全新版綜合大學(xué)英語4

TheLaborParty,selectoralstrategy,whichwasbasedonatacticalalliance（聯(lián)盟）withotherminorparties,hasprovedsuccessful.勞動黨的選擇策略已經(jīng)證明是成功地，這個策略主張和其他的小黨派組成一個策略聯(lián)盟Thegovernmenttroopsrecapturedthecityfromtherebelsatthecostof（以…為代價）twothousandcasualties.政府軍以二千人傷亡的代價從叛軍手中奪回了這座城市。Bystroke（一擊，輕微）ofgoodluckGenelle,whohadbeenburiedintherubbleformorethan26hours,cameoutalive.Genlle是僥幸的，被掩埋在廢墟中超過26小時，活著出來了。Mybrotherwasn,tbadlyhurt,butheinjuredhislegandhadtolimp（一瘸一拐地走）aroundforafewweeks.我弟弟傷得不重，但傷了腿，不得不一瘸一拐地走上幾個星期Theaircraftwassubjectedtoatestoftemperaturesofminus（零下，減）65degreesCelsiusandplus120degrees.飛行物要能承受零下65度和120多度溫度的考驗Taxincentivescombinedwithcheaplaborwillattractcompaniestothewesternregions（地區(qū)）ofourcountryawayfromtheeastcoast.有廉價勞動力的稅收刺激將吸引更多的公司到我國遠(yuǎn)離東海岸的西部地區(qū)Tomysurprise,theopeningspeechessoundedmorelikedeclaration（宣布。宣言）ofwarthanofferingsofpeace.令我吃驚的是，開幕式聽起來更像是宣戰(zhàn)，而不是提出和平。Afterathree-daysiege（圍困）bythepolice,theterroristswhohadseizedtherestauranthadtogivein.在被警察圍困了三天后，占領(lǐng)飯店的恐怖分子不得不放棄Oncewesteppedofftheplaneandontotheprairie,weweregreetedbyagustofraw（生的，陰冷的）andbitingwind.我們走出飛機(jī)踏上草原的那一刻，迎面而來的是一陣寒冷刺骨的風(fēng)。Beingyoungandimpatient,theyareinclinedtodashintothejawsofdangerwhereanexperiencedfightermightbidehistime（等待時機(jī)）.因為年輕又沒有耐心，他們傾向于沖向狹窄的入口，那兒有經(jīng)驗的戰(zhàn)士正在等待時機(jī)。Theharassingbudgetproblemsofthepastfewmonthshavetakentheirtoll（造成損失）onherhealthandthereareshadowsbeneathhereyes.過去幾個月的預(yù)算對他的健康造成了影響。Workerswhohavetoworkonweekendsarepaidtwicethenormalwages.Andintheeaseofnationalholidays,theygettriplepay.那些不得不在周末工作的工人被支付兩倍的工資。就國家節(jié)日而言，他們能得到三倍的工資。BeforeAnglo-Americanwestwardexpansion（擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展）,therewerealreadyanumberofsettlementsinthemid-West.在英美向西擴(kuò)張，已經(jīng)有一些在中西部定居。Weareconfidentthatintroductionofa（n）automated（使自動化）assemblylinewilleliminatemostoftoday’shumanerrors.我們相信，引入了一個自動裝配線將消除今天的大多數(shù)人類的錯誤Warmerairisabletoholdmorewatervapo（汽，霧，蒸汽）thancoldairandsohasahigherhumidity.溫暖的空氣可以容納更多的水蒸氣比冷空氣，因此具有較高的濕度。InmostcommunitiesintheUnitedStates,thelocalAmericanRedCrosschapterhasbeenauthorizedtotakecontrolof（控制）certainlocalpublicbuildingsintimesofemergency.在美國的大多數(shù)社區(qū)，當(dāng)?shù)氐募t十字分會已經(jīng)被授權(quán)愛緊急狀況下使用當(dāng)?shù)氐哪承┕步ㄖ?。Trafficcontrolestablishesasetofrulesandinstructionsthatdrivers,pilots,trainengineers,andshipcaptainsrelyontoavoidcollisionsandotherhazards（危害，危險）.交通控制建立了一套規(guī)則和指令，駕駛員、駕駛員、火車工程師和船長依靠以避免碰撞和其他危險。Inthepastfewdecadessincethelaunchingofthefirstartificialsatellite（衛(wèi)星）in1957,thousandsof“man-mademoons”havebeenrocketedintotheEarth,sorbit,eachdesignedtoserveaspecificpurposeormission.自1957年發(fā)射第一顆人造衛(wèi)星以來過去的幾十年，數(shù)千“人造衛(wèi)星”已經(jīng)飆升到了地球的軌道，每個設(shè)計服務(wù)于特定的目的或任務(wù)。Inthundercrashedsonearthehousethattheglassvibrated（振動，顫動）inthewindows,andsomebooks,whichhadsatonthewindowsillfelltothefloor.雷聲大作，距離房子太近，以至于窗上的玻璃都振動了，原本在窗臺上的一些書掉到了地上Radiotelescopeshaveprovidedvaluableinformationaboutotherstarsandaboutthemagnetic（磁的，有磁的）fieldsofotherplanetsinoursolarsystem,especiallyJupiters.無線電天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡提供了寶貴的資料和其他恒星的磁場在我們的太陽系的領(lǐng)域，尤其是木星的Atthebeginningoftherace,therunnerswerebunched（使成一束）togetheronthetrack,butlatersomeofthemgotaheadandlefttheothersbehind.在比賽的開始，選手們在跑道上擠在一起，但是到后來，他們當(dāng)中有些人跑到前面，把其他人甩在后邊Fromthecontroltower,airtrafficcontrollersaircraftmovementbothintheair（空氣中，在空中）andontheground.在控制塔上，空中交通控制員協(xié)調(diào)飛機(jī)在空中和地面上的移動情況FurthertroublesdevelopedintheOctober1995whenthetaperecorderintheorbiterGalileoget/wasstuckin（停留，被阻塞）the“rewind”positionfor15hours,wearingoutasectionofthetape.1995年10月，更進(jìn)一步的麻煩出現(xiàn)了，當(dāng)時人造衛(wèi)星伽利略號上的磁帶錄音機(jī)被卡在了“倒帶”的位置達(dá)15小時，把一部分磁帶給搞壞了In1987,atthebeginningofthereformperiod,approximately（近似，大概）11000Chinesestudentswentabroadtopursuefurtherstudies.1987，在改革初期，約11000中國學(xué)生赴海外深造。Thewaitresswassorude（粗魯?shù)?；不禮貌的）thatJanedidn,ttipher.女服務(wù)員很粗魯，簡沒有給她小費。Racingtakeseverythingyou’vegot---intellectually,emotionally,andphysically（身體上）.賽馬會耗掉你擁有的一切，智力上的，情感上的和體力上的Althoughthestructure（構(gòu)造，結(jié)構(gòu)）ofthebuildinghasn,tsuffered,thesurfaceisbadlydamaged.盡管建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)沒有被損害，表面還是被嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了Shereceivedanincreaseinpayandithasmadeadifference（改變現(xiàn)狀或前景；產(chǎn)生影響）inherattitudetowardswork.她漲了工資，這對她的工作態(tài)度有影響Sheappearedverynervousoneevening.!askedherwhatwaswrong,andsheblurted（out）（未加思索的沖口說出）thatshehadfalleninlovewithPhil.一天晚上，她顯得很緊張，我問她怎么了，她脫口而出說出她已經(jīng)愛上菲爾了。IlookedatTom,spicturesandfoundsomeofthemsoamusingandfunnythatIcouldn,thelpchuckling（咯咯的笑）.我看著湯姆的照片，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的一些人如此有趣和滑稽，我忍不住笑了Yourgoalshavetobemeasurabl（可測量的）soyou/llknowwhenyouaremakingprogress.你的目標(biāo)必須是可衡量的，這樣你會知道當(dāng)你正在進(jìn)步。Salespeopleoftentrytolearnabouttheneedsoftheprospective（可能成為的，預(yù)期的）buyertomakethemselvesmorepersuasive.銷售員常常努力了解潛在客戶的要求，以使自己的言辭更具說服力Wehaveonlyfivemonthstomakepreparations（準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)期）forthetriptotheSouthPole.我們只有5個月的時間來準(zhǔn)備南極之旅。Prof.Lee/seyessparkled（顯露，閃爍）withenthusiasmasshetalkedabouthowhernewteachingmethodworkedinherCollegeEnglishclass.李教授談到她的新教學(xué)法如何應(yīng)用于大學(xué)英語課堂時，她的眼睛里閃爍著激情的光芒。。InmysenioryearItookacrackat（嘗試）writingworkinganovel,butwithoutmuchsuccess.在大學(xué)的最后一年，我試圖寫一本小說，但是沒有取得成功。Toreduceweight,IamnowlearningtopaygolfwithmybusinesspartneK搭檔，同伙）,whoplayslikeaprofessional.為了減肥，我現(xiàn)在正跟我的一個商業(yè)伙伴學(xué)打高爾夫，他的球打得像個職業(yè)選手Thegeneralorderedhistroopstomovequicklytowardsa（n）advantageous有利的;有益于）position.將軍命令他的部隊快速轉(zhuǎn)向一個有利位置。Peoplewouldthinktheseven-year-oidcouldn,tevenreachthepedalsletalone（更不用說）drivethecar.Nevertheless,hemadeit.人們會認(rèn)為七歲甚至不能夠到踏板更不用說開車。然而，他做到了。