Unit 2 Animals-基礎(chǔ)版-2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語上外版必修第二冊(cè)同步講義

新一Unit2上基版學(xué)目：練握U2詞匯和型熟掌并用語句熟專閱。引入：1.is______visitedthatwhichD.2.is______sawtheotherD.inthat3.Itisthirdtime______latethismonth.thatarrivedwhenyouarrivedthatyouarrivedD.whenyou4.the______spenttogetherthewhenwhichinwhichD.duringwhich5.Shanghai,IleftwhichthatD.when6.left______istoB.D.which7.is______I’mtoin.whichthatD.inwhichIhaveboughtsamedress______shewearing.asthat9.The______he’twashewasinjured.why,thatC.that,10.HeAfrica,seenfromhisskin.thatitD.Whatmewaswhatsaidbut________saidit.thewayinthethattheD.thewaywhichwas________time________Igoschool.thata;thatD.when________isreportedtalksbetweencountriesaremakingprogress.ItB.ThatD.

KEY:ABB知識(shí)點(diǎn)一重點(diǎn)詞匯梳【識(shí)理A1.cruel/?kru?l/1).adj.whocrueldeliberatelycausespainordistresspeopleoranimals.殘忍的例：Childrencansocruel.孩子也會(huì)這么殘忍。2).Asituationoreventthatiscruelisharshcausespeopledistress.嚴(yán)酷的例：...strugglingsurviveincruelworldwithwhichtheycannotcope.…一個(gè)他們不能承受的嚴(yán)酷世中掙扎著求生。2.establish??st?bl?1).vt.Ifsomeoneestablishessomethingsuchasanorganization,atypeofactivity,orasetofrules,theycreateitorintroduceitinsuchawayitlikelylastforalongtime.建立;確立例：Thehasestablisheddetailedcriteriashouldallowedtovote.聯(lián)合國就誰應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許投票確立詳細(xì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2).v.Ifyouestablishcontactwithyoustartcontactthem.alsosaythattwopeople,groups,orcountriesestablishcontact.)]例：Wehadalreadyestablishedcontactthemuseum.我們已經(jīng)與那個(gè)博物館建立了聯(lián)。3).vt.Ifyouestablishthatsomethingtrue,discoverfactsthatthatitisdefinitely證實(shí)正式例：Medicalestablishedthatshewasnotchild.醫(yī)學(xué)檢測(cè)證實(shí)她不是他們的親生子。例：Itwillessentialtoestablishthemoneyisbeingspent.搞清這筆錢是如何被花費(fèi)的將至重要。4)youestablishyourself,yourreputation,oragoodqualitythatyouhave,succeedindoingsomething,andachieverespectorasecurepositionasaresultof立地位)例：Thisisgoingtobetheshowwhereup-and-comingcomedianswillestablishthemselves.

這會(huì)是一場(chǎng)很有前途的喜劇演員將在此確立他們地位的演出。例：Hehasestablishedhimselfasapivotalfigureinstatepolitics.他作為國家政治中的一位軸心人的地位已經(jīng)確立。【用配establishoneselfas

確立的地位3.concern/k?n??n/1）.Concernisworryaboutasituation.擔(dān)憂例：ThegrouphasexpressedconcernaboutreportsofpoliticalviolenceAfrica.該集團(tuán)已對(duì)有關(guān)非洲政治暴力的道表示擔(dān)憂。例：Themovefollowsgrowingpublicconcernoverthespreadofthedisease.該行動(dòng)是針對(duì)公眾日益增長的對(duì)疾病傳播的擔(dān)憂而采取的。2).vt.Ifsomethingconcernsyou,itworriesyou.憂[nocont]例：ThegrowingnumberofpeopleseekingrefugeThailandbeginningconcernWesternaidagencies.日益增多的到泰國尋求避難的人開始讓西方援助機(jī)構(gòu)感到擔(dān)憂。3).vt.Ifyouconcernyourselfsomething,yougiveitattentionbecausethinkthatimportant.關(guān)心例：Ididn'tconcernmyselfwithpolitics.我不關(guān)心政治。4.habitat/?h?b?t?t/n.habitatofananimalorplantisthenaturalenvironmentnormallylivesorgrows.生長環(huán)境例：Initsnaturalhabitat,thehibiscuswillgrowupto在其野生環(huán)境中，木槿能長25尺。5.exhibit/??z?b?t/1).vt.Ifsomeoneorsomethingshowsparticularquality,feeling,ortypeofbehaviour,yousaythattheyexhibitit.現(xiàn)出]例：Hehasexhibitedsymptomsanxietyandoverwhelmingworry.他已表現(xiàn)出焦慮和憂心如焚的癥。

