溫尼科特-反移情中的恨分析

溫尼科特：反移情中的恨HateintheCountertransferenceINTHISPAPERIwishtoexamineoneaspectofthewholesubjectofambivalence,namely,hateincountertransference?Ibelievethatthetaskoftheanalyst(callhimaresearchanalyst)whoundertakofapsychoticisseriouslyweightedbythisphenomenon,andthatanalysisofpsychoticsbecomesimponeedstobehimselfanalysed,butitalsoassertsthattheanalysisofapsychoticisirksomeascomneurotic,andinherentlyso.在這篇文章里，我希望考查關(guān)于矛質(zhì)情感這整個(gè)主題的其中?個(gè)方而，即：反移情①(Countertransference)中的恨。我相信，這?現(xiàn)象加重了從事精神病人分析工作的分析師(稱(chēng)他為研究分析師)的任務(wù)，并且除非這些分析師總識(shí)到自己的恨是被處理得非常好，否則他的分析工作是不可能進(jìn)行的。這相當(dāng)于說(shuō)，分析師自己需要彼分析，但同時(shí)也宣稱(chēng)了，相比于神經(jīng)癥，精神病人天然地令人生Apartfrompsycho-analytictreatment,themanagementofapsychoticisbou?ndFombetimiksetimeIhavemadeacutelycriticalremarksaboutthemoderntrendsinpsychiatry,withthetooeasyelectricsthatIhaveexpressedIwouldliketobeforemostinrecognitionoftheextremedifficultyinherentinnthosewhotasckareoffohepsychiatristandofthepatientsmustalwaysbetneurosurgeonsasoundaccordingto除去精神分析治療外，對(duì)精神病人的管理② (management)也注定是令人生厭的。關(guān)于現(xiàn)代精神病學(xué)過(guò)于容易(使用)的電休克治療和過(guò)于極端的前額腦白質(zhì)切除手術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，我也時(shí)常會(huì)有尖銳的批評(píng)。 極端的艱難的。瘋癲的病人總是給那些照顧他們的人帶來(lái)沉重的情感負(fù)擔(dān)。我們(甚至)可以原諒那些致力于此工作的人(可能)做出的(任何)可怕的事情。但這并不總味著我們必須接受精神病專(zhuān)家和神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生所有聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是有科學(xué)依據(jù)的所作所為。ecountertransference應(yīng)譯為反轉(zhuǎn)移。這里譯作反移情僅僅是為了力便國(guó)內(nèi)讀者理解，遵從國(guó)內(nèi)心理學(xué)界的普 (CUO)遍(WU)譯法。下同。同樣適用于在兒童和反社會(huì)傾向的青少年的治療中，分析師把管理作為?種抱持環(huán)境的使用。Thereforealthoughwhatfollowsisaboutpsycho-analysis,itreallyhasvaluetothepsychiatrist,eventoworkdoesnotinanywaytakehimintotheanalytictypeofre?lationshiptopatients因此，盡管下文是有關(guān)精神分析治療的，它實(shí)際上對(duì)精神病醫(yī)生是有價(jià)值的.即使是對(duì)那些其工作中，無(wú)論如何也不立起與分析類(lèi)型的關(guān)系的精神科醫(yī)師們也是如此。Tohelpthegeneralpsychiatristthepsycho-analystmustnotonlystudyforhimtheprimitivestagesodevelopmentoftheillindividual,butalsomuststudythenatureoftheemotionalburdenwhichtheindoinghisw?orkWhatweasanalystscallthecountertransferenceneedstobeunderstoodbythepsyHowevermuchheloveshispatientshecannotavoidhatingthemandfearingthem,andthebetterhlesswillhateandfearbethemotivesdeterminingwhathed?oestohispatients為了能促進(jìn)到常規(guī)的精神科醫(yī)生，精神分析師不但必須替他(精神科醫(yī)生)研究病人的個(gè)體情感發(fā)展原初階段，也他的病人們，他都不能避免恨他們和懼怕他們，越了解這些，恨與恐懼就越不會(huì)成為他對(duì)待病人的決定性動(dòng)機(jī)。Onecouldclassifycountertransferencephenomenathus:我們可以把反移情現(xiàn)象做如下分類(lèi)：1?Abnormalityincountertransferencefeelings,andsetrelationshipsandidentificationsthatareunderrtheanalyst?Thecommentonthisisthattheanalystneedsmoreanalysis,andwebelievethisislechotherapistsingeneral1、反移情感受中的異常，讓(分析中)的關(guān)系與認(rèn)同彼分析師所壓抑。這意味著分析師需要更多的個(gè)人分析，我是?個(gè)大問(wèn)題。