中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí) 反義疑問(wèn)句知識(shí)講解

反疑句反疑問(wèn)句TheDisjunctive或Questiontags)即加疑問(wèn)句它表提問(wèn)人的看法沒(méi)有把，需要對(duì)方證。反疑問(wèn)句由兩部組成：前一部是一個(gè)陳述句后一部分是一簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句兩部的人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)持一致。主形式：陳述部肯定疑問(wèn)部分否定；陳部分否定+疑問(wèn)部分定式陳部分和疑問(wèn)部要么前肯后否要么前否后肯這類(lèi)反義疑問(wèn)有時(shí)帶有感情彩，表示驚奇憤怒，諷，不服氣等。如：Youcallthisaday'swork，don'tyou？你說(shuō)就叫一天的活，不是嗎？1什是反義疑問(wèn)句

4速記方法

7其信息目

2反疑問(wèn)句的答案3句結(jié)構(gòu)

5主語(yǔ)一般詞語(yǔ)6重點(diǎn)歸納什么反義疑問(wèn)1.語(yǔ)中，反義疑句是由陳述句附在其后的附疑問(wèn)句組成。中附加疑問(wèn)句對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)事實(shí)或點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)，證實(shí)作用，一用于證實(shí)說(shuō)話所說(shuō)的事實(shí)或點(diǎn)。翻譯為“嗎句子構(gòu)1．述部肯定疑問(wèn)部分否定（可記為前肯否）.例Theyworkhard,don’tthey?Let'sgotosupermarket,shallwe?2．述部否定疑問(wèn)部分肯定（可記為前否肯）.例Youdidn'tgo,didyou?句子型一是反義的附加問(wèn)句；一種是反義的附加疑句。簡(jiǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)，就是“肯后否”或“否后肯”。反疑問(wèn)句的答案1.肯后否：回答，如果情況屬，用Y加上反問(wèn)句的裝肯定句；如情況不屬實(shí)，用加上反問(wèn)的倒裝否定句例Youweremovedbyyourstudents,weren’t反疑問(wèn)句you?情屬實(shí)Yes,Iwas.情況屬No,wasn't2.否后肯：：回時(shí)，如果情況實(shí)，用No加反問(wèn)句倒裝否定句。如果情況不屬，則用Yes加反問(wèn)句的倒裝定句。例YoudidnotgocampinglastSunday,didyou?情屬實(shí)No,Ididn't.情況不屬Yes,Idid.句結(jié)構(gòu)1．述部肯定疑問(wèn)部分否定可記為前肯后.Theyworkhard,don’tthey?2．述部否定疑問(wèn)部分肯定可記為前否后.Youdidn'tgo,didyou?句類(lèi)型：一種是義的附加疑問(wèn)，一種是非反的附加疑問(wèn)句簡(jiǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)，就是“肯后否”或“否后肯”。編本段讀法規(guī)則反疑問(wèn)句陳述部用降調(diào)，問(wèn)句分可升可降。問(wèn)者對(duì)陳述部把握較大時(shí)，句部分用降調(diào)反之用調(diào)。速方法前后否，前否后，前be后be，無(wú)be后助do,have),時(shí)態(tài)致。主一般詞語(yǔ)附疑問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)和主句一致的語(yǔ)，用主格。加疑問(wèn)句隨從。不代詞當(dāng)述部分的主語(yǔ)用one時(shí)，后面的問(wèn)句可用one/he.用noone時(shí)，后面加疑句中主語(yǔ)用theyeverything,anything,nothing,something時(shí)，加問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)用it不theythis,that,those,時(shí)，加疑問(wèn)句中主用it或they.everyone，someone，somebodyanyone，等附加疑問(wèn)中主語(yǔ)一般用（書(shū)面/they口頭語(yǔ).不式，動(dòng)名詞，他短語(yǔ)，附加問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)一用it。在therebe型中，附加問(wèn)句中主語(yǔ)一用be/情態(tài)動(dòng)/助動(dòng)詞+there。特句型編輯本段定意義的詞(1)陳述分有，seldom,，，little，barely,scarcely,，none,rarely，no,not,noone,nobody,等否定意義的匯時(shí)，后面的意疑問(wèn)句則為定形式：TherefewapplesintheareHehardlyswim,canhe?Theyseldomcomelate,dothey?(2)陳述分的主語(yǔ)為everyone,someone,anyone,no等示人的不定詞時(shí)部分主語(yǔ)they或heEveryoneinyourisateacher,aren’tthey\isn't？（）當(dāng)陳部分的主語(yǔ)為everything,something,anything.nothing等表物的不代詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)分的主用it：Somethingiswrongwithyourwatch,isn’tit?