2).vt.painting,sculpture,orobjectofinterestexhibited,itisputinapublicplacesuchasorartgallerysothatpeoplecanlookatYoualsothatanimalsareexhibitedinazoo.[usupassive]例：HisworkwasexhibitedthegalleriesinAmerica,EuropeAsia.他的作品在美國、歐洲和亞洲最的美術(shù)館展覽過。3).n.exhibition

展6.adjust???st/1).youadjusttonewsituation,gettoitbychangingyourbehaviouroryourideas.調(diào)整以適應(yīng)例：Wehavebeenpreparingfightersadjustthemselvescivilsociety.我們一直在讓我們的戰(zhàn)士們準(zhǔn)備自我調(diào)整以適應(yīng)普通社會(huì)。例：Ifeltadjustedtoideaofbeingamotherverywell.我感到我已經(jīng)很好地適應(yīng)了做母的想法。2).Ifyouadjustsomething,youchangeitthatitismoreeffectiveorappropriate.例：attractinvestors,adjustedtaxandlabourlaws.為了吸引投資者，巴拿馬已經(jīng)調(diào)了其稅務(wù)及勞動(dòng)法規(guī)。3).Ifyouadjustsomethingsuchasyourclothingoramachine,youcorrectoralteritspositionorsetting.例：Lizadjustedmirrorandthecarofparkingspace.莉茲調(diào)節(jié)了她的后視鏡，然后把慢慢地開出了停車位。adjust…to…調(diào)以適…7.extinct?k?st??kt/1).adjspeciesanimalorplantthatextinctnolongerlivingeitherinworldorinparticularplace.絕種的例：Atthecurrentratedecline,manyoftherainforestanimalscouldbecomeextinctlessthan10years.按照目前的下降速度，許多雨林物不到十年就會(huì)絕種。2).adjIfaparticularkindofworker,wayoflife,ortypeofactivityextinct,itnolonger

becauseofchangesinsociety.存在的例：Herbalismhadbecomeanbutextinctintheworld.草藥醫(yī)術(shù)在西方世界幾乎已成了項(xiàng)絕跡的技術(shù)。3.adj.extinctvolcanoisonethatdoesnoteruptornotexpectederuptanymore.的山)例：Itstallestvolcano,longextinct,OlympusMons.它最高的火山是已死很久的奧林斯山。8.essential/??s?n?l/1).adj.Somethingthatessentialisextremelyimportantorabsolutelynecessaryparticularsubject,situation,oractivity.關(guān)重的例：Itabsolutelyessentialtoseparatecropstheareasthatanimalsusedaspasture.把莊稼與牲畜的放牧區(qū)分開至關(guān)要。例：Astheymustalsoshortdistances,speedessential.由于他們還必須疾速短跑，因此度是至關(guān)重要的。2).n.Theessentialsarethingsthatareabsolutelynecessaryforthesituationareinorforthetaskyouaredoing.必需品例：Theapartmentcontainedthebasicessentialsforbachelorlife.這套公寓配有單身生活的基本必品。3).adjTheessentialaspectsofsomethingaremostbasicimportantaspects.本的;重要的例：Mostauthoritiesagreethatanessentialpartofachild'sdevelopment.大多數(shù)權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為玩耍是孩子長的一個(gè)重要部分。4).n.Theessentialsaretheimportantprinciples,ideas,orfactsofaparticularsubject.要素要點(diǎn)例：...theessentialsofeverydaylife,suchaseatingandexercise.…食、運(yùn)動(dòng)等日常生活要素。9.threat/θr?t/n.Athreattopersonorthingisadangerthatsomethingbadmighthappentothem.Athreatalsothecauseofthisdanger.脅;造成威脅的原因