Inasense,wearewitnessing（目擊）thevanishing（突然不見；不復(fù)存在）ofnationboardersinmanyareasofeconomicactivityintheworldtoday.從某種意義上說，我們正親眼見證國家邊界正在當(dāng)今世界許多經(jīng)濟(jì)活動中消失Thetowerbuiltatthetunofthecenturybecamealandmark（有重大意義的）ofthecity.在世紀(jì)之交建造的這座塔成為這座城市標(biāo)志Inabookentitled（給...提名，給…取名）AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything,BillBrysontriestoigniteapassionforknowledgeinyoungreaders.在名為《萬物簡史》的書中，比爾?布萊森激勵激發(fā)青年讀者的求知熱情Itseemsneuroscience（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)）isthreateningtodisplace（替代）physicsasthequeenofthescience.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)似乎威脅到了物理學(xué)，會取而代之成為“科學(xué)之后”。ItisonlynaturalforthepeopletochallengetheEstablishment當(dāng)權(quán)派）especiallywhentheeconomicoutlookisgloomy.挑戰(zhàn)當(dāng)權(quán)者只是人們的天性，尤其是當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)前景黯淡之時Ifanything,thismovieappealstothepatriotic（愛國的）feelingsofthepeopleandhelpstostrengthennationalunity.如果這部電影有什么作用的話，那就是它喚醒了人民的愛國情感并有助于加強(qiáng)國家的統(tǒng)一"oJuliusCaesarinthisplayidasamanfullofcontradictions（矛盾，不一致）attimesstrongandconfident,butatothertimesoldandfrail.在這個劇中，尤里烏斯?凱撒是一個充滿矛盾的人，有些時候堅強(qiáng)和自信，但是有些時候卻老氣和脆弱Thenewlylaunchedwebsiteaspires（渴望得至U）tocreateavirtualcommunityofcommoninterestviaexchangeofviewsonthefutureoftheInternet.新推出的網(wǎng)站希望通過對未來的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交換意見創(chuàng)建一個虛擬的利益共同體WhatAnnadvocatesjustshoeshowdivorced（使分離，離婚）fromrealityshehasbecome.安所提倡的恰好表明了她已經(jīng)變得多么脫離現(xiàn)實Afterinvestigatingthebehaviorofpendulums（鐘擺，擺），Galileowasabletousethemastimemeasurementdevicesinmanyofhisexperiments.在觀察了鐘擺的動作以后，伽利略能夠在他的很多試驗中用鐘擺作為時間測量裝置攻勢已經(jīng)持續(xù)了三天，但是我們并沒有取得多少進(jìn)展。師長命令我們營夜晚繞到敵人后方發(fā)起突襲。然而。要繞到敵人后方，我們必須越過一片沼澤地。我們很多人擔(dān)心會陷入泥潭之中。我們營長決定冒一下險。所幸由于寒冷天氣沼澤地都結(jié)上了冰，我們與天亮前到達(dá)目的地并從敵人后方發(fā)起進(jìn)攻。這一下扭轉(zhuǎn)了局勢。敵人沒有戒備，不久后便投降了。Theoffensivehadlastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuchground.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyatnightandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todothiswehavetocrossamarshland,andmanyofuswereafraidwemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakeagamble.Luckilyenough,thankstotheseverelycoldweatherwhichhadmadethemarshlandfreezeover,wearrivedourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thishadturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.汽車自從發(fā)明以來使交通運輸發(fā)生了革命性的變化，永遠(yuǎn)地改變了人們的生活、旅行和辦事的方式。但另一方面，也帶來了危害，尤其是公路死亡事故，然而，現(xiàn)今由于計算機(jī)技術(shù)和電子傳感器的使用，有可能消除發(fā)生的大多數(shù)交通事故。例如，裝在你汽車上的電子傳感器能檢測到空氣中的酒精霧汽并拒絕啟動引擎，同樣，傳感器還能通過接受在軌道上運行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的信號監(jiān)測路況并大大減少你陷入交通擁堵的可能性。Automobileshave,sincetheirinvention,revolutionizedtransportation,changingforeverthewaypeopletravel,anddobusiness.