考研英語二真題及答案解析完整版

2019年考研已經(jīng)結(jié)束;為方便考生備考;特整理2019年全國碩士研究生考試真題;供各位考生復(fù)習(xí)使用;以下是2019年英語二考研真題及答案解析..SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkA;B;CorDontheANSWERSHEET.10pointsWeighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofanysignificantweightfluctuations.1;whendonetoooften;thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit2.Asforme;weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactivetofocusing3onthescale.Thatwasbadtomyoverallfitnessgoals.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass;butthinkingonlyof4thenumberonthescale;Ialteredmytrainingprogram.ThatconfictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticeanysignificantchangesinyourweight7alteringyourtrainingprogram.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel;strengthandincheslostForthese9;Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal;itislessimportantformeto_11_myweighteachweek.Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13mytrainingprogram.Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14togetinformationaboutmynutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame;butI'mconstantly15anddroppingweight;thisisa16thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake.The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersformyoverallhealth;fitnessandwell-being.I'mexperiencingincreasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburdenofa18mormingweigh-in.I'vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificftnessgoals;19I'mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals;notthenumbersonascale.Ratherthan20overthescale;turnyourfocustohowyoulook;feelhowyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.1.ABesidesBThereforeCOtherwiseDHowever2.AhelpsBcaresCwarnsDreduces3.AinitiallyBsolelyCoccasionallyDformally4.ArecordingBloweringCexplainingDaccepting5.AmodifyBsetCreviewDreach6.AdefinitionBdepictionCdistributionDprediction7.AduetoBregardlessofCasidefromDalongwith8.AorderlyBrigidCpreciseDimmediate9.AclaimsBjudgmentsCreasonsDmethods10.AinsteadBthoughCagainDindeed11.AreportBshareCshareDshare12.AdependonBapproveofCholdontoDaccountfor13.AprepareBshareCshareDshare14.AresultsBfeaturesCrulesDtests15.AboredBanxiousChungryDsick16.AprincipleBsecretCbeliefDsign17.ArequestBnecessityCdecisionDwish18.AdisappointingBsurprisingCrestrictingDconsuming19.AifbecauseBunlessCuntilDconsuming20.AobsessingBdominatingCpuzzlingDtriumphing1-20參考答案：1、答案CHowever解析此處考察邏輯關(guān)系..首段提出文章中心：定期稱量自己是一種解任何顯著的的體重波動(dòng)的好方法..空格所在句指出：____;如果太頻繁;這種習(xí)慣有時(shí)會(huì)造成損害..前文wonderfulway好方法與后文hurt損害形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;故填入however然而..另外;however也是考研完形填空中的高頻詞..其他選項(xiàng)：therefore因此;otherwise否則和besides此外此處不符合語境;故正確答案為CHowever..2、答案Dhelps解析此處考察反義復(fù)現(xiàn)..空格所在句指出：thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit____這種習(xí)慣的壞處要比____多;應(yīng)該是help有幫助;有好處;與前文hurt損害形成反義復(fù)現(xiàn)..其他選項(xiàng)：Cares關(guān)心;warns警告;reduces減少;致使均不能與hurt形成呼應(yīng);故正確答案為Dhelps..3、答案Asolely解析此處考察同義復(fù)現(xiàn)+詞義辨析..空格所在句指出：至于我;每天稱自己的重量讓我把注意力從保持健康和好動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移到____專注于體重秤..填入solely僅僅語義通順..另外本句focusingsolelyonthescale中的solely僅僅與本段后文thinkingonlyof____thenumberonthescale的only形成了同義復(fù)現(xiàn)..故正確答案為Asolely..4、答案Alowering解析此處考察詞義辨析+反義復(fù)現(xiàn)..