專題10.必修第2冊　Unit 4　History and Traditions（教師版）-2023屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí) （人教版2019）

Unit4HistoryandTraditions目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航重點(diǎn)詞匯閱讀單詞——我會認(rèn)1．mansionn．公館；宅第2．cemeteryn．墓地；公墓3．philosophyn．哲學(xué)4．descendantn．后裔；后代；子孫5．heeln．足跟；(腳、襪子、鞋等的)后跟6．currencyn．通貨；貨幣7．militaryadj.軍事的；軍用的8．conquervt.占領(lǐng)；征服；控制9．galleryn．(藝術(shù)作品的)展覽館；畫廊10．landscapen．(陸上，尤指鄉(xiāng)村的)風(fēng)景11．buttern．黃油；奶油vt.涂黃油于12．honeyn．蜂蜜13．a(chǎn)ncestorn．祖宗；祖先14．courtyardn．庭院；院子15．scentn．氣味；氣息16．stewn．燉菜(有肉和蔬菜)vt.&vi.燉；煨17．sensoryadj.感覺的；感官的18．transitionn．過渡；轉(zhuǎn)變；變遷19．Wales威爾士(英國)20．Scotland蘇格蘭(英國)21．Northern北愛爾蘭(英國)22．Vikingn．維京人；北歐海盜23．Normanadj.諾曼式的；諾曼人的24．Romanadj.古羅馬的；羅馬的n．古羅馬人；羅馬市民25．Irishadj.愛爾蘭的；愛爾蘭人(或語)的重點(diǎn)單詞——我會寫1．Confuciusn．孔子2．individualadj.單獨(dú)的；個別的n．個人3．chiefadj.最重要的；最高級別的n．(公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的)首領(lǐng)；酋長4．nearbyadj.附近的；鄰近的adv.在附近5．legaladj.法律的；合法的6．battlen．戰(zhàn)役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗；奮斗7．portn．港口(城市)8．chargen．收費(fèi)；指控；主管vt.收費(fèi)；控告；充電9．a(chǎn)mountn．金額；數(shù)量10．a(chǎn)pproachn．方法；途徑；接近vt.接近；接洽；著手處理vi.靠近11．ensurevt.保證；確保；擔(dān)保12．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；豐富的13．positionn．位置；姿態(tài)；職位14．snackn．點(diǎn)心；小吃15．eageradj.熱切的；渴望的16．countyn．(英國、愛爾蘭的)郡；(美國的)縣17．feastn．盛宴；宴會；節(jié)日18．rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滾；(使)滾動n．卷(軸)；翻滾19．dotn．點(diǎn)；小(圓)點(diǎn)vt.加點(diǎn)；遍布20．cattlen．牛21．roarvi.&n．吼叫；咆哮22．oceann．大海；海洋23．greetvt.問候；迎接24．pubn．酒吧；酒館25．winen．葡萄酒；果酒26．beern．(一杯)啤酒27．customn．風(fēng)俗；習(xí)俗；習(xí)慣詞匯拓展1．puzzlen．謎；智力游戲；疑問vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的→puzzledadj.感到困惑的2．defencen．防御；保衛(wèi)→defendv．防御；保衛(wèi)→defensiveadj.防御的；保護(hù)的3．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的4．surroundvt.圍繞；包圍→surroundingadj.周圍的→surroundingsn．周圍的環(huán)境5．evidencen．證據(jù)；證明→evidentadj.明顯的6．a(chǎn)chievementn．成就；成績；達(dá)到→achievevt.達(dá)到；實(shí)現(xiàn)7．locationn．地方；地點(diǎn)；位置→locatevt.位于；找……的位置8．fascinatingadj.極有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinatev．使……入迷，迷住→fascinatedadj.著迷的9．a(chǎn)nnouncevt.宣布；通知；聲稱→announcementn．宣布；通知→announcern．廣播員；解說員10．poetn．詩人→poemn．詩歌→poetryn．詩歌(總稱)11．strikingadj.引人注目的；顯著的→strikevt.打擊；攻擊；打動n．罷工12．crowdn．人群；一群人；民眾vt.擠滿；使……擁擠→crowdedadj.擁擠的重點(diǎn)詞組1．join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來2．breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脫離；背叛；逃脫3．belongto屬于4．a(chǎn)swellas同(一樣也)；和；還5．keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意重點(diǎn)句型1．Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像擁有同樣的貨幣和國防一樣，他們也使用同一面被稱為聯(lián)合杰克的國旗。2．TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他們在英格蘭四處修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。3．Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall，offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses.它美麗的鄉(xiāng)村給人以激情和靈感，滿足各種感官享受。4．Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“綠寶石(愛爾蘭)島”風(fēng)光寧靜秀美，郡縣草木蔥蘢，青山連綿起伏，牛羊點(diǎn)綴其中，堪稱一場名副其實(shí)的視覺盛宴。5．Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.鄉(xiāng)村景色如此優(yōu)美，在愛爾蘭形成這些濃郁的包括音樂、舞蹈以及餐飲方面的傳統(tǒng)就一點(diǎn)也不讓人覺得奇怪了。