新概念第三冊5-8

徐老師送給2010考研同學(xué)的禮物2：新概念第三冊課文精讀詳解50篇

Lesson5Thefacts確切數(shù)字

一、【Text】課文

Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaders

withunimportantfactsandstatistics.Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedby

awell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident'spalaceinanewAfrican

republic.Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthen

refusedtopublishit.Thearticlebegan:'Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwall

whichsurroundsthepresident'spalace.'Theeditoratoncesentthejournalista

telegraminstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthe

wall.

Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetooka

longtimetosendthem.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthe

magazinewouldsoongotopress.Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,but

receivednoreply.Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnot

replysoonhewouldbefired.Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditor

reluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.Aweeklater,the

editoratlastreceivedatelegramfromthejournalist.Notonlyhadthepoorman

beenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.However,hehadatlastbeen

allowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrested

whilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthe

president'spalace.

二、［Newwordsandexpressions］生詞和短語

?editorn.編輯

?extremen.極端

?statisticsn.統(tǒng)計數(shù)字

?journalistn.新聞記者

?presidentn.總統(tǒng)

?palacen.王宮；宏偉的住宅

?publishv.出版

?faxn.傳真

?impatientadj.不耐煩的

?firev.解雇

?originallyadv.起初，原先，從前

★editorn.編輯

editvt.編輯

editionn.編輯

editorialadj.編輯的，主編的；n.社論，評論

★extremen.極端

gotoextreme（s）todo走極端

Eg:Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplaywasthebestone.

Hewenttoextremestosaythathisgirlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld,

gofromoneextremetotheother

★statisticsn.統(tǒng)計數(shù)字

★journalistn.新聞記者

journalist（雜志）新聞記者

reproter（電視臺）記者

correspondent（電臺）記者，通訊員

★presidentn.總統(tǒng)

★palacen.王宮；宏偉的住宅

★publishv.出版

Eg:Theyhavealreadypublishedthemagazine.

=printvt.

Eg:thebookhasalreadybeenpublished.

Thebookhasgonetopress.

★faxn.傳真

sentafax

★impatientadj,不耐煩的

patientadj.有耐心的

patientlyadv.有耐心地

impatientadj.不耐煩的

impatientlyadv.不耐煩地

patiencen.

impatience

★firev.解雇

Hewasfiredfromhisjob.

dismass(正式)

Themanagerdisissedhimfromhiscompany.

sack(ft!?)vt.解雇，辭退

Eg:Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbesacked.

★originallyadv.起初，原先，從前

originaladj.

三、【課文精析】

gotoextremes走極端

provide=supply給…，提供（通常與介詞搭配連用）

provedesb.Withsth./providesth.forsb.

Heprovidedthemwithabedforthenight.

Heprovidedabedforthemforthenight.

instructsb.todosth==tellsb.formallytodosth.正式告訴某人做某事

'..ajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleon

thepresident'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic/

主動語態(tài):Awell-knownmagazineinstructedajournalisttowriteanarticleonthe

president'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic/

Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.

on==about側(cè)重強調(diào)課題專一

Abookonradio

Whenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticle

refusetopublishit

refuse:vt.拒絕（態(tài)度嚴(yán)厲）

decline:vt.婉言謝絕

repudiate:vt.斷然拒絕

which指代thehighwall

instructing—現(xiàn)在分詞進(jìn)一步補充說明fax的情況

setouttodosth.==decideandtrytodo決定，打算，著手做=setaboutdoing

Eg:Hesetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years

takesb.alongtimetodosth.某事花了某人很久的時間

Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.

twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxes

failto

reluctantly=unwillingly勉勉強強地，不情愿地

asithadoriginallybeenwritten=initsoriginalway

倒裝簡述：

notonly位于句首，必須采用倒裝形式

Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,buthadbeensenttoprisonaswell.

1.否定副詞位于句首，要倒裝。

NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我從來沒有讀過這樣的小說。

Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.無論在哪兒他都找不到他想要的那本書。

HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不認(rèn)為這是可能的。

常用的否定副詞：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosooner

2.含有only的狀語位于句首，句子要倒裝

Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.只有到那個時候,他才認(rèn)識到

自己犯了個錯誤。

Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibleto

planatrip.

只有獲得比較多的信息之后，才有可能計劃去旅行。

3.還有not的副詞短語位于句首，要倒裝。

notforamoment,notintheleast,notforaninstant,notuntil

NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglshliterature.他對英國文學(xué)一點都不感興趣。

Notforaninstantdidibelievehehadlied.

