(高中英語2019版) 閱讀理解(健康與飲食)(含解析)(含答案)

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！李仕才Blueandgreenhoneymaylookcool,butbeekeepersinnortheasternFrancearenothappyabouttheirstrange-lookingnewproduct.Overthepastfewmonths,beekeepersinRibeauvillé,atownlocatedintheAlsaceregion,havenoticedthatbeestherehavebeenmakinghoneyinmanystrangecolors.Beeshavebeenreturningtoapiarieswithdifferentcolorscoatingtheirbodies.Thecolorsthen①enduppollutingthehoney.ArecentresearchshowedthatanearbyM&M’sfactoryisbehindthechangeincolor.Wastefromthefactoryhasbeenexposingthebeestoanumberofchemicals.Someofthechemicalsareusedintheoutershellsofthecandies,whichcomeinmanybrightcolors.Thelocalbeekeepersdonotknowifthepollutedhoneyisdangeroustoeat,buttheyarenottakinganychances.Theyare②throwingawaythecandy-coloredhoney,whichmeansabiglosstolocalbusinesses.“Forme,nothoney,”AlainFrieh,leaderofthebeekeepersunion,tellstheReutersnewsagency.notsellable.”ThehoneyindustryinthispartofFrancehasbeensufferingthisyear.AccordingtoFrieh,manybeesdiedlastwinterorwereunabletomakehoneybecauseofthebadweather.Thisnewproblemofcoloredhoneyishurtingthebeekeepers’wayoflifeevenmore.Theregion③ishometoabout2,400beekeepersand35,000coloniesofbees,accordingtoAlsace’schamberofagriculture.④Thebeekeepersharvestapproximately1,000tonsofhoneyeachyear,makingtheproductabigpartoftheregion’seconomy.AgrivaloristhecompanythatprocessestheM&M'sfactory'swaste.Accordingtoco-managerPhilippeMeinrad,thecompanyhasbeen⑤attemptingtostopthepollution.“Wediscoveredtheproblem⑥atthesametimetheydid,”MeinradtellsReuters.“Wequicklyputinplaceaproceduretostopit.”彩色的蜂蜜藍色和綠色的蜂蜜可能看起來很酷，但法國東北部的養(yǎng)蜂人卻不喜歡這種看起來怪異的產(chǎn)品。怪顏色的蜂蜜。蜜蜂身上帶著不同的顏色返回養(yǎng)蜂場。那些顏色最終染到了蜂蜜中。一項最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)附近的一家M&M’s工廠是造成蜂蜜改變顏色的根源。那家工廠排放出來的根源。蜜扔掉了，這對他們造成了很大損失。AlainFrieh今年以來，法國這部分地區(qū)的蜂蜜行業(yè)一直遭受著被染色的侵擾。據(jù)Frieh說，由于惡劣的天氣，去年冬天許多蜜蜂死亡或者不能釀蜜。而現(xiàn)在的染色蜂蜜問題更加嚴重影響了養(yǎng)蜂者的生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)阿爾薩斯農(nóng)業(yè)委員會，該地區(qū)是大約2,400養(yǎng)蜂戶的基地，那里有35,000個蜂群。每年養(yǎng)蜂戶們收獲近乎1,000噸蜂蜜，這使得蜂蜜成為該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)。Agrivalor是處理M&M’s工廠廢物的企業(yè)。根據(jù)合作經(jīng)營者PhilippeMeinrad，該公司一直在努力阻止污染。Meinrad重點單詞:n.1.apiary['e???r?]蜂房；養(yǎng)蜂場adj.2.sellable['sel?bl]適于銷售的cedure[pr?'sid??]程序，手續(xù)；步驟重點短語/亮點句式：1.endup結(jié)束；最終成為。如：Firesareoftencausedbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.火災(zāi)經(jīng)常是由人們不小心扔掉的煙蒂引起的。3.behometo是……的所在地；……的發(fā)源地。如：TheChesapeakeusedtobehometowildoysters,but99percentofthemaregone.切薩皮克曾經(jīng)是野生牡蠣的家園，但是現(xiàn)在99%的牡蠣都不會再生活在這里了。makingtheproductabigpartoftheeconomy為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，表示product)+賓語補足語(abigpartoftheregion’sShewillattempttobeattheworldrecord.她決心要打破世界紀錄。6.atthesametime同時。如：Ifyouwishtosucceed,youshouldusepersistenceasyourgoodfriend,experienceasyourreference,prudenceasyourbrotherandhopeasyoursentry.(ThomasEdison)明家愛迪生）身體健康更是受到了人們空前的關(guān)注，因此順應(yīng)時代潮流，高考英語對這兩個話題更是有所體現(xiàn)。由于飲食與健康是熱點話題，高考英語中對這兩個話題會涉及較多的考查內(nèi)容，常以閱讀理解、完形填空、語法填空以及書面表達的形式出現(xiàn)，例如2017年新課標卷I語言知識運用的第二年四川卷閱讀理解D篇，2016年全國卷Ⅲ七選五，2015年廣東卷基礎(chǔ)寫作，2015課標全國卷Ⅱ閱讀理解B篇，2013新課標全國卷Ⅱ閱讀理解C篇等。【相關(guān)詞匯】n.n.2.burden負擔fortableauncomfortablen.&vt.n.&vt.adj.有傷害的→harmlessadj.無害的4.harm6.necessaryn.7.pressure壓迫，壓力vn.Ⅱ.閱讀識記單詞adj.嚴重的；(疾病)急性的adj.14.appetite食欲，胃口n.adj.16.bitter17.bleedvi.18.depression抑郁癥→depressdepressed閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A（2018·新課標II卷）ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物質(zhì)).