoutDavid,“Youhaveabadheartdisease.YoushouldbeinhospitalandonlyIcanhelpyou!”“Please10myrighteye,sir,”saidthetraveler,“theleftoneisfalse(假的).”()1.A.much B.alittle C.no D.little()2.A.doctor B.job C.hospital D.friend()3.A.must B.should C.hadto D.hadbetter()4.A.new B.big C.small D.beautiful()5.A.parents B.patients C.friends D.workmates()6.A.but B.and C.however D.because()7.A.say B.fight C.believe D.mind()8.A.money B.food C.drink D.medicine()9.A.quickly B.carefully C.softly D.careful()10.A.lookat B.lookfor C.lookafter D.looklikeV.閱讀理解InChina，moreandmorehighschoolstudentsaregettingshortersleepingtimethanbefore.Moststudentssleeplessthanninehourseverynightbecausetheyhavemuchhomeworktodo.Somehomeworkisgiven(被給)bytheirteachersandsomebytheirparents.Also,somestudentsdon’tknowhowtosave(節(jié)約)time.Theyarenotcarefulenoughwhile(當……時候)theydotheirhomework,soittakesthemalotoftime.SomestudentsspendtoomuchtimewatchingTVorplayingcomputergames.Theystayupverylate.SomestudentshavetogetupearlyeverymorningfromMondaytoFridaytogettoschoolon