4.含有n。的短語位于句首，句子要倒裝。

atnotime,innoway,innosence,bynomeans,innocase,onnoaccount,onno

condition,undernocircumstances.'絕不'

Undernocircumstancescanweaccpetthecheck.無論如何我們不能接受這筆錢。

Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehouse.你無論如何也不能把嬰兒留在

房間里。

5.so,suh位于句首，句子也要倒裝。

Hehadatlastbeenallowed=hehadatlastbeenpermitted

=hehadaskedforpermission

beallowedtodo,bepermittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodosth.：請

求允許，被允許

inwhich——which指代fax

while和現(xiàn)在分詞搭配，做時間狀語，表示“正在做某事的過程中”，可以用while引導(dǎo)的時間

狀語從句去替換。

whilehewascounting...

leadingto現(xiàn)在分詞，通向

thestepsleadingtothepresident'spalace

theroadleadingtotheforest

fifteen-foot--一做前置定語?，這里的名詞必須是單數(shù)形式

which指代wall（避免和前面的句式結(jié)構(gòu)相同）

Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸櫥窗搶劫

一、【Text】課文

TheexpensiveshopsinafamousarcadenearPiccadillywerejustopening.Atthis

timeofthemorning,thearcadewasalmostempty.MrTaylor,theownerofa

jewelleryshopwasadmiringanewwindowdisplay.Twoofhisassistantshadbeen

workingbusilysince8o'clockandhadonlyjustfinished.Diamondnecklacesand

ringshadbeenbeautifullyarrangedonabackgroundofblackvelvet.Aftergazingat

thedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.

Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonandits

hornblaring,roareddownthearcade.Itcametoastopoutsidethejeweler's.One

manstayedatthewheelwhiletwootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfaces

jumpedoutandsmashedthewindowoftheshopwithironbars.Whilethiswas

goingon,MrTaylorwasupstairs.Heandhisstaffbeganthrowingfurnitureoutof

thewindow.Chairsandtableswentflyingintothearcade.Oneofthethieveswas

struckbyaheavystatue,buthewastoobusyhelpinghimselftodiamondstonotice

anypain.Theraidwasalloverinthreeminutes,forthemenscrambledbackinto

thecaranditmovedoffatafantasticspeed.Justasitwasleaving,MrTaylorrushed

outandranafteritthrowingashtraysandvases,butitwasimpossibletostopthe

thieves.Theyhadgotawaywiththousandsofpoundsworthofdiamonds.

二、［Newwordsandexpressions］生詞和短語

?smash-and-grabn.砸櫥窗搶劫

?arcaden,有拱廊的街道（兩旁常設(shè)商店）

?Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街

?jewelleryn.珠寶（總稱）

?necklacen.項鏈

?ringn.戒指

?backgroundn.背景

?veletn.天鵝絨，絲絨

?headlightn.（汽車等）前燈

?blarev.發(fā)嘟嘟聲，吼叫

?staffn.全體工作人員

?raidn.偷襲

?scramblev.爬行

?fantasticadj.非常大的

?ashtrayn.煙灰缸

★smash-and-grabn.砸櫥窗搶劫

opiecesviolently

vi.Thedishessmashedonthefloor.

smashinto:撞擊到某處

Eg:Thebussmashedintoabigtree.

grab:seizesuddenly

catch:getholdofsth./sbb.moving

snatch:catchsth./sb.suddenlyandviolently

seize:強調(diào)抓住、抓到的結(jié)果Fearseizedher.

grasp:強調(diào)掌握

hold：強調(diào)抓牢、抓緊Heisholdinganumbrella.

★arcaden.有拱廊的街道（兩旁常設(shè)商店）

★Piccadillyn.皮卡辿利大街

★jewelleryn.珠寶（總稱）

★necklacen.項鏈

★ringn.戒指

★backgroundn.背景

onthebackgroundofsth.以什么為背景

backgroundinformation

amanofexcellentbackground

★veletn.天鵝絨，絲絨

★headlightn.（汽車等）前燈

★blarev.發(fā)嘟嘟聲，吼叫

★staffn.全體工作人員

★raidn.偷襲

★scramblev.爬行

scramblevi.creepquickly

climbvt.爬上

mount:登k

★★★fantasticadj.非常大的

fantastic:verygreat/largeafantasticsofmoney

strange

wonderful

★ashtrayn.煙灰缸

三、【課文精析】

inafamousarcadenearPiccadilly介詞短語修飾shops

Eg:Theshoeshopinmyneighbourhoodwasjustopening.

Eg:Beijing,ourcapital,isevelopingenormously(atfantasticspeed).