空格所在句指出：我曾經(jīng)以增加肌肉含量而增重;但后來只考慮____體重的數(shù)量;我改變了我的訓(xùn)練方案..填入lowering減少語義通順..另外;該句中間有but;說明前后為轉(zhuǎn)接..lower與前文gainweight增重形成反義復(fù)現(xiàn);其他選項(xiàng)：explaining解釋;accepting接受;recording記錄均不符合文意..故正確答案為Alowering..5、答案Creach解析此處考察成分搭配和語義理解..空格所在句指出：這與我需要訓(xùn)練以____目標(biāo)的方式相沖突..此處填入reach達(dá)到與goal目標(biāo)形成動(dòng)賓搭配;且語義通順;表達(dá)連貫..其他選項(xiàng)：set設(shè)定;modify修改雖然可以與goal搭配;但文意不符;review評(píng)論;溫習(xí)和goal不能形成搭配..故正確答案為Creach..6、答案Adepiction解析此處考察詞義辨析..分析空格處所在句的句意：我還發(fā)現(xiàn);每天稱體重并不能為我在健身房所做的努力以及取得的進(jìn)步;提供精確的____;空格處所需的名詞需要使句子完整通順..A選項(xiàng)depiction描寫;敘述符合語義要求;B選項(xiàng)distribution分布;分配;C選項(xiàng)prediction預(yù)言;預(yù)測(cè);D選項(xiàng)definition定義帶入空格后;語義不通順;均排除..故正確答案為A選項(xiàng)depiction..7、答案Ddueto解析此處考察短語辨析..空格所在句的句意：需要大約三周到一個(gè)月的時(shí)間來發(fā)現(xiàn)體重的顯著變化;_____改變了你的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃..空格處所填入的短語需要和前面句子構(gòu)成因果的邏輯關(guān)系;只有D選項(xiàng)dueto由于符合要求;A選項(xiàng)regardlessof不管;不顧;B選asidefrom除...以外;C選項(xiàng)alongwith與...一起;連同帶入后;語義不通順..故正確答案為Ddueto..8、答案Cimmediate解析此處考察詞義辨析..分析空格處所在句的句意：最____的改變將會(huì)體現(xiàn)在技能水平;力量和身高降低;空格處所需的形容詞需要和后面的賓語change構(gòu)成語義搭配;并且適合語境..C選項(xiàng)immediate立即的;直接的符合語義要求;A選項(xiàng)rigid嚴(yán)格的;B選項(xiàng)precise精確的;D選項(xiàng)orderly有秩序的帶入空格后;語義不通順;均排除..故正確答案為C選項(xiàng)immediate..9、答案Breasons解析此處考察固定搭配..forthesereasons由于這些原因..空格所在句指出：由于這些原因上文提到的原因;我停止每天稱體重..只有B選項(xiàng)reasons原因符合要求;A選項(xiàng)judgments判斷;C選methods方法;方式;D選項(xiàng)claims要求;索賠帶入后;語義不通順..故正確答案為Breasons..10、答案Dinstead解析此處考察詞義辨析以及上下文語境分析..空格所在句的前半部分指出：由于上述原因;我停止每天稱體重..后半句話句意：而轉(zhuǎn)而改用兩個(gè)月稱一次體重..switchedto轉(zhuǎn)而....與選項(xiàng)instead對(duì)應(yīng)..D選項(xiàng)instead代替;反而符合語義要求;A選項(xiàng)though雖然;盡管;B選項(xiàng)again又;再一次;C選項(xiàng)indeed的確;實(shí)在帶入空格后;語義不通順;均排除..故正確答案為D選項(xiàng)instead11、答案A.track解析空格所在句提到：Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal因?yàn)闇p重不是我的目的;itislessimportantformeto____myweighteachweek對(duì)我來說;每周___我的體重不太重要..空格處所填入的動(dòng)詞需要和后面的賓語myweight構(gòu)成通順的動(dòng)賓語義搭配;除此之外;本文的主題是稱重;因此需要觀察、監(jiān)測(cè)或跟蹤體重的變化;因此只有A選項(xiàng)track符合語義與主題要求..12、答案C.accountfor解析空格所在句提到：Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand_____anysignificantweightchanges每隔一周稱次體重使我能夠觀察及____任何明顯的體重變化;空格處所填入的動(dòng)詞需和后面的賓語weightchanges構(gòu)成通順的動(dòng)賓搭配;同時(shí);該動(dòng)詞還和observe構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系;并列的動(dòng)詞會(huì)存在動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生的特點(diǎn)先觀察到體重變化;再來了解或解釋體重變化的原因;因此只有C選項(xiàng)accountfor解釋;了解更恰當(dāng)..13、答案B.adjust解析空格所在處提到：ThattellsmewhetherIneedto____mytrainingprogram那告訴我;我是否需要____我的訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目..空格處所填動(dòng)詞需要和后面的賓語trainingprogram構(gòu)成順暢的動(dòng)賓語義關(guān)系;除此之外;that指代上文中“觀察并了解體重變化”;因此此處應(yīng)該表明;觀察并了解體重變化能讓我知道是否需要調(diào)整訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目..因此B選項(xiàng)adjust符合要求..14、答案D.results解析空格處所在句提到：Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in____togetinformationaboutmynutritionaswell我根據(jù)兩個(gè)月稱重一次的___來獲得關(guān)于我的營養(yǎng)方面的信息..空格處所填名詞需和bimonthlyweigh-in構(gòu)成順暢的語義關(guān)系;空格處上文提到“兩個(gè)月稱重一次可以觀察并了解任何明顯的體重變化”;因此空格處應(yīng)該表示“稱重結(jié)果”;故D選項(xiàng)results為正確答案..15、答案B.hungry解析空格處提到：if.......Iamconstantly____anddroppingweight;thisisasignthatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake如果......