知識精講知識精講知識點(diǎn)01join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來Inthe16thcentury，thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.16世紀(jì)，鄰近的威爾士并入英格蘭王國。[例1]Theislandisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge.島上有座橋與大陸相連。[例2]Howcanwejointhisislandandthatone?我們怎樣才能將這個島和那個島連接起來？[造句]因特網(wǎng)把每個個體和團(tuán)體都連接起來。EveryindividualorgroupisjoinedtotheworldbytheInternet.[知識拓展]joinin 參加；加入joinsb.in(doing)sth. 加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事jointheclub/army/party 加入俱樂部/參軍/入黨joinup(withsb.) (與某人)聯(lián)合，會合單句語法填空①WejoinedpointApointBinastraightline.②Weplantojoinwiththeotherclimbersontheothersideofthemountain.③Everybodyhastojointhetraining.【答案】1.to2.up3.in知識點(diǎn)2breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脫離；背叛；逃脫Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK...最后，在20世紀(jì)，愛爾蘭的南部脫離了英國……[例1]Johnbrokeawayandranoutside，determinednevertogotoanotherdance.約翰離開(舞伴)跑了出去，決定再也不參加任何舞會了。[例2]Itwaswrongforhimtobreakawayfromallhisgoodfriends.他和他所有的好朋友決裂是錯誤的。[造句]犯人掙脫了看守。Theprisonerbrokeawayfromtheguards.[知識拓展]breakdown 損壞；分解；(汽車)拋錨breakin 非法闖入；插嘴，打斷breakinto 破門而入，非法闖入；突然……起來breakoff 打斷；折斷；中斷(說話)breakout (戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakthrough 沖突；突破breakup 分解；分裂用break的相關(guān)短語填空①Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettosomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.②Wehadtothehouseaswehadlostthekey.③Thehusbandandwifearealwaysquarrelingandtheirrelationsare．④TheUnionwasconsistedofseveralcountries，oneofwhichitlaterbecauseofconflicts.⑤Thefireduringtheday，andthereforealmostnoonewasinjured.【答案】1.breakdown2.breakinto3.breakingup4.brokeawayfrom5.brokeout知識點(diǎn)3belongto屬于ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.所屬英國的四個國家在一些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了合作。[例1]Whodoesthiswatchbelongto?這塊表是誰的？[例2]Chinaisadevelopingcountrybelongingtothethirdworld.中國是個發(fā)展中國家，屬于第三世界。[造句]我過去是一個青年俱樂部的成員。Iusedtobelongtoayouthclub.[知識拓展](1)belongin 適于；適宜(放在某處)(2)belongingsn. 財產(chǎn)；所有物；親戚單句語法填空/翻譯句子①Shepackedherfew(belong)inabagandleft.②However，theman，whomthebikebelonged，decidednottokeepit.③這個袋子是我的。.【答案】1.belongings2.to3.Thisbagbelongstome[名師點(diǎn)津]belongto用法兩注意belongto中的to是介詞，該短語既不能用于被動語態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)；作后置定語時，形式為“...belongingto”。知識點(diǎn)4.Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence．像擁有同樣的貨幣和軍事防御，他們也使用同一面國旗，即眾所周知的英國國旗。(1)aswellas同(一樣也)；和；還[例1]Wecanknowmoreaboutthelifeofgreatpeopleaswellashistoryandculturesofothercountries.我們能夠了解更多偉人的生活以及其他國家的歷史和文化。[例2]Aswellasbeingaphotographer，sheisatalentedmusician.她不但是個攝影師而且還是個天才音樂家。[造句]除了摔斷了腿，他還傷了胳膊。Aswellasbreakinghisleg，hehurthisarm.[知識拓展]aswellas連接兩種詞性、結(jié)構(gòu)對等的成分，如對等名詞、動詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式等。重點(diǎn)掌握以下要點(diǎn)：1)aswellas連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞根據(jù)其前面的名詞或代詞確定。2)aswellas位于句首，相當(dāng)于besides，inadditionto，后接動詞時，用動名詞形式。3)aswellas也可以表示同級比較，意思是“和……一樣好”，well為副詞。單句語法填空/同義句改寫①Helen，aswellasherbrothers，(go)abroadalready.②Aswellas(learn)English，wewanttoexperiencelifeintheUSA.③Studentsshoulddeveloptheirowninterestsaswellas(do)theirschoolwork.④Thechildislivelyaswellas(health).