2?Theidentificationsandtendenciesbelongingtoananalyst*spersonalexperiencesandpersonaldwhichprovidethepositivesettingforhisanalyticworkandmakehisworkdifferentinqualityfrom3?FromthesetwoIdistinguishthetrulyobjactivecountertransference,orifthisisdifficult,theahateinreactiontotheactualpersonalityandbehaviourofthepatient,basedon?objactiveobservatioIsuggestthatifananalystistoanalysepsychoticsorantisocialshemustbeabletobesothorouehateCountertransferencephenomenawillattimesbetheimportantthings?intheanalysis我建議若?個(gè)分析師耍分析精神病患者或者是反社會(huì)型人格患者的話(huà)，他必須要有能力完全恿識(shí)到自己的反移情才行，以便他能整理并且研究他對(duì)病人的客觀反應(yīng)。這其中也包括恨。在精神分析中，反移情現(xiàn)象有時(shí)將成為?件很重Iwishtosuggestthatthepatientcanonlyappreciateintheanalystwhat;heh?imsIeftiecapableofmatterofmotive:theobsessionalwilltendtobethinkingoftheanalystasdoinghisworkinafuhypo-manicpatientwhoisincapableofbeingdepressed,exceptinaseveremoodswing,andinwhosdevelopmentthedepressivepositionhasnotbeensecurelywon,whocannotfeelguiltinadeepway,responsibility,isunabletoseetheonthepartoftheanalysttomakereparation?anlyseu*rotisc)guilthate;thispatient,wheninluck,elseisgettghanraelctofhisown(thetendstoseetheanalWoulditnotfollowthatifaisina*coincidentlo-henaastetofshowasplittinggetsthelofeelingheexperiencesadeepconvictionthattheanalystisalsoonlybecausesomeonepsychoticcapableofthesamecrudeanddangerousstateofcoincidentlove-haterelationship?Shouldtheanalystshowlove,hewillsurelyatthe我認(rèn)為，病人僅僅能夠欣賞分析師身上那些他自己能感覺(jué)到的東西。就動(dòng)機(jī)而言，強(qiáng)迫癥患者傾向于認(rèn)為分析師是發(fā)展中抑郁狀態(tài)尚未占得上風(fēng)，無(wú)法感受深刻的內(nèi)疚感，也無(wú)法感受關(guān)切與責(zé)任感的病人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們不會(huì)把分析師的工作看做是分析師修復(fù)他自身內(nèi)疚感的?種嘗試。?個(gè)神經(jīng)癥患者傾向于認(rèn)為分析師對(duì)患者持有矛質(zhì)(的態(tài)度)，ThiscoincidenceofloveandhateissomethingthatcharacteristicallyrecursintheanalysisofpsychoticementwhichcaneasilytaketheanalystbeyondiisrecsoircnceofloveandhatetowhichIamreferringissomethingdistinctfromtheaggressivecomponentcomplicatingtheprimitiveandimpliesthatinthehistoryofthepatienttherewasanenvironmentalfailureatthetimeoftheinstinctualimpulses?在對(duì)精神病患者分析過(guò)程中，這種愛(ài)恨同時(shí)存在是特征性地反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的，它給分析師帶來(lái)超乎他對(duì)病人的管理Iftheanalystisgoingtohavecrudefeelingsimputedtohimheisbestforewarnedandsoforearmmlfjustifiedinthepresentsettinghastobesortedoutandkeptinstorageandavailable?foreventual如果分析師將要承受歸罪于他的粗魯?shù)母星榈脑?huà)，他最好做好有備無(wú)患，因?yàn)樗仨毴淌鼙朔胖迷谶@個(gè)位置上。首先，他絕對(duì)不能否認(rèn)他自身真實(shí)存有的恨。在當(dāng)前場(chǎng)景下合乎情理的恨，需要被區(qū)分并且保存下來(lái)，留待最終的解Ifwearetobecomeabletobetheanalystsofpsychoticpatientswemusthavereacheddowntoinourselves,andthisisbutanotherexampleofthefactthattheanswertomanyobscureproblemsattemptonthepartofananalysttocarrytheworkofhisownanalysisfurtherthanthepointto如果我們將要成為精神病患的分析師的話(huà)，我們必須能深入接觸到我們自身非常原始的東西，這再次證明,許多精神析師的?種嘗試，