2012年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析完整版-2

英語(yǔ)二真題：Section1UseofEninglish

Directions:

MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho（1)inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe（2)mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho（3)alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe（4)offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,（5)anaverageguy,up（6)thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies.

Hisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation（7)GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle（8)tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever（9)ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas（10)hadapresidentorvicepresidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.

GI.joehada(11)careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappersasacharacter,ora(12)ofamericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle(13)portraydethemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe(14)sideofthewarl,writingaboutthedirt-snow–and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere(15)orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated,Hisreports(16)the“willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen(17)thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the(18)ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,(20)themostimportantpersonintheirlives.

1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal3.[A]bore[B]cased[C]removed[D]loaded4.[A]necessities[B]facilitice[C]commodities[D]propertoes5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence6.[A]for[B]into[C]form[D]against7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming8.[A]handedout[B]turnover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advancea19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint

SectionIIResdiongComprehensionPartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.

Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.

Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeveylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.

[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterests

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?[A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA.[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.[D]Whiteispreferedbybabies.

28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby_____.[A]themarketingofproductsforchildren[B]theobservationofchildren'snature[C]researchesintochildren'sbehavior[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumption

29.WemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedto_____.[A]focusoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroups[D]createsomecommonshoppers'terms

30.Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemstobe____.[A]clearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendency[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexpertsText3In2010.afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%

ofhumangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganisation(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholbpatentstotwogenssthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike.Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalisedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgenepatents:ageneisaproductofnature,soitmaynotbepatented;genepatentssuppressinnovationratherthanrewardit;andpatents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask-forceurgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule“isnolessaproductofnature...thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds.”Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.

AStheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterpaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublicdomain.firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesintcract,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug’sefficacy,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor‘connectingthedits’,expaainshanssauer,alawyerfortheBIO.

Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrtcentlyheldaconventionwhichincludedseddionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked.

31.itcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswouldlike-----A.theirexecutivestobeactiveB.judgestoruleoutgenepatentingC.genestobepatcntablcD.theBIOtoissueawarning

32.thosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat----A.genetictestsarenotreliableB.onlyman-madeproductsarepatentableC.patentsongenesdependmuchoninnovatiaonD.courtsshouldrestrictaccesstogenetictests

33.accordingtohanssauer,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor----A.establishingdiseasecomelationsB.discoveringgeneinteractionsC.drawingpicturesofgenesD.identifyinghumanDNA

34.Bysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeansthat-----A.thesupremecourtwasauthoritativeB.theBIOwasapowerfulorganizationC.genepatentingwasagreatconcernD.lawyerswerekeentoattendconventiongs

35.generallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingis----A.criticalB.supportiveC.scornfulD.objective

Text4Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.Andultimately,itislikelytoreshapeourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforyears.

Noonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicdisaster.Manysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;theyhadbecomelessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.Inlimitedrespects,perhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroff.Attheveryleast,ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofrecklesspersonalspending.

Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesconflictbetweenracesandclasses.

Incomeinequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,.Indeed,thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinforceclassdivides,anddecreaseopportunitiestocrossthem---especiallyforyoungpeople.TheresearchofTillVonWachter,theeconomistinColumbiaUniversity,suggeststhatnotallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed:thosewithdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowheretheyotherwisewouldhavebeeniftheyhadgraduatedinbettertimes;itisthemassesbeneaththemthatareleftbehind.

Intheinternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseetheresentmentthathasalwaysbeenhiddenwinthinAmericansociety.Moredifficult,inthemoment,isdiscerningpreciselyhowtheseleantimesareaffectingsociety’scharacter.Inmanyrespects,theU.S.wasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisresessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialconflictsincethenhaveshownmixedresults.Wewillhavetowaitandseeexactlyhowthesehardtimeswillreshapeoursocialfabric.Buttheycertainlyit,andallthemoresothelongertheyextend.