⑤Hedidn'tperformas(good)assomeofhiscompetitors.⑥Theyvisitedsomefactories，hospitalsaswellastheschool.→Theyvisitedtheschoolsomefactoriesandhospitals.【答案】1.hasgone2.learning3.do4.healthy5.well6.notonlybutalso(2)defencen．防御；保衛(wèi)[例1]Indefenceofournation，manysoldierslosttheirlives.為了保衛(wèi)我們的國家，很多戰(zhàn)士獻(xiàn)出了生命。[例2]Mostcountrieshavearmiesfortheirdefence.大多數(shù)國家都有用于防御的軍隊。[造句]他搬出馬丁·路德·金的名字來為自己的行為辯解。HementionedthenameofMartinLutherKingindefenceofhisactions.[知識拓展]1)indefence(of...) 為了保衛(wèi)(……)2)defendvt. 保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；為……辯護(hù)defend...from/against... 保衛(wèi)……以免受……單句語法填空①Wemustseetoitthatthereisnogapinour(defend).②Whattalkingpointscanberaiseddefenceofthisargument?③Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesknifeattacks.【答案】1.defence2.in3.against/from知識點(diǎn)5.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK，youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.幾乎無論你走到英國的哪個地方，周圍總有跡象表明，在歷史上，有四群人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治著英國。(1)surroundvt.圍繞；包圍[例1]Jillwassittingonthefloorsurroundedbyboxes.吉爾坐在地板上，周圍擺滿了箱子。[例2]Ifyou'reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylife，it'sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithproperemotionalsupport.如果你真的想過上健康的生活，和能給你提供適當(dāng)情感支持的人在一起是尤為重要的。[造句]對于有些人來說，幸福就是被家人和朋友們包圍著。Tosomepeople，happinessisbeingsurroundedbyfamilyandfriends.[知識拓展]1)besurroundedby... 被……包圍、環(huán)繞2)surroundoneselfwithsb./sth. 和某人/某物在一起3)surroundingadj. 周圍的；附近的4)surroundingsn. 環(huán)境單句語法填空/翻譯句子①WhenIcametotheairport，Isawthattheplace(surround)bypolice.②Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow，(surround)byhisfamily.③Standingonthetop，weadmiredthe(surround)scenes.④Shewasfacedwithanewjobinunfamiliar(surrounding).⑤他喜歡結(jié)交幽默的人們。.[小片段填空]Onceuponatime，akingwhowaspolitetocountries，livedinacastlebyalargeforestandhavingwonderful．從前，在一個綠樹環(huán)繞、環(huán)境優(yōu)美的城堡里住著一位國王，他對鄰邦十分友好?！敬鸢浮?.wassurrounded2.surrounded3.surrounding4.surroundings5.Helikestosurroundhimselfwithhumorouspeople2.surrounding，surrounded，surroundings(2)evidencen．證據(jù)；證明[例1]There'ssomeevidencethatoutdooractivitiesaregoodforus.有證據(jù)證明，戶外活動對我們有好處。[例2]Thefirstsignsofspringareinevidence.春天的最初跡象已顯而易見。[造句]目前我們沒有在其他行星上存在生命的證據(jù)。Atpresentwehavenoevidenceoflifeonotherplanets.[知識拓展]1)Thereissome/noevidencethat... (沒)有證據(jù)證明……inevidence 顯眼；顯而易見2)evidentadj. 明顯的；明白的It'sevidentthat... 很明顯……3)evidentlyadv. 顯然；明顯地；清楚地用evidence的適當(dāng)形式填空/完成句子①Hehatedmathsatschool，soit'samazinghebecameanaccountant!②Itmustbetoallofyouthathehasmadeamistake.③Anewstudyhasfoundnothatsunscreenactuallyincreasestheriskofskincancer.④很明顯，年輕人的教育對一個國家的未來是至關(guān)重要的。educationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.[小片段填空]Hisfootprintswereclearlyintheheavydust，whichisthethathehadcomeherebefore.他的腳印在塵土中清晰可見，這就是他先前來過這里的證據(jù)?！敬鸢浮?.evidently2.evident3.evidence4.Itisevidentthat2.evidentevidence知識點(diǎn)6.keepone'seyesopen(for)留心；留意Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心的話，你會驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)你能看到它的過去和現(xiàn)在。[例1]Keepyoureyesopenforaboyinaredcapandsweater.你要留心注意一個戴紅帽子，身穿紅毛衣的小男孩。[例2]Justkeepyoureyesopenandyourmouthshut.請你睜大眼睛，閉上嘴巴。