高中英語Unit1Greatscientists單元加餐練一二含解析新人教版必修5

加練()

完閱組練Ⅰ.完形填空In1896,17yearoldEinsteinwenttoZurichtostudyTherehemetMarits,agirlfromHungary.Theystudiedintheclassandinterestinphysicsbroughtthetwotogetherandtheybecamegood__1__.Beforelong,they__2__inlovewitheach1903,whenEinsteinwas24,he__3__Marits,whowasfouryearsolderthanhe.__4__theirmarriage,__5__himselftoresearchofthegreattheoryrelativity).__6__herhusbandmorehelp,Maritsgave__7__herownwork,andbecameagoodwifeand__8__.triedherbesttoencouragehim__9__possible.Shewassurethather__10__succeed.Theyoftendiscussedthetheorywhileoutsideorsittingtogetherintheroom.They__12__didthatintheironeofthemwas__13__fromhome.In1914,theEinsteinsmovedtoBerlinand__14__downAttime,’theorytobecorrectandhebecame__16__alltheMaritswasvery__17__herwithhissuccess.Butitwasnotlong__18__theFirstWorldWar__19__.aswellashertwosons,whowere__20__holidayincouldn’comebacktoThewarnotonlystopped’workbutalsobrokeupthewarm,happyfamily.In1919,EinsteinandMaritshadtoget離婚．語篇解讀：本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹了愛因斯坦和妻子從相識到相愛最后分手的故事。1．A.pairsBcouplesC．friendsDclassmates解析選C由空前句意“……對于物理方面同樣的興趣使得他們兩個人走到一起”以及下文“不久，他們相愛了”可知，他們成為了好朋友。2．A.gotB．fellC．becameD．turned解析：選Bfalllovesb.意思是“愛上某人”，其他三個動詞不與inlovewith連。3．A.marryingC．married

B．marriesD．marriedwith解析：選C表“和某人結(jié)婚”，應(yīng)用marrysb.，marry后不加介詞with，排除D項；由空前的時間狀語從句可知，此處應(yīng)是主句的謂語動詞A項。又因本文的時態(tài)是過去時，排除B項故選C。4．A.SinceBFor1

C．WithDAfter解析：選Daftertheirmarriage意為“他們結(jié)婚以后”。5．A.gaveB．offeredC．forcedD．devoted解析：選Ddevoteoneselfsth.的意思是“投身于某事”give,offer和force都不與oneselfsth.搭配。6．A.GivingC．Given

B．ToD．Togiven解析：選B由文可知，為了給丈夫更多的幫助，瑪麗茲做出了下面的決定。此處為動詞不定式作目的狀語且只需要用動詞不定式的一般式。7．A.offC．up

B．outD．in解析選C為給丈夫提供更多的幫助麗茲“放棄”了自己的工作up“棄”，符合句意。giveoff“光和熱等)”；giveout發(fā)出；分發(fā)”；givein“屈服”。8．A.cookB．motherC．friendD．a(chǎn)ssistant解析：選由下文可知此處指瑪麗茲是愛因斯坦的妻子和助(，他幾個選項不符合要求。9．A.whateverC．however

B．wheneverD．wherever解析：選B句：不管什么時候只要有可能，瑪麗茲都盡力去鼓勵他。10．A.mustBmightC．should解析：選D

D．would瑪麗茲相信自己的丈夫?qū)怼皶?would)成功，不“必須(must)”“可能(might)”或“(should)”成功。11．A.walkedC．went

B．walkingD．coming解析：選B當句主語與主句主語一致，且從句謂語部分含有be動詞，從句中的主語和be動詞一起省略。本句省略theywere因此選擇walking。12．A.evenBneverC．seldomD．sometime解析：選A由文可知他們總是一起討論問題，此處用even表程度進一步加深，即“他們甚至在信中也討論問題”。2

13．A.beyondC．

B．offD．a(chǎn)way解析選D由上文inletters)知此處是在說他們其中的一個不在家的時候。詞組home意是不在家”。14．A.putBsettledC．lived

D．sat解析：選Bsettledown意“定居”。而putdown意為“放下”，sitdown意為“坐下”，均與句意不符，排除A、兩；一般不與down連。15．A.seemedC．proved

B．a(chǎn)ppearedD．looked解析選Cseem意“像”appear意為好像；出現(xiàn)”prove意“后來被發(fā)現(xiàn)是；最終顯現(xiàn)為”look意為“看；看起來”。根據(jù)短文的意思可知，愛因斯坦的理論最終證明是正確的。16．A.happyB．pleasedC．satisfied

D．famous解析：選happy意“幸福；快樂的”pleased意為高興的”；satisfied意為“滿意的”famous意“著名的”。此處指愛因斯坦在當時享譽全世界。17．A.proudofBpraisedforC．pleasedwithD．worriedabout解析：選Abeproudof意“……而驕傲或自豪”bepraisedfor意為為……受到稱贊”bepleasedwith意“對……感到滿意”beworriedabout意為“對……擔憂”。由上下文來看，瑪麗茲是為丈夫的成功感到自豪。18．A.whenBbeforeC．since

D．a(chǎn)s解析：選B句Itisnotbefore...為“不久就……”。19．A.appearedBtookplaceC．occurred．brokeout解析：選Dappear意“出現(xiàn)take意為“發(fā)生”，用來指有計劃地發(fā)生；occur意為出現(xiàn)”breakout為“發(fā)生；爆發(fā)”，多用來指戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等。此處指第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，因此選擇D項。20．A.inC．on

