人教版高中英語必修三 unit4 grammar表語從句

表語從句詳一概表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的詞性從句在系動(dòng)詞之后結(jié)構(gòu)是主語動(dòng)詞+表句以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,可以接表語從句的系動(dòng)詞有：（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)feel,,appeartastestand,lieremainstaybecome,,run,fallprove,outThetroubleisweareThatiswhystonewallsinsteadoffencesNew欄的原.Atitasifcouldn'tthinkofthe引表從的：從屬連詞、as、as導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省關(guān)系代詞who,what,which,whatever,whomever,關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,however,whenever,由從屬連詞引的語句.在表語從句時(shí)無詞義，有義意、時(shí)句的主語常常是些抽象名詞如q問麻問題果可建想法理由從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，使主的內(nèi)容具體如Thetroubleis(that)shehasThequestioniswhetherweTheproblemwasthatitwastooforWhatshe’tunderstandwasthatfewerandstudents生對(duì)他的課不感興.由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從.關(guān)系代詞who,what,which,whatever,whomever,語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能?。簈uestioniswhichofusTheproblemwaswhocoulddoThat'sheisworryingwhatwe由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從.關(guān)系副詞when,where,句起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式或原狀語，本身具有詞義：Goandgetcoat.放的地.Ihadanor既傘也沒雨衣，這是我淋濕的原.ThatishowstoresofThatisheis由連詞，asthough等導(dǎo)的表語從.Itasifitgoingsnow.起來好像要下雪.neverof這因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^此Itasifhedidn注表語從句一定要用陳述語序Thewhencanhearrivehotel.Right:Thewhen不可以用if而用連表從句(asif例外引賓語從句時(shí)可以互換if/whether位于介詞后要用位于句首時(shí)要用whether.引導(dǎo)表語從句，主語從句，同位語從時(shí)要用whether.Theifthemarchingus.iswhethertheenemytowardsus.Itifhadunderstoodthisquestion.C.不像賓語從句，在有表語從句復(fù)合句中，主句時(shí)態(tài)和從句時(shí)態(tài)可以不一iswilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.iswhycriedyesterday.在表語從句中不可以省基本用法表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是聯(lián)系動(dòng).名詞性從句在be等動(dòng)詞后作表語時(shí)被稱為表語從句例如：problemishowcanget問題是我們?cè)鯓幽芘轿覀冃枰臇|.(how在語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀)ThearewhatIneed.這把剪刀不是我所需要.在表語從句中充當(dāng)賓)WhatItoldwasthatIfinda我訴他的是我會(huì)給他找好劇.在語從句中作直接賓,作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成，不能省)ThatisItellyou.那就是我想要對(duì)你講(what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語)Thatiswhypassexam.那是她考試不及格的原.(why在語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀)WhatItoldwasthatIfinda我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇.(what主語從句中作直接賓作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成,不省)ThatisItellyou.那就是我想要對(duì)你講(what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語)Thatiswhypassexam.那是她考試不及格的原.(why在語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀)注Thatiswhy...常用句型,意這就是?的原因/此?,其why引的名詞性從句在句中作表該型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說明過的原因進(jìn)行總又：Thatiswhyoldwomanbeforeknow,珍這就是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)老太婆出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因.