[造句]警方要求居民留意一切不同尋常的情況。Thepoliceaskedtheresidentstokeeptheireyesopenforanythingunusual.[知識拓展]keepaneyeon 照看，照管；留心注意heeye(s) 直視別人haveaneyefor 對……有判斷力/鑒賞力catchsb.'seye 吸引某人的注意完成句子①We'veaskedtheneighbours(照看)thehouseforuswhileweareaway.②Aredpencil-markonthefifthpage(引起了他的注意).③Agoodartistmust(對顏色有判斷力).【答案】1.tokeepaneyeon2.caughthiseye3.haveaneyeforcolor知識點(diǎn)7.everywhere引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK，youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.幾乎無論你走到英國的哪個地方，周圍總有跡象表明，在歷史上，有四群人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治著英國。[句式分析]句中everywhereyougointheUK為everywhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句，相當(dāng)于whereveryougointheUK。[例1]Everywheretheylooked，nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.他們無論朝哪里看，幾乎一切都被毀了。[例2]Everywherehegoes，hewillnotforgettheterribleexperience.無論走到哪兒，他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了那次可怕的經(jīng)歷。[造句]無論去哪兒，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的事情。EverywhereIgo，Ifindthesamething.[知識拓展]引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞有：where(在……地方)，wherever(無論哪里，在任何地方)，everywhere(每一……地方，到處)，anywhere(任何地方)。完成句子/翻譯句子/同義句改寫①，therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.這位電影明星所到之處都有成群的人等著見她。②Youcango．你可以去任何你想去的地方。③有志者，事竟成。.④我哪兒也看不到它。.⑤我們所到之處游客人頭攢動。.⑥She'llwearfinejewelleryeverywhereshegoes.→She'llwearfinejewelleryshegoes.【答案】1.Whereverthefilmstargoes2.anywhereyoulike3.Wherethereisawill，thereisaway4.Ican'tseeitanywhere6.nomatterwhere/wherever知識點(diǎn)8.theway后接定語從句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses．他們引進(jìn)了英語的起源，并改變了人們建造房屋的方式。[句式分析]eq\x(句中theway后為省略了關(guān)系詞that或inwhich的定語從句。)[例1]Doittheway(that/inwhich)youweretaught.要按照教你的那樣做。[例2]Iwasimpressedbythewayinwhichshedidit.她完成這件事的方式給我留下了深刻的印象。[造句]使我吃驚的不是他說的話而是他說話的方式。Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbutthewayhesaidit.[知識拓展](1)theway后面的定語從句，關(guān)系詞若在從句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于“用這種方式/方法(＝inthisway)”時，通常不用關(guān)系詞，偶爾用that，在較正式的文體里才用inwhich來引導(dǎo)。(2)theway后不能用how引導(dǎo)定語從句，但也可以不用theway，而直接用how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來表達(dá)這類意思。單句語法填空/完成句子①Idon'tlikethewayyoutalktoyourmotherandyoumustchangethatway.②Thewaywasthoughtofbyhimofdoingtheexperimentwassimilartothewayyoucarrieditout.③hespeakstohisparents.我不喜歡他和他父母說話的方式。④wasquitesimple.他向我們解釋的那種方法很簡單。【答案】1.that2.which/that3.Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)4.Theway(which/that)heexplainedtous語法語法精講過去分詞作定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞(pastparticiple)是分詞的一種。規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞一般是由動詞加-ed構(gòu)成，不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞見不規(guī)則動詞表(見教材P114－P115)。[觀察例句]1．Beforetheshow，hundredsofexcitedvisitorswaitedintheirseatseagerly.2．Comeandreadthepoemwrittenbyaneight-year-oldboy!3．Ifeltmyselfoftenconfusedatfirst.4．Shehadherpaintingboxedsoitwasdeliveredsafely.[歸納用法]一、過去分詞作定語1．意義及物動詞的過去分詞作定語往往表示被動和完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語不表示被動，只表示完成。(1)表示被動和完成apollutedriver一條被污染的河流thewateredflowers澆過水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被動fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽2．