雅思小作文主體段備考技巧

朗閣雅思考第一羅漢：排序羅Next…comeItisfollowedThisisfollowed…leaving…at舉個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的例子，比如世界上人口最多的國(guó)家，第2。那么我們不管用什么樣的句子去寫中國(guó)，在寫完后，就可以用上述排序結(jié)構(gòu)中的某一個(gè)來(lái)引出印度，比如說(shuō)：Itisfollowedby 式。下面我們來(lái)具體看幾個(gè)排序在中的用法：CollegeChasthegreatestproportionoflectureswithPHDqualificationamongallthecolleges,at60%.NextcomescollegeA,at50%,followedbycollegeBat30%.（按照數(shù)據(jù)大小關(guān)系Londonhastheoldestundergroundrailwaysystemamongthesixcitiesanditwasopenedintheyear1863.Pariscomesnextwiththesecondoldestundergroundsystembeingopenedin1900.（按照時(shí)間的Theundergroundtraindriversawamuchquickergrowthrateintheirannualsalarythanotherprofessions. officercomesnext,followedbythefirefighterandnurse.（按照數(shù)據(jù)的幅度大小關(guān)系）Turningtothepiegraph,overhalfofthefundswerespentonroads(52Nextcomesrailways,takingupnearlyonethirdofthefunds.（按照數(shù)據(jù)大小關(guān)系）第二羅漢：羅在圖表題中幾乎每種圖形都會(huì)涉及到百分比或者等數(shù)據(jù)，而略微遺憾的是我們很多同掌握幾個(gè)的詞匯：比如，percent是“百分之”的意思，等同于%符號(hào)，前面應(yīng)該用數(shù)據(jù)，比如60%可以寫成60percent,另外要注意percent后面是不加s的。而percentage是“百分比”的意思，后面不能直接跟數(shù)字，一般需要用thepercentageof來(lái)表達(dá)某個(gè)百分比。此外，我們經(jīng)?？梢杂胮roportion,share,rate等來(lái)表達(dá)相同的意思，比如：Alargeproportionoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithAmericansspendasmallershareof eonfoodthanresidentsofotherdevelopednations.3.3.第三羅漢：“占據(jù)”羅Thepercentageofresidentsbelow18yearsoldwasmuchhigherinUtahthanthatinothertwostates.2533%;50%;67%;75%1/41/3;1/225%---aquarter;33%--one/athird;50%--half;67%--twothirds;75%--threequarters.overtwothirds,72%我們可以寫成slightlyunderthreequarters等等，通過(guò)這樣很小的切換，增加了字?jǐn)?shù)，又符合學(xué)術(shù)化的表達(dá)：23%oftheresidentsinUtaharepeopleof0-14agegroup.我們便能改為：SlightlyunderaquarterofthecitizensinUtaharepeopleof0-14age除了上述這幾個(gè)重要分?jǐn)?shù)外，我們有時(shí)候還會(huì)遇到80%,90%這兩個(gè)相對(duì)較大的，這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們也可以將其用amajorityof或者是avastmajorityof來(lái)進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)化的轉(zhuǎn)AmajorityofcoursesatcollegeCobtaintopratingfrominspectors,comparedto60%and40%ofothercolleges.constitute;comprise;takeup;accountfor;makeAsianscompriseoveronethirdofthesixbillionInCalifornia,whileblacksmakeuplessthan20percentofthejuvenilepopulation,overhalfofallarrestsinvolveblackchildren.IV.In1960,the15-46agegroupconstitutedoverhalfoftheJapanese第四羅漢：?jiǎn)柧砹_和問(wèn)卷有關(guān)的單詞是問(wèn)卷的結(jié)果一般表達(dá)為：theresultsofasurvey/theresponsestoa問(wèn)卷或者的為：thepeopleThetableillustratestheresultsofasurveyontheuniversityfacilitiesinthreeBritishcollegesin2002.Overhalfoftherespondentsgiveapositivefeedbacktothe在上面的第一個(gè)例句中，我們可以用theresponsestoasurvey來(lái)同義替換劃線的短第五羅漢：點(diǎn)羅7.7.第七羅漢：連詞羅越點(diǎn)，后面接續(xù)時(shí)間點(diǎn)第六羅漢：將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)羅的時(shí)候必須使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。但是實(shí)際使用的時(shí)候我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些數(shù)據(jù)至少有23個(gè)甚至bepredictedbeforecastbeprojectedItispredicted要注意的是前三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的to都是不定式，后面要接續(xù)動(dòng)詞的，在實(shí)際使用時(shí)be動(dòng)詞一般都為is,但是這些結(jié)構(gòu)都表示未來(lái)的意思：Thepercentageshowedasharpincreaseinthecomingyears,whichisforecasttoreachapeakof59%intheyear2021.From1990onwards,however,thefigureplunged,whichispredictedtodropby50%toonly10%in2030.Itispredictedthatthenumberofvisitorswillcontinueitsupwardtrendandclimbto30,000intheyear2035.ascanbeascanbetoldfromtheturningwithrespectwithregardinbycomparedinonthefollowingafter前個(gè)連詞我們一般用于第一個(gè)主體段開篇，但是在動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)圖表中，我們可能就會(huì)使用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作為開篇，因此這個(gè)連詞是參考，而非必須。主體段第段，第段甚至第開篇我們可以參考—這幾個(gè)連詞，尤其是第第個(gè)，在意思上大致一致，表示。第6個(gè)和第個(gè)的區(qū)別在于前者表示的是不同點(diǎn)的對(duì)比，而后者則表示相同或相似點(diǎn)的比較，后面都是跟句子。而當(dāng)需要接續(xù)名詞或者短語(yǔ)時(shí)我們就直接使用第個(gè)連詞。第個(gè)和第就需要使用這個(gè)連詞。從第個(gè)連詞開始都是表示時(shí)間的，在動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)中使用。