例：Somecouplessinglewomenathreattheirrelationships.有些夫婦把單身女子看作是對(duì)他夫妻關(guān)系的一種威脅。2).n.Athreatstatementsomeonethattheywillhurtinsomeway,especiallyyoudonotdotheywant.威脅的言論例：Hemayforcedcarryhisthreattoresign.他可能會(huì)迫不得已將自己揚(yáng)言要職的威脅付諸實(shí)施。【固定搭配】underthreat受到威脅例：Hispositionasleaderunderthreat.他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位受到威脅。10.illegal/??ɡ?l/adj.somethingisillegal,thelawthatitisnotallowed.非法的例：Itillegaltointerceptradiomessages.竊聽無線電信息是違法的。legaladj.合法的11.attempt/??t?mpt/1）.youattemptsomething,especiallysomethingdifficult,trytodoit.圖指做困難的)例：TheonlythatweattemptedsomethinglikethatwasintheofPhiladelphia.我們惟一一次試圖做那樣的事是費(fèi)城。2）.Ifyouattemptsomething,youtrytoit,withoutsuccess.(指不成功的)企圖例：...deliberateattempttodestabilizethedefence.…意削弱防御的企圖。3).nattemptonsomeone'sanattemptkillthem.)例：...anattempttheoftheformerIranianprimeminister.…殺伊朗前總理的企圖。12.typically/?t?p?l?/

1).usetypicallytothatsomethingusuallyhappensinthewaythatyoudescribing.常withcl/group]例：Ittypicallytakesordependingonsize.這通常需要一天或兩天，依大小定。2).usetypicallytothatsomethingshowsallthemostusualcharacteristicsofparticulartypeofpersonorthing.典型地adj]例：Philippacedthefloor,atypicallynervousexpectantfather.菲利普在地板上踱來踱去，一個(gè)型緊張的準(zhǔn)爸爸。3).usetypicallytoindicatethatsomeoneinwaythatnormallydo.一貫地例：Typically,theNorwegianswereontwohoursbeforeelse.挪威人一貫比其他人早兩個(gè)小時(shí)山上。13.approach/??pr??t1).v.Whenapproachsomething,yougetclosertoit.例：Hedidn'tapproachthefrontdooratonce.他沒有立即走近前門。例：Iapproached,theysilent.當(dāng)我走近時(shí)，他們變得沉默了。2).n.Approachisalsoanoun.走近例：Attheirapproachthelittleranawayandhid.當(dāng)他們走近時(shí)，那個(gè)小男孩跑開并藏了起來。3).vt.Ifyouapproachaboutsomething,youspeaktothemaboutitforfirsttime,makinganofferrequest.與…洽[nocont]例：approachedmeaboutthejob,myfirstreactionwasdisbelief.當(dāng)布朗為這份工作找我時(shí)，我的一反應(yīng)是不相信。例：Heapproachedmetocreateanddesigntherestaurant.他來找我創(chuàng)辦并設(shè)計(jì)那家餐館。4).n.Approachisalsoanoun.接洽例：Therehadalreadybeenapproachesfrombuyersinterestedthewholeofthegroup.已經(jīng)有一些對(duì)整個(gè)集團(tuán)感興趣的主來接洽了。

