北京市2021年中考真題試卷英語(yǔ)試題真題(Word版,含答案與解析)

北京市2021年中考真題試卷英語(yǔ)試卷、B、C、D項(xiàng)。(0.56分)A.himB.herC.youD.them1.（2021·北京）Mary'sbirthdayiscoming.We'vedecidedtomakeacakeA.himB.herC.youD.them【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】賓格的人稱代詞，代詞辨析的生日快來(lái)了。我們已經(jīng)決定為她做一塊蛋糕了。Ahim他；Bher她的；Cyou你；Dthem他們根據(jù)Mary'sbirthdayis我們已經(jīng)決定為她做一塊蛋糕了。故選?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查代詞辨析，注意人稱代詞賓格形式的用法。A.onB.byC.atD.in2.（2021·北京）SpaceDayofChinafalls A.onB.byC.atD.in【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】介詞辨析424日。on……之前；at在，后跟連續(xù)的一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間前，此處指具體的一天，要用介詞onA?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查介詞辨析，注意常見(jiàn)介詞on，by，at和in的用法。3.（2021·北京shallwemeetforthepicnic?A.HowB.WhenA.HowB.WhenC.WhyD.Where【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】疑問(wèn)詞辨析【解析how怎樣；when什么時(shí)候；Attheschoolgate.可知，此處要用where對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，故選DAttheschoolgate.可知，此處要用where對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查疑問(wèn)詞，注意根據(jù)答語(yǔ)選擇合適的疑問(wèn)詞。4.（2021·北京）—Sam, Ijoinyouinthecommunityservice?A.canB.mustA.canB.mustC.shouldD.need【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞——can能；must必須；should應(yīng)該；need需要。根據(jù)Ofcourseyou我能和你一起參加社區(qū)服務(wù)活?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，注意識(shí)記can，must，should和need的用法。5.（2021·北京）Thedoctorsworkedfortenhours, nobodytookabreak.A.soB.forC.butA.soB.forC.butD.or【考點(diǎn)】連詞辨析【解析】【分析】句意：醫(yī)生們工作了10個(gè)小時(shí)，但沒(méi)有人休息一下。so所以；for為了；but但是；orThedoctorsworkedfortenhours可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，要使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞Thedoctorsworkedfortenhours可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，要使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查連詞辨析，注意常見(jiàn)連詞so，for，but和or的用法及積累。A.carefulB.morecarefulC.mostcarefulD.themostcareful6.（2021·北京）TheteacherisgladtoseethatTonyis A.carefulB.morecarefulC.mostcarefulD.themostcareful【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)的一般句式thancareful的比較級(jí)，其比較級(jí)是morecareful，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查比較級(jí)，注意識(shí)記形容詞比較級(jí)的用法。7.（2021·北京）—Peter,whatareyoudoing?A.willwriteB.amwritingC.wroteD.havewritten—Oh,I A.willwriteB.amwritingC.wroteD.havewritten【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)【解析】【分析】句意：——彼得，你在干什么？——奧，我正在寫一篇關(guān)于民族英雄的報(bào)告。根據(jù)問(wèn)句Peter,whatareyoudoing?以及語(yǔ)境，正在寫一篇關(guān)于民族英雄的報(bào)告，要使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為be（am，is，are）+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，注意識(shí)記其結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。8.（2021·北京）MyparentsandI treeslastSunday.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanting D.planted【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式planted，故選D。【解析】動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式planted，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)，注意根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)。9.（2021·北京）—Lily,whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?A.doB.didC.willdoD.wasdoingA.doB.didC.willdoD.wasdoing【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】表示目前存在的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或習(xí)慣【解析】【分析】句意：——莉莉，放學(xué)后你通常會(huì)干什么？——我和我的朋友們一起鍛煉。根據(jù)usually可知，句子應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)I后，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要使用動(dòng)詞原形，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，注意根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞的變化。A.learnsB.waslearningC.haslearnedD.willlearn10.（2021·北京）Mr.Smith A.learnsB.waslearningC.haslearnedD.willlearn【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在子要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其構(gòu)成是have/has+過(guò)去分詞，主語(yǔ)Mr.Smith子要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其構(gòu)成是have/has+過(guò)去分詞，主語(yǔ)Mr.Smith是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞要使用hashas，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，注意識(shí)記其結(jié)構(gòu)為have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。A.enjoyedB.enjoyC.wereenjoyedD.areenjoyed11.（2021·北京）Today,manywinterOlympicsports A.enjoyedB.enjoyC.wereenjoyedD.areenjoyed【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)winterOlympicsportsenjoy之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，beare。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，注意識(shí)記一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法。12.（2021·北京）—Couldyoupleasetellme ?