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebroughthazards,especiallyhighwayfatalities.However,todaytheapplicationofcomputertechnologyandelectronicsensorsindesigningandmanufacturingcarsmakesitpossibletoeliminatemostoftrafficaccidents.Forexample,electronicsensorsmountedinyourcarcandetectalcoholvaporintheairandrefusetostartuptheengine.Theycanalsomonitorroadconditionsbyreceivingradiosignalssentoutfromorbitingsatellitesandgreatlyreduceyourchancesofgettingstuckintrafficjams.常言道，好的開端是成功的一半。在求職時，求職者事先做好充足的準(zhǔn)備是非常重要的。我認(rèn)為，事先做不做準(zhǔn)備顯然會影響求職者的成功機(jī)會。我的一位朋友在一家大型計算機(jī)軟件公司供職，年薪十萬美元左右。他根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷告訴我說，那些面試未來雇員的具有錄取決定權(quán)的人喜歡有充分準(zhǔn)備的人。那些沒有在了解未來雇主方面盡全力的人很難有成功的希望。Wellbegun,halfdone,asthesayinggoes.Itisextremelyimportantforajobapplicanttodohishomeworkwhileseekingemployment.Frommystandpoint,whetherornotonehasdonehishomeworkclearlymakesadifferenceinhischanceofsuccess.Ihaveafriendwhoisearningsomewhereintheneighborhoodof100,000dollarsayearinalargecomputersoftwarecompany.Hetoldmethatfromhisownexperiencethedecisionmakerswhointerviewprospectiveemployeeslikepeoplewhoarewellprepared.Thosewhomakenoendeavortolearnasmuchabouthisprospectiveemployeraspossibledon’thavemuchofachanceofsuccess.全球化對中國年輕人具有重大影響。例如，年輕的農(nóng)民正在大規(guī)模流向城市尋找工作。而對那些想出國深造或進(jìn)外企工作的年輕人來說，英語學(xué)習(xí)變得越來越重要。另一方面，許多海外學(xué)子近年來回歸祖國，因為他們看好中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期增長前景。因特網(wǎng)加強(qiáng)了中國年輕人和其他地方年輕人的聯(lián)系。他們跟蹤調(diào)查最新潮流，模仿外國的時尚。他們中一些人似乎不在乎中國的傳統(tǒng)美德，更不要說發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，這使得有人憂慮中國傳統(tǒng)文化會不會有一天終將消失。GlobalizationhasgreatimplicationsforyoungChinese.Forexample,youngfarmersaremovingonalargescaletourbanareasforjobs.Andforthoseyoungpeoplewhoaspiretostudyabroadorworkinforeign-investedenterprises,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Atthesametime,aconsiderablenumberofoverseasChinesehavereturnedhomeinrecentyears,fortheyholdanoptimisticoutlookforthelong-termgrowthoftheChineseeconomy.TheInternethasstrengthenedthelinksbetweenChineseyoungpeopleandthoseelsewhere.Theyfollowthelatesttrendscancopyforeignfashions.Someofthemdon'tseemtocarefortraditionalChinesevirtues,letalonecarrythemforward,whichhasgivenrisetoworriesthatthetraditionalChineseculturemightonedayvanish.Inthe21stcentury,cloudsandstormyweathernolongerautomaticallybringoperationstoahaltorforceachangeintargets（目標(biāo)）.TechnologiessuchastheGlobalPositioningSystemnowallowcruisemissiles（巡航導(dǎo)彈）andothersmartweaponstohomeinon（瞄準(zhǔn)并飛速接近）theirtargets.Buttheweatherstillisafactorthatmustbereckonedwith,especiallywithprecision-guidedweaponsthatmustbehighlyaccurate（高度精確）tobeeffective.Fortunately,theabilitytoobtainweatherforecastswillgetbetter.Inthenextfewyears,remoteweathersensors（傳感器）willgrowrapidlyonunmannedvehicles.Thiswillcreateanetworkofobservingplatformsthatwillgivecommandersaninstantoverviewofweatherinthebattlezone（戰(zhàn)場）.Insomeareasyou'llhavedirectdeliveryofweatherinformationstraightfromthecomputestoblackboxesinaircraftandothervehicles.Thatwillbeespeciallyimportantfortarget-boundaircraft（瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)的飛行器）.Suchtechnologywillgivewhoeverpossessitatremendousedge（優(yōu)勢）overtheirenemyandenablethemtousedevelopingweatherconditionstotheiradvantage.Aswegetsuperiorsatellitesintospace,we'llgainhugeadvantagesinobservingmeteorologicalconditionsindeniedareas（盲區(qū)）,wherewedon'thavepeopleontheground.Andourmodelingabilitywillcontinuetoimproveasourcomputersgetmorepowerful.Thepast10yearshavewitnessedarevolutioninourcommunicationsandcomputerabilities.It'sexcitingtothinkofwhatthenext10yearswillbring.Theautomobileindustry（汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)）isoneofthemostimportantindustriesintheworld,affectingnotonlytheeconomybutalsotheculturesoftheworld.Itprovidesjobsformillionsofpeople,generatesbillionsofdollarsinworldwiderevenues（稅收）,andprovidesthebasisforalargenumberofrelatedserviceandsupportindustries.Automobilesrevolutionizedtransportationinthe20thcentury,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travel,anddobusiness.Theautomobilehasenabled（使能夠）peopletotravelandtransportgoodsfartherandfaster,andhasopenedupnewmarketopportunitiesforbusinessandcommerce（商業(yè)）.Theautoindustryhasalsodecreasedtheoverall（全部的）costsoftransportationbyusingmethodssuchasmassproduction,massmarketing,andglobalizationofproduction.Today,automakingistheworld’slargestmanufacturingactivity（制造業(yè)）,withmorethan53millionnewvehicles（車輛）builteachyearworldwide.Asaresulteasierandfastertransportation,theUnitedStatesandworldeconomieshavebecomedependentonthemobility（機(jī)動性）thatautomobiles,trucksandbusesprovide.Thismobilityhasallowedremotepopulationstointeractwith（互相影響）oneanother,which,inturn,hasincreasedcommerce.Thetransportationofgoodstoconsumersandconsumerstogoodshasbecomeanindustryinitself.However,theautomobilehasalsocausedsomeproblems,suchasairpollution,congested（堵塞的）traffic,andincreasedhighwayfacilities.Nevertheless,theautomobileindustrycontinuestobeanimportantsourceofemploymentformillionsofpeopleworldwide.Whenyougetaninvitation（邀請）toajobinterview,youarehalfway（中途的）towardyourgoal----ajoboffer.Nomatterhowmanyencouragingresponsesyouhavegottentoyourjobinquiryletters,withrareexceptionsyouwillnotgetajobofferwithoutaninterview.Gotothelibrarytofindallrelevantinformationaboutthecompanyand,ifyoucan,onthepersonwhowillinterviewyou.Havematerialwithyouthattheemployermightaskfor----samplesofyourwork,namesandaddressesofreferences（推薦信），extracopiesofyourresume（個人簡歷）.Anemploymentmanagerforamajorconstructioncompanyoffersthisadvice.“Ifit'sobviousyouhaven'tspentanytimepreparingfortheinterview----thatis,youdon'tknowwhatthecompanydoes,whereitdoesit,whatkindsofjobsithas----thendon'texpectthecompanytotakeyouvery“seriously.”Prior（優(yōu)先的）toaninterviewtheemployerhasprobablyseenyourresumeandperhapstalkedwithyouonthephone.Whatemployerslookforininterviewsiswhatyoumightcallpersonalchemistry----howyoulookandact,whetheryouexhibit（