位置單個的過去分詞作定語時，通常放在所修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語作定語時，通常放在后面，其作用相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Awatchedpotneverboils.[諺語]心急鍋不開。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.＝Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那個學(xué)生是我女兒。3．現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表主動或進(jìn)行；而過去分詞作定語時，表被動或完成。形式語態(tài)時態(tài)過去分詞被動完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動進(jìn)行Thecarbelongingtomyunclewasstolenlastweek.我叔叔的那輛車上周被盜了。Thebridgebuiltin2013wasdesignedbyalocalcompany.2013年建造的這座大橋是由一家當(dāng)?shù)毓驹O(shè)計的。4．難點(diǎn)突破三種非謂語形式作定語所表示的內(nèi)涵：done被動的動作已經(jīng)完成beingdone被動的動作正在發(fā)生tobedone被動的動作將要發(fā)生Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.昨天開的會很重要。Allthemembersoftheteamhaveattendedthemeetingbeingheld.所有的隊員都出席了正在舉行的會議。Itissaidthatthereisameetingtobeheldinthehalltomorrow.據(jù)說明天這個大廳有個會議要舉行。單句語法填空①Someofthepeople(invite)tothepartycan'tcome.②Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf(stand)inonecorner.③Thetrees(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.【答案】1.invited2.standing3.blown二、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語1．過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語的關(guān)系過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語有著動賓關(guān)系，賓語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.他看著電視機(jī)被搬出了房間。Lastyeartheyhadthehouserebuilt.去年他們讓人重建了房子。單句語法填空①You'dbetterhaveyourshoes(mend).②Thefatherwantshisdaughter(teach)thepiano.【答案】1.mended2.taught2．幾類能夠接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞(短語)(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞(短語)，如see，watch，observe，find，lookat，hear，listento，feel，notice，think等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我聽到有人用英語唱這首歌。Whenwegottoschool，wesawthedoorlocked.當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時，看見門鎖著。(2)表示“致、使”意義的動詞，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他們用了很簡易的英語以使別人聽懂。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。[名師點(diǎn)津]“have＋賓語＋過去分詞”可以表示三種含義：①表示“讓某人做某事”I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要去理發(fā)。②表示“遭遇某種不幸；受到打擊”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的錢包被偷了。③做某事(主語可能參與其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek.上周，我修補(bǔ)了房子。(3)表示“希望、要求”等意義的動詞，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn'twishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老師不希望在課堂上討論這樣的問題。Thepolice，findingthefilmunhealthy，ordereditbanned.警察發(fā)現(xiàn)這部電影不健康，令其禁演。單句語法填空①Isawanoldman(knock)downbyacar.②I'dlikethejob(do)whenIcomebackfromthejourney.③Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimself(hear).【答案】1.knocked2.done3.heard3．“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補(bǔ)足語，這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。Withwaterheated，wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。Shestoodinfrontofhim，withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他的臉。單句語法填空①Anoldmanwasbroughtin，withhishands(tie)behindhisback.②Withallthework(do)，Ifeelveryrelaxednow.【答案】1.tied2.done4．