(前提到Jeanne老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫說人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進(jìn)行概).ThatiswhyIcame.這是來的原因.下面是兩個(gè)與why...式相似的結(jié),它與iswhy...結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚：(1)Thatwhy...與isthe同義,只過從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上,Thatis中why引的是—個(gè)定語從句將中的thereason掉則與That結(jié)一樣例：Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.這就是我不能同意的理(2)That型中從屬連詞because引的名詞性從句在此作表語,這也是個(gè)常用句型,意這是為什么??/因?yàn)?.Thatis與Thatiswhy...間的不同在于Thatbecause...原因或理,則指由于各種原因所造成的后果,例：Henotseethefilmhehadlittlesisterwithher昨晚他沒有去看電影,那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎?第一句話說明結(jié),第二句話說明原Hehadseenfilmwhydidnotseeit他以前曾看過那部電影因他昨天晚上沒有去看第一句話說明原因,第句話說明結(jié))表從與語句關(guān)賓語從句和表語從句都屬于名詞性從句其作用跟名詞在句中的作用相同.充當(dāng)賓語的句子叫賓語從句，充當(dāng)表語的句子叫表語從句.賓語從句(1)對(duì)于賓語從句要掌握以下三點(diǎn)語序從的語序必須是陳述句語即主語+謂這種形式時(shí)態(tài):當(dāng)句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài),而當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的候,從句時(shí)態(tài)必須是過去時(shí)范圍的時(shí),即(般過去時(shí)去進(jìn)行過去完成時(shí)去將來)連接詞當(dāng)句意思完整句意思肯定時(shí)連接詞用that,且以省去當(dāng)從句意思完整,主句意思不確定或含否定含意時(shí)常用if或是),當(dāng)句意思不完連詞則是代替不完部分的特殊疑問表語從句在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句于主句系動(dòng)詞的后表從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相也是名詞性從句的一種.如：thepolicewanttoknowiswhenthe警察想知道的是什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的房.Thetroubleisthatareshortoffunds困難是我們?nèi)狈hiswhatshoulddo這我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做.注意：從句中的疑問句用正常語序，即陳述語.asif,as可用來引導(dǎo)表語從seemsasifhadgreat她看起來好像做了一件大Ityoueat是為你吃得太多.單選is________willsportsthatifC.when．reasonhefailed________hetooB.forof3.andgetcoat.Its________youitA.whereB.therewherewhere．problemis_________totakeplacecanweB.whatcangetC.whocangetcangetWhatIknowlikesthegivenbythatifD.不填Thereasonis_________IthethatB.whenC.whywhatThatislatelastthatwhywhatlooked_________weretenyearsthatlikeC.asD.as—Isick!--Ithinkitmuch.whyC.whatThereasonwhyhasn’tcome___________.A.becausehisisB.becauseofhis’sbeingillC.hisillformotherisill11.Hebornlikestheplacesomuch.thatwhatC.why12.ThatLuA.whatB.whereC.thatwhy．_______yourwantstowithyourWhat;howare；howareC.；thatyouD.；you14.wearetools.whatC.howwhy15.AmericawasfirstIndiabyB.whereC.placeD.therewhere16.becomingstrongerItnolonger_________.ittobeB.whatitusedtowhatitusedbeingwhatitwas17.really________hewithus.A.…thatB.That…whatC.…whatD.what18.________makesthecellsdotheirwork.thatwhichwhatD.suchIdroveZhuhaiforairshowweek.Ishada？whyBC.when.Ianor____IgotA.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.’show21.thetopofThatA.B.whichwhereD.22.Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---that_____.B.IaboutC.howIfeelitD.whenI23.Whatmenotbuthesaidit.wayinwaythatinwayD.thewaywhich句翻這就是我想做的這房子正是他最需要的東.這就是Henry怎解問題的________________________________________________________________________問題是能完成這項(xiàng)困難的任務(wù)今天討的話題是未來的學(xué)校會(huì)是怎樣的他遲到原因是交通擁._____________________________________________________________________________事實(shí)是對(duì)我撒謊.