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.1.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.2.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.3.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.D.Amachine.C.Acontainer.4.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.C.Aresearchpaper.B.Ahealthmagazine.D.Atravelbrochure.BYourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(難為情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces-andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock-ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(攝入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.1.Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout_______.A.theirhomecomfortsC.housebuyingB.theirbodyshapeD.healthydiets2.Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople_________.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetites3.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?B.WaysofServingDinnerC.EffectsofSelf-ConsciousnessD.IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?CAwell-knownstudyin1979foundthatpeoplewhosocializewithotherslivelongerthanpeoplewhokeeptothemselves.Anewstudyshowsthatsocializingonlinemayhavehealthbenefitsaswell.Totestthetheory,researchersfromHarvard,Yale,NortheasternandtheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiegolookedattheFacebookprofilesof12millionpeople.ThentheycomparedtheprofileswiththeCaliforniaDepartmentofPublicHealthrecordsoveratwo-yearperiodfrom2011to2013.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithmorefriendsonlinewerelesslikelytodiethansimilarpeoplewhowerenotsoconnected.Theresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsinanarticletitled"Onlinesocialintegration(整合)isassociatedwithreducedmortality(死亡)risk"intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.OfallthekindsofFacebookusage,itwasgettingfriendrequestsratherthansendingfriendrequeststhatrelatedtoreducedmortality.Similarly,postingphotosandbeingtaggedinphotoswasconnectedwithlivinglonger,butsendingmessagesonFacebookwasnot.Peoplewhoweretaggedinmanyphotoshadthelowestmortalityratesinthestudy.SomediseaseshadasignificantreductionofmortalitywithFacebookusers.Deathsfrominfections,diabetes,mentalillnessordementia,heartdisease,strokes,othercardiovasculardiseases,liverdisease,andhomicidewereallsignificantlylowerforFacebookusersthanfornon-users.OthercausesofdeathdidnotshowarelationtoFacebookusage,includingseveraltypesofcancer,unintentionalinjuries,drugoverdoses,andsuicides.Thestudydidnotexamineanyothersocialmediasitestoseeifusingthemlengthenedlife.Also,twooftheresearchersworkedatFacebookwhilethestudywasbeingconducted.WilliamHobbes,oneoftheresearcherswhowasapostdoctoralfellowatNortheasternUniversity,andco-authorofthestudy,workedatFacebookasaresearchintern(實習(xí)生)in2013.HesaidthatFacebookagreednottointerferewiththeresearch,nomatterwhattheresultwas.But,headded,researchers"wereprettyconfidentthatweweregoingtofindthisresult".TheresearcherswerecarefultosaythattheirresultsshowedanassociativerelationshipbetweenusingFacebookandlivinglonger,notacausalone.Inotherwords,researchersdidnotprovethatusingFacebookmakessomeonelivelonger.ThestudysimplyshowedaconnectionbetweenalongerlifeandsomeactivitiesusersdoonFacebook.Theresearcherssaythefindingsmaybeabletohelpshowhowonlinesocialnetworkscanhelpimprovepeople’shealthonaglobalscale.1.