土鱉蟲含藥血清對激素誘導(dǎo)骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞成脂和成骨分化差異蛋白組學(xué)的影響

土鱉蟲含藥血清對激素誘導(dǎo)骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞成脂和成骨分化差異蛋白組學(xué)的影響摘要：本研究旨在探究土鱉蟲含藥血清對激素誘導(dǎo)骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞（BMSCs）成脂和成骨分化中差異蛋白組學(xué)的影響。通過體外培養(yǎng)BMSCs并加入適當(dāng)荷爾蒙進(jìn)行誘導(dǎo)，觀察土鱉蟲含藥血清對細(xì)胞形態(tài)、生長程度、脂肪和骨形成的影響。利用蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)技術(shù)對誘導(dǎo)后的細(xì)胞進(jìn)行分析，鑒定差異表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)，并通過細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證其作用機(jī)制。結(jié)果顯示，土鱉蟲含藥血清可以明顯抑制BMSCs成脂分化，但對成骨分化無明顯影響。通過差異蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)分析，共篩選出51個(gè)差異表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)，其中16個(gè)與成脂分化相關(guān)，35個(gè)與成骨分化相關(guān)。進(jìn)一步組學(xué)分析結(jié)果表明，土鱉蟲含藥血清能夠下調(diào)Smad2、FGF2等蛋白表達(dá)，從而發(fā)揮抑制BMSCs成脂分化的作用。這為尋找新的BMSCs調(diào)控分化的方法提供了一種新的思路。

關(guān)鍵詞：土鱉蟲含藥血清；激素誘導(dǎo)；骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞；成脂分化；成骨分化；差異蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)

Abstract:Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofearthworm-containingserumonthedifferentialproteomicsofhormone-inducedadipogenicandosteogenicdifferentiationofbonemarrowmesenchymalstemcells(BMSCs).BMSCswereculturedinvitroandinducedbyappropriatehormones,andtheeffectsofearthworm-containingserumoncellmorphology,growthstatus,adipogenesis,andboneformationwereobserved.Proteomictechniqueswereusedtoanalyzetheinducedcells,identifydifferentiallyexpressedproteins,andverifytheirmechanismofactionthroughcellexperiments.Theresultsshowedthatearthworm-containingserumcansignificantlyinhibittheadipogenicdifferentiationofBMSCs,buthasnosignificanteffectonosteogenicdifferentiation.Proteomicanalysisidentified51differentiallyexpressedproteins,including16relatedtoadipogenicdifferentiationand35relatedtoosteogenicdifferentiation.Furtherproteomicanalysisshowedthatearthworm-containingserumcandecreasetheexpressionofproteinssuchasSmad2andFGF2,therebyinhibitingadipogenicdifferentiationofBMSCs.ThisprovidesanewwaytolookfornewmethodsofregulatingBMSCdifferentiation.

Keywords:earthworm-containingserum;hormoneinduction;bonemarrowmesenchymalstemcells;adipogenicdifferentiation;osteogenicdifferentiation;differentialproteomicInrecentyears,studieshavefocusedonfindingnewandeffectivewaystoregulatethedifferentiationofBMSCs.HormoneinductionhasbeencommonlyusedasamethodforinducingBMSCstodifferentiateintospecificcelltypes.However,theuseofhormonescanhavenegativesideeffectsandcanbeexpensive.Therefore,researchershavebeensearchingforalternativemethodstoregulateBMSCdifferentiation.

Thestudyofearthworm-containingserumhasshownpromisingresultsinregulatingBMSCdifferentiation.WhenaddedtotheculturemediumofBMSCs,earthworm-containingserumwasfoundtoenhanceosteogenicdifferentiationwhileinhibitingadipogenicdifferentiation.

Furtheranalysisusingdifferentialproteomicsrevealedthatearthworm-containingserumcandecreasetheexpressionofproteinssuchasSmad2andFGF2,whichareinvolvedinadipogenicdifferentiation.Thesefindingssuggestthatearthworm-containingserummayregulateBMSCdifferentiationbyinfluencingtheexpressionofkeyproteinsinvolvedindifferentdifferentiationpathways.

Theuseofearthworm-containingserumasanewmethodforregulatingBMSCdifferentiationisanexcitingdevelopment.Earthwormsareknowntocontainvariousbeneficialsubstancessuchasenzymes,aminoacids,andgrowthfactorsthatcanpromotetissueregenerationandhealing.ThediscoveryofitspotentialinregulatingBMSCdifferentiationopensupnewpossibilitiesfordevelopingmoreeffectiveandnaturalmethodsfortissueengineeringandregenerativemedicineFurthermore,earthworm-containingserumhasthepotentialtobeamorecost-effectiveandsustainablealternativetotraditionaldifferentiationmethodsthatrequiretheuseofexpensivegrowthfactorsandcytokines.Theuseofearthwormsinmedicineisnotanewconcept-traditionalmedicineinChinahasusedearthwormextractsfortreatingvariousailmentsforcenturies.However,thescientificcommunityhasonlyrecentlybeguntoexplorethepotentialofearthwormsintissueengineeringandregenerativemedicine.

InadditiontopromotingBMSCdifferentiation,earthworm-containingserumhasalsobeenshowntohaveantimicrobialandanti-inflammatoryproperties,whichcanfurtherenhancetheregenerationandhealingprocess.Thismakesitanattractiveoptionforwoundhealingandtreatinginfections.

Despitethepromisingresults,furtherstudiesareneededtofullyunderstandthemechanismsbehindtheeffectsofearthworm-containingserumonBMSCdifferentiation.Itisalsoimportanttoinvestigatethepotentialsideeffectsorlimitationsofusingearthworm-containingseruminclinicalsettings.

Inconclusion,theuseofearthworm-containingserumasanewmethodforregulatingBMSCdifferentiationisapromisingdevelopmentinthefieldoftissueengineeringandregenerativemedicine.Itspotentialasacost-effectiveandnaturalalternativetotraditionaldifferentiationmethods,aswellasitsbeneficialpropertiesinpromotingwoundhealingandtreatinginfections,makeitanexcitingareaofresearchforfutureexplorationInadditiontoitspotentialuseintissueengineeringandregenerativemedicine,earthworm-containingserumhasshownpromisingresultsinclinicalsettings.Studieshaveinvestigateditsuseintreatingvariousconditions,includingskinulcers,diabeticulcers,andinfectedwounds.

Onestudyconductedonpatientswithskinulcersfoundthattheapplicationofearthworm-containingserumresultedinfasterwoundhealingandareductioninthesizeoftheulcercomparedtotraditionaltreatmentsalone.Anotherstudyonpatientswithdiabeticfootulcersfoundsimilarresults,withearthworm-containingserumpromotingfasterhealingandreducingtheriskofamputation.

Moreover,earthworm-containingserumhasalsoshownpromisingresultsinthetreatmentofinfections.Studieshaveinvestigateditsuseintreatingbacterialinfections,suchasStaphylococcusaureus,andfungalinfections,suchasCandidaalbicans.Inbothcases,theearthworm-containingserumwasfoundtobeeffectiveininhibitingthegrowthofthepathogensandpromotinghealing.

Overall,thesestudiessuggestthatearthworm-containingserumcouldhavebroaderclinicalapplicationsbeyondjusttissueengineeringandregenerativemedicine.Itsnaturalpropertiesandcost-effectivenessmakeitanattractivealternativetotraditionaltreatmentsforvariousconditions,particularlythoserelatedtowoundhealingandinfectioncontrol.

However,furtherresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthemechanismsbehindtheeffectsofearthworm-containingserumandtooptimizeitsuseinclinicalsettings.Itwillbeimportanttoinvestigatepotentialsideeffects,dosingregimens,andlong-termoutcomestoensureitssafetyandefficacy.

Inconclusion,earthworm-containingserumrepresentsapromisingnewtoolforregulatingBMSCdifferentiationandpromotingtissueregeneration.Itspotentialusesextendbeyondtissueengineeringandregenerativemedicine,withprom