__________________________________________________________________________________Youaresayingthatbethisis(disagree)你一直說每個(gè)人應(yīng)該是平等的這是我不同意之.Your.(where)你的外套仍在你放的地.IhadneitheranThatisthrough.(get)我既沒有雨衣也有雨傘這是為什我全身被淋濕的原.Itthedoor.(asif)起來好像某人正在敲.Itseems______________________________interestedHenry.好像倫敦所有人都變得對(duì)亨瑞感興趣.13.ThetimewegreatfunwasPark.(visit)上一次我們玩得很開心的時(shí)候是我們正在參觀水族公園的時(shí).的別．_______yourwantstoknowgettingwithWhat;howareB.ThathowyouareC.How；youWhatyouThetroubleareshortoftools.A.whatB.thatC.howwhyAmerica__________wasfirstcalledIndiabyA.B.thetherewhereChinaisbecomingstrongerstronger.Itnolonger_________ittobewhatitusedtoC.whatitbeingwhatitusedto________hereallyis________hewithus.What…thatB.…C.What…whatD.…________makesthecellsA.thatB.whichwhatD.such系詞類一、根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞后所跟結(jié)構(gòu)，我可以把英語系動(dòng)詞分為兩大類：完全系動(dòng)詞（其后只能跟表語動(dòng)詞，如e,和半動(dòng)詞（后既可跟表語作系詞用法，可跟賓或狀語作義動(dòng)詞，）例：1）HelookedsadlyatHelooksa2）Helooksata在英語中，某一動(dòng)詞是多義詞，有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法，又有系動(dòng)詞用.二、根據(jù)系動(dòng)詞的意義，我們把語系動(dòng)詞分為四類：A．五大感官系動(dòng)詞態(tài)系詞C．態(tài)動(dòng)語詞．五大感官系動(dòng)詞，描一種感官性.由實(shí)義感官動(dòng)詞變化而來，都是系動(dòng).1．look起來像是，后接詞、介詞短語、不定式Thebitherandlooked起來，后接詞flowers聽起來，后接Thesounds嘗，后接.Theapples．Feel①來，給……感覺；覺得，后接adj./p.p.YoubetterB狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：，屬完全系動(dòng).Iama似，好像，完全系動(dòng)顯，看起來好像，半動(dòng)Itappeared(tobe)a持……的狀態(tài)，半系詞，后接詞短.gotobedand暖和一.仍半系動(dòng)remained保某種狀態(tài)動(dòng)后接過分.Thewindowstayedopenallthenight.證明是，半系動(dòng)詞，后ThetreatmenttobeC動(dòng)態(tài)系動(dòng)詞：都屬于半系動(dòng)，描述狀態(tài)變化過1．get，變得……起來，后接形容詞、分詞、介詞短Thearelongerand2進(jìn)（某種狀態(tài)，接以下形容詞：asleep,lame,silent,ill,sick,flat.Theoldmen,toexpressMyfatherfellill起來，長(zhǎng)得天氣漸漸暖起來.4轉(zhuǎn)成（新的與原來完不同的色彩或性質(zhì).MapleturnredinItwasmorning,butfortunatelyit5．go，成（某種壞的狀態(tài)）ThetelephonehasgoneThematerialhasgonefunny常有bad,blind,wrong,hard,hungry,mad,anger,成，成為（好壞均的情況）IbecameinterestedinHeTheybecamegood好.變成為（已知的狀態(tài)，后常接形容詞或前綴過去分詞作表語，表示狀態(tài)情況的變.HistobecomeIfyoulookintomatter,everythingwill后面常接的形容詞還有apart,open,8變，后接adj.Theran9，到狀接容如sure,certain,merry,bold,WecertainofD．謂系動(dòng)詞此系動(dòng)詞既有系動(dòng)詞的功能，后接表語，又保留原實(shí)義動(dòng)詞本身的含.例如：runrose太陽升起紅艷.andquitestill.停下來然后一絲不動(dòng)地站laythick雪厚地堆積在地Hemarried他婚很早.雷早continued他繼續(xù)沉默不系動(dòng)詞單項(xiàng)選擇題Thesounds_________________(METB.trueC.truetruetaste__________(METgoodB.wellC.goodtobewellfeeling________?A.wellanybetterC.quitegoodD.better④----CanIjoinDad.canyou_________abitolder.(NMET94)B.willgetD.willgotyoulikeitsoft.(NMET94)isB.feltisIgoIt_____lieinswimincool96)C.getsCleaningwomenbigcitiesusually_______bythehour.(NMETB.payingC.Whydonttheinfridge?Itwillforseveral）beB.stayC.beD.havestayed系動(dòng)詞鞏固練習(xí)①Whatyousaid_______.AsoundedinterestingB．D．listensTheclassPleasekeep________.．Bsil