過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞/不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別(1)感官動詞后接復(fù)合賓語的比較感官動詞(短語)(一感：feel；二聽：hear，listento；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以see為例)：see＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.看見……,正在做……,dosth.看見……,做了……))\a\vs4\al(（賓語與賓語,補(bǔ)足語之間為,邏輯上的主動,關(guān)系）),done看見……被做（賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語,之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系）))IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。(主動，完成)IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天經(jīng)過她房間時，我聽見她正在唱英文歌。(主動，正在進(jìn)行)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該尋找機(jī)會并盡可能多地聽別人說英語。(被動，無時間性)(2)使役動詞make，have，get，keep，let后加復(fù)合賓語的比較(以make，have為例)：①make＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.讓……做某事,（賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為,邏輯上的主動關(guān)系）,done讓……被做,（賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為,邏輯上的被動關(guān)系）))Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他讓他的工人們每天工作12個小時。Hetriedtomakehimselfunderstood.他盡量使自己被理解。②have＋賓語＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.使……做某事,doingsth.使……持續(xù),做某事))\a\vs4\al(（賓語與賓語,補(bǔ)足語之間,為邏輯上的,主動關(guān)系）),done使……被做/遭受（賓語與賓語,補(bǔ)足語之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系）))have還可用于havesth.todo結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中have作“有”講，不定式作定語。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有很緊急的事要通知你們。(3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中補(bǔ)足語的比較witheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.doing（表示主動、進(jìn)行）,sth.done（表示被動、完成）,sth.todo（表示主動、將來）))Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.約翰收到一個晚餐邀請而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle，thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.因?yàn)橛泻芏嚯y題要解決，這位新任總統(tǒng)的日子不好過。單句語法填空①Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit(perform)liveisquiteanother.②Theboymadethebaby(laugh)bymakingafaceathim.③Shefellasleepwiththelight(burn).【答案】1.beingperformed2.laugh3.burningⅠ.單句語法填空1．Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts(develop)aftergreateffort.2．Thisisthestatueofabravesoldier(seat)onahorse，withagunonhisback.3．Thecars(sell)atthemarketnowaremadeinShanghai.4．Theairport(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.5．Thepolicewillcomesoontotakeawaythe(damage)car.6．Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica，Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother(take)goodcareofathome.7．Themeeting(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.8．Georgetelephonedaman(call)himselfPeter.9．Thenewbooks(print)inthefactoryatthemomentaremainlyintendedforchildren.10．Theyoungman，(tire)ofworkingforothers，isdeterminedtostarthisownfirm.【答案】1.developed2.seated3.beingsold4.tobecompleted5.damaged6.taken7.isbeingheld8.calling9.beingprinted10.tiredⅡ.短文語法填空TheAmberRoomwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.The1.(select)amberhad2.beautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.Thedesignoftheroomwas3.thefancystylepopularinthosedays.Itwasalsoatreasure4.(decorate)withgoldandjewels，5.tookthecountry'sbest6.(artist)abouttenyearstomake.Later，CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoom7.(move)toapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.8.