我持續(xù)___以及體重下降;那么這是一個(gè)標(biāo)志表明我需要增加日常卡路里攝入;根據(jù)條件狀從和主句的條件與結(jié)果的邏輯關(guān)系;空格處填入“hungry饑餓”更符合語義要求..16、答案Csign試題考點(diǎn)上下文語義銜接+名詞辨析解析空格之前的“this”指代前面if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句“如果我運(yùn)動(dòng)量保持不變;但總是覺得餓并且體重下降”;空格后面that引導(dǎo)的定語從句“我需要增加每日卡路里的攝取”;根據(jù)前后語義;此空填sign“信號(hào)”最合理..17、答案Bdecision試題考點(diǎn)上下文語義銜接解析空格后動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)“tostopweighingmyselfeveryday”作空格處名詞的定語;“停止每天稱體重這個(gè)_____”;根據(jù)語義;此處填decision“決定”最合理..18、答案Ddisappointing試題考點(diǎn)上下文意義銜接+形容詞辨析解析此空在of介詞短語中;修飾名詞“burden負(fù)擔(dān)”;根據(jù)語義色彩;此處應(yīng)該填貶義詞;因此disappointing“令人失望的”最合理..19、答案Abecause試題考點(diǎn)上下文邏輯解析根據(jù)選項(xiàng)特征看出本題考查句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系;前半句話“I’vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals”我也更成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了健身目標(biāo);后半句“I’mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals;motthenumbersonscale.”我根據(jù)那些目標(biāo)來訓(xùn)練;而不是體重?cái)?shù)字..此處應(yīng)為因果關(guān)系;所以正確選項(xiàng)為because..此外;本句話中的“also”表明與前一句話之間的關(guān)系;前一句話中的since也表示因果關(guān)系..20、答案Dobssessing試題考點(diǎn)上線文銜接+詞義辨析解析根據(jù)選項(xiàng)特征;此空填入動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞;其邏輯主語為句子主語you;賓語為thescale;通過上文可知;作者對(duì)于“thescale”一直持否定態(tài)度;因此此空根據(jù)語義色彩排除dominating“統(tǒng)治”和triumphing“勝利”;而puzzlingover表示“仔細(xì)琢磨;冥思苦想”;與上下文語義不符..因此選obsessing“使困擾”SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA;B;CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.40pointsText1Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness;fear;andanger;guiltemergesalittlelater;inconjunctionwithachild’sgrowinggraspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren’tbornknowinghowtosay“I’msorry”;rather;theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends--andtheirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt;intherightamount;tobeagoodthing.Inthepopularimagination;ofcourse;guiltstillgetsabadrap.Itisdeeplyuncomfortable--it'stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve;”saysAmrishaVaish;apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia;addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren’tbinary--feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger;forexample;mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.Toomuchhappinesscanbedestructive.Andquilt;bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness;canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt;inotherwords;canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.Viewedinthislight;guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti;apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto;suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies;Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.SomeKidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt;whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.Andviceversa:Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.Ina2014study;forexample;Maltilookedat244children.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations;sheratedeachchild’soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins;andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids;howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelguilty.Theguilt-proneonessharemore;eventhoughtheyhadn’tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictotheotherchild’sdeprivation.