Keysentence:

'Aftergazingatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackinto

hisshop/

運用ing形式結(jié)構(gòu)，其邏輯主語要和主句的主語保持一致

本課的重點句式：with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

如果賓語和賓語補足語在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)該采用動詞的ing形式：

如果是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該采用過去分詞形式作賓補

如果表達(dá)某事將要展開發(fā)生，要用動詞不定式t。

Shesatstaringintothedistancewithtearsstreamingdownhercheeks.

Shestoodtherwithherhandsrestingonherhips.

Heranintotheroomwithhisfacecoveredwithtears.

Withhishomeworkfinished,hefelthappy.

Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.

Hewentoutwithhishaton.

Withthemeetingover,wewenthome.

Hecameinwithaknifeinhishand.

Twootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfacesjumpedout.

Withalotofworktodo,hecan'tgotothecinama.

總結(jié)：

with用于句首或句尾，常表示狀語、行為方式、原因、伴隨狀況等；如果跟在名詞之后，是用

來修飾限定該名詞

athiefwithatockingoverhisface

ateacherwithabookunderhisarm

aroomwiththewindowsopen

cometo后面常接名詞，表示達(dá)到

cometoastop,cometoanend,cometoadecision,cometoanagreement,come

toanunderstanding,cometosuccess,cometofame

停車stop,drawup,pullup

atthebarbar's,atthebutcher's,atthebaker's,atthegreengrocer's.atthe

grocer's,atthestationer's,atthetobacconist's,atthechemisfs

helponeselfto:自便

helpyourselttodish

Myroommatehelpedherselftomyclotheswithoutaskingme.

atafantasticspeed/atatremendousspeed/atahigh(full)speed/withgreat

speed

hundredsofthousandsofdollarsworthofjewel數(shù)十萬美元的珠寶

Wordbuilding

前綴構(gòu)詞法

如何運用常見的前綴

dis-

agreeabledisagreeablecontentdiscontent

gracefuldisgracefulhonestdishonest

satisfactorydissatisfactory

dis還可以加在名詞前

agreementdisagreement

honestydishonesty

abilitydisability

gracedisgrace

comfortdiscomfort

dis可以加在動詞前

agreedisagree

appeardisappear

believedisbelieve

dis■還可表示除去、解除，在名詞前加dis-得到動詞形式

couragediscourage

rootdisroot

maskdismask

burdendisburden

il?加在以I開頭的形容詞之前

legalillegallogicalillbogical

literateilliterate

im-加在以b,m,p開頭的形容詞之前

possibleimpossible

mortalimmotal

moralimmoral

balancedimbalanced

ir-加在以r開頭的形容詞之前

regularirregularrationalirrational

resistibleirresistible

in-主要用于其他字母開頭的詞之前

humaninhumancorrectincorrect

justiceinjusticesinca\ereinsincere

un?只能手于形容詞和動詞之前

不

happyunhappyfriendlyunfriendly

luckyunlucky

無

conditionalunconditionallimitedunlited

非

officialunofficialjustunjust

未，主要用于過去分詞之前

undecidedunfinishedunexpectedunhurt

用于動詞之前表示做相反的動作

lockunlocktieuntie

coveruncoverpackunpack

dressundressloadunload

Lesson7Mutilatedladies殘鈔鑒別組

一、［Text］課文

Hasiteverhappenedtoyou?Haveyoueverputyourtrousersinthewashing

machineandthenrememberedtherewasalargebanknoteinyourbackpocket?

Whenyourescuedyourtrousers,didyoufindthenotewaswhiterthanwhite?

PeoplewholiveinBritainneedn7despairwhentheymakemistakeslikethis(anda

lotofpeoledo)!Fortunatelyforthem,theBankofEnglandhasateamcalled

MutilatedLadieswhichdealswithclaimsfrompeoplewhofedtheirmoneytoa

machineortotheirdog.Dogs,itseems,lovetochewupmoney!

ArecentcaseconcernsJaneButIinwhosefiance,John,runsasuccessfulfurniture

business.Johnhadaverygooddayandputhiswalletcontaining￡3,000intothe

microwaveovenforsafekeeping.ThenheandJanewenthorse-riding.Whenthey

gothome,Janecookedtheirdinnerinthemicrowaveovenandwithoutrealizingit,

cookedherfiance'swalletaswell.Imaginetheirdismaywhentheyfounda

beautufully-cookedwalletandnotesturnedtoash!Johnwenttoseehisbank

magnagerwhosenttheremainsofwalletandthemoneytothesecialdepartment

oftheBandofEnglandinNewcastle:theMutilatedLadies!Theyexaminedthe

remainsandJohngotallhismoneyback.'Solongasthere'ssomethingtoidentify,

wewillgivepeopletheirmoneyback,1saidaspokeswomanfortheBand.'Lastyear,

wepaid￡1.5mon21,000claims."