第八羅漢：簡(jiǎn)單句羅在圖表題主體段的描寫中，動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)：主+figure,percentage等，不能是其他名詞，而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也只能是不及物動(dòng)詞比如increase,dropthenumber/percentageproportionof屬性+增加減少（vi）+adv程度+數(shù)Thenumberofvisitorsincreasedsharplybetween1995and2005.Thepercentageofpeopleaged15-46droppedslightlyby10%duringthe40years.ThefigureforcollegeCrosegraduallyfrom30,000in2002to40,000in2003.Thenumberofagedpeopleover65fluctuatedbetween1million1.2millionfrom1940-動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)：主+謂+此句型結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)在于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞，比如witness,see等，賓語(yǔ)位置要用表示動(dòng)態(tài)變化的名詞比如growth,reduction等，在主語(yǔ)位置上可以仍舊為數(shù)據(jù)，也可以是地點(diǎn)或者時(shí)間段Thenumberofvisitorssawasharpincreasebetween1995and2005.Theyearsbetween1995and2005sawasharpincreaseinthenumberofvisitorsin.動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)：there根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)間來(lái)改變therebeaadj程度+增加減少名詞+in+屬性+Therewasasharpriseinthenumberofvisitorsbetween1995and2005 Therewasaslightdeclineinthenumberofagedpeopleover65fromTherewasafluctuationbetween1millionand1.2millionfrom1940-靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)：主+系+TheproportionofCaliforniawasThepercentagesofothertwostateswere18%and34%靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)：主+謂+Themostsignificantfeatureisthatteacher’ssalarywasthebiggestitemofexpenditureofUKuniversitieswhilethespendingonresourcessuchasbooksonlycomprisedasmallshare.CollegeChasthehighestproportionoflectureswithPHDqualification.CollegeBcomesnextwhilecollegeAhas20%.III.III.Themale yersclearlyoutnumberedtheircounterparts(72%and28%第九羅漢：介詞羅里筆者重點(diǎn)給出三個(gè)常用介詞的使用方法，這三個(gè)介詞分別是tobyof。在使用的時(shí)候我Thisyearunemploymenthasincreasedby20,000Thisyearunemploymenthasrisento第十羅漢：倍數(shù)羅說(shuō)，我們需要對(duì)于這些倍數(shù)作一個(gè)交代。表示倍數(shù)關(guān)系的單詞主要有以下這些：doubletriple/quadruple（2/3/4倍）,fold,times等。前面三個(gè)動(dòng)詞可以直接在句子中表達(dá)Ingeneral,thenumberofglobalpopulationrosesharplyduringthecenturiesandclimbedtoaroundsixbillionin2000,agrowthof12Around80%ofthegraduatesfromcollegeCareabletofindemploymentwithinsixmonthsaftergraduation.ThisfiguretriplesthatofcollegeAwhilecollegeBhas50%.Minorsconstitutednearly30%ofthepopulationinUtah.ThisdoublesthatofCaliforniawhileFloridahad我們注意一下第一個(gè)句子中的名詞短語(yǔ)，其中文意思為長(zhǎng)了12倍，我們可以用afoldedgrowth對(duì)其進(jìn)行替換，效果是一樣的，但是中文意思發(fā)生了細(xì)微的變化，為一個(gè)第十一羅漢：短語(yǔ)羅分詞短Onaverage,11%ofallhouseholds,comprisingalmosttwomillionpeople,wereinthisposition.300employeesattendfull-timecourse,constitutingalmostonethirdofalltheemployees.Nextcomestree-cutting,takingawayslightlylargerareasoflandthanfarminginallthethreeregions.Observingtheoverallworkdoesnotleadtoanysurprisesasitsimplycombinestheabovetwo,withabouttwo-thirdsofallworkersworkingfull-timeorlonghours,andtheremainingone-thirdworking介賓短However,thoseconsistingofonlyoneparentorasingleadulthadalmostdoublethisproportionofpoorpeople,with21%and19%respectively.Couplesgenerallytendedtobebetteroff,withlowerpovertylevelsforcoupleswithoutchildren(7%)thanthosewithchildren(12%).Bycontrast,theannualdistancecoveredbybicycle,motorbikeandairtravelonlyrepresentedaninsignificantshare,withlessthan8billionpassengerkilometersforeach.在第3個(gè)例句中，我們要特別注意foreach的用法，要將其和respectively區(qū)分開來(lái)，2個(gè)詞。Roleyandeducationgameshadlesssuccessfulsales,with7%Incomparison,studentexpenditureincountryCwasconsiderablyatonlyUS$1,500perObservingtheoverallwork doesnotleadtoanysurprisesasitsimplycombinestheabovetwo,withabouttwo-thirdsofallworkersworkingfull-timeorlonghours,andtheremainingone-thirdworking在最后一個(gè)句子中，介詞with引導(dǎo)的數(shù)據(jù)并列結(jié)構(gòu)用連詞and連接，使用時(shí)，第十二羅漢：語(yǔ)態(tài)羅化和增加表達(dá)復(fù)雜度上起了很關(guān)鍵的作用，以下我們來(lái)具體看一下語(yǔ)態(tài)在學(xué)術(shù)類小作流程我們?cè)趯懥鞒虉D的時(shí)候同一個(gè)動(dòng)作用2種語(yǔ)態(tài)皆可表達(dá)，但是若使用語(yǔ)態(tài)，既避免了Inthefirststage,theusedbottles,discardedbycustomers,areatthecollectingFollowingthis,thecleanbottlesaretransportedbythetruckstotheglassfactorywheretheyarebrokenintoglasspi