“That’sgoodnews;”Maltisays;“Wecanbeprosocialbecausewecausedharmandwefeelregret.”21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp_______.A.regulateachild’sbasicemotionsB.improveachild’sintellectualabilityC.fosterachild’smoraldevelopmentD.intensifyachild’spositivefeelings22.AccordingtoParagraph2;manypeoplestillconsiderguilttobe_______.A.deceptiveB.burdensomeC.addictiveD.inexcusable23.Vaishholdsthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawarenessthat_______.A.emotionsarecontext-independentB.emotionsaresociallyconstructiveC.emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealthD.anemotioncanplayopposingroles24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing_______.A.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficienciesB.canresultfromeithersympathyorguiltC.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfactionD.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts25.Theword“transgressions”Line4;Para.5isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.teachingsB.discussionsC.restrictionsD.wrongdoings21-25參考答案：21、答案Cfosterachild’spositivefeelings解析根據(jù)題干“researchers”;“guilt”;“agoodthing”關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段最后一句;除此之外;提干中還有關(guān)鍵詞“because”;判定該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題中考查因果邏輯關(guān)系的題目;需要在原文中精準(zhǔn)回文定位;原文中第一段最后一段明確出現(xiàn)了“Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt...agoodthing.”根據(jù)代詞向前文指代的原則;題干中所問的原因就在上一句;由“Childrenaren’tbornknowinghowtosay‘I’msorry’;rather;theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends----andtheirownconscience”;其中的“suchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends----andtheirownconscience”該品質(zhì)能夠使父母/朋友和孩子自己都感覺更舒適;suchstatements指代的即為“saysorry”或文章主題詞guilt;縱觀四個(gè)選型;只有C選項(xiàng)fosterachild’smoraldevelopment提高孩子的道德發(fā)展可以實(shí)現(xiàn)同義替換;故為正確答案..其余選項(xiàng)A.regulateachild’sbasicemotions管理孩子基本情緒中的regulate原文未提及;B.improveachild’sintellectualability改善孩子的智力中intellectualability原文未提及;而D.intensifyachild’spositivefeelings加強(qiáng)孩子的積極感覺在原文中未提及;故排除..22、答案Bburdensome解析根據(jù)題干可知這是一個(gè)典型的細(xì)節(jié)題..根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“paragraph2;“manypeoplestillconsiderguildtobe”定位到第二段;最終鎖定對(duì)本段第二句話的理解;尤其關(guān)鍵的是對(duì)第二句話中破折號(hào)的理解;“itisdeeplyuncomfortable—it’stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.”這種感覺非常不舒服;就像穿著一件石頭做的夾克一樣;對(duì)比所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng);只有B項(xiàng)“burdensome”負(fù)擔(dān)沉重的;繁重的與原文表述一致;故為最佳答案..A項(xiàng)“deceptive”欺騙的C項(xiàng)“addictive”上癮的以及D項(xiàng)“inexcusable”不可原諒的均與原文表述不一致;故排除..23、答案Danemotioncanplayopposingroles解析根據(jù)題干可知這是一個(gè)典型的細(xì)節(jié)題..根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“Vaishholdsthat…awarenessthat.”定位本文的第二段“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinking…canserve.”但是這句話是他的觀點(diǎn)句;也就是題干信息所在句;本句沒有答案;因此;根據(jù)線性思維;下文他又繼續(xù)補(bǔ)充到“addingthatthisrevivalisapsychologyresearcher…..inanother”這種復(fù)興是更大的認(rèn)識(shí)的一部分;即情緒不是二元情感;在一個(gè)情境中有利的情緒在另一個(gè)情境中可能是有害的;對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng);只有D“anemotioncanplayopposingroles”情緒可以起到相反的作用為最佳答案..A項(xiàng)“emotionsarecontext-independent”情緒與語境無關(guān)與原文表述相反..B項(xiàng)“emotionsaresociallyconstructive”從社會(huì)角度講;情緒具有積極性在文中沒有提及..C項(xiàng)“emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth”情緒穩(wěn)定有益與身體健康在文中沒有提及;故排除..24、答案Bcanresultfromeithersympathyorguilt解析根據(jù)題干可知這是一道人物觀點(diǎn)題..