36.Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”(Line1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto___.[A]seeksubsidiesfromthegovemment[B]explorereasonsfortheunermployment[C]makeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomy[D]lookonthebrightsideoftherecession

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmadepeople_____.[A]realizethenationaldream[B]struggleagainsteachother[C]challengetheirlifestyle[D]reconsidertheirlifestyle

38.BenjaminFriedmanbelievethateconomicrecessionsmay_____.[A]imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrants[B]bringoutmoreevilsofhumannature[C]Promotetheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms[D]easeconflictsbetweenracesandclasses

39.TheresearchofTillVonWachthersuggeststhatinrecessiongraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendto_____.[A]lagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedopportunities[B]catchupquicklywithexperiencedemployees[C]seetheirlifechancesasdimmedastheothers’[D]recovermorequicklythantheothers

40.Theauthorthinksthattheinfluenceofhardtimesonsocietyis____.[A]certain[B]positive[C]trivial[D]destructive

PartBDirections:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10points)

“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhasaccomplishedinthisworld,isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot.

Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavouritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassingliterarycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration.

FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,thechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders.

Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthorsoftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessoftheartist'spersonalexperienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamualSmileswroteSelf-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplores."Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ifpatientpurpose,resoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformulationoftrulynobleandmanycharacter,exhibit,"wroteSmiles."whatitisinthepowerofeachtoaccomplishforhimself"HisbiographiesofJamesWalt,RichardArkwrightandJosiahWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife.

ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmeremortals.

CommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthnorwagedbattles:“Itisman,real,livingmanwhodoesallthat.”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle.Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast.”

Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthepast.InplaceofThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompsonandEricHobsbawm.Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.Wholenewrealmsofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies—wereopenedupasscholarsunpickedthemultiplicityoflostsocieties.Andittransformedpublichistorytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Whenpeopleindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusuallyconcernedattheprospectoftherbestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValleyortohospitalsanduniversitiesinthedevelopedworld,ThesearethekindofworkersthatcountrieslikeBritian,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationrulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates.Lotsofstudieshavefoundthatwell-educatedpeoplefromdevelopingcountriesareparticularlylikelytoemigrate.AbigsurveyofIndianhouseholdsin2004foundthatnearly40%ofemigrantshadmorethanahigh-schooleducation,comparedwitharound3.3%ofallIndiansovertheageof25.This"braindrain"haslongbotheredpolicymakersinpoorcountries,Theyfearthatithurtstheireconomies,deprivingthemofmuch-neededskilledworkerswhocouldhavetaughtattheiruniversities,workedintheirhospitalsandcomeupwithclevernewproductsfortheirfactoriestomake.SectionIVWritingPartA47.DirectionsSupposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronicdictionarythatyouboughtfromanonlinstoretheotherday,Writeanemailtothecustomerservicecenterto1)makeacomplaintand2)demandapromptsolutionYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonANSERESHEET2Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter,Use"zhangwei"instead.48、writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwritingyoushould1)describethetable,and2)giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteatleast150words(15points)