5).vt.approachatask,problem,orsituationinaparticularway,dealwithitorthinkaboutitinthat理例：TheBankhasapproachedissueinpracticalway.該銀行已經(jīng)務(wù)實(shí)地處理了這個(gè)問。6).vi.Asafutureoreventapproaches,itgraduallygetsneareraspasses.例：Asautumnapproached,theplantsandcoloursingardenchanged.秋天漸近，花園里的植物與色調(diào)生了變化。7).nApproachalsonoun.例：...thespiritthatpermeatedthehousewiththeapproachChristmas.…著圣誕節(jié)的臨近而彌漫在這房子里的節(jié)日氣氛。8).vt.Asyouapproachafutureorevent,timepassessothatyougetgraduallynearerit.漸接近(時(shí)間或事)例：Thereaneedforunderstandingandcooperationasapproachthesummit.在我們即將參加峰會(huì)之際需要理與合作。9).vtIfsomethingapproachesparticularlevelorstate,italmostreachesthatlevelstate.乎達(dá)到某水平或狀)例：Oilpriceshaveapproachedtheirhighestlevelforalmostyears.石油價(jià)格已幾乎達(dá)到近十年來的高水平。10).n.approachtoplaceisaroad,orotherthatleadsto例：Theservesanapproachtotheboathouse.這條小路是通向那個(gè)船庫的一條徑。11).n.Yourapproachtoatask,problem,orsituationisthewayyoudealwithitorthinkabout式例：Wewillexploringdifferentapproachestogatheringinformation.我們將探索收集信息的不同方法definitely1).ADVYoudefinitelytoemphasizethatsomethingisthecase,ortoemphasizethestrengthofyourintentionoropinion.地]例：I'mdefinitelygoingtogetintouchthesepeople.我一定要聯(lián)系上這些人。

2).ADVIfsomethinghasdefinitelydecided,decisionwillnotbe確地beforev]例：Shedefinitelydecidedthatshewantedtocontinueworkingwithprison.她打定主意要繼續(xù)與監(jiān)獄里的女一起工作。B1.reunite/?ri?ju?1).vt.Ifpeoplearereunited,oriftheyreunite,theymeeteachotheragaintheyseparatedforsometime.重聚例：Sheheryoungestsonfinallyallowedtoreunitedtheirfamily.她和她的小兒子最終被允許和他的家庭團(tuán)聚。2).v.Ifadividedorganizationorcountryisreunited,oritreunites,becomesoneunitedorganizationorcountryagain.統(tǒng);重新聯(lián)合例：Asofthisevening,reunited.InBerlinthey'recelebrating.從今晚起，德國統(tǒng)一了。他們正柏林慶祝。例：Hisfirstjobwilltoreunitearmy.他的第一項(xiàng)任務(wù)將是重新統(tǒng)一軍。2.retire/r??ta??/1).vi.olderpeopletheytheirusuallystopcompletely.休例：Atthewhenmostpeopleretire,readytofaceanewcareer.在大多數(shù)人退休的年紀(jì)，他準(zhǔn)備面對(duì)一項(xiàng)新事業(yè)。2).vi.anathleteretiresfromtheirtheystopplayingincompetitions.Whentheyretirefromraceoratheystopcompetinginit.退役例：IdecidedtoFormularacingattheendoftheseason.我已經(jīng)決定這個(gè)賽季末退出一級(jí)程式賽車。3.release/r??s/1).vt.personorreleasedfromsomewherewheretheyhavelockedorfor,theysetfreeorallowedgo.放走[usupassive]例：Hereleasedfromcustodytheday.他第二天被從拘留中釋放。2).n.Whensomeoneisreleased,yourefertotheirrelease.釋放[withsupp]

例：Hecalledforthereleaseallpoliticalprisoners.他要求立即釋放所有的政治犯。3).vt.Ifsomeoneorsomethingreleasesfromaduty,task,orfeeling,theyfreeyouit.除[例：Divorcereleasesthehusbandandwifefromallmaritalobligationstoeachother.離婚解除了夫妻相互之間的所有姻義務(wù)。4).n.Releasealsoa解除[also'a'oftN'from'N]例：Ourtherapeuticstyleoffersreleasestoredtensions,traumas,andgrief.我們的治療方式意在解除蓄積的力、創(chuàng)傷和悲痛。5).vt.Toreleasefeelingsorabilitiesmeansallowthemtoexpressed.例：Becomingyourownpersonreleasesyourcreativity.保持你自己的本色可以釋放出你創(chuàng)造力。6).n.Releasealsoanoun.釋放例：Shefeltthesuddensweetreleaseofherowntears.她感到自己的眼淚突然而甜蜜地出來。7).vt.Ifsomeoneinauthorityreleasessomethingsuchasdocumentorinformation,theymakeavailable.發(fā)放例：They'renotreleasinganymoredetailsyet.他們還不準(zhǔn)備發(fā)放更多詳情。8).n.AnewreleaseanewCD,ormoviehasjustbecomeavailableforpeopletobuyorsee.發(fā)行物例：Ofthenewreleasesthataretherenow,whichdoyouarereallygood?現(xiàn)在外面新的發(fā)行物中，你覺得些真正好呢？4.elderly/?ld?/adj.Youelderlyasapolitewayofsayingthatsomeoneisold.年紀(jì)的[]例：Therewasanelderlycoupleonterrace.露臺(tái)上有一對(duì)上年紀(jì)的老人。5.recall動(dòng)詞作r?k??l。詞作?。

1).v.Whenrecallsomething,yourememberitandtellothersaboutit.;憶道例：HendersonrecalledthathemetPollardduringbusinesstriptoWashington.亨德森記起他是在一次去華盛頓差的途中第一次與波拉德結(jié)識(shí)的。例：Hislaterrecalled:"Heusedstayupuntiltwoo'clockinmorningplayingthesewargames."他的母親后來回憶道過去常常熬到凌晨2點(diǎn)這些打仗的游戲”2).n.Recallistheabilitytoremembersomethingthathashappenedinthepasttheactofrememberingit.力;回憶例：Heagoodtotalrecallherspokenwords.他有好記性，能完全回憶出她說的話。3).vt.Ifyouarerecalledyourhome,country,ortheplaceyouwork,youareorderedreturnthere.某)例：TheU.S.envoyrecalledtoWashington.該美國特使被召回了華盛頓。4).n.Recallalsoanoun.例：TherecallAmbassadorAlanGreenapublicsignalofAmerica'sconcern.艾倫·林大使的召回是美國關(guān)注此事的公開信號(hào)。5).vt.Ifacompanyrecallsaproduct,itasksthestoresorthepeoplewhohaveboughtthatproducttoreturnitbecausethereissomethingwrongit.召回()例：Thesaiditwasrecallingoneofdrugsandhadstoppedsellingtwo該公司說它正在召回它的一種藥，而且已經(jīng)停售了另外兩種藥品。6.affectionate/?f?k??nadj.youareaffectionate,yourloveorfondnessforanotherpersonthewaythatbehavetowardthem.顯露感情的例：Theyseemeddevotedtoeachotherandopenlyaffectionate.他們似乎很相愛，公然含情脈脈7.emerge??d?/1).v.Tomeanstooutfromanenclosedorspacesuchasaroomoravehicle,orfrompositionyoucouldnotbeseen.從視線以外的地)出現(xiàn);

例：Richardwaswaitingoutsidethedoorsheemerged.當(dāng)她出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，理查德正等候門外。例：Shethenemergedfromthecourthousetothankhersupporters.于是她從法院大樓出來向支持者表示感謝。2).vi.Ifyouemergefromadifficultorbadexperience,theendofit.例：Theregrowingevidencethatisatlastemergingfromrecession.有越來越多的跡象表明經(jīng)濟(jì)將最擺脫蕭條。3).v.Iffactresultemergesfromaperiodofthought,discussion,orinvestigation,itknownasaresultofit.露事實(shí)、結(jié))例：...thegrowingcorruptionthathasemergedinthepastfewyears.…去幾年中暴露出來的日趨嚴(yán)的腐敗。例：ItemergedthatneithertheJulynorAugustmortgagehadbeencollected.很快顯示的是7月和8押款都沒有被收取。4).v.Iforsomethingemergesasaparticulartheyrecognizedthatthing.立足成為[journalism]例：Vietnamhasemergedastheworld'sthird-biggestriceexporter.越南已立足成為世界第三大稻米口國。5).v.Whensomethingsuchanorganizationoranindustryemerges,itcomesintoexistence.興起例：...thenewrepublicthatemergedOctober1917.…191710的新共和國。8.peck/p?k/1).v.Ifabirdpecksatsomethingpeckssomething,movesitsforwardquicklybitesatit.;啄食例：Itwinterandthesparrowswerepeckingatwhatevertheyfind.已是冬天了，麻雀?jìng)兡苷业绞裁醋氖呈裁?。例：Chickenspeckedinthe小雞們?cè)趬m土中啄食。