根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Maltiandothershaveshown與ingMaltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.”馬爾蒂和其他人已經(jīng)表明;內(nèi)疚和同情可能代表了合作和分享的不同途徑..對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng);只有B項(xiàng)canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt要么歸因于同情;要么歸因于內(nèi)疚與原文表述一致;故為正確選項(xiàng)..A項(xiàng)mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies可能有助于改正情感缺陷與第四段第二句話…thatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency內(nèi)疚可能會(huì)彌補(bǔ)情感缺陷不符..C項(xiàng)canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction能夠帶來情感上的滿足并未提及..D項(xiàng)maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts可能是沖動(dòng)行為的結(jié)果與第四段第三句…whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses這可以控制他們更糟糕的沖動(dòng)因果倒置;故排除..25、答案Dwrongdoings解析根據(jù)題干要求定位到第五段第二句話“Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations;sheratedeachchild'soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.”且位于主句的“transgressions”的前面出現(xiàn)tofeelnegativeemotions;情感屬于消極貶義..對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng);D項(xiàng)wrongdoings壞事;不道德的行為;屬于貶義詞;與其情感色彩一致;故為正確選項(xiàng)..A項(xiàng)teachings教導(dǎo);屬于褒義詞..B項(xiàng)discussions討論;屬于中性詞..C項(xiàng)restrictions限制;約束;屬于中性詞;故排除..Text2Forestsgiveusshade;quietandoneofthehardercallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce;wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.Thankfully;thereisawayoutofthistrap-butitinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable"carbonsinks"longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow.Califormiaisleadingtheway;asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts;infiguringoutthedetails.Thestate'sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture;sotheygrowandthrive;restoringtheforest'scapacitytopullcarbonfromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffinsects.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasilyburnable.Evenintheeventofafire;fewertreesareconsumed.Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already;since2010;droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesinCalifornia;mostofthemin2016alone;andwildfireshaveburnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.Californiaplanstotreat35;000acresofforestayearby2020;and60;000by2030-financedfromtheproceedsofthestate'semissions-permitauctions.That'sonlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit;abouthalfamillionacresinall;soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsisalreadyunderway.Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests;buttraditionallythey'vefocusedonwildlife;watershedsandopportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon.Califormia'splan;whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythegovernornextyear;shouldserveasamodel.26.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges;”theauthorimpliesthat_________.A.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrolB.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarmingC.extremeweatherconditionsmayariseD.