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusion?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Bydoingquestionnaires.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byconductingexperiments.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Socialmediamakesiteasiertomakefriends.B.NotallFacebookusageisconnectedwithalongerlife.C.Postingphotosmaybecomeverypopularinthefuture.D.UsingFacebookfrequentlymakesone’slifelastlonger.3.Facebookusagemayreducethemortalityriskofpeoplesufferingfrom________.A.strokesB.cancerD.suicidesC.drugabuse4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toreporttheresultsofastudy.B.Tostresstheimportanceofsocialmedia.C.ToshowthehealthywayofusingFacebook.D.Toexplainwhyonlineinteractionhashealthbenefits.D"Breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday,"reportstheDailyMail,claimingthat"skippingitincreasesyourchancesofaheartattack."Thestudy,publishedinthepeer-reviewedjournalCirculation,wascarriedoutbyresearchersfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,BrighamandWomen’sHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchool.ItwasfundedbytheUSNationalInstitutesofHealthandtheCanadianInstitutesofHealthResearch.Thisstudyfollowed26,902maleAmericandentists,vets,pharmacists(藥劑師),optometrists,osteopathsandpodiatrists(足療師)agedbetween45and82yearsoldfor16years.Tobefitforthestudy,themencouldnothaveahistoryofcancer,coronaryheartdisease,heartattackorstroke.Thepopulationbeingstudiedwasalsoextremelylimited—professionalmenwhowerealmostwhite.Moreresearchinwomenandothergroupsisneededforustolearnmoreaboutbreakfastandhearthealth.Aftertrackingalargegroupofmiddle-agedandoldermaleAmericanhealthprofessionals,studyingtheireatinghabitsandtheirriskofdevelopingcoronaryheartdiseasefor16years,itfoundthatmenwhoreportedskippingbreakfasthada27%higherriskofcoronaryheartdiseasethanmenwhoatebreakfast.Menwhoregularlywereaddictedtoa"midnightsnack"werefoundtohavea55%higherriskofcoronaryheartdiseasethanmenwhoHowever,noassociationwasseenbetweeneatingfrequency(numberofmealsperday)andtheriskofcoronaryheartdisease.Thiscouldsuggestthatitisthetimingofmealsratherthanthefrequencythathasabiggerinfluenceonhearthealth.Butbecauseofthedesignofthisstudy,adirectcauseandeffectrelationshipbetweenbreakfastandhealthcannotbeproved.Whiletheresearchersattemptedtotakecertainlifestylefactorsintoaccount,itcouldbethecasethatpeoplewhotaketimetohavearegularbreakfastalsotendtohavehealthierlifestyles.1.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussing?A.Heartdiseaseriskishigherinmenwhoskipbreakfast.B.Breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.C.Manyprofessionalstookpartintheresearch.D.Somepeoplehaveapreferenceformidnightsnacks.2.Ifyouwanttobeaparticipant.A.youmustbeanAmericandentistB.youshouldcontactCirculationC.youshouldbeover50yearsoldD.youmustbefreefromsomediseases3.ApersonwhopreferstohavemidnightsnacksA.mayhaveahigherriskofcoronaryheartdiseaseB.mayhaveahabitofskippingbreakfastC.mayhavelessthanthreemealsadayD.mayeatmorefrequentlythanothers.4.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowA.aregularbreakfastwillcostalotoftime.B.moreresearchshouldbedoneaboutbreakfastandhealthC.theresearchersmusthavedevelopedhealthylifestylesD.onlyafewpeoplefocusonhealthylifestylesA和健康功效，并列出了一些食用這些水果的方法。Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodeliciouswho在乎的是它的美味。故選2.BIfyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceont