初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法課件專題六形容詞與副詞

專題六形容詞與副詞一、形容詞和副詞的語(yǔ)法功能1.形容詞的語(yǔ)法功能。功能說(shuō)明例句定語(yǔ)名詞前或不定代詞后作定語(yǔ)①M(fèi)rWangisafunny

teacher.王老師是一位有趣的老師。②Ihavesomething

importanttosay.我有重要的事情要說(shuō)。表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)It’sverycoldtoday.今天非常冷。功能說(shuō)明例句賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)keep,make,leave等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)①Don’tkeepthewindowopen.別讓窗戶開著。②Aliceoftenmakesushappy.艾麗斯經(jīng)常讓我們高興。2.副詞的語(yǔ)法功能。作狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞,常位于被修飾詞的前面;Billisverytall.比爾非常高。修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般位于被修飾的動(dòng)詞之后Hejumpshigh.他跳得高。位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子Luckily,hewonthegame.幸運(yùn)的是,他贏得了比賽。作定語(yǔ)一般位于被修飾詞之后Theboythereneedsapen.那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。作表語(yǔ)放在系動(dòng)詞之后Imustbeoffnow.現(xiàn)在我必須離開了?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.Theboylooked____(sadness)becausehedidn’tpasshismathsexam.2.Mom,I’mvery______(thank)forallyourlove.3.Thestorybookisvery______(interest);I’mvery_____(interest)init.4.RunningManisapopularshowthesedays.Somewell-knownstarschallengethemselves_______(brave)tofinishallkindsoftasksinit.5.Ifelloffthebikeonmywaytoschool.______(luck),Iwasn’thurt.答案:1.sad

2.thankful

3.interesting;interested4.bravely

5.Luckily二、形容詞與副詞的變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則示例一致fast;early;high;hard;late;far;wide直接加lycareful→carefully

quiet→quietlydifferent→differently變le為lypossible→possibly

terrible→terriblycomfortable→comfortably gentle→gentlysimple→simply變y為ilyeasy→easily

angry→angrilynoisy→noisily happy→happilyheavy→heavily healthy→healthily去e加lytrue→truly【即學(xué)活用】1.Look!Thechildrenareflyingkites__________(happy)ontheplayground.2.IwasverysadthatIdid__________(terrible)inthefinalexams.3.Thekidssat__________(quiet)listeningtotheirteacher.4.Iam__________(true)sorryaboutit.5.Itrained__________(heavy)lastnight.答案:1.happily

2.terribly

3.quietly

4.truly

5.heavily三、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)1.原級(jí)句型。句型例句(1)“as+形容詞原級(jí)+as”,在否定句中用“notso...as”結(jié)構(gòu)LucyisnotsotallasLily.露西不如莉莉高。(2)倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級(jí)+asOurschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.我們的學(xué)校是他們的三倍大。2.比較級(jí)句型。用法例句(1)雙方比較,表示一方超過(guò)另一方時(shí),用“比較級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)ChinaislargerthanItaly.中國(guó)比意大利大。(2)用于“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”(注意此結(jié)構(gòu)不用于單音節(jié)詞)Thebookislessinterestingthanthatone.這本書不如那本書有趣。(3)倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+thanTheboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個(gè)箱子是那個(gè)的三倍大。用法例句(4)“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”O(jiān)urcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.我們的國(guó)家正變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。(5)“the+比較級(jí)……,the+比較級(jí)……”表示“越……,就越……”Themore,thebetter.多多益善。(6)the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.兩個(gè)男孩中,較高的那一個(gè)是我的哥哥。3.最高級(jí)句型。用法例句(1)the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。(2)“oneofthe+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示“最……之一”KobeisoneofthebestbasketballplayersinNBA.科比是NBA最好的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一?！緶剀疤崾尽?1)修飾比較級(jí)常用的詞和短語(yǔ)主要有:much,even,any,yet,far,alot,alittle,abit,twice,fivetimes,manytimes等。例如:Areyoufeelinganybettertoday?你今天感覺好些了嗎?HeistenyearsolderthanI.他比我大十歲。HespeaksChinesealotbetterthanbefore.他說(shuō)中文比以前好多了。(2)比較級(jí)要避免與自身進(jìn)行比較,若比較的對(duì)象屬于同一范圍要用“比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞”或“比較級(jí)+thananyone/anybody/anythingelse”表示“比其他的任何……都……”。例如:LinTaoistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.林濤比他班里的其他學(xué)生都高。Jackstudiesharderthananyoneelseinhisclass.杰克比班上其他的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)刻苦?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.Emmalookedafterherpetdog_______(careful)ofallherfriends.2.Ijumped________(high)thanBillinthesportsmeetlastyear.3.—Whosehomeis__________(far)fromschool,Alice’sorDaisy’s?—Alice’s,Ithink.4.—Whataclearbluesky!—Yes,Ihaveneverseena________(beautiful)sk