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat27.Tomaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks;"wemayneedto__________.A.preservethediversityofspeciesinthemB.acceleratethegrowthofyoungtreesC.strikeabalanceamongdifferentplantsD.lowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacity28.California'sForestCarbonPlanendeavorsto_______.A.cultivatemoredrought-resistanttreesB.reducethedensityofsomeofitsforestsC.findmoreeffectivewaystokillinsectsD.restoreitsforestsquicklyafterwildfires29.WhatisessentialtoCalifornia'splanaccordingtoParagraph5A.Tohandletheareasinseriousdangerfirst.B.Tocarryitoutbeforetheyearof2020.C.Toperfecttheemissions-permitauctions.D.Toobtainenoughfinancialsupport.30.Theauthor'sattitudetoCalifornia'splancanbestbedescribedas________.A.ambiguousB.tolerantC.supportiveD.cautious26-30參考答案：26.答案Dforestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat解析根據(jù)題干信息詞定位到首段..第一句引出文章話題“在人類對(duì)抗氣候變化中;森林給我們帶來了一個(gè)更為艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)..”第二句指出人類正在威脅到森林吸收二氧化碳的能力..第三句“Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforestthatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.”為本段的主題句;指出我們?nèi)祟愃斐傻臍夂蜃兓瘑栴}最終會(huì)使得森林排放更多的二氧化碳;而不是吸收..即森林可能會(huì)威脅氣候的惡化和人類的生存..故選擇D項(xiàng)“森林可能會(huì)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)潛在威脅..”27.答案DLowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacity解析根據(jù)題干要求定位到第二段..該段首句中的前半句thereisawayoutofthistrap對(duì)應(yīng)題干中Tomaintainforestasvaluable“carbonsinks”;后半句提出具體的解決方法itinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance這需要達(dá)到一個(gè)微妙的平衡;但并沒有說這個(gè)平衡是不同植被間的平衡;故不能據(jù)此選Cstrikeabalanceamongdifferentplants..緊接著第二句提到要達(dá)到這一目的可能需要reducingtheirforests’capacitytoabsorbcarbonnow降低他們森林現(xiàn)在吸收碳的能力;由此可知正確答案應(yīng)為D選項(xiàng)..28.答案Breducethedensityofsomeofitsforests解析細(xì)節(jié)題做題的技巧是“準(zhǔn)確定位和匹配”..根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ForestCarbonPlan”定位至第三段第一句話..題干中問題是“endeavorto”表示“努力做…”對(duì)應(yīng)文章中“doubleeffortsto”;因此答案在這個(gè)短語之后即“thinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest”表示的意思是使“森林里部分小樹變稀疏;清理部分灌木”;這與選項(xiàng)C中的“reducethedensityofsomeofitsfforests”即“降低森林的密度”一致..因此正確答案選C..29.答案ATohandletheareasinseriousdangerfirst解析根據(jù)題目定位到第5段;題目WhatisessentialtoCalifornia'splan中的essential可回文定位;對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought的vital;其后的prioritize對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的handle…first;areasatgreatestrisk對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的theareasinseriousdanger;故正確選項(xiàng)為A..30.答案Csupportive解析根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“attitude”;可確定是態(tài)度題..做態(tài)度題的核心是把握明顯感情色彩的關(guān)鍵詞;即可快速得出答案..而在文章的最后一段;往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)本文的結(jié)論;容易出現(xiàn)感情色彩的關(guān)鍵詞..根據(jù)最后一段最后一句;California'splan;whichis……;shouldserveasamodelCalifornia的計(jì)劃應(yīng)該能夠起到榜樣作用;model是一個(gè)積極色彩的詞匯;所以答案選Bsupportive支持的..Text3oflaborshortagesforseveralyearsnowGivenamulti-yeardeclineinillegalimmigration;andasimilarlysustainedpickupintheU.S.jobmarket;thecomplaintsareunlikelytostopwithoutanoverhaulofimmigrationrulesforfarmworkers.Effortstocreateamorestraightforwardagricultural-workersvisathatwouldenableforeignworkerstostaylongerintheU.S.andchangejobswithintheindustryhavesofarfailedinCongress.Ifthisdoesn’tchange;Americanbusinesses;communitiesandconsumerswillbethelosers.PerhapshalfofU.S.farmlaborersareundocumentedimmigrants.AsfewersuchworkersentertheU.S.;thecharacteristicsoftheagriculturalworkforcearechanging.Today’sfarmlaborers;whilestillpredominantlyborninMexico;aremorelikelytobesettled;ratherthanmigrating;andmorelikelytobemarriedthansingle.Theyarealsoaging.Atthestartofthiscentury;aboutone-thirdofcropworkerswereovertheageof35.Now;morethanhalfare.Andcroppickingishardonolderbodies.Oneoft-debatedcureforthislaborshortageremainsasimplausibleasithasbeenallalong:NativeU.S.workerswon’tbereturningtothefarm.Mechanizationisnottheanswereither—notyetatleast.Productionofcorn;cotton;rice;soybeansandwheathavebeenlargelymechanized;butmanyhigh-value;labor-intensivecrops;suchasstrawberries;needlabor.Evendairyfarms;whererobotscurrentlydoonlyasmallshareofmilking;havealongwaytogobeforetheyareautomated.Asaresult;farmshavegrownincreasinglyreliantontemporaryguestworkersusingtheH-2Avisatofillthegapsintheagriculturalworkforce.Startingaround2012;requestsforthevisasrosesharply;from2011to2016thenumberofvisasissuedmorethandoubled.TheH-2Avisahasnonumericalcap;unliketheH-2Bvisafornonagriculturalwork;whichislimitedto66;000annually.Evenso;employersfrequentlycomplainthattheyaren’tallottedalltheworkerstheyneed.Theprocessiscumbersome;expensiveandunreliable.OnesurveyfoundthatbureaucraticdelaysledH-2Aworkerstoarriveonthejobanaverageof22dayslate.Andtheshortageiscompoundedbyfederalimmigrationraids;whichremovesomeworkersanddriveothersunderground.Ina2012survey;71percentoftree-fruitgrowersandnearly80percentofraisinandberrygrowerssaidtheywereshortoflabor.SomewesterngrowershaverespondedbymovingoperationstoMexico.From1998-2000;14.5percentofthefruitAmericansconsumedwasimported.Littlemorethanadecadelater;theshareofimportedfruithadincreasedto25.8percent.Ineffect;theU.S.canimportfoodoritcanimporttheworkerswhopickit.31.WhatproblemshouldbeaddressedaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphsB.ImportFoodorLaborA.DiscriminationagainstforeignworkersintheU.S.B.BiasedlawsinfavorofsomeAmericanbusinesses.C.FlawsinU.S.immigrationrulesforfarmworkers.D.DeclineofjobopportunitiesinU.S.agriculture.32.OnetroublewithU.S.agriculturalworkforceis_______.A.therisingnumberofillegalimmigrantsB.thehighmobilityofcropworkersC.thelackofexperiencedlaborersD.theagingofimmigrantfarmworkers33.Whatisthemuch-arguedsolutiontothelaborshortageinU.S.farmingA.Toattractyoungerlaborerstofarmwork.B.TogetnativeU.S.workersbacktofarming.C.Tousemorerobotstogrowhigh-valuecrops.D.Tostrengthenfinancialsupportforfarmers.34.AgriculturalemployerscomplainabouttheH-2Avisaforits___.A.slowgrantingproceduresB.limitondurationofstayC.tightenedrequirementsD.controlofannualadmissions35.WhichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthistextA.U.S.AgricultureinDeclineC.AmericaSavedbyMexicoD.Manpowervs.Automation31-35參考答案：31、答案CFlawsinU.S.immigrationrulesforfarmworkers解析根據(jù)題干提示詞firsttwoparagraphs可知本題依據(jù)文章前兩段命制;為雙段推理型題目..快速掃讀可知前兩段大意為：美國針對(duì)外來農(nóng)民所定移民規(guī)則中存在一些問題;并指出如不及時(shí)解決美國商業(yè);社會(huì)以及消費(fèi)者都會(huì)受到影響..比對(duì)選項(xiàng)可直接判斷正確選項(xiàng)為C項(xiàng);其余選項(xiàng)均屬無中生有;直接排除..32、答案Dtheagingofimmigrantfarmworkers解析細(xì)節(jié)推理題..根據(jù)題干中的trouble;U.S.agriculturalworkforce以及段落序列定位到文中第三段第二句..定位段第三至七句都在論證第二句的內(nèi)容;其中第三句論證的是勞動(dòng)力的來源及其傾向;第四至七句論證的是勞動(dòng)力在變老并指出pickingcropsishardonolderbodies.與選項(xiàng)D吻合..