(sad)，theAmberRoom9.(consider)oneofthewondersoftheworld，isnow10.(miss).【答案】1.selected2.a3.in4.decorated5.which6.artists7.moved8.Sadly9.considered10.missing寫作園地寫作園地介紹一個地方描述一個漂亮或者特殊的地方總體上屬于介紹事物的說明文。它的要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容可包括：地理位置、面積、人口、氣候狀況、著名的地方以及與眾不同之處等。時態(tài)應(yīng)以現(xiàn)在時為主，人稱以第三人稱為主。[基本框架]開頭：介紹該地方的基本信息(位置，面積等)；主體：描述該地方的一些具體信息(著名的地方，與眾不同之處)；結(jié)尾：作者對此地點(diǎn)的感受或總結(jié)陳述以吸引讀者去旅游。[常用詞塊]1．...is/lies/islocated/issituated＋地點(diǎn)狀語某地位于……2．...is/lies＋數(shù)詞＋metresabovesealevel某地海拔為……3．...issurroundedby...……周圍被……環(huán)繞4．...bevery/quite/extremelycold/hot/warm/dry/humid/sunny/rainy/mild...alltheyearround某地氣候終年寒冷/炎熱/溫暖/干燥/潮濕/日光充足/多雨/溫和……5．...isrichin...，like/suchas...……盛產(chǎn)/富于……例如/像……6．...isfamous/well-knownfor...……以……著名7．...hasa(long)historyof...……有……年的(悠久)歷史8．...dates/goesbackto...……可追溯到……[常用語句]★精彩開頭1．Itislocated/liesin...，withanareaof...2．Itcoversanareaof...，withahistoryof...3．...，locatedin...andcoveringanareaof...，isoneofChina'smostfamousscenicspots.4．Thehistoryof...datesbackto...5．Ithasbecomethemostpopulartouristattractionsince...★正文佳句1．Therearemanyplacesofinterest，suchas...2．Youcanenjoy...，whichhasahighreputationbothathomeandabroad.3．With...，...is/areattractingmoreandmoretourists.4．Aninterestingfeatureof...is...5．Withitspleasantclimate，richnaturalresourcesandbeautifulscenery，...isoneofChina'smajortouristcities.6．Atripalong...willenableyoutogettoknow...★余味結(jié)尾1．...iswellworthvisiting.2．...isaplaceyouhavetovisitandtheextraordinaryviewwillmakeyouunwillingtoleave.假定你是英國學(xué)生Harry，有一位中國筆友LiHua想了解一下你的家鄉(xiāng)愛丁堡，請你根據(jù)提示回復(fù)一封電子郵件。愛丁堡蘇格蘭(Scotland)的首府，政治和文化中心人口約50萬面積260平方千米(squarekilometres)地理位置蘇格蘭的東南部交通公共交通十分便利天氣氣候溫和(mildclimate)旅游最受歡迎的旅游城市之一；古老建筑眾多注意：詞數(shù)80左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearLiHua，TodayI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutEdinburghwhichyouaskedaboutinthelaste-mail.Yoursfaithfully，Harry[參考范文]DearLiHua，TodayI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutEdinburghwhichyouaskedaboutinthelaste-mail.Edinburgh，locatedinthesoutheastofScotland，isthecapitalofScotlandaswellasitspoliticalandculturalcentre.Itcoversanareaof260squarekilometreswithasmallpopulationofaboutfivehundredthousand.Inthecity,youcaneasilygetwhereveryouaregoing，usingpublictransport.Closetoseaside，Edinburghhasamildclimate，whichmakesitoneofthemostpopulartourismcitiesintheUK.What'smore，whatmakesituniqueisitssplendidancientbuildingsstandingalongstreets.Iwouldbehappytoguideyouaroundourcityifyouwouldarrangeavisithere.Yoursfaithfully，Harry分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題2分，共16分)1．Thepowerofthe(個人)islimitedwhilethepowerofthemassesislimitless.2．Hethentookthewallettoa(附近的)policestationafterleavinganotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.3．Thefilmfestivalshouldbeareal(盛宴)forfilmfans.4．Hedecidedtoquittheafterquarrelingwiththemanager.5．Themanis(戰(zhàn)斗)againstthedestructionofculturalrelics.6．Sheherselflivedasimpleorratherpoorlife，butshewassotothepeopleinneedofhelp.7．Someofusweretotakepartintheclassactivities；otherswerenervousandanxious.8．Awaiteris(迎接)theguestsatthedoorofthepub.【答案】1.individual2.nearby3.feast4.position5.battling6.generous7.eager8.greetingⅡ.