福建省廈門市2019年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)題型四閱讀理解真題剖析

題型四閱讀理解福建真題分析種類一選擇型閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下邊A、B、C、D四篇短文，依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確答案。AMyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemyhome.Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.46．Thewriterisnow．A．a(chǎn)TVstarB．a(chǎn)newsreporterC．a(chǎn)well-knownbooksellerD．a(chǎn)goodchef47．Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?A．Hisparents'wish.B．Thecustomers'advice.C．Hismother'sdeliciousfood.D．TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.48．Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwantedto．A．takecookinglessonsB．writehiscookbookC．makenewdishesofhisownD．openarestaurant149．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto(指代)“”．A．thebookstoreB．a(chǎn)testkitchenC．a(chǎn)dinnerclubD．thecountry50．Whatisimportantforthewriter?A．Findingagoodjob.B．Makinglotsofmoney.C．Doingwhatheloves.D．Becomingfamous.【答案及分析】46．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，此刻作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國頂級(jí)餐館里做過飯，可是作者不是為了錢而做，而是因?yàn)橄矏叟胝{(diào)。所以作者此刻應(yīng)是一名好廚師，應(yīng)選D。47．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.”可知，有一次，作者正在看電視上的烹調(diào)，作者以為他也能做到這一點(diǎn)，所以他去書店找尋他能找到的最大的烹調(diào)書。所以作者應(yīng)是經(jīng)過看電視才開始烹調(diào)的，應(yīng)選D。48．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.”可知，在一年的時(shí)間里，作者制作了大多半的食譜，并準(zhǔn)備迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)，他想自己做菜，也開始為更多的人做飯，而不只是是他的家人。所以作者在試過烹調(diào)書中大多半的食譜以后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。應(yīng)選C。49．B詞義猜想題。依據(jù)前一句“Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.”可知，令作者快樂的是，他的父親母親同意他建筑一個(gè)測(cè)試廚房，他做了好多菜來測(cè)試，所以他的技術(shù)很快就提升了。由此可推斷，it指的是一個(gè)試驗(yàn)廚房，應(yīng)選B。50．C推理判斷題。依據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，此刻作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國頂級(jí)餐館里做過飯，可是作者不是為了錢而做，而是因?yàn)橄矏叟胝{(diào)。再依據(jù)最后一段中的“NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.”可知，此刻作者知道當(dāng)他不再關(guān)懷他能否會(huì)有名或做得2好時(shí)，他的夢(mèng)想就會(huì)降臨到他身上。所以，做他喜愛做的事情很重要。應(yīng)選C。3BJackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.51．Thetextiswrittento．A．giveareportB．haveSchoolDayC．collectopinionsfromvisitorsD．holdameetingwithteachers52．WhatweresoldinTina'sgroup?A．Schoolpostcards.B．Chinesepaintings.C．Recyclingbags.D．Homemadesnacks.53．Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?A．Disappointed.B．Satisfied.C．Worried.D．Surprised.54．Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?A．50.B．25.C．15.D．10.55．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?A．NickwastheleaderofGroup1.B．Twenty-fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.4C．Thepostcardswerecheap.D．Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.5【答案及分析】51．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Jackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.”可知，Jackie正在寫對(duì)于學(xué)校生活的總結(jié)和反應(yīng)。所以本文章是一篇報(bào)告，應(yīng)選A。52．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二組里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)”可知Tina小組賣中國畫，應(yīng)選B。53．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.”可知，已經(jīng)采集了100名學(xué)生的建議，而大多半學(xué)生以為這些活動(dòng)很好，所以他們是滿意的，應(yīng)選B。54．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.”可知采集了100名學(xué)生的建議，再聯(lián)合柱狀圖可看出recyclingbags占50%，所以50名學(xué)生喜愛采集袋子，應(yīng)選A。55．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesforexcellentstudenthelpers.”可知與校長(zhǎng)就優(yōu)異學(xué)生助手的獎(jiǎng)金問題舉行會(huì)議，所以做得好的學(xué)生助手能夠獲得獎(jiǎng)品，故選D。6CBirthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine?Astudyfoundthatfirst-bornshaveanaverage(均勻的)IQthatisthreepointshigherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecausefirst-bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.In2007,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast-borns.First-bornsaremorelikely(可能的)tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2007Timemagazinearticle,“ThePowerofBirthOrder，”last-bornsaremorelikelytobeartistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored(忽略)them!Manymiddlechildrenareshortofone-on-onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeelshort-changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled(寵壞)．”Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.Manyfactors(要素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.56．WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?A．Afirst-born.B．Asecond-born.C．Athird-born.D．Alast-born.57．WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?A．Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.B．Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.C．Hewasafirst-born.D．Hewasamiddlechild.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“short-changed”inParagraph4probablymeaninChinese?A．受虧待的B．受控制的C．受喜愛的D．受歡迎的59．Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder．7A．hasnoinfluenceonIQB．mattersalotatthedinnertableC．maydecidewhoweareD．isafactorinmakinguspowerful60．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?B．WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?C．WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?D．HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?8【答案及分析】56．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns可知43%的CEO是家庭中間第一個(gè)出生的孩子，故答案選A。57．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.”可知，假如第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子往常更簡(jiǎn)單相處，他們也更可能風(fēng)趣，可能會(huì)惹起餐桌上全部年長(zhǎng)的人的注意。MarkTwain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年青的，而JimCarrey也是四個(gè)中間最小的，所以JimCarrey可能是最簡(jiǎn)單相處的，故答案選B。58．A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)后邊的“theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestisspoiled(寵壞的).Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.”可知，最大的人獲得更多的權(quán)益，最年青的人被寵壞了，固然他們可能被忽略，但中間的孩子更簡(jiǎn)單成長(zhǎng)為平和的成年人。所以short-changed應(yīng)當(dāng)是被忽略，即被虧待的，故答案選A。59．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段中的Manyfactors(要素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.“可知，很多要素決定我們成為何樣的人，但假如研究正確，出生次序可能是最重要的要素之一。所以出生次序可能決定我們將成為何樣的人，故答案選C。60．A標(biāo)題概括題。依據(jù)文中的第一段“Birthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine？”可知，出生次序相關(guān)系嗎？你能否是由于你是家里的第一個(gè)、第二個(gè)或第三個(gè)孩子而不一樣呢？或許仍是九個(gè)孩子中的最后一個(gè)？再依據(jù)后邊文章描繪，可知本文主要敘述在家庭中的地點(diǎn)，故答案選A。9D(2018·福建中考A卷)ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfortheirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestivalfromoverseas.Mother'sDayoriginated(發(fā)源)inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(孝敬的)devotiontoparents.TherearemanystorieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“TasteLiquid(液體的)MedicineforMother”tellsusthefilialvirtue(美德)ofEmperorWenstayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquidmedicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon”byMengJiao,apoetoftheTangbroughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget-me-notstoexpresslove.Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,butfewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostislove,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.61．WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1980s.C．IntheWesternHandynasty.D．IntheTangdynasty.62．Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon”mainlyabout?A．ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.B．Caringfortheold.C．TraditionalChinesemedicine.D．Amother'sloveforherson.63．Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof．A．itswidespreadinmanycountriesB．ourancientstoriesofrespectingparents10C．ourtraditionalculturalvaluesD．itssimplewayofexpressinglove64．WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?65．WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe．A．a(chǎn)bigdinnerB．a(chǎn)celebrationpartyC．greetingsofthefestivalD．expensivepresents【答案及分析】61．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.”可知被傳到中國并寬泛被人們所接受大概在20世紀(jì)80年月，故答案為B。62．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems，likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao，apoetoftheTangDynasty”可知，《游子吟》講的是母親對(duì)兒子的愛，故答案為D。63．C推理判斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact，Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(兒女的)devotiontoparents”可推斷，母親節(jié)在中國受歡迎是由于它正好和我們傳統(tǒng)文化中的孝道一致，故答案為C。64．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.”可知答案為D。65．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.”可知答案為C。11(2018·福建中考B卷)Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(體現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmaydescribenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoftenexpresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages(形象)inpoems.Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails(細(xì)節(jié))ofsomethingcolorfullyandclearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththeimagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind？”Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling”and“Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，”theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfullycreatesanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreadersthinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,imaginingthatwearethetrees.Inthepoem“Night，”Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.Peopleknowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blakeseesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified(擬人化)asasmilingperson.61．What'sthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?A．Tohaveanargument.B．Tohaveadiscussion.C．Togiveanintroduction.D．Togiveasuggestion.1262．Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind”？63．sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night”．A．ThesunB．ThestarC．ThebirdD．Themoon64．Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.Usingimagination.Praisingthesamenaturalscene.Describingdetailsofthescenes.Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①②④D．①②⑤65．Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byusingpersonifications.D．Byaskingquestions.13【答案及分析】61．C寫作企圖題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(體現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.”可知，自然光景常常成為詩歌的主題，詩人親密凝視自然，在詩歌中體現(xiàn)它的美。所以第一段主假如做一個(gè)介紹，應(yīng)選C。62．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling’and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，’theyremindusofawindyday”可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉漂浮”和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭”時(shí)，它們提示我們是起風(fēng)的一天，應(yīng)選B。63．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們淺笑，所以在詩“夜”中月亮在夜晚坐著淺笑。選D。64．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling'and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，'theyremindusofawindyday”可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉漂浮”和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭”時(shí)，它們提示我們起風(fēng)的一天；再依據(jù)最后一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們淺笑。①以人的身份看到自然風(fēng)景；②使用了想象；③夸贊成一自然場(chǎng)景；④描繪風(fēng)景的細(xì)節(jié)；⑤經(jīng)過聽覺和觸覺創(chuàng)建想象。③⑤不是兩首詩的共同點(diǎn)，所以①②④正確，選C。65．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)為舉例說明；B項(xiàng)經(jīng)過比較；C項(xiàng)經(jīng)過使用擬人D項(xiàng)經(jīng)過發(fā)問。作者列舉了“WhoHasSeentheWind”(《誰曾見過風(fēng)？》)和“Night”(《夜》)兩首詩分享自然美景和作者的思想，應(yīng)當(dāng)是經(jīng)過舉例說明，選A。種類二復(fù)原型閱讀理解第二節(jié)閱讀下邊短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，使短文通暢、連接，意思完好。E(2018·福建中考A卷)Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwedo,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoomuch.Manycitiesruncampaigns(運(yùn)動(dòng))togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67What'smore,theycarryoutprogramsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68Anotherthreat(威迫)toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffreshwatergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers(危及)theanimalsthatdependonthewater.69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps(水龍頭)runwhilewebrush14ourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A．However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B．Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C．Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D．Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E．Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.【答案及分析】66．A推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，此處應(yīng)是討論水資源的多少，所以A項(xiàng)切合題意。67．E推理判斷題。依據(jù)上一句“Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.”可知，此處討論的應(yīng)是防備浪費(fèi)水的方法，所以E項(xiàng)切合題意。68．C推理判斷題。依據(jù)上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater”可知，此處討論的是節(jié)儉水的詳細(xì)方法，且依據(jù)上文中的“What'smore”可知，空處位于本段的末端，所以C項(xiàng)切合題意。69．B推理判斷題。依據(jù)本段的表達(dá)可知，本段主要講節(jié)儉用水的此外一些方法，故B項(xiàng)切合題意。70．D推理判斷題。依據(jù)上一句“Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.”可知，在洗熱水澡的時(shí)候采集冷水也能夠節(jié)儉用水，空處承接上一句，應(yīng)是不要讓冷水向來流，直到水變暖，故D項(xiàng)切合題意。15(2018·福建中考B卷)GreenHomecampaigners(倡始者)reallylovethenaturalworld.Infact,weloveitsomuchthatwe'redetermined(信心)todoourbestt