外研社一起小學(xué)四年級(jí)上語(yǔ)法總結(jié)及練習(xí)題

外研社四年級(jí)上語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)用來(lái)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)以及過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday昨天、lastnight昨晚、lastweek上周、lastyear去年，等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：1.yesterday，morning(afternoon,evening)等由“l(fā)ast+一時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等由“時(shí)間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等其它：justnow等Was，were的一般過(guò)去時(shí)Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：1．a(chǎn)m和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasn’t）2．a(chǎn)re在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren’t）3．帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和am,is,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首構(gòu)成：肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+其它.否定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+not+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(was,were)+主語(yǔ)+其它？肯定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+not.含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（行為動(dòng)詞）的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的主結(jié)構(gòu)：構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+did+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。didnot縮寫(xiě)為didn’t一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?※動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化小學(xué)常用不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式選擇()1．Myfather＿＿＿＿＿＿illyesterday．A．isn'tB．a(chǎn)ren'tC．wasn'tD．weren't()2．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourparentsathomelastweek﹖A．IsB．WasC．AreD．Were()3．Thetwins＿＿＿＿＿＿inDalianlastyear．They＿＿＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)erenow．A．a(chǎn)re;wereB．were;areC．was;areD．were;was()4．＿＿＿＿＿＿yourfatheratworktheday＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖A．Was;beforeB．Is;beforeC．Was;afterD．Is;after()5．—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖—＿＿＿＿＿＿．A．IamB．IwasC．Yes,IwasD．No,Iwasn't用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．A：________youathomeyesterday?B：Yes，I________．2．A：________itsunnyinLondonnow?B：Yes，it________．3．A：________youattheparknow?B：Yes，we________．4．A：________yourmotheroutyesterday?B：Yes，she________．5．A：________theyatschoolyesterday?B：Yes，they________．6．A：________hestrongthen?B：Yes，he________．7．A：Where________henow?B：He________atschool.8．A：Shenzhenwasn'tbig________．B：Itisabigcity________請(qǐng)選擇正確的詞，把下列句子補(bǔ)充完整。I_____________（ask/asked/isasking）himaquestionyesterday.Tom_____________（read/isreading/reads）Englishnow.Didyou______________（water/watered/waters）flowerslastweek?Let’s_____________（get/got/getting）ontheNo.1bus.Weoften___________（watch/watches/watched）TVathome.Judydidn’t____________（went/go/going）toschoolyesterday.Hisdad______________（works/worked/isworking）hardeveryday.There____________（were/are/was）sometreesnearhousestwoyearsago.Mycousin____________（studies/studied/study）inamiddleschoolinGuangzhou.Mr.White_____________（came/comes/iscoming）Chinalastyear.11.Sheisgoingto___________（have/had/has）abigpartythisSunday.Wheredidyou____________（meet/met/meeting）MissWhite.Theywantedto___________（go/went/going）toBeijinglastweek.Look,Tom____________（watches/watched/iswatching）TVintheliving-room。What___________（did/does/is）thegirldothismorning?祈使句表達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)對(duì)方的叮囑、勸告、請(qǐng)求或命令等,往往有表示請(qǐng)求、命令、希望、禁止、勸告等意思.祈使句一般沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),實(shí)際上是省略了主語(yǔ)“You”.句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào),用降調(diào)朗讀.肯定結(jié)構(gòu)都以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭.例如：Catchtheball!接球!（句子的意思是讓“你”接球）祈使句的肯定句式有三種形式,即1)Do型（以行為動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭）,例如：Sitdown坐下!Standup起立!2)Be型（以be開(kāi)頭）,例如：Bequiet！安靜!3)Let型（以let開(kāi)頭）,例如：Letmehelpyou.祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是以“Don’t＋動(dòng)詞原形”開(kāi)頭.例如：Don’tgothere,please．請(qǐng)別去那兒.Don’tbelate．不要遲到用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。__________(not,be)late.____________(dust)thedressingtable.____________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.____________(not,talk)and____________(read)abook.____________(not,drop)thenicevase,Sam.____________(look)out!Acariscoming.____________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.____________(not,let)thebabycry.Openthewindowand____________(shut)thedoor.Let’s____________(sweep)thefloor.根據(jù)要求改寫(xiě)句子Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?（改為祈使句）____________________againmoreslowly,please.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改為否定句）___________