選項(xiàng)A中的rising及illegal屬于無中生有;選項(xiàng)B中的highmobility與定位段中的farmlaborsaremorelikelytobesettledratherthanimmigrating矛盾;選項(xiàng)C屬無中生有..33、答案BTogetnativeU.S.workersbacktofarming.解析細(xì)節(jié)題..根據(jù)題干中的much-arguedsolutiontothelaborshortage定位到第三段最后一句;其中oft-debated對(duì)應(yīng)原文的much-argued;solution對(duì)應(yīng)原文的cure;剩余信息出答案;冒號(hào)解釋了這個(gè)經(jīng)常被談?wù)摰姆椒ǎ好绹緡と瞬粫?huì)重返農(nóng)場(chǎng)..說明本身的解決方法是讓美國本國工人回到農(nóng)場(chǎng);與選項(xiàng)B一致..A選項(xiàng)attractyoungerlaborers在文章未體現(xiàn);文章只是提到現(xiàn)在的farmlaborer在老齡化..C選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)在文章的第四段;文章只是說在high-valuecrops上需要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力..在乳牛場(chǎng)機(jī)器人只做了一小部分工作..選項(xiàng)將兩部分雜糅在一起了..D選項(xiàng)中financialsupport在文中未提及;屬于無中生有..34、答案Aslowgrantingprocedures解析因果細(xì)節(jié)題..根據(jù)題干中的具體信息;agriculturalemployers;complain;abouttheH-2Avisa..回文定位到第六段..根據(jù)具體信息定位到第六段的;Employerscomplaintheyaren’tgivenalltheworkerstheyneed.這句話是抱怨的內(nèi)容;文中問的是原因;緊接著下面一句話;theprocessiscumbersome;expensive;andunreliable.并且在這句話后面onesurvey是例子..根據(jù)例子證明論點(diǎn);下面的例子和前面的theprocess這句話表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是一致的..同時(shí);在例子中有for的同義詞leadto;導(dǎo)致了arriveonthejob22dayslate.Delay;late對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的slow;procedure對(duì)應(yīng)process..所以選A..B中的limit;原文后面跟著是人數(shù)66;000;偷換概念..C中的request出現(xiàn)在例子中;說的是visarosesharply..D項(xiàng)文中未提及;無中生有..35、答案BImportFoodorLabor解析主旨題..文章第一段明確指出美國農(nóng)民面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺的問題;而這一問題的根源在于針對(duì)農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人的移民制度..二段和三段分析了移民簽證和移民現(xiàn)狀的沖突..第四段指出機(jī)械化并不能解決該問題..第五和六段分析了現(xiàn)在農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人所依賴的H-2A簽證政策也沒能有助于解決勞動(dòng)力短缺..第七段通過研究調(diào)查再次確定了勞動(dòng)力短缺的問題..最后一段總結(jié)指出解決方案;美國要么進(jìn)口食品;要么進(jìn)口農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)力..Labor為本文中復(fù)現(xiàn)的主題詞..故正確答案為B選項(xiàng)..A選項(xiàng)中的decline夸大概念..C選項(xiàng)中的saved無中生有;D選項(xiàng)中的Automation斷章取義;且與原文表述相反..AmoldSchwarzenegger;DiaMirzaandAdrianGrenierhaveamessageforyou:It'seasytobeatplastic.They'repartofabunchofcelebritiesstarringinanewvideoforWorldEnvironmentDay—encouragingyou;theconsumer;toswapoutyoursingle-useplasticstapleslikestrawsandcutlerytocombattheplasticscrisis.ThekeymessagesthathavebeenputtogetherforWorldEnvironmentDaydoincludeacallforgovernmentstoenactlegislationtocurbsingle-useplastics.Buttheoverarchingmessageisdirectedatindividuals.Myconcernwithleavingituptotheindividual;however;isourlimitedsenseofwhatneedstobeachieved.Ontheirown;takingourownbagstothegrocerystoreorquittingplasticstraws;forexample;willaccomplishlittleandrequireverylittleofus.Theycouldevenbedetrimental;satisfyinganeedtohave"doneourbit"withouteverprogressingontobigger;bolder;moreeffectiveactions—akindof"morallicensing"thatallaysourconcernsandstopsusdoingmoreandaskingmoreofthoseincharge.Whiletheconversationaroundourenvironmentandourresponsibilitytowarditremainscenteredonshoppingbagsandstraws;we'reignoringthebalanceofpowerthatimpliesthatas"consumers"wemustshopsustainably;ratherthanas"citizens"holdourgovernmentsandindustriestoaccounttopushforrealsystemicchange.It'simportanttoacknowledgethattheenvironmentisn'teveryone'spriority–orevenmostpeople's.Weshouldn'texpectittobe.Inherlatestbook;WhyGoodPeopleDoBadEnvironmentalThings;WellesleyCollegeprofessorElizabethR.DeSombrearguesthatthebest