二、［Newwordsandexpressions)生詞和短語

?mutilatev.使殘缺不全

?chewv.咀嚼

?fiancen.未婚夫

?microwaven.微波，微波爐

?ovenn.爐灶

?safekeepingn.妥善保管

?Newcastlen.紐卡斯?fàn)枺ㄓ凼校?/p>

?identifyv.鑒別，識別

?spokeswomann.女發(fā)言人

★mutilatev.使殘缺不全

vt.經(jīng)常用于被動語態(tài)

1,毀傷，殘害。

Hewasmutilatedintheaccdient,andnowhasonlyoneleg.

amultlatednote

2,把…搞砸了

You*vealreadymutilatedthenovelbymakingsuchchanges.

★chewv.咀嚼

Alotofpeoplelovechewinggums.

Don'tbiteoffmorethanonecanchew.不要自不量力

chewthefat:聊天

chewedup：（俚）著急的，擔(dān)心的

Don'tgetchewedup/aboutyourexamination.

★fiancen.未婚夫

★microwaven.微波，微波爐

micro-=tiny,veryverysmall

microswitch,microfilm,microscope,microsecond,microphone,microbiology

反義前綴：macro-=great.large

★ovenn.爐灶

★safekeepingn.妥善保管

keepsth.safe

PleasekeepyourIDcardsafe

doevil:干壞事

evildoing

maketrouble=>troublemaking

★Newcastlen.紐卡斯?fàn)枺ㄓ凼校?/p>

★identifyv.鑒別，識別

identifyofsb.orsth.

Hecan*tidentifytheperson.

identity:n.

Sofarthearcheologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.

identificationn.命名，確認(rèn)

★spokeswomann.女發(fā)言人

三、【課文精析】

whiterthanwhite====damaged,mutilated.損壞,殘缺不全

Fortunatelyforthemluckly/happilyforthem固定搭配

team組織

makeaclaim提出索賠

feedsth.to

concern:涉及到----isabout

runafactory,runacompany

Ihaveaverygoodday.Ihaveagoodtime

gohorse-riding,gofishing,gohunting,goshopping

beautifully-cookedwallet:用一種諷刺的口吻

turnedtoturnedintobecome

who----bandmanager

solongas:onconditionthat表假設(shè)，只要

payfor:為…付款

Wepaid80dollarsforthedictionary.

on強調(diào)對21000起索賠要求

payoff還清，償還

Thecouplehavealreadypaidtheirdebtsoff.

payback

1,把錢歸還回去paymoneyback

2,報仇，報復(fù)paysomebodyback

Lesson8Afamousmonastery

著名的修道院

一、(Text)課文

TheGreatStBernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.At247ometres,itisthe

highestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofStBernard,whichwas

foundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,St

BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.These

friendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatch-dogsevenin

Romantimes.Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassis

lessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwhenevera

travellerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewho

rashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot

Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedby

thousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars,Astherearesomanypeopleabout,

thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthe

monasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperaturedropsto-30。andveryfewpeople

attempttocrossthePass.ThemonksPreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemore

privacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutside

theirenclosure.Theonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesof

skierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethe

peaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard's

monastery.

二、［Newwordsandexpressions］生詞和短語

?monasteryn.寺院，修道院

?St.Bernard圣伯納德

?passn.關(guān)隘

?watchdogn.看門狗

?rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地

?enclosuren.圍場，圈地

?monkn.和尚，僧侶

?privacyn.清靜，隱居

?skiern.滑雪者

?Eastern.復(fù)活節(jié)

★monasteryn.寺院，修道院

abbot:修道院院長

conventnun:修女

abbess:女修道院院長

★St.Bernard圣伯納德

★passn.關(guān)隘

★watchdogn.看門狗

★rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地

boldlyadv.

★enclosuren.圍場，圈地

★monkn.和尚，僧侶

★privacyn.清靜，隱居

★skiern.滑雪者

★Eastern.復(fù)活節(jié)

atEaster,atChristmas,atThanksgiving

三、【課文精析】

connects/JoinSwitzerlandtoItaly/linkSwitzerlandwithItaly

connect...with:把…與某事聯(lián)系在一起

Ican'tconnectthepicturewithmyfriendMary.

Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?

beconnectedwith與…有聯(lián)系

at2,473metres:介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示原因、條件或狀態(tài)

Attheageof25,heisable.

Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.

限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句最大的區(qū)別

非限制性定語從句是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補充說明和解釋,去掉對主句影響不大

限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分

MrSmithwasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.

MrSmith,whodiedonJuly17that