人教新目標高中英語-必修三-Unit-4-單元練習題含答案

必修3Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars單元練習題第一部分：基礎練習I．詞匯1．選詞填空并用適當?shù)男问剑篸evelop,prevent,surface,disappoint,explode,float,force,publish,solid,spread,violent,astronomy1.Inthelastfiveyearsthecityhas_______outrapidlyinalldirections.2.Thathefailedthecollegeentranceexamination_______hisparentsverymuch.3.They＿＿＿＿thecanoeoutintothemiddleoftheriver.4.Thefamouswriter________alotofpopularnovelsinthat_________firm.5.The____________ofgravitymakesthingsfalltotheearth.6.Therobberkickedthedoor_______andbrokeintotheoldman'shouse.7.Nothingcanseparatethetwo,becausetheyhavea______friendshipfoundation.8.DuringWorldWarII,twoatomicbombs_______inJapan,killingalargenumberofpeople.9.Withthe______ofourcountry’seconomy,people'slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyraised.10.Morethan70%oftheearth’s_____iscoveredbywater.2．詞組識記1．依靠；取決于2.thinkof…as3．既然，由于4.studythesubjectscientifically5．摔跤6.thebeginningoflife7．向某人解釋某事8.makeitpossibleforlifetodevelop9．隨著時間的推移10.preventsb.fromdoingsth11．盼望12.theonlynaturalsatelliteoftheearth13．導致14.riseslowlyintotheair15．屏住呼吸16.makenotes17．作一次太空之旅18.knowmuchaboutsth19．爆發(fā)20.getthehangofit.II．語法1．用適當?shù)倪B詞填空：1.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand___mademattersworstwas___nightbegantofall.2.__________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.3.Itissaid__________Peterwillhaveachancetotravelabroadnextmonth.4.__________YangLiweiatehisfoodinspaceis_________wewanttoknow.5._________helostthebikeworriedhimalot.6.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_________itwas.7.__________ofyouanswersthequestioncorrectlywillbegivenaprize.8._________hedidn'tcomeyesterdayisunknown.9._________wewillgotomorrowhasn'tbeendecidedyet.10._________willbesenttohelpthemisveryimportant.2.根據(jù)中文提示翻譯下列句子：1.________________________________________（太空旅行所需的）iscarefulpreparations.2.Itwillsoonbeannounced_______________________________（誰獲得第一名）.3.______________________________________________________（楊利偉從太空中安然著陸地球）madeallChineseexitedandcheerful.4.Itisstillunknown_________________________（他什么時候入黨的）.5._________________________________________________（宇航員在太空中如何吃飯、睡覺和行走）isverystrangeandinteresting.6.__________________________________________（地球與其它行星在哪方面不同）iswhataremostinterestedin.7.Itremainsasecret__________________________（他為什么突然變卦）.8.__________________________________________(何時戰(zhàn)爭才會從世上消失)ishardtosay.9.(最令人滿意的是)______________________________wasthattheyfinishedtheworkintime.10.（怎樣提高我們的學習成績）______________________iswhatwearemostconcernedabout.III．單項填空1.Oncefighting_________betweenthetwovillagesandmanypeoplewerekilled.A.brokeoutB.wasbrokenoutC.hadbrokenoutD.hadbeenbrokenout2.TheOlympicsaretobeheldinBeijingin2019,______hasbecomeagreatencouragementtoallChinese.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.that3.Themomentthecatheardthemice_______noises,itrushedout________thedoor.A.make,fromB.making,behindC.make,frombehindD.making,frombehind4.---Howfarapartdotheylive?---_________Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighbourhood.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Assoonas5.Itwasamatterof_____wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever6.Whynotseizeit_______you’vegotsuchagoodchance?A.nowthatB.thatC.whereD.which7.Hisparentswere______atthe______newsthathefailedtheexamagain.A.disappointed,disappointingB.disappointed,disappointedC.disappointing,disappointingD.disappointing,disappointed8.____hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.A.WhenB.AsC.WhileD.Until9.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that10.