詞形變化填空(用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(每小題2分，共14分)9．Manypeoplewereatthese.(puzzle)10．Wemusttakesomemeasuresourcountryagainstinvasion.(defence)11．bytreesandflowers，theofthecottagearequitebeautiful.(surround)12.Thetheresultsoftly，butthemademeshocked.(announce)13．Itwasevidentthattheboywasbyhervoice.(fascinate)14．Ilove，especiallythewrittenbythemostfamous—LiBai.(poet)15．Themeetingroomisquitewithinit.(crowd)【答案】9.puzzled，puzzling，puzzles10.defensive，todefend11.Surrounded，surroundings12.announcer，announced，announcement13.fascinated，fascinating14.poetry，poems，poet15.crowded，crowds，crowdingⅢ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題2分，共10分)16．醫(yī)生們盡最大努力救治那些在地震中受傷的人。Doctorstriedtheirbesttosavepeople.17．當(dāng)他到達(dá)停車場的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的車被偷了。Whenhearrivedattheparkinglot，.18．看到如此可愛的狗被殺死，他的心都碎了。，hewasheartbroken.19．所有的作業(yè)都做完了，他出去玩了。，hewentouttoplay.20．你昨天晚上睡得那么晚，今天發(fā)困不足為奇。Youstayedupsolatelastnight；.【答案】16.injuredintheearthquake17.hefoundhiscarstolen18.Seeingsocuteadogkilled19.Withallhishomeworkfinished20.itisnotsurprisingthatyoufeelsleepytoday題組B能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空——復(fù)習(xí)本單元ReadingandThinking部分TheUK，whichisalsoreferred1.asBritainorGreatBritain，isa2.(fascinate)countrywithalonghistory.Itismadeupoffourcountries—England，Scotland，WalesandNorthernIreland.Thefourcountriesworktogetherinsomeareas,3.theyalsohavesome4.(different)，suchasdifferentlegalsystemsandnationaldays.TheUKwasoncetakenoverbyfourgroupsofpeople，whohadgreatinfluenceonthecultureofthiscountryinmanyways.Forexample，theRomans,6.cameinthefirstcentury，builtmanytownsandroadsalloverthecountry.TheAnglo-Saxons7.(introduce)thebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage.TheVikingsleftbehindthenamesofmanylocationsandtheNormanshadcastles8.(build)allaroundEngland.Ifyouhaveknownthehistoryandgeographyofthiscountry，youwillnot9.(confuse)bywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuch10.(enjoyable)．【答案】1.roduced8.built9.beconfused10.moreenjoyable請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后翻譯短文并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語法項目：過去分詞作定語和賓補(bǔ))eq\x(evidence，fascinating，charge，belongto，eager，greet，join，generous，surround)WhenstudyingintheUK，IwasnolongerpuzzledaboutwhenEnglandgotWales，ScotlandandIrelandtoitorwhenthesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway.Thefourcountries2.theUKusethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence，buttheyhavedifferentlegalsystems.IsawmuchthatshowedtheGreatBritainwasinvadedbytheRomans，theVikingsaswellastheNormans，wholefttheirso-calledachievementsandinfluencedthenamesoflocationsandvocabulary.Thereweremanyplaces，soIhadtokeepmyeyesopen.LaterItraveledtoIrelandwhereIfoundmyselffascinatedbythelandscape.ItwasafeastformyeyesasifIwereapproachingagalleryinwhichIwas5.withbeautifulpictures.EverydayIwas6.withtherollingmountainsdottedwithsheepandcattle，theroaroftheoceanandthescentsofflowers.Ioftenhadasipofwineorbeerinsmallpubswhich7.asmallamountofmoneyfortheirservice.OnceItalkedabouttheircustomswithacrowdofIrishpeoplewhowereinterestedinourConfuciusphilosophy，andtheywere8.andsharedwit