托福長難句總結(jié)TOEFLreading

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！1.Windvelocityalsoincreaseswithaltitudeandmaycauseseriousstressfortrees,asismadeevidentbythedeformedshapesathighaltitudes.2.Forexample,someearlysocietiesceasedtoconsidercertainritesessentialtotheirwell-beingandabandonedthem;nevertheless,theyretainedaspartsoftheiroraltraditionthemythsthathadgrownuparoundtheritesandadmiredthemfortheirartisticqualitiesratherthanfortheirreligioususefulness.3.iftheporesarelarge,thewaterinthemwillexistasdropstooheavyforsurfacetensiontohold,anditwillbutiftheporesaresmallenough,thewaterinthemwillexistasthinfilms,toolighttoovercometheforceofsurfacetensionholdingtheminplace;thenthewaterwillbefirmlyheld.4.Theextremeseriousnessofdesertificationresultsfromthevastareasoflandandthetremendousnumbersofpeopleaffected,aswellasfromthegreatdifficultyofreversingorevenslowingtheprocess.5.Thestructureofthebackboneshows,however,thatAmbulocetusswamlikemodernwhalesbymovingtherearportionofitsbodyupanddown,eventhoughaflukewasmissing.6.Herefusedtodevelopprojectiontechnology,reasoningthatifhemadeandsoldprojectors,thenexhibitorswouldpurchaseonlyonemachine-aprojector-fromhiminsteadofseveral.7.Inorderforthestructuretoachievethesizeandstrengthnecessarytomeetitspurpose,architectureemploysmethodsofsupportthat,becausetheyarebasedonphysicallaws,havechangedlittlesincepeoplefirstdiscoveredthem-evenwhilebuildingmaterialshavechangeddramatically.8.EstimatesindicatethattheaquifercontainsenoughwatertofillLakeHuron,butunfortunately,underthesemiaridclimaticconditionsthatpresentlyexistintheregion,ratesofadditiontotheaquiferareminimal,amountingtoabouthalfacentimeterayear.9.Eventhekindofstabilitydefinedassimplelackofchangeisnotalwaysassociatedwithmaximumdiversity.10.Inadditiontofindinganincreaseofsuitablebrowse,likehuckleberryandvinemaple,ArthurEinarsen,longtimegamebiologistinthePacificNorthwest,foundqualityofbrowseintheopenareastobesubstantiallymorenutritive.11.Perhaps,likemanycontemporarypeoples,UpperPaleolithicmenandwomenbelievedthatthedrawingofahumanimagecouldcausedeathorinjury,andifthatwereindeedtheirbelief,itmightexplainwhyhumanfiguresarerarelydepictedincaveart.12.Continuedsedimentation—theprocessofdeposits'settlingontheseabottom—buriestheorganicmatterandsubjectsittohighertemperaturesandpressures,whichconverttheorganicmattertooilandgas.13.Thisscenariobeginswiththeplantingofhyperaccumulatingspeciesinthetargetareasuchasanabandonedmineoranirrigationpondcontaminatedbyrunoff.14.ContrarytotheargumentsofsomethatmuchofthePacificwassettledbyPolynesiansaccidentallymaroonedafterbeinglostandadrift,itseemsreasonablethatthisfeatwasaccomplishedbydeliberatecolonizationexpeditionsthatsetoutfullystockedwithfoodanddomesticatedplantsandanimals15.Atonetime,theanimalspresentinthesefossilbedswereassignedtovariousmodernanimalgroups,butmostpaleontologistsnowagreethatallTommotianfossilsrepresentuniquebodyformsthataroseintheearlyCambrianperiodanddisappearedbeforetheendoftheperiod,leavingnodescendantsinmodernanimalgroups.16.Onlythelastofthesewassuitedatalltothecontinuousoperatingofmachines,andalthoughwaterpoweraboundedinLancashireandScotlandandrangrainmillsaswellastextilemills,ithadonegreatdisadvantage:streamsflowedwherenatureintendedthemto,andwater-drivenfactorieshadtobelocatedontheirbanks,whetherornotthelocationwasdesirableforotherreasons.17.Butasmoreandmoreaccumulationsofstratawerecatalogedinmoreandmoreplaces,itbecameclearthatthesequencesofrockssometimesdifferedfromregiontoregionandthatnorocktypewasevergoingtobecomeareliabletimemarkerthroughouttheworld.18.Physiologicalimmaturitymaybepartofwhyinfantsandtoddlersdonotformextremelyenduringmemories,evenwhentheyhearstoriesthatpromotesuchrememberinginpreschoolers.19.Asaresultofcrustaladjustmentsandfaulting,theStraitofGibraltar,wheretheMediterraneannowconnectstotheAtlantic,opened,andwatercascadedspectacularlybackintotheMediterranean.20.LikethestonesofaRomanwallwhichwereheldtogetherbothbytheregularityofthedesignandbythatpeculiarlypowerfulRomancement,sothevariouspartsoftheRomanrealmwerebondedintoamassive,monolithicentitybyphysical,organizational,andpsychologicalcontrols.21.UnlikeintheAmericas,wheremetallurgywasaverylateandlimiteddevelopment,Africanshadironfromarelativelyearlydate,developingingeniousfurnacestoproducethehighheatneededforproductionandtocontroltheamountofairthatreachedthecarbonandironorenecessaryformakingiron.22.ManyplantsandanimalsdisappearabruptlyfromthefossilrecordasonemovesfromlayersofrockdocumentingtheendoftheCretaceousupintorocksrepresentingthebeginningoftheCenozoic(theeraaftertheMesozoic).23.Butdetractorsmaintainthattheterracescouldalsohavebeencreatedbygeologicalactivity,perhapsrelatedtothegeologicforcesthatdepressedtheNorthernHemispherefarbelowthelevelofthesouth,inwhichcasetheyhavenothingwhatevertodowithMartianwater.24.Fladmark’shypothesisreceivedadditionalsupportformfromthefactthatthegreatestdiversityinnativeAmericanlanguagesoccursalongthewestcoastoftheAmericas,suggestingthatthisregionhasbeensettledthelongest.25.Thereappeartobemanyunexploredmattersaboutthemotivationtoreflect–forexample,thevalueofexternallymotivatedreflectionasopposedtothatofteacherswhomightreflectbyhabit.26.Itissignificantthattheearliestlivingthingthatbuiltcommunitiesontheseislandsareexamplesofsymbiosis,aphenomenonthatdependsupontheclosecooperationoftwoformsoflifeandaprinciplethatisveryimportantinislandcommunities.27.Thetraditionofreligioussculptureextendsovermosthistoricalperiodsbutislessclearlydelineatedthanthatofstonewaresorporcelains,foritembracestheoldcustomofearthenwareburialceramicswithlaterreligiousimagesandarchitecturalornament.28.Overlongperiodsoftime,substanceswhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieschangewiththeambientclimateatthetimecanbedepositedinasystematicwaytoprovideacontinuousrecordofchangesinthosepropertiesovertime,sometimesforhundredsorthousandsofyears.29.Hethensetupexperimentswithcagedstarlingsandfoundthattheirorientationwas.infact,inthepropermigratorydirectionexceptwhentheskywasovercast,atwhichtimestherewasnocleardirectiontotheirrestlessmovements.30.Mostengravings,forexample,arebestlitfromtheleft,asbefitstheworkofright-handedartists,whogenerallyprefertohavethelightsourceontheleftsothattheshadowoftheirhanddoesnotfallonthetipoftheengravingtoolorbrush.31.Thoughitmaybedifficulttoimaginefromalaterperspective,astrainofcriticalopinioninthe1920spredictedthatsoundfilmwouldbeatechnicalnoveltythatwouldsoonfadefromsight,justashadmanypreviousattempts,datingwellbackbeforetheFirstWorldWar,tolinkimageswithrecordedsound.32.Certainly,rationalappealsinadvertisingaimedatchildrenarelimited,asmostadvertisementsuseemotionalandindirectappealstopsychologicalstatesorassociations.33.TheexplanationisthattheMayaexcavateddepressions,ormodifiednaturaldepressions,andthenpluggedupleaksinthekarstbyplasteringthebottomsofthedepressionsinordertocreatereservoirs,whichcollectedrainfromlargeplasteredcatchmentbasinsandstoreditforuseinthedryseason.34.Inequalitiesofgenderhavealsoexistedinpastoralistsocieties,buttheyseemtohavebeensoftenedbytheabsenceofsteephierarchiesofwealthinmostcommunities,andalsobytherequirementthatwomenacquiremostoftheskillsofmen,including,often,theirmilitaryskills.35.Glaciersmoveslowlyacrossthelandwithtremendousenergy,carvingintoeventhehardestrockformationsandtherebyreshapingthelandscapeastheyengulf,push,drag,andfinallydepositinplacesfarfromitsoriginallocation.36.Inacountercurrentexchangesystem,thebloodvesselscarryingcooledbloodfromtheflippersruncloseenoughtothebloodvesselscarryingwarmbloodfromthebodytopickupsomeheatfromthewarmerbloodvessels;thus,theheatistransferredfromtheoutgoingtotheingoingvesselsbeforeitreachestheflipperitself.37.Asamongtribespeople,personalrelationshipsandacarefulweighingofcharacterhavealwaysbeencrucialinamercantileeconomywithlittleregulation,whereone'swordisone'sbondandwhereinformaltiesoftrustcementtogetheraninternationaltradenetwork.38.Ramsaythenstudiedagasthatwaspresentinnaturalgasdepositsanddiscoveredthatitwashelium,anelementwhosepresenceintheSunhadbeennotedearlierinthespectrumofsunlightbuthathadnotpreviouslybeenknownonEarth.39.ThesheerscaleoftheinvestmentittooktobegincommercialexpansionatseareflectstheimmensityoftheprofitsthatsuchEast-Westtradecouldcreate.40.Inthegreen-to-yellowlightingconditionsofthelowestlevelsoftheforest,yellowandgreenwouldbethebrightestcolors,butwhenananimalissignaling,thesecolorswouldnotbeveryvisibleiftheanimalwassittinginanareawithayellowishorgreenishbackground.41.Thekeyfactorinthesuccessofthesecountries(alongwithhighliteracy,whichcontributedtoit)wastheirabilitytoadapttotheinternationaldivisionoflabordeterminedbytheearlyindustrializersandtostakeoutareasofspecializationininternationalmarketsforwhichtheywereespeciallywellsuited.42.Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningtakesplacewhenpeopleareboredorsleepyandservesthefunctionofincreasingalertnessbyreversing,throughdeeperbreathing,thedropinbloodoxygenlevelsthatarecausedbytheshallowbreathingthataccompanieslackofsleeporboredom.43.InthewakeoftheRomanEmpire'sconquestofBritaininthefirstcenturyA.D.,alargenumberoftroopsstayedinthenewprovince,andthesetroopshadaconsiderableimpactonBritainwiththeircamps,fortifications,andparticipationinthelocaleconomy.44.With"climax,""biome,""superorganism,"andvariousothertechnicaltermsfortheassociationofanimalsandplantsatagivenlocalitybeingcriticized,theterm"ecosystem"wasmoreandmorewidelyadoptedforthewholesystemofassociatedorganismstogetherwiththephysicalfactorsoftheirenvironment.45.Meanwhile,thedeadlieststrainsofthevirusperishedwiththeirhostsasnaturalselectionfavoredstrainsthatcouldinfecthostsbutnotkillthem.46.Inthesecondc