英語(yǔ)二答案：完形填空：1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B11.D12.B13.C14.D15.B16.A17.C18.B19.B20.DTEXT1：21.A22.C23.A24.B25.DTEXT2：26.A27.B28.A29.C30.CTEXT3：31.C32.B33.A34.D35.DTEXT4：36.D37.D38.B39.D40.A新題型：41-45：AFGCE翻譯、寫作見后面詳解詳解1.【答案】B從空后的句子“他們解放的人們”可以看出，空前的句子表示的應(yīng)該是參加了第二次大戰(zhàn)的男人和女人。只有serve有“服兵役”的意思，所以選B。其他都不符合題意。2.【答案】B空內(nèi)信息應(yīng)該是與hero“英雄”意思相對(duì)，后面的分句說他背井離鄉(xiāng)，經(jīng)歷了很多苦難，顯然這里應(yīng)該是說由普通人平凡人(commonman)成長(zhǎng)為英雄，所以選B。3.【答案】A本題考查的是詞語(yǔ)的搭配關(guān)系，承擔(dān)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶來的負(fù)擔(dān)，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞bear或shoulder，所以這里選A，bore。4.【答案】Anecessities表示“生活必需品”，空外信息food和shelter(食物和住宿)這些就是維持生存最起碼的條件。Facilities是設(shè)備設(shè)施，commodities商品，properties財(cái)產(chǎn)，均不符合題意。5.【答案】Cnot…but，“不是，而是”表轉(zhuǎn)折，不是自愿兵，也沒有高的報(bào)酬，而是一個(gè)普通人。所以選C。6.【答案】D這道題主要考查介詞的搭配。根據(jù)up______(thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutal).enemies可以知道是起來反抗敵人，所以選D選項(xiàng)against。7.【答案】CGI。在軍事上是GovernmentIssue的縮略語(yǔ)，所以，GL。這個(gè)符號(hào)就是象征著這個(gè)全稱GovernmentIssue。選C。8.【答案】A該句意思為，GI。這個(gè)符號(hào)出現(xiàn)在給士兵分發(fā)的所有物品上，handout“分發(fā)，發(fā)放”符合題意。Turnover“移交”，bringback“帶回”，passdown“傳承，一代一代傳下來”在句意上都說不通。9.【答案】C空所在句子的語(yǔ)境為：Joe是個(gè)普通名詞，一個(gè)從未爬到社會(huì)頂層的人的名字。Manage表示再怎么經(jīng)過努力，最終也未獲得成功，所以選C。10.【答案】B結(jié)合第9題的分析可知，空所在句子實(shí)際上是進(jìn)一步舉例說明Joe沒有取得大的成就：從來都不曾出現(xiàn)叫做Joe的總統(tǒng)、副總統(tǒng)、國(guó)務(wù)卿。根據(jù)句意只能選never，B。11.【答案】D本題考察詞匯辨析。空所在的語(yǔ)境為：GI.Joe有__的軍旅生涯，曾和德國(guó)，美國(guó)以及韓國(guó)的軍隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)。由此語(yǔ)境確定選D，其他幾項(xiàng)均不符合題意。12.【答案】B本題考察詞匯辨析。空所在語(yǔ)境為：他身上體現(xiàn)著美國(guó)人的某些特色，或身上結(jié)合了美國(guó)人的諸多特性。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，可知作者想表達(dá)在他身上有很多美國(guó)人的典型特色，因而選B。13.【答案】C本題考察詞匯辨析。空所在語(yǔ)境為：Pyle__的士兵也本色出演了該片。結(jié)合上句對(duì)ErniePyle的介紹，可知為一戰(zhàn)地記者(warcorrespondent)，確定答案C。14.【答案】D本題考察詞匯辨析?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：Pyle擅長(zhǎng)報(bào)導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的__面，報(bào)導(dǎo)這些渾身是塵土，積雪以及泥漿的士兵。Pyle報(bào)導(dǎo)重在士兵而非戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)上，因而可確定他關(guān)注的應(yīng)更多的是人性。所以選D。15.【答案】D本題考察詞匯辨析。本題承接上題，表達(dá)：Pyle并不關(guān)注士兵行軍多少里，或是占領(lǐng)或解放了多少地方。Gain有推進(jìn)(一段)距離的意思，故選D。16.【答案】A本題考察詞匯辨析?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：他的報(bào)導(dǎo)與BillMaulden的是_____的。緊接的一句話揭示了本題的答案，兩者都(Bothmen)。由此可確定兩人的報(bào)導(dǎo)應(yīng)是類似的。因而，選A。