—NextThursdaymorning.whenwevisitedtheCapitalMuseumwhendidwevisittheCapitalMuseumwhenwewillvisittheCapitalMuseumwhenwillwevisittheCapitalMuseum【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】時(shí)態(tài)統(tǒng)一，陳述語(yǔ)序NextThursdaymorning.可知，句子使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選C。BDNextThursdaymorning.可知，句子使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查賓語(yǔ)從句，注意賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞、語(yǔ)序及時(shí)態(tài)。二、完形填空(每題1分，共8分)北京閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的、BCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。ThePictureofPeaceWhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer.Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofa日)toentertheschool 1 "Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays.Idon'tthinkIcangetthispicture!"Mikecomplained."Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?"suggestedMom."Ican't-therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarolloffilm,itgetsdeveloped(沖洗膠)，andwe 2 onephotoforthecompetition.""Whyisasunsetsoimportant?"Momasked."The 3 ofthecompetitionispeace,"Mikeexplained,"andIfeelmostpeacefulseeingasunset."Zach,hissix-year-oldbrothercameoutofthebedroom."Hey,youwanttotakeapictureofme?Look!"Heputbotharmsoverhishead."Notrightnow,"saidMike,laughing.Thatveryafternoon,Mikefeltexcitedwhenhesawclearskies.Hecarefullylineduphis鏡頭)andwaited 4 tillthesunreachedtheground."That'sit!Perfect!"heshoutedcheerfully.Thenextmorning,Mikenoticedhecouldtakeonemorepicturetocompletetherolloffilm,sohewalkedintoZach'sroom.Zachwas 5 quietlywithateddybearunderhisarm.Mikedidn'twakeZachup,andcarefullytookapictureofhim.Aweeklater,Mikegotthephotos.Thesunsetpicturewastheonehewasmost 6 tosee.Thereitwas!ItwasasnearlyperfectasMikehadexpected.Then,helookedthroughtheotherphotos.Suddenly,hestopped.Hiseyebrows(眉毛)roseashethephotoofZach.Helookedbackatthephotoofthesunset,whichseemedlessperfectnow.Hethetwochoices.Finally,hedecidedtohandinthephotoofZachforthecompetition.1.A.violinB.tennisC.photoD.chess2.A.chooseB.collectC.describeD.design3.A.prizeB.topicC.resultD.purposeA.politelyB.bravelyC.hopefullyD.secretlyA.playing B.readingC.writing D.sleepingA.afraid B.eager C.surprisedD.confusedA.studiedB.sharedC.copied D.fixedA.changedB.offeredC.acceptedD.weighed【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）A；（8）D；【考點(diǎn)】故事閱讀類，記敘文Mike賽，他希望用日落的照片參賽，之后無(wú)意間Zach的一張照片吸引了他的注意力，于是他改變了主意。的答案，使短文更通順。句意：最近，他試圖拍攝一張日落的照片，以參加學(xué)校的攝影比賽。A.violin小提琴；B.tennis,網(wǎng)球；C.photo照片；D.chess"Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofa可知，最近他試圖拍一張日落的照片，目的是參加學(xué)校的攝影比賽。故選C。A.choose選擇；B.collect搜集；C.describe描述；D.design設(shè)計(jì)；前文"Wehandinarolloffilm,itgets可知，我們上交一卷膠卷，沖洗好，從這些照片里選出來(lái)一張參賽。故選?？吹饺章?，我感到最平靜。A.prize獎(jiǎng)品；B.topic話題；C.result結(jié)果；D.purpose"andIfeelmostpeacefulseeinga可知，邁克感覺(jué)日落讓他感到最平靜，所以這次比賽的主題是和平。故選。句意：他小心翼翼地排好子彈，滿懷希望地等到太陽(yáng)到達(dá)地面。A.politely有禮貌地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.secretly秘密地；前文指出看到晴朗的天空之后他很開(kāi)心，后面又提到他等到了那個(gè)畫面，所以現(xiàn)在他是滿懷希望地等著太陽(yáng)射到地面。故選C。句意：扎克正靜靜地睡覺(jué)，腋下夾著一只泰迪熊。A.playing玩耍；B.reading閱讀；C.writing寫作；D.sleeping"Mikedidn'twakeZachZach,Mike在睡覺(jué)。故選D。句意：日落的照片是他最渴望看到的照片。A.afraid害怕的；B.eager渴望的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.confused困惑的；根據(jù)前文可知，日落的畫面是他很期望得到的。故選。句意：當(dāng)他仔細(xì)地看著扎克的照片，眉毛揚(yáng)了起來(lái)。A.studied學(xué)習(xí)；B.shared分享；C.copied復(fù)制；D.fixed因此選studied符合題意。故選A。A.changed改變；B.offered主動(dòng)提供；C.accepted接受；D.weighed權(quán)衡；"他權(quán)衡了這兩個(gè)選擇，最后他決定把扎克的照片交weighed符合題意。故選。三、閱讀理解(每題2分，共26分)北京閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的、C、D選項(xiàng)。YoungHeroesforthePlanetNowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.SavingPandasWhenJackwas11,hestartedagrotuopteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger."Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareabout"pJaancdkass,ays.Growing RightKathy,14,setupanpeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealswroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsareearea.CreatingEnergyAttheageof12LindacalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectrict，Lindasaysherinventioncrectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.CleaningUpPatrick,13,joinedtheOceanlastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticaround nearbylakeswithhisfriends.ThegoaloftheprojectwasWhostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?A.Jack.B.Kathy.C.Linda.D.Patrick.HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?A.11.B.12.C.13.D.14.WhatwasthegoalofPatrick'sproject?Tofightplasticpollution.ToprotectpandasindangerTolearnaboutnativeplants.Touseheattomakeelectricity.