【題講這常需要一天或兩天，依大小而定typically)把稼與牲畜的放牧區(qū)分開至關(guān)重要(essential)已表現(xiàn)出焦慮和憂心如焚的癥狀(們已經(jīng)與那個(gè)博物館建立了聯(lián)系KEY:1.Ittypicallytakesaortwo,dependingonsize.Itwasabsolutelyessentialtoseparatecropstheareasthatanimalsusedaspasture.Hehasexhibitedsymptomsanxietyandoverwhelmingworry.Wehadalreadyestablishedcontactthemuseum.【固習(xí)I.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.B.recallD.peckingF.theysprintovershortspeed

anbutskillinWesternworld.couplessinglewomenasatheir

thewerethetwobeforeI'mgoinginwiththeseagoodmemory,andtotalofherwords.

Shethenthetosupporters.ItwinterandatwhatevertheycouldKEY:知識(shí)點(diǎn)二1.非限定性定語從句；2.詞關(guān)系詞的使用；【識(shí)理一as引導(dǎo)非定定從as像which樣引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，用來代表整個(gè)子的內(nèi)容，它的先行詞可以是名詞可以是不定式短語或個(gè)句子從句中作主語語或表語引導(dǎo)的定語從句已成為固定用法asweknow正我們所知ashasbeen如所述asiswellknown眾周知

asisoftenthecase像常那樣asisreported如報(bào)道的那樣asexpected如預(yù)料的那樣Sheisveryshows.的工作所展現(xiàn)的那樣，她是個(gè)細(xì)心人。isto’s我們所知，吸煙有害健康。istheoutproduction像通常那樣，我們已經(jīng)制定出了產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。比較as引的非限定性定語從句的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別as和都以代替整個(gè)句子至于主句之后和可互換使用。He’ttellnews,as/which他有告訴我任何消息，這使我很不安。which定語從句表整個(gè)主句時(shí)不能放在主句之前引的定語從句，代表整個(gè)主句時(shí)可放在主句之前或之后，時(shí)也可放在主語與謂語之間。isreportedinnewspapers,talksthetwomakingprogress.

countries,asisinmaking正如報(bào)道的那樣，這兩個(gè)國家之的會(huì)談?wù)谶M(jìn)展中。二.使用語句注的項(xiàng)1.定從中主謂致定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，從句謂語要與先行詞的人稱、數(shù)一致。Isthewantsto是想見你的那個(gè)人嗎B.as語引導(dǎo)非限定定語從句，指全句時(shí)，從句謂語用單數(shù)。isusual,hecametoschoollatethis往常一樣，他今天早晨上學(xué)又遲到了。watervapor,whichis態(tài)水變?yōu)檎魵?，這叫做蒸發(fā)。詞為of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，關(guān)系代詞為從句主語，謂語復(fù)數(shù)。isoneofthestudentswhoinclass.弗雷迪是我們班想當(dāng)外交官的學(xué)之一。D.先為onlyof復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，關(guān)系代詞為從句主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Heistheonlyofstudentswhohasayears.他是惟一一個(gè)連續(xù)三年獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)的學(xué)生。2.whathow不用定從中能作關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句what引的賓語從句可以與that導(dǎo)的定語從句互換。（正Tellmeanything(that)（正Tellmewhatknow.訴我你所知道的一切說明what的賓語從句相當(dāng)于anything/all+that”導(dǎo)的定語從句。（誤Tellmeanythingwhat不能用作關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)定從句。修飾表示方式的的定語從句用inwhich來引導(dǎo)，也可用that或略。（正is(that/inwhich)thatboyworkedoutproblem.（正isthatboyoutproblem.（how語從句）（誤ishowthatboyoutproblem.這就是那個(gè)男孩解出這道題的方。3.介+關(guān)代

句型名/代詞+詞關(guān)系代簡單句alecturetoyesterday.師昨天給我們了一堂課。簡單句I’tthecompletely.我不能完全理解那堂課的意思。合成為定語從句=①+②Theusayesterday,theofwhichI’t

名詞介+關(guān)詞那位教授昨天給我們上了一堂課我不能完全理解那堂課的意思。簡單句studentsin我大約有。簡單句MostofusfromtheXicheng中的大多數(shù)人都來自西城區(qū)。合成為定語從句①+areinoftheXichengDistrict.

代介+系代詞我們年級(jí)大約有生，其中大多數(shù)都來自西城區(qū)。4.關(guān)代和系副的略系代詞的省略在非限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞不可以省略。JanewasformerEnglishteacher,retiredlastyear.簡哈塞克今天休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的英語老師。B.在限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞用作動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)可以省略。Sorry,Iforgetthe(which/that)want.對(duì)起，我忘了把你要的雜志帶過來和代替動(dòng)詞賓語，可以省略）代詞作介詞賓語，如果介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前關(guān)系代詞不可以省略；如果介詞位于定語從句的句末，關(guān)系代詞可以略。（正isbuildinginmyfatherworks.（正isbuildingfatherin.（誤isbuildinginmyfather父親工作的政府大樓。后的定語從句中，作主語賓語的關(guān)系代詞?？梢允÷浴hereIabout我毫辦法。系副詞的省略

非限定性定語從句中關(guān)系副詞不可以省略。ShelivedinforacoupleofsheChinese.她在名古屋住了幾年，在那兒教文。B.限定性定語從句中，若在口語和非正式語體中，某些表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間的名詞后的關(guān)系副詞可以省略。先行詞后的關(guān)系副詞可省略。isthe(where)firstmettwo就是我們兩年前初次見面的地方。Hestilltime(when)Berlin.得他在柏林學(xué)習(xí)的那些日子。補(bǔ)充以省略關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間名詞有等。Tellmethewasabsentyesterday.訴我你哥哥昨天缺席的原因。6.定從和位語句區(qū)據(jù)that句中是否作成分來判定that語從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，而在同位語從句不作成分。(that)youtoldweekisnot你告訴我的消息不是的。語從句，說明是哪一個(gè)在句中擔(dān)任語comenot領(lǐng)導(dǎo)將要來這兒的消息不是真的。位語從句，說明的體內(nèi)容that句中不擔(dān)任任何成分據(jù)意思來判斷在引導(dǎo)詞前加is后，如果句子成就是同位語從句，否則就不是，還是以上面兩個(gè)例句為例。weekisnottrue.→（誤newsisthat上周告訴我消息不是真的。（因?yàn)閠henews等于toldmelast，以句不成立，不是同位語從句，而是定語從句comenot→（正newsisthatwillcome要來這兒的消息不是真的。（句子成立，所以是同位語從句據(jù)that名詞判斷同位語從句中that前名詞必須是表示事實(shí)的抽象名詞belief，reply，而定語從句前的先行詞沒有這個(gè)制，但這一點(diǎn)不是決