B．a(chǎn)tD．for解析：選Cbeonholiday意“在度假”，表示度假的狀態(tài)。Ⅱ.閱讀理解3

PeterHuszczoncetaughtinanagricultural1990s,movedtoCanada.PeterstartedoutwashingdishesinrestaurantindowntownOttawa.Whenthemanageraskedhimtooutrollingmeatballsinthekitchen,hesoonhowtothejobverywell.ButandPetersuggestedthatthemanagershouldbuyameatballmakingmachine.Whenmanagertoldhimtherewasnothingasameatballmaker,Peterwasquicktonoticethatsomethingwasmissinginthemarket.Puttinghisengineeringknowledgetogooduse,heupwithasimple—theMagicMeatballMaker.Hewassuretherewasaforhismachine,butittookhimtenyearsofhardworktofindit.torisks,hebelievedinidea,andhemanagedtopersuadeothertobelieveinhimtoo.Alocalmanufacturer(制造商offeredtoproducethefirst1,000unitsinreturnforashareintheprofits(收益),localshopsofferedtokeephismeatballmakersand’daughterhimoutwithhisfirstsales.ButhisluckybreakcamewhenmanagedtopersuadeTVshopping頻(道tohelpsellMagicMeatballMaker.ThechannelbroadcastprogramabouthowtheinventionworkedinthestudioWithinminutes,theyhadsoldmorethan4,000units.Thiswasjustthestart.Peterhadbeenright.Hehadsaidhismeatballmakerwouldbringhimgreatwealth,andithas:morethanmilliondollarsfarandit’tillsellingtothousandsofAmericanhousewivesallacrossUSA.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要向我們介紹了肉丸機的發(fā)明者PeterHuszcz。1．Workingintherestaurant,Peter________.A．chosentobetheB．foundachancetomoneyC．brokeameatballmakingD．a(chǎn)tmakingmeatballsbyhand解析：選B細理解題。由第一段中的“Whenthemanagertoldsomethingwasmissinginthemarket”知Peter到了賺錢的機會，故選B項2．Whichofthefollowinghelped’businesstakeoff?A．Alocalshop.B．A’daughter.C．Alocalmanufacturer.D．ATVshoppingchannel.4

解析：選細理解題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知Peter成說服一家電視購物頻道為其推銷肉丸機，隨后便開始大賣，故選。3．What’therightordertodescribe’life?A．Teacher→dishwasher→inventor→businessman.B．Dishwasher→teacher→inventor→businessman.C．Businessman→dishwasher→inventor→teacher.D．Inventor→businessman→dish→teacher.解析：選A

細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“PeterHuszczoncetaughtinanagriculturalcollege.”可知，他曾當過老師；由“Inthe1990s...Peterstartedoutwashinginarestaurant”可知之后做過洗碗工“Puttinghisengineeringknowledge..theMagicMeatballMaker”可知，隨后他成了一位發(fā)明家；由第二、三、四段內(nèi)容可知，他為了推銷肉丸機付出了很大的辛苦，所以他還是一名商人。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Betterlatethannever.B．AfriendinisafriendC．Wherethereisawill,thereisD．Intimeofdanger,one’mindworksfast.解析：選C推判斷題。由第二段中的“Hewassuretherewasamarketforhismachine...tobelieveinhimtoo和最后一段內(nèi)容可知PeterHuszcz堅自己的肉丸機會受歡迎，為了推銷其產(chǎn)品，他付出了艱辛的努力并最終取得成功，故選C項加餐練二主題規(guī)范增分練Ⅰ.語法填空Mostvolunteersspendacoupleofhourseachweekin__1__(volunteer)atoneofthelocalcommunitycenters.Hereiswhyvolunteeringisimportant.NewexperienceandinsightVolunteeringisonewaythrough__2__peopleincludingstudentscandevelopacademic,technicalandsocialskillsthatotherwisecouldnot__3__(learn)inaclassroomenvironment.Mostofusfeelthatwelacktimebecauseofthecareerorstudieswearepursuing.However,__4__isimportanttotakesometimeofffromourbusyandvolunteerforsomethinginourcommunity,whichhelpusgainexperienceandinsightintovariousissues.HelpingothersTherearemillionsofpeopletheworldwhoselivesare__5__(hard)thanours.Humansareasocialanimalandoneof__6__bestformankindtoadvanceisby5

helpingthosewhoare__7__(able)tohelphavearesponsibilitytocareforpeople__8__need,andhelpthosewhoarefortunatethanourselves.Havingsomesparecash,timeorgoodsisanopportunity__9__(help)Asenseof(satisfy)Volunteeringisalsooneofthingsyoucandotohelpyoufeelgoodandbuildupyourselfconfidence.語篇解讀本文主要介紹了做志者工作的好處。1．volunteeringspend...(in)doingsth.意“花費……做某事”。2which后一個“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句空指代way，故填which。3．belearnedthat(指代academic,technicalandsocialskills)與learn之是被動關(guān)系，且設(shè)空處位于情態(tài)動詞could后，故填belearned。4．it設(shè)處是形式主語，真正的主語是totakesometime...inour，故填it。5．harder由than可知，應(yīng)用較級，故填harder。6．最高級best前應(yīng)定詞the7．unable設(shè)空處作表語，且由語境可知，設(shè)空處表示“不能的”，故填unable。8．ininneed意“在困難中。9．tohelpopportunity后帶to的定式作定語，故填to。10．satisfactionasenseof意“一種滿足感”。Ⅱ.短文改錯YesterdayIwaswatchingtelevisionathomewhileIsuddenlyrememberedthatitwasmy’birthdaythenextday.Iputmycoatonme,andranoutsideinthehurrytocatchbus.Iwentamusicshop,andIrememberwhichCDhisdadwanted,didn’buysomething.AfterthatIdecidedgotothebookshop.I’surewhattogetandIstayedtherefortrytochooseabook.BytheendIhimbookaboutracingcars.Finally,Iwenthomeandtellmumaboutthepresent.Shelookedatmestrangesometime,andthensai