“counteracted”表示“抵制，中和，對(duì)抗”，duplicated表示“復(fù)制，重復(fù)”，“contradicted”表示“反駁，與...矛盾”。17.【答案】C本題考察邏輯搭配。空所在語(yǔ)境為：兩者都_戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的丑惡，以及所帶來的損耗?！庇缮项}可知道，Pyle更加注重戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的士兵，因而他不可能是忽略(neglected)，避免(avoided)或是欽佩(admired)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)所帶來的這一些負(fù)面的東西，因而本題選C。18.【答案】B本題由冒號(hào)后多表達(dá)的咖啡，香煙，威士忌，住的地方，還睡覺的地方，有好的覺可以睡與前面所說的前面dirt,exhaustionofwar形成鮮明的對(duì)比。故選B19.【答案】B本題考察介詞的用法?？账谡Z(yǔ)境為：__印度，法國(guó)，以及其他國(guó)家，G.I.Joe可以是任何美國(guó)士兵。結(jié)合文章表達(dá)，應(yīng)是對(duì)于這些人而言。因而，確定答案B。20.【答案】D本題考察邏輯搭配。空所在語(yǔ)境為：G.I.Joe是他們生命中最重要的人。原題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別表示onthecontrary“正相反”；[B]bythismeans“用這種方式”；[C]fromtheoutset“從一開始”；[D]atthatpoint表示“就那點(diǎn)(方面)來說”。D為最佳答案。SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartAText121.【答案】A文章首段首句指出“家庭作業(yè)一直不受學(xué)生，還有許多家長(zhǎng)的歡迎，特別是到了最近幾年，家庭作業(yè)還遭到了人們的不屑?！焙竺娴膬?nèi)容則是簡(jiǎn)單提出美國(guó)各學(xué)區(qū)對(duì)于家庭作業(yè)的作為，引出L.A.Unified針對(duì)家庭作業(yè)所指定的政策。該題題干問的是“根據(jù)文章首段，目前家庭作業(yè)…”，關(guān)鍵詞是家庭作業(yè)，因此答案從首句就能判斷出來，題干的nowadays對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的inrecentyears，所選答案則是對(duì)“ithasbeenparticularlyscorned?！钡耐x改寫，故答案選A。22.【答案】C文章第二段首句明確說到“這項(xiàng)政策的制定是為了解決貧困家庭的學(xué)生在完成家庭作業(yè)中可能遇到的困難。”這與題干所問“制定該政策的主要原因”以及“貧困學(xué)生”就對(duì)應(yīng)起來了，故答案選C。23.【答案】A文章第三段第二句指出，“如果家庭作業(yè)僅占分值的10%，學(xué)生很容易少做一半的家庭作業(yè)，在他們的成績(jī)單上也不會(huì)有什么差別。”“家庭作業(yè)僅占分值10%”這是L.A.Unified制定出的家庭作業(yè)政策的內(nèi)容，因此，從這句話可以看出有了這項(xiàng)政策，既然成績(jī)單上不會(huì)有區(qū)別，學(xué)生就會(huì)選擇少做一半的家庭作業(yè)，這個(gè)意思對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)為A。24，25解析暫無(wú)Text2一。文章梗概：這篇文章是來自于英國(guó)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》2011年6月19日的一篇文章。作者以粉紅色與女性的關(guān)系為切入，進(jìn)而探討了是什么在吸引我們對(duì)于顏色產(chǎn)生的喜好。在考研復(fù)習(xí)中這種文章是屢見不鮮的。所以，在經(jīng)過我們相關(guān)的集訓(xùn)訓(xùn)練，或是相關(guān)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練的考生可以以非常愉悅的狀態(tài)應(yīng)對(duì)這篇文章。二。解題分析：第26題：1.題干分析：Bysaying"itis...Therainbow"(line3,Para1)，theauthormeanspink_______。句意細(xì)節(jié)題。該題圍繞一個(gè)句子展開。該句為“butitisatinysliceoftherainbow”，需要結(jié)合文章體會(huì)上下文含義。2.研讀解題：結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)第26題定位點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在第一段中間，因其前后句都與其有句意聯(lián)系，故皆為解題區(qū)域。前句說：女人已經(jīng)想不起來自己在少女時(shí)代對(duì)于粉色的癡迷。引入了出題句。該字面理解為這只是彩虹的一個(gè)小小端倪。結(jié)合前句、后句，可以知道粉紅色沒有什么問題，也不僅僅是混淆少女身份的東西。在后又提及了，它是一種連接。