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,_______wehadn’texpected.A.whenB.whatC.whichD.as11._____thebookswheretheywere______.A.Lay,layingB.Lie,lyingC.Lay,lyingD.Lie,laying12.He______atoncewhenIpromisedtohelphim.A.cheeredupB.gaveupC.lightedupD.turnedup13.Theaudienceclappedtheirhands_____tothemusic.A.intimeB.ontimeC.attimeD.behindtime14.Thereisaman_______himselfMrLiwaitingforyou.A.calledB.callsC.callingD.call15.He_____hiseyesfromhisdeskandthen____fromhisseat.A.rose,raisedB.rose,roseC.raised,raisedD.raised,rose第二部分：綜合練習I．完形填空TherewasinWashingtonapolicemanwhowasknownasthemanwhoarrestedthepresident.The_1_tookplacewhenthemanwasagreenofficer_2_atNo.1Street.Oneevening,PresidentGrant,whohadbeeninvitedtoapartyoffriends,was_3_hometomeettheengagement.The_4_,withitsfourhorses,wasrunningdownthestreetsofastthatthenewpoliceman__5_thedrivertostop.Thedriver_6__himandaskedwhatwasthe_7__.Don’tyouknowyouaredrivingaboutninetimesasfastasthelaw_8_?”saidtheofficer.“Yes,”answeredthepresident.“IsupposeIwas,_9_youspeakofit.”“Well,then,youmay_10_yourselfunderarrestandgowithmetothestationhouse.”Thereweresomemarksfromtheother_11_ofthecarriage_12_whomwasaforeignminister,butthepresidentsaid,“Themanis_13_right.”andaskedthepolicemanto_14_himselfbehindhim._15_thepolicemanheardasoftvoice,“Ionlythoughtyou_16_knowthatit’sPresident.”Theofficerwasvery_17_andbeggedthemtolethimgo,_18_thepresidentwouldhavenoneofit.Whentheyreachedthestation,thecaptainturned_19_.Apologiesweremade,butthepresident_20_onpayingtheproperfine.1.A.accidentBincidentC.accountD.affair2.AstoodBstationedCkeptwatchDdefending3.AwalkingBwanderingCrunningDhurrying4.A.carBbusCcarriageDtrain5.AbeggedBhopedCorderedDsuggested6.AagreedBacceptedClistenedDobeyed7.AmatterBthingCaffairDbusiness8.AletsBforbidsCtellsDallows9.AthoughBunlessCwhileDsince10.AdecideBguessCconsiderDtreat11.ApassengersBdriversCofficersDpolicemen12.AwithBamongCinDexcept13.A.ratherBhardlyCrarelyDperfectly14.AtoseatBtositCtostandDtoclimb15.AFortunatelyBHappilyCSuddenlyDCarefully16.AcouldBmustCoughttoDmay17AexcitedBinterestedCmovedDastonished18.AthereforeBbutCandDotherwise19.A.whiteBgreenCredDyellow20.AdemandedBaskedCrequiredDinsistedII．閱讀理解ADamagetoOzonelayerGetsWorseInthemiddleofwinter,whensnowisfallinginmanypartsoftheUnitedStates,scientistshavesoundedawarningtopeoplewhoplantospendmanyhoursinthesunthissummer.Thewarningis:Thesun’ssummertimeraysaremoredangerousthanoncethought.Ateamofscientistsfrom80nationsrecentlyreportedtotheUnitedNationsthatalayerofozone(臭氧層)intheatmosphere,whichprotectshumansfromharmfullevelsofultraviolet（紫外線）radiation,willbethinnerovertheUnitedStatesthissummer.ThethinnerlayerallowsmoreultravioletraysfromthesuntoreachEarth.Theextraamountofultravioletradiationcouldcauseanincreaseinthenumberofcasesofskincancer.Scientistsfirstbecameconcernedabouttheozonelayerinthemid-1980swhenaholewasdiscoveredinthelayeraboveAntarcticaduringthewinter.Theholewascausedbychemicalsusedinrefrigeratorsandairconditioners.Whenthesechemicalsaresentoutintotheatmosphere,theyproducegasesthatdestroytheozone.Concernabouttheprotectiveozonelayerrosemorerecentlywhendata(數(shù)據(jù))fromsatellitesandgroundstationsshowedthatozonelevelsweredroppingoverareasotherthanAntarctica.LowozonelevelswererecordedinthespringandsummerovertheUnitedStatesandoverotherpopulatedareasintheworld.Althoughmanycountrieshavealreadybegunstoppingtheuseofozonedestroyingchemicals,thenewfindingsareexpectedtoadvancethetimetableforatotalban(禁止)ofthechemicals.1.Thescientistshaveobservedtheozonelayer_____.A.since1980B.sincelastwinterCforabout20yearsD.foraboutoneyear2.Theozonelayerintheatmospherecan_____.A.doalotofgoodtohumanbeingsinmanyways.B.protecthumansfromdiseasescausedbybadweather.C.doalotofharmtohumanbeingsinthesummer-time.D.protecthumansfromharmfullevelsofultravioletradiation.3.Scientistsfirstfoundthattherewasaholeintheozonelayer_____.A.aboveArcticduringthewinterinthemid-1980sB.aboveAntarcticaduringthewinterinthemid-1980sC.oversomewhereinthenorthoftheequatorin1980D.overtheU.S.Ainthesummertimeinthemid-1980s4.Thedamagetotheozonelayerwascausedby_____.A.thechangeableweatherB.ozone-destroyingchemicalsC.chemicalsfromrefrigeratorsD.chemicalsfromairconditionersBEarlyinthemorningofJune29,1991,CarrieandMorgensternwerewatchingthefield.Althoughtheycouldseenothingthroughthethickfog,theykepttheircamerarunning.By6a.m.thefogbegantolift.Aremarkablepairofcircleshadbeenflattened.Stalks(主莖)werebentbutnotbroken.Outsidethecirclesthewheatwasuntouched.Muddythoughthefieldwas,therewerenofootprintsorothermarks.Thecirclesseemedtohavecomefromnowhere.“Ican’texplainitatall,”MikeCarriersaidtohimselfwithhiseyeswideopen.Carrierisnotalonesincetheearly1980s,morethan2019circleshaveappearedinfarmer’sfields.MostcirclesformatnightbetweenMayandAugust.Somebelievethecirclesarecausedbydeerorsomeotheranimals.OthersthinkofUFOs.“Thecirclesaremessagesgivenbythosewhocomefromouterspace,”saysMichaelGreen.“Perhapstheyaretryingtogetintouchwithus.”PatDelgadohasdoneresearchoncropcirclessince1981.Hebelievesthattheyarecausedby“someformofearthenergy.”Mostscientiststhinkthatthere’snoscientificbasistobackupGreen’sorDelgado’stheories.Someofthemsay,“Wethinkthey’renothingbuthoax(騙局).”InSeptember1991,DougBowerandDaveChorleytoldnewsmenthatsince1979theyhadmadecirclesthroughoutsouthernEnglandtofoolpeoplewhobelievedinUFOs.Sincetheearly1980s,Dr.TerenceMeadenhasvisitedmorethan1000circles.Nowhethinkshemayhavetheanswer.Hebelievestruecropcirclesaremadebyvortex(旋風)whichcanflattenthecropincircularpatterns.NowcropcirclesarestillfoundinsouthernEnglandeachsummer.AretheyreallythetracesofUFOs?5.OnthemorningofJune29,1991,CarrierandMorgensernhopedto________.A.recordtheimportantthingB.drawaconclusionC.findasecretofnatureD.seesomethingfunny6.Whenhesawthecropcircle,MikeCarriewas________.A.satisfiedB.frightenedC.surprisedDinterested7.MostscientistsconsiderthattheoriesofGreenandDelgadoare_________.AmeaningfulB.reasonableCinstructiveD.againstthelawsofscience8.Accordingtothearticlewemayknowthatallthecropcircles______.A.aremadebythosewhocomefromouterspaceB.arenothingbuthoaxesC.arenothoaxesDcanbeexplainedbyscientistsCThejourneytothemoonhadbeenthefirststeptowardfutureexploration(探險)inspace.ThedistancebetweentheMoonandEarthisveryshortindeedwhencomparedwiththedistancesbetweenEarthandtheotherplanets.Mars,thenearestplanettoEarthismillionsofmilesaway.Travelingtotheplanetswillbeman’snextaim.Suchtravelswillbemorechallengingthanthetriptothemoonandcertainlymoreadventurous.Recently,twoAmericanspaceships,Vikings1and2,landedonMarstryingtodiscoverwhetherthatplanethasanylifeonit.SofarthesignsoflifeonMarshasneitherconfirmed(確認)norruledout.RussianshavediscoveredthatthesurfaceofVenus(金星)issohotthatitisalmostcertainthatthereisnolifethere.AlsotheatmosphereofVenusisextremelydense(稠)andthepressureisnearlyahundredtimesgreaterthanthatoftheEarth’satmosphere.ScientistsbelievemanmayfindplanetswhichhavethesameconditionsasthosewehaveonEarth,butmanshouldrealizeEarthwillbehisonlyhomeforalongtimeandbegintoloveandcareforit.9.Accordingtothepassage,travelingtotheplanetswillbe________.A.mucheasierandevenmoreinterestingB.farmoreexcitinganddangerousC.man’sfinalaimD.man’sfirststep10.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?A.Marsisnearertotheearththanthemoon.B.ThemoonismuchnearertotheearththanMars.C.Ofalltheplanets,Marsisthenearesttotheearth.D.Alltheplanetsaremuchfarthertotheearth.11.Fromthepassage,wecanguess_____.A.thereislifeonMarsB.thereisnolifeonMarsC.theatmosphereofMarsisnotsodenseasthatofVenusD.scientistswillhavelittlehopetofindtheanswers12.Mancanliveonundertheconditionsof_______.AmuchtoohotsurfaceB.thesamepressureaswegetonearthC.normalatmosphereaswehaveonearthD.bothBandCDUnlesswespendmoneytospotandpreventasteroids(小行星)now,onemightcrashintoEarthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysomescientists.Asteroidsarebiggerversionsofthemeteoroids(流星)thatraceacrossthenightsky.MostorbitthesunfarfromEarthanddon’tthreatenus.ButtherearealsothousandsofasteroidswhoseorbitsputthemonacollisioncoursewithEarth.Buy$50millionworthofnewtelescopesrightnow,Thenspend$10millionayearforthenext25yearstolocatemostofthespacerocks.Bythetimewespotafatalone,thescientistssay,we’llhaveawaytochangeitscourse.Somescientistsfavorpushingasteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.Butthecostwouldn’tbecheap.Isitworthit?Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyriskare:1)Howlikelytheeventis;2)Howbadtheconsequencesiftheeventoccurs.ExpertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflifemightstrikeEarthonceevery500000years.Soundsprettyrare-butifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld.“Ifwedon’ttakecareofthesebigasteroids,they’lltakecareofus,”saysonescientist.“It’sthatsimple.”Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.DowereallywantfleetsofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?“Theworldhaslesstofearfromdoomsday(毀滅性的)rocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleetsetagainstthem,”saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.13.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutasteroidsandmeteoroids?_________.A.TheyareheavenlybodiesdifferentincompositionB.TheyareheavenlybodiessimilarinnatureC.ThesearemoreasteroidsthanmeteoroidsD.Asteroidsaremoremysteriousthanmeteoroids14.WhatdoscientistssayaboutthecollisionofanasteroidwithEarth?_______.AItisunlikelybutthedangerexistsB.Suchacollisionmightoccuronceevery25yearsC.CollisionofsmallerasteroidswithEarthoccurmoreoftenthanexpectedD.It’sstilltooearlytosaywhethersuchacollisionmightoccur15.Whatdopeoplethinkofthesuggestionofusingnuclearweaponstoalterthecourseofasteroids?_______.A.ItsoundspracticalbutitmaynotsolvetheproblemB.ItmaycreatemoreproblemsthanitmightsolveC.ItisawasteofmoneybecauseacollisionofasteroidswithEarthisveryunlikelyD.Furtherresearchshouldbedonebeforeitisprovedapplicable16.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.A.whilepushingasteroidsoffcoursenuclearweaponswoulddestroytheworldB.asteroidsracingacrossthenightskyarelikelytohitEarthinthenearfutureC.theworryaboutasteroidscanbelefttofuturegenerationssinceitisunlikelytohappeninourlifetimeD.workablesolutionsstillhavetobefoundtopreventacollisionofasteroidswithEarthIII．單句改錯1.Measuresshouldbetakentostoptheriverfrombeingpolluting.2.Thegardenerexplainedusthedevelopmentofaseedintoaplant.3.Theaudienceexplodedlaughterwhilelisteningtothecrosstalk.4.Thestrengthoftheexplosionbrokeallthewindowsinthebuilding.5.Aviolencestormstruckourtownandcausedseriousdamageyesterday.6.Thebirdwasluckyenoughtoescapefromfired.7.Havinglearntthetext,weknowmanymoreaboutgravity.8.Someanimalsproducetheiryoungfromtheirbodies.9.Heseemsthathehasworkedinsalesforseveralyears.10.Languageshavedevelopedforalongperiodoftime.IV．句子翻譯1．當SARS爆發(fā)時，突然的恐懼迅速地彌漫全國。(breakout)2.只要更努力，你終久會成功。(intime)3．他們盡力使那些遭遇地震不幸的人們高興起來。(cheerup)4．我們應該想辦法防止有害氣體的蔓延。(prevent…from)5．她發(fā)現(xiàn)河面上有奇怪的東西浮著，這使她感到非常害怕。(float)6．運動員沒有聽從教練員的指令，結果使他打贏比賽的計劃落空。（disappoint）7．隨后它會變成什么曾經(jīng)是一個迷,直到最后這團塵埃開始慢慢地合成一個環(huán)繞太陽運轉的球狀物。（combineinto）8．在未來的千百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)將取決于這個問題能否得到解決。9．有些奇怪的動物會生蛋，但又給它的幼崽喂奶。(layeggs)10．當對他們有害的動物消失時，哺乳動物便快速繁殖。(multiply)必修4Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars答案第一部分：基礎練習I．詞匯1．選詞填空1.spread2.disappointed3.floated,4.published,publishing5.force6.violently7.solid8.exploded9.development10.surface2．詞組識記1.dependon2.把……當／看作3.nowthat4.科學地研究這門學科5.fallover6.生命的起源7.explainsthtosb8.使生命有可能進化9.withtimepassingby／goingby/astimewent/passedby10.阻止某人做某事11.lookforwardto12.地球唯一的自然衛(wèi)星13.leadto/resultin14.慢慢