(4)當(dāng)陳述分含有否定意的詞是等含有定詞綴的派生，也就是有un,dis,no-綴、less-后等含有詞綴而思否定的詞，做肯定句處理疑問(wèn)部分要用定形式。如：Helooksunhappy,doesn’the?他上去不高興不是嗎？Thegirldislikeshistory,doesnshe?這孩不喜歡史，是嗎？有l(wèi)ess,fewer等詞視肯定詞疑問(wèn)部分用否形式。如Therewillbelesspollution,won'tthere?表主語(yǔ)的詞含think,suppose,imagine,expect動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)句構(gòu)成的主從合句在構(gòu)成反疑問(wèn)句視情不同有兩種不的構(gòu)成方式。（即當(dāng)句是Ithinkbelievesupposeimagineexpect時(shí)反問(wèn)從句，其句式均反問(wèn)主。）(1)主句主語(yǔ)為第一人時(shí)，其后的簡(jiǎn)問(wèn)句應(yīng)與從句一致。例如：IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won'tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedthehaven'tyou?值注意的是，當(dāng)些動(dòng)詞后接的語(yǔ)從句的否定移到主句時(shí)，仍屬否定句，其后的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)應(yīng)用肯式，而非否定。例如：Idon'tbelievethathecantranslatethisbook,canhe?2Wedon'timaginethetwinsarrived,havethey?此句子的回答同"否后"型反疑問(wèn)句一樣，上述后一個(gè)句，若雙胞胎已到了，則回答theyhave."若尚未到達(dá)使用"theyhaven't."。(2)主句主語(yǔ)為第二、人稱(chēng)時(shí)，其后簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句則應(yīng)主句相一致（時(shí)，否定只看句，與從句無(wú)關(guān)。例如：Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,you?Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,dothey?Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,she?(3)如果句的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)時(shí)等等，疑問(wèn)應(yīng)和主句的人時(shí)態(tài)保持一致better或have陳部分有hadbetter,或中的had表完成時(shí)態(tài)，疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)用hadn等開(kāi)頭：Youbettergetupearly,hadn’tyou?其情況句中有have疑句應(yīng)用don't等頭如have表示有”的時(shí)候有兩種形式：have表示有可do或have來(lái)改寫(xiě)）-Hehastwosisters,doesn=Hehastwosisters,hasnhe?-Hedoesn'thavesisters,doeshe?祈句當(dāng)述部分是祈使時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句要據(jù)語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá)分三種情況：1）般情下用willyou或won't。Givemeahand,willyou?Leavethethingsastheyare,won’tyou?2)Let's聽(tīng)者包括在內(nèi)開(kāi)頭的祈使句前肯后可肯可，疑問(wèn)句必須shallweshall只用第一人;只以Let（聽(tīng)話人不被括在“us”面）或Letme開(kāi)的祈使句，句才用will。Letusknowtheofyourarrival,you?Let'sagain,shallwe?Letmehelpyou,you?Lethavealookonyourshallwe？3)陳述句是否定祈使句時(shí)，問(wèn)可用willyou或canyou。e.g.’tmakemuchnoise,will/canyou?Therebe句Therebe型中，反義疑部分必須為be動(dòng)詞+thereThereapplesinbasket,there?Thereisn'tanymilkleft,isthere?Must.當(dāng)述部有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must問(wèn)句有4種情：（）mustn't表“禁止，可，不必”時(shí)附加問(wèn)句通常用must.Youmustn'tstopyourcarhere,你能把車(chē)停在這方，知道嗎？（）must表示“有必要”，附加問(wèn)句通要用needn't.Theymustfinishtheworktoday,needn’tthey?他今天要完成這工作，是嗎？（）must來(lái)示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情進(jìn)行測(cè)時(shí)，問(wèn)句通要根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)采用相應(yīng)的形。HemustbegoodatEnglish,isn’t他英一定學(xué)很好，是嗎？ShemustbegoodEnglishteacher,isn’tshe?