[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhoodA選項(xiàng)解讀：不應(yīng)該被當(dāng)做是少女時(shí)代的單一代表。[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocenceB選項(xiàng)解讀：不應(yīng)該與少女的無(wú)知相聯(lián)系[C]cannotexplaingirls'lackofimaginationC選項(xiàng)解讀：不能解釋少女們對(duì)于想象力的缺失。[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterestsD選項(xiàng)解讀：不能影響到少女們的生活和興趣。B、C選項(xiàng)有歧視的傾向，不選、排除。D選項(xiàng)不在解題區(qū)域之內(nèi)。故第26題結(jié)合文章，只能選擇A選項(xiàng)。第27題1.題干分析：AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?段落判斷推理題。該題提問，根據(jù)第二段，下列有關(guān)于色彩的選項(xiàng)中哪一個(gè)是正確的。出題點(diǎn)也已經(jīng)明確為第二段。2.研讀解題：結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)[A]Colorsareencodedingirls'DNAA選項(xiàng)解讀：色彩被編碼進(jìn)入少女們的基因之中?？衫斫鉃?，少女天生喜愛顏色。[B]BlueusedtoberegardedasthecolorforgirlsB選項(xiàng)解讀：藍(lán)色過去常常被當(dāng)做是代表少女們的顏色。[C]PinkusedtobeaneutralcolorinsymbolizinggendersC選項(xiàng)解讀：粉紅色過去常常白當(dāng)做是一種表示性別的顏色中的中性色彩。[D]WhiteispreferredbybabiesD選項(xiàng)解讀：白色更被孩子所喜愛。結(jié)合文章，A選項(xiàng)為第二段的第一句中的“but”所排除。B選項(xiàng)在文中，有“Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity?！焙魬?yīng)。故可選。C選項(xiàng)，與原文所提及代表力量不符，排除。D選項(xiàng)，與原文中所提及白色是由“boil”造成，不符，排除。故第27題選擇：B。第28題1.題干分析：Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby________。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。作者對(duì)于我們對(duì)于孩子的心理發(fā)展的感知主要是受到____的影響。此題定位點(diǎn)較為模糊。有出題詞匯“perception”和“psychologicaldevelopment”以及解題核心詞匯“influenced”。2.研讀解題：由定位點(diǎn)“perception”和“psychologicaldevelopment”以及解題核心詞匯“influenced”，定位于第三段第一句，“Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.”故句后部分為該題解題重要區(qū)域。結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)[A]themarketingofproductsforchildrenA選項(xiàng)解讀：兒童產(chǎn)品的購(gòu)買。[B]theobservationofchildren'snatureB選項(xiàng)解讀：對(duì)于孩子本性的觀察。[C]researchesintochildren'sbehaviorC選項(xiàng)解讀：對(duì)于孩子行為的研究。[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumptionD選項(xiàng)解讀：對(duì)于孩子的消費(fèi)的研究。定位點(diǎn)于第一句話，但是要注意本句話中所用的是“marketingtrends”(市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì))，故A選項(xiàng)中的所購(gòu)買的兒童用品，形似但意不同，排除。文章中雖然提及“nature”和“behavior”，但是都沒有以上選項(xiàng)的完整意思，排除。所以結(jié)合文章后面所提及的“ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism”以及“amarketinggimmick”等內(nèi)容，第28題，選擇D選項(xiàng)，對(duì)于孩童時(shí)代消費(fèi)的研究，為正確選項(xiàng)。第29題1.題干分析：WemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvised________。段落推理題。題中提問，我們從第四段得出，百貨商場(chǎng)被建議______。直接可以定位于第四段落。同時(shí)，也可以使第28題的定位點(diǎn)清楚定位于第二段之后，以及第四段之前，即第三段。2.研讀解題：29題定位于第四段落，有關(guān)鍵詞“departmentstores”故解題區(qū)域也大致確定。結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)[A]focusesoninfantwearandolderkids'clothesA選項(xiàng)解讀：關(guān)注與嬰兒服飾以及更大一些的孩子的服飾。[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgendersB選項(xiàng)，對(duì)于不同的性別賦予同樣的重視。[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroupsC選項(xiàng)，細(xì)分消費(fèi)者進(jìn)入更小的組別。[D]createsomecommonshoppers'termsD選項(xiàng)，創(chuàng)造更多的普通購(gòu)物者的專有詞匯。A選項(xiàng)詞句有原文支持“createa"thirdsteppingstone"betweeninfantwearandolderkids'clothes”。但是，對(duì)于內(nèi)容的理解不全面。是一個(gè)強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)。原文在這一定位范圍內(nèi)沒有提及性別問題，故排除B選項(xiàng)。在后句有“Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits?！?，第29題，故選擇C選項(xiàng)，為正確答案。第30題1.題干分析：Itcanbeconcludedthatgirl'sattractiontopinkseemstobe_____。為概括題型。要求概括是什么原因使得女孩們?yōu)榉凵齙______。定位點(diǎn)為“girl‘sattraction”和“pink”。此種題型定位較難，因?yàn)樵摲N題型多是有多個(gè)出題點(diǎn)，概括而成，所以可以在所有題結(jié)束后，運(yùn)用原則進(jìn)行解題。2.研讀解題：結(jié)合文章研讀選項(xiàng)[A]clearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendencyA選項(xiàng)解讀：很確定的被解釋為由她們內(nèi)在的趨向[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturersB選項(xiàng)解讀：被服裝廠商全部理解(掌握)[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmenC選項(xiàng)解讀：主要是被受利益所驅(qū)使商人所強(qiáng)加的。[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexpertsD選項(xiàng)解讀：被心理學(xué)專家所很好地解釋。文中，少女對(duì)于粉色的喜好多次提及，分別為，第一段，“yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives”；第二段，“Girls'attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,it'snot.”結(jié)合原文，可以排除選項(xiàng)A與選項(xiàng)D。剩下的B與C選項(xiàng)是該題的難點(diǎn)，即到底是為服裝商全部了解的結(jié)果，還是商人的導(dǎo)向。其實(shí)，通讀全文，服裝商確實(shí)出現(xiàn)過，但是，卻沒有提及服裝廠商對(duì)于顧客的理解，做一個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)單的推理：如果服裝商真的能夠完全理解顧客需求，那么就不會(huì)有服裝的積壓現(xiàn)象。故，該選項(xiàng)為絕對(duì)選項(xiàng)，不選。所以，第30題答案為C。Text3文章分析本文摘自TheEconomist(《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》)2011年8月四日刊出的題為Myriad'sgene-patentbattleGene-uinelyunclear的文章。文章圍繞“基因?qū)＠姆杉m紛”這一話題展開論述。故事背景：隨著新藥品種開發(fā)減少，藥品的研發(fā)資金縮減，藥品研究正處于黑暗時(shí)期。但有一束光帶來了一線希望?！皞€(gè)性化藥品”承諾為個(gè)人定制藥品。基因測(cè)試將識(shí)別出那些從特制藥品中獲益的人。從而加強(qiáng)治療效果；降低浪費(fèi)水平。個(gè)性化藥品讓制藥商、醫(yī)生和病人均欣喜若狂。這也引發(fā)了法律糾紛。我們知道，美國(guó)與大多數(shù)英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家都繼承了英國(guó)法律的普通法傳統(tǒng)。比如，美國(guó)法院承襲了“遵循先例”原則，一旦判決成立，案例會(huì)被沿襲，重要性由此可見。第一段是文章的主旨段，簡(jiǎn)單扼要道出基因?qū)＠杉m紛的由來。2010年的由一位聯(lián)邦法官顛覆過去“基因可以獲得專利”案例，作出“基因不能獲得專利”這一判決，激怒生物公司，引起軒然大波，一場(chǎng)基因?qū)＠麘?zhàn)由此激發(fā)。