上傳的課件資料

上傳的課件資料第1頁/共47頁TheColonialPeriod

(1607-1776)TheEstablishmentofEnglishColonies 1.NewEnglandcolonies 2.Middlecolonies 3.SoutherncoloniesColonialDevelopmentinthe18thcentury第2頁/共47頁FocusQuestionsHowwerethefirsttwoEnglishcoloniesestablished?WhatwastheinfluenceofthePuritansinNewEngland?3.WhatweredifferencesbetweenNewEnglandcoloniesandsouthernones?第3頁/共47頁NewSpain(1519-1821)SpainstartedawarofconquestandestablishedanempirecalledNewSpain.第4頁/共47頁NewFrance

(1534-1763)第5頁/共47頁EnglandinTudorDynasty

(1485-1603)HenryVII

(1485-1509)HenryVIII(1509-1547)EdwardVI(1547-1553)ElizabethI(1558-1603)MaryI(1553-1558)第6頁/共47頁TheEnglishReformationHenryVIIIwantedtoenlargehispoliticalpower.HenryVIIIneededmoney.HenryVIIIwantedtodivorcehisfirstwife.(theimmediatecause)HenryVIII1509-1547第7頁/共47頁EnglishReformationIn1535,theActofSupremacy《至尊法案》waspassedwhichmadetheEnglishmonarchtheSupremeHeadoftheChurchofEngland.第8頁/共47頁HenryVIIIandhissixwives第9頁/共47頁EdwardVI(1547-1553)EdwardVI,theonlysonofHenryVIII,continuedtocarryonthereformation.

HeintroducedtheBookofCommonPrayer(公禱書)toEnglishpeople.第10頁/共47頁BloodyMary(1553-1558)ShedecidedtoreturntheChurchbacktoCatholicism.Sheburnt300Protestantscruelly.第11頁/共47頁ElizabethⅠ(1558-1603)ElizabethI,amoderateProtestant,accomplishedtheReformationandestablishedtheauthorityoftheChurchofEnglandortheAnglicanChurch.第12頁/共47頁ElizabethⅠ(1558-1603)ElizabethIencouragedforeigntrade.Shegaveroyalpermissiontomanycharteredcompaniesandsharedtheirprofits.

第13頁/共47頁ElizabethⅠ(1558-1603)ElizabethIencouragedforeigntrade.ShesecretlysupportedEnglishsailorstoattackSpanishshipsandsharedtheirtreasures.第14頁/共47頁ElizabethⅠ(1558-1603)ElizabethImadeuseofthemarriageproposalstobalancetheEuropeanpowers,thusgaveEnglandtimetodevelop.第15頁/共47頁ElizabethⅠ:theVirginQueenWhenparliamentaskedhertomarrysomeoneandleaveanheirtothethrone,shesaid:“Ihavealreadymarriedahusband,heisEngland.”第16頁/共47頁TheDefeatofSpanishArmadaIn1588,EnglanddefeatedSpanishArmada.ThevictoryshowedEngland’snavalpoweratthattimeandpreparedEnglandtobecomeagreatEuropeanpowerinthecomingyears.第17頁/共47頁EnglishRenaissanceInEngland,theRenaissancebeganattheendoftheWarsofRosesin1485.TheEnglishlanguageentereditsthirdstageModernEnglish.Englishliteratureprospered.第18頁/共47頁EnglishExplorationBytheendofthe16thcentury,EnglandbegantheexplorationoftheNewWorld.ElizabethⅠ1558-1603第19頁/共47頁VirginiaCompanyofLondonIn1606,agroupofmerchantsandlandownersreceivedaroyalchartertoestablishcoloniesinNorthAmerica.ItguaranteedtotheoverseasettlersthesamerightsofEnglishmenthattheywouldhaveenjoyediftheyhadstayedinEngland.第20頁/共47頁第21頁/共47頁JamestownIn1607,thefirstpermanentBritishcolonywasfoundedinJamestown,Virginia.第22頁/共47頁“Therewasnotalk…butdiggold…”In1611,CaptainJohnSmithpassedalaw,whichrequiredeveryonetoproducefood.PopulationinVirginia1607=100colonists1608=38survived1609=300moreimmigrants1610=60survivedJohnSmith1580-1631第23頁/共47頁JohnRolfeimprovedthetasteofAmericantobacco.TOBACCO–“Virginia’sgoldandsilver”JohnRolfemarriedthedaughterofchiefofthelocalIndiantribe.JohnRolfe1585-1622第24頁/共47頁Jamestown,VirginiaOnJuly30,1619,theHouseofBurgesseswasthegreatbeginningofself-governmentofAmericans.第25頁/共47頁ColonialGovernmentEnglishGovernment第26頁/共47頁Jamestown,VirginiaOnJuly30,1619,theHouseofBurgesseswasthegreatbeginningofself-governmentofAmericans.Ashipbroughtover20blackpeoplefromAfrica,whichwasthebeginningofslaveryforthefutureUnitedStates.第27頁/共47頁EnglishColony:PlymouthIn1620,agroupofPuritansknownasPilgrimFatherstooktheshipMayflowerandsailedforNorthAmerica.第28頁/共47頁第29頁/共47頁Beforelanding,thecolonistssignedthe