定因素，主要還要依前面所述的點(diǎn)來判斷?！绢}講1.Afootballfan球）is_____astronginterestinaB.somethingthataD.what2.，_____wasinthe，beenrepaired.theofwhichroofitsD.3.CanlendnoveltheothertalkedtalkedityoutalkedwithD.youtalked4.matteryouaboutlastnighthasB.D.for5.Theyforandpersonstheyintheschool.B.whoD.KEY:例2.memosttheChildren'sWhichwhereD.2.Do_______?IspokeB.whospokeIspoketoD.thatIspokeishoteltheystayedatthey

theyD.4.Do______theCommunistwasthatwhenD.onisday______I'llforget.oninD.whenvisitnextweekisnotfromhere.D.inwhich7.Greatchangestakeninthe____weworkingsincethen.B.D.isofthefilms_______.thisB.beenthisD.talkedyoulendmebookotherday?aboutyoutalkedtalkedabouttalkedD.talked10.The______heiswritingismine.withwhichinwhichD.KEY:ACDCACAAAA【固習(xí)1.Didthe_______happened?---toldmeall_______knew.thatwhatwhich;whichD.that;that2.Ineverthose_______Ithewith_______hasonmywhothat;whichD.3.of_______cars

owns;isisD.4.________,heaatBrowns.B.followD.that5.IstheonlygashelpsfireD.it6.ainthe_______hesee_____house.which;B.throughD.that7.Is_______friendsweek?thisthisthisoneD.thiswhere8.gotinthe_______thatwhatD.who9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writesB.ofneitherofD.ofAllthatcan_______beingB.hashadD.haveKEY:BBACB課堂訓(xùn)練：AOneamanfoundacocoon(ofbutterflyinforest.satthereforseveralhoursandwatchedthebutterfly.Suddenlyasmallopeningappeared,andthebutterflystruggledforcebodythroughthatlittlehole.itseemedtostopmakinganyprogress.Itappearedasithadgottenasascouldgofurther.Sothedecidedtohelpthebutterfly.Hetookpairofscissorsandcutoffremainingbitofthesothatbutterflycouldcomeeasily.Muchtosurprise,thebutterflygotswollenbodybutverysmall,weakwings

whenitcameoutofcocoon.ThemancontinuedtowatchbutterflybecauseheexpectedthatthebodywouldgrowsmalleratanymomentandthewingswouldenlargeandabletosupporttheButneitherhappened!Infact,thebutterflyspenttherestofitslifecrawlingaroundwithaswollensmallwings.Itwasneverablefly.Themanwasinhiskindness,buthedidnotunderstandnaturerules.Thestrugglerequiredforbutterflytothroughthetinyopeningwaswayforcingfluid(體)thebodyofthebutterflyintoitswingssothatitwouldbereadyforflightonceachievedfreedomfromthecocoon.Sometimesstrugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlife.Godallowedustogothroughourlifewithoutanydifficulties,itfail.wouldnotbestrongwecouldbeen.Andwecouldneverfly.1．Intheparagraphbutterfly______.Aflyingintheforest.C．makingaforitself.

B．playingtheman.Dtryingtooutofthecocoon.2．Whatwouldhavehappenedtobutterflywithoutthehelp?AThebutterflywouldcomeouteasily.BThebutterflycouldcrawlonwings.CThebutterflywouldhavegotpreparedtoDThebutterflywouldneveritsfreedom.3．Whatwelearnfromthestory?A﹣heartedpeoplearealwaysaroundus.B．Strugglesarenecessaryinlifesometimes.CHelpingotherscouldmakeoneselfhappy.DWherewill,therea4．WhatisthebesttheAThestruggleforfreedom.CThejoyofhelpingabutterfly.KEY:

BAkindDAluckybutterfly.

BResearchershelpeddiscoveranewspeciesbutterflyareofferingsellthenamingrightstoraisemoneyfundmoreresearch.Co-discovererAndrewhopingtoraiseleast$50,000byauctioning(拍)offtherightstothe4-inch“owleyebutterfly,whichlivesSonora,astateborderingArizona.“ThatwouldsupportleasttwoyearsofresearchforourteaminMexico,”Warren“Moneygoesalongwayhere”Accordingtoscientifictradition,discoverersofnewspeciestheinnamingit.Inrecentyears,somediscoverershaveauctionedoffnamingrightsraisemoney.Warrensaidtheamountbeingsoughtforbutterflyisnotoutthequestion,notingthatnamingrightsforanewmonkeyspeciesbroughtin$650,000twoyearsago.Agroupof10newfishspeciesthatwentonauctionblockthesametimeearliery