她一是位秀的英語(yǔ)老師是嗎？3（）done表對(duì)過(guò)去的情況行推測(cè)（一般中有明確的過(guò)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），句要根據(jù)陳述分謂語(yǔ)的情況“didn't+主”或“wasn't/weren't+主”如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成（一般沒(méi)明確的過(guò)去間狀語(yǔ)），問(wèn)要用“haven't/hasn't+語(yǔ)”。Shemusthavereadthenovellastweek,didn’tshe?她星期一定讀了本小說(shuō)，不是？Youmusthavetoldherabouthavenyou?你定把這事告訴了，不是嗎？值一提是：著名周中授《英語(yǔ)附加疑句的一個(gè)問(wèn)題一文中指出：述部分m不管是用表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的況進(jìn)行推測(cè)還用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)的情況進(jìn)行推加句都可以mustn't該舉了若干個(gè)例，從而改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)這一用的看法?；胤匆蓡?wèn)句回答：前肯后，前否后肯，據(jù)事實(shí)從后往翻譯。如：（）Theyhard,don’tthey?他們努工作不是嗎？Yes,they對(duì)他工努力。/No,they不，他工作努力（）Theydon’tworhard,dothey?他不太努力工，是嗎？Yes,theydo.不他們工作努力/No,theydon't.是，他工作不努力否反義疑問(wèn)句的答當(dāng)述部分為肯定，反義疑問(wèn)句否定式時(shí)，其答一般不會(huì)造困難，一般只照情況回答即："Itnew,isn’tit?""Yes,itis."是新，不是嗎？”是，是新的。"Hewantstogo,doesn’the?""No,hedoesn’t."“想去，不是嗎”“不，他不去?！贝耍?Yes"即是，前面It'snew."的肯?；胤戳x疑問(wèn)句的則回反意疑問(wèn)句通應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情來(lái)確定人你Youareasleep,you?你回答No,I’mnot.因?yàn)槿荒隳芑卮穑氵€沒(méi)有asleep。如果別問(wèn)你Youaren’tareyou?(還沒(méi)有睡著嗎也只能回答No,I’mnot.(是沒(méi)睡著不回答為Yes,I’mnot.也不能回成Yes,I“Itisabeautifulflower，isn'tit？“Itisn'tabeautifulflowerisit？上兩句句子的回肯定均為“itis."定“No，isn't."由述例子可知，義疑問(wèn)句回答句子本身所包的中文肯定與的含義并無(wú)太關(guān)聯(lián)，只需注事實(shí)，肯即用，否定用no，需考句子原本是前后肯或是前肯否。建在答題時(shí)，先照實(shí)際寫(xiě)后面答句，再根據(jù)后一致原則寫(xiě)Yes或。口反疑問(wèn)并不難，述疑問(wèn)句中含前肯否恰相反，定詞綴不能算主時(shí)態(tài)要一致，殊情況記心田實(shí)情況來(lái)回答，把yes和no揀綜所述，反義疑句回答就是按際情況回答。對(duì)意疑問(wèn)句的回，無(wú)論問(wèn)題的法如何，如果實(shí)是肯定的，用yes事實(shí)是否定的就要用no。要?jiǎng)e注意陳述句分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)反意疑問(wèn)句部用肯定式提問(wèn)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)好相反。這種略答的要譯“不”，no要譯“是”。例—Helikesplayingfootball,doesn’t他喜歡足球不是嗎？—Yes,hdoes.hedoesn是/不是—Hissisterdidn’tattendthemeeting,didshe?他妹沒(méi)有參加會(huì)，是嗎？—Yes,did./No,shedidn’t.不她參加了/是，她沒(méi)參加簡(jiǎn)總結(jié)反意疑問(wèn)19條1)陳部的主語(yǔ)是，疑問(wèn)部分用I.I'mastallasyoursister，I?2)陳部的謂語(yǔ)是，疑問(wèn)部要用may+主。4IwishtohaveawordwithmayI?3)陳部用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,等定含義的時(shí)，疑部分用肯定含。TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?Someplantsneverblown開(kāi)花,dothey?4)含oughtto的反意疑句，陳述部分肯定的，疑問(wèn)分用shouldn't/oughtn't主。Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn't/shouldn'the?5)陳部有haveto+v.(hadto，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't主語(yǔ)didn't+語(yǔ)）。Wehavetogetthereeighttomorrow,don'twe?6)陳部的謂語(yǔ)是usedto時(shí)，問(wèn)部分用didn't主或usedn't主語(yǔ)。Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?7)陳部有hadbetter+v.