MayflowerCompactdraftedbyWilliamBradford.Plymouth第30頁/共47頁TheMayflowerCompactgrantedpoliticalrightstoanymanwillingtoremainandobeythelaws.ItwasthefirstattempttoestablishwrittenlawsinAmericancolonies.ItwasalsothefirstattempttoestablishdemocraticsocietyinAmericancolonies.第31頁/共47頁TheFirstThanksgivingIntheautumnof1621,thepilgrimsinvitedIndianstocelebratetheirfirstharvestintheNewWorld.第32頁/共47頁TheGreatMigration

inthe1630sIn1629,KingCharlesthefirst dissolvedtheParliamentand persecutedthePuritans.JohnWinthropestablishedMassachusettsBayCompany.第33頁/共47頁CityuponaHill山巔之城…weemustConsiderthatweeshallbeasaCittyuponaHill,theeies[eyes]ofallpeopleareuponus.SoethatifweeshalldealefalselywithourGodinthisworkeweehaveundertaken,andsoecausehimtowithdrawehispresenthelpfromus,weeshallbemadeastoryandaby-wordthroughtheworld.我們將如山巔之城，為萬眾瞻仰。因此，我們?nèi)绻谝呀?jīng)著手的事業(yè)中欺蒙我主，使主受賄目前賜予我們的庇佑，我們將成為笑柄，天下丑聞。

第34頁/共47頁TheGreatMigration

inthe1630sIn1629,KingCharlesthefirst dissolvedtheParliamentand persecutedthePuritans.JohnWinthropestablishedMassachusettsBayCompany.第35頁/共47頁Discussion:ThePuritansWhatarethefundamentalreligiousbeliefsofthePuritans?WhatdoyouknowaboutPuritansintermsofpolitics,economy,family,morality,andeducation?What’stheirimpactonAmericansociety?第36頁/共47頁Puritans’ReligiousBeliefsOriginalSin原罪說

Allmenwerebornsinners.第37頁/共47頁Puritans’ReligiousBeliefsOriginalSin原罪說

Allmenwerebornsinners.2.Predestination宿命論

AlleventshavebeendecidedbyGod.第38頁/共47頁Puritans’ReligiousBeliefs1.OriginalSin原罪說

Allmenwerebornsinners.2.Predestination宿命論

AlleventshavebeendecidedbyGod.3.theauthorityoftheBibleManmustfollowtheBibleexactlyandliveaholylife.第39頁/共47頁第40頁/共47頁PuritanValuesInmorality,Puritanswereconservativeandintolerant.第41頁/共47頁EnglishColony:RhodeIslandRogerWilliamsestablishedRhodeIslandcolonyin1636.Hebelievedthatgovernmentsshouldhavenoconnectiontoachurch.SeparationofchurchandstatebecameoneofthemostimportantgoverningideasinAmerica.第42頁/共47頁SeparationofChurchandStateTheFirstAmendmenttotheU.S.Constitution“Congressshallmakenolawrespectin