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A【考點(diǎn)】人物傳記類，議論文【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介紹了四位正在改變世界的孩子。選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，有時(shí)可采用排除法快速得出答案。"WhenJackwas11，hestartedagrouptoteachkidsabout11歲時(shí)，他成創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)組織教孩子們關(guān)于熊貓的知識(shí)。故選A。"Attheageof12LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE"Linda12歲的時(shí)候發(fā)明了一SuperESuperE12歲。故選。"Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplastic可知，Patrick項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是對(duì)抗塑料污染。故選。15.（2021·北京）閱讀理解WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned(指派)tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold.Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn'tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies,ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetine,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,"Shelley,nowyoucancolorinitanytime."Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn'tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn'tgiveuponher.OneFriday.Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatlfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle(戰(zhàn)役)formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn'tknowhowmuchIwashurting.Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornotFinally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,"Thankyou."Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.LookingbackatthisI'minawe(驚嘆),becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn'talone.Ididn'taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?A.Cold.B.Lazy.D.Slow.InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter .wroteherabookmadeheratoydrewherapicturetoldherastoryShelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat .herteacherslovedherherclassmateswerekindthewriterunderstoodhershehadtostudyevenharder【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C【考點(diǎn)】故事閱讀類，記敘文ShelleyShelley的改變，因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為自己所做的就是讓Shelley知道自己并不孤單。性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，有時(shí)可采用排除法快速得出答案。"ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentand我第一次見(jiàn)到她時(shí)，她沉默而冷Shelley時(shí)，她沉默而且冷漠，故選A。"Bythat,Ididn'tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn'tgiveupon這時(shí)，我不知道該如何打動(dòng)這個(gè)小女孩，但我知道我不會(huì)放棄她的。以及第四段"OneFriday.Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmy一個(gè)星期五。我決定告訴她一個(gè)關(guān)于我童年的故Shelley,D。"Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,"Thankyou."Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids"謝謝。"從那時(shí)起，Shelley"Ididn'taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismy我沒(méi)有讓她講她的故事，因?yàn)樗墓适戮褪俏业墓适隆？芍?，Shelley改變了很多是因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到作者理解她。故選C。16.（2021·北京）閱讀理解SchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetablesIt'snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren'svegetableintake(攝入量).HowtheStudyWasCarriedOutThestudywascarriedoutineightschools,Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGetThestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases(慢性疾病).Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed(接觸)tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier."Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,"explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful."Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it'simportanttoencouragethisinterest,"saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether.Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessage.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?Theydidresearchonnewplants.Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.TheytookhomegreenvegetablesTheybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHomeWaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHomeReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildrenD.SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParentsWhatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?Parent'supportmightimprovechildren'sreading.Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents'creativity.Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren'spreference.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D【考點(diǎn)】醫(yī)療保健類，說(shuō)明文【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介紹了在學(xué)校花園里讓學(xué)生自己種植蔬菜的好處。Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrow性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，有時(shí)可采用排除法快速得出答案。Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrow"theirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables."在該項(xiàng)目中，每一所學(xué)校都建了一個(gè)花園，孩子們?cè)谀抢飳W(xué)會(huì)種植自己的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，比如水果和蔬菜。可知，孩子們?cè)谀抢飳W(xué)會(huì)種植自己的新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選B。Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincrease"Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful."任何讓孩子接觸更多蔬菜的機(jī)會(huì)都是有意義的。以及整段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了從不同方面鼓勵(lì)孩子們多吃蔬菜的方法。故選。Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincrease"theirpreferencefortheproduce."法?？芍?，實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)可能會(huì)影響孩子的偏好。故選D。17.（2021·北京）閱讀理解Natureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesand.ontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However.thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭(zhēng))againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures.suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(適應(yīng)),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,打獵).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentof)isrelatedtothatadaptation—fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat'sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshell,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimesoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeaksthatlanguage.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?Culturebelongstohumannature.Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.D.Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans'struggleforlife.Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.Theword"transmission"inParagraph4probablymeans" ".A.systemB.spreadC.startD.spiritWhatisthewriter'sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C【考點(diǎn)】社會(huì)文化類，議論文表明，二者但是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分。生物的發(fā)展和文化的發(fā)展是緊密相連的，文化的傳播似乎與我們血液中的東西直接相關(guān)。句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，有時(shí)可采用排除法快速得出答案。lnswesfnasae斗爭(zhēng)）againsthumannature"幾位現(xiàn)代作家把教育的過(guò)程看作是一場(chǎng)與人性的斗爭(zhēng)?？赏茢?，第二段主要介紹了教育推動(dòng)人類進(jìn)步。故選D。"Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangeliving這似乎是一種適應(yīng)，使人類能夠進(jìn)入新的和不同的地區(qū)，打開(kāi)改變生活習(xí)慣的機(jī)會(huì)?？芍髡叩谌握?wù)撫鳙C是為了展示文化是如何隨著人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)展的。故選C。"傳播，故選。"Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied"很明顯，生物的發(fā)展和文化的發(fā)展是緊密相連的。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可推知，作者認(rèn)為自然和文化是不同的，但互為聯(lián)系。故選C。四、閱讀表達(dá)（每題2分，共10分）18.（2021·北京）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,"Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?"Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,"Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch."Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparentsdrop-off-theycan'tusetheirown"screens"atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It'sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens,Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That'swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout"screens".Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis"outofdate".Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon"likes"they'vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn'tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner'slife.Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?【答案】（1）Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.略【考點(diǎn)】日常生活類，記敘文".掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.可知根據(jù)我們所做的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，我們學(xué)校的大多數(shù)學(xué)生每天花6個(gè)小時(shí)在屏幕上。所以學(xué)校里的6Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That'swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-free可知Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)nactivities,fordsandme密室逃脫eatschool.可知學(xué)校組織了一些有趣的活動(dòng)，例如紙牌游戲和房間逃生游戲。所以學(xué)生們?cè)趯W(xué)校有一些有趣的活動(dòng)，如紙牌游戲和房間逃生游戲。故答案為Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyed沒(méi)有屏幕后感覺(jué)自己很享受。故答案為Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn'tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner's可知在我們的第一個(gè)無(wú)屏幕日之后，學(xué)生們提到他們很驚訝他們喜歡它。找到方法幫助我們的學(xué)生互相聯(lián)系是很重要的。雖然技術(shù)已經(jīng)是我們世"因?yàn)閷W(xué)生的主要任務(wù)是學(xué)習(xí)，并且它讓學(xué)生回到直正的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中來(lái)。故答案可以為Ithinkthe"ScreenFreeDay"isveryimportant,becausethem