2018年高考英語全國1卷及答案

20182018年高考英語全國1卷及答案2/32/32/32/320182018年高考英語全國1卷及答案1/31/31/31/3A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Tohaveamealtogether.C.Itsquality.C.It’sequatelyequipped.C.Makepayment.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atarestaurant.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Tohaveamealtogether.C.Itsquality.C.It’sequatelyequipped.C.Makepayment.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.C.He’sgrateful.BGoodMorningBritain’SusannaReidisusedtomorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestroledeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritputalotofwhatshe ’slearntintopracticeinherFinn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmtakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipayo26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandbutsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecaTheeight-partseries（系列節(jié)目）,SaveMoney:GoITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersvastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,Sdifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight ’sEasteofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtrancelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.SheHowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. DWhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefCLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthoushasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentgatherers,small,tightlyknit（聯(lián)系）groupsdeveindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbeworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhSoonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsetlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumbeindustrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunichavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominaandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshavemanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforw數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalffewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languageonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,Busuuspeakers）,ChiapanecoinMexico（150）,LipanApacheiWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion-mark）:noneosurvival.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherA.Theydevelopedveryfast.絕密★啟用前2018年一般高等學校招生全國一致考試英語（I卷）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下邊5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間往返答相關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C,￡9.15.答案是C。WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She’sgenerous.B.She’scuriousC.She’shelpful.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30. B.At8:30. C.At10:30.Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bybike.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.TeacherandstudentC.Doctorandpatient.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下邊5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題 5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段資料，回答第6、7題。Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch. B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology. B.Education. C.Chemistry.聽第7段資料，回答第8、9題。Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager. B.Atourguide. C.Ataxidriver.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.聽第8段資料，回答第10至12題。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert. B.Visitafriend.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike. B.Joan.聽第9段資料，回答第13至16題。Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor. B.Itsdesign.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It’sagoodsize. B.It’snewlypainted.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown. B.Talkwithherfriend.聽第10段資料，回答第17至20題。Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.BAterhecametoAmericaHowdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He’sproud. B.He’ssympathetic.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2分，滿分30分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability -andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路線）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours（7miles）JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns. D.Theywerecloselyconnected.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex. B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400.C.About2,400. D.About1,200.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Newlanguageswillbecreated. B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（ 裝置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That 'sbadnewsforthe-aedvironmentourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’throwoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids ’room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitts'team,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat’thessolution（解決方案）?Theteam’datasonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly. B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome. D.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt’steamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals. B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem. B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem. D.Recyclethem.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為剩余選項。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyoulovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthatfull ’ofslife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday? 36 ,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthattherere’reallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38 .They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40 .WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou’relookingforIfyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe ’remostfamiliarwithIt’notsreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下邊短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出能夠填入空白處的最正確選項。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“freecourse,”calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn 42’twantfewtodollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnches.And,evenifIweren ’43tenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame 46’s.Icouldhardly waitto47him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit 49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto 50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto 51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat 53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe 54.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I ’mstillputtingtousewhat55heme:“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57 .Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto 58asituation,processwhatyour41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excited41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised56.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skillBest,LiHuaA.grades B. decisionsA.analyze B. describeA.announce B. signalA.role B. desire’ll第二節(jié)（共10小題；每題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下邊短文，在空白處填入1個適合的單詞或Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljou（long）thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfamaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriWhilerunningregularlycan’maketyoulivefomoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife 65walking,cyofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014adayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandeThebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Brunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaceyourlegmuscles（肌肉）,avoidhillsandgetgoodrunniit’salways69（energy）.If