疑句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?8)陳部有wouldrather+v.，問(wèn)部分多用wouldn't主語(yǔ)。Hewouldittentimesthanit,wouldn'the?9)陳部有You'dliketo+v.疑問(wèn)部用wouldn't主語(yǔ)。You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?10)陳述部分有must的疑句，疑問(wèn)部分據(jù)實(shí)際情況而。Hemustbedoctor,isn'the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?/didn'tHemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?11)感嘆句中，疑部分用用否定助動(dòng)詞加sb/sth？：1）Whatafinedayitistoday！Whatfinedayitistoday，isn’tit2）fasthe！Howfasthe，doesn’the？3）Whatalongtimewehavebeenwaiting！Whatlongtimewehavewaiting，haven“twe[1]陳部分由neit…nor,either…or連的并列主語(yǔ)，疑問(wèn)部分根其實(shí)際邏輯意而定。NeithernorIamengineer,arewe?陳部分主語(yǔ)是指代詞或不定代everything,that,nothing,this,疑問(wèn)部分語(yǔ)用it。Everythingisisn'tit?陳部分主語(yǔ)從或并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分有三情況：a.并復(fù)句疑問(wèn)部分，語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰從句的謂語(yǔ)而。Mr.Smithhadbeentoforseveraltimes,shouldhavebeeninChinashouldn'the?b.帶定從句，賓語(yǔ)從的主從復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)定：Heisnotthegaveusatalk,isHesaidhewantedtovisitdidn'the?c.上部主句謂語(yǔ)是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引的定語(yǔ)從句，問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成意疑問(wèn)句。Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?Webelieveshecandoitcan'tshe?15)陳述部分主語(yǔ)不定代詞anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等疑部分用復(fù)數(shù)they，有也用單數(shù)he。Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?(doeshe?)Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)16)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)分常用need(dare)主語(yǔ)。5Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?Hedarenotso,dareyou?當(dāng)dare,need為實(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)分用助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Shedoesn'tdaregohomealone,she?17)省去主語(yǔ)的祈句的反意疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)部分用willyouDon'tdothatyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?注：Let's開(kāi)頭的祈使，后用shallwe?Letus開(kāi)的祈使句，后Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?18)陳述部分"therebe"結(jié)的疑問(wèn)部分用there省主語(yǔ)代。Thereissomethingwrongwithyourisn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?19)否定前綴不能為否定詞，其意疑問(wèn)句仍用定形式。Itisimpossible,isn'tit?Heisnotunkindtoclassmates,ishe?有動(dòng)詞如：hitput，它們的過(guò)去與原型相同，肯定句中一定先弄清楚它們什么時(shí)：20Theskirtmadeofsilkcostyoualotofmoney，）A.didn'titB.didn'tyouC.doesn'titD.don'tyou句主語(yǔ)是theskirt，除D，主語(yǔ)是單，可斷定是過(guò)去時(shí)，所選A。點(diǎn)納快記憶表陳部分的謂語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)部I/語(yǔ)aren't/amIno,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,等定含義的詞肯含義含un-,in-.di