生物科技產(chǎn)業(yè)組織(BIO)向其組織成員承諾，這僅僅只是這場(chǎng)專利戰(zhàn)的開始，他們一定會(huì)力爭(zhēng)到底。第二段寫事情有了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，上訴法院推翻了之前的判決，宣判MyridGenetics這家生物公司可以保留其識(shí)別婦女得數(shù)乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的兩種基因?qū)＠麢?quán)第三段寫基因?qū)＠m紛的原因所在：生物公司致力于個(gè)性化藥品的研究所帶來的積極效應(yīng)讓法院對(duì)禁止基因?qū)＠q豫不決。而反對(duì)基因?qū)＠娜藗円灿幸淮蠖牙碛桑夯蚴亲匀晃铮瑳]有什么專利可言；基因?qū)＠念C布會(huì)抑制創(chuàng)新，而非鼓勵(lì)；像Myriad公司這樣的基因壟斷會(huì)限制基因?qū)嶒?yàn)…反對(duì)者眾多。第四段寫這個(gè)案例忽略了一個(gè)非常重要的問題：如果某個(gè)基因被授予了專利，是否會(huì)影響它所在的基因組專利的授予？可能要等最高法院來決定了。第五段寫隨著BIO組織的發(fā)展，其重心可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移，BIO不打算大量申請(qǐng)人體DNA分子專利，在這一領(lǐng)域，他們已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)了絕大部分專利。BIO正在研究基因如何相互作用，這一研究或能用來確定疾病原因或預(yù)測(cè)藥物療效的相關(guān)性。BIO的律師漢斯。薩奧爾解釋，這樣的專利才是他們真正渴望獲得的。不管怎樣，這場(chǎng)專利戰(zhàn)的結(jié)果可能會(huì)由與此相關(guān)的MayoClinic案例裁定，最高法院已經(jīng)受理。BIO日前召開一系列會(huì)議，其中包括招募這場(chǎng)專利案件的首席辯護(hù)律師的會(huì)議，場(chǎng)場(chǎng)座無(wú)虛席。31.C，答案顯而易見32.B，答案在文章第三段第三句，此句與選項(xiàng)B為同義句?？忌枵覝?zhǔn)信息句并注意正確選項(xiàng)與原文句子的同義詞，同一句轉(zhuǎn)換。33.A，答案在第五段第三、四句，文中說的是大范圍，包括了選項(xiàng)A，大概念→小概念也是區(qū)別正確選項(xiàng)的重要方法之一。34.D，場(chǎng)場(chǎng)會(huì)議都座無(wú)虛席，人滿為患。這個(gè)題頗具難度，選項(xiàng)C干擾性非常強(qiáng)，答題的突破口在于看meeting指什么，我們找到meeting的前一句，說的是招募首席辯護(hù)律師的會(huì)議，說明律師都渴望加入。為什么律師會(huì)有莫大的興趣，我們根據(jù)常識(shí)可以想到，這是一場(chǎng)非常轟動(dòng)的案件，如果贏了，名聲躁動(dòng)，職業(yè)前景無(wú)限。35.D，這個(gè)題比較簡(jiǎn)單，作者客觀敘述，沒有個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。Text4一。文章梗概：2012年的text4與這套試卷中的其他文章一樣來自于國(guó)外的主流媒體。這篇文章是來自于美國(guó)《美國(guó)大西洋月刊》網(wǎng)站的一篇文章，發(fā)表時(shí)間是2010年的3月。當(dāng)時(shí)的美國(guó)處于次貸危機(jī)所帶來的衰退的尾聲，失業(yè)率居高不下。該文章作者DonPeck曾多次以衰退為題撰寫文章，以通過自己的文章對(duì)于公眾有所幫助。所以通讀這篇以《HowaNewJoblessEraWillTransformAmerica？》為題目的文章，我們并沒有看到如普通美國(guó)民眾的那種氣餒和失望的情緒，反而作者客觀的在分析著失業(yè)對(duì)于美國(guó)人的潛移默化。但是，我們也同樣要注意的是，作者不是盲目的樂觀，而是看到好的，也看到壞的，非?？陀^的分析著相關(guān)事實(shí)。二。解題分析：第36題：1.題干分析：Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”(Line1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto___。通過對(duì)于題干的分析，這是一道詞組或者說是詞義的推理題目。要求考生，通過劃線的詞組來推斷作者的建議。我們注意的是該題的出題位置，是在第二段的第一行，這使得很多同學(xué)心里上放松了對(duì)于第一段落的重視。如果真的如此，則考生便陷入了出題人的陷阱。因?yàn)槌鲱}人之所以設(shè)計(jì)考點(diǎn)在此，便是通過對(duì)于第二段首句的考察來進(jìn)行大綱所要求的對(duì)于上下文內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)的理解的考察。即，第二段的內(nèi)容是如何通過此句與文章的第一個(gè)段落聯(lián)系在一起的。所以這道題的解題區(qū)域(相關(guān)解釋詳見同上)不僅包括該段落后續(xù)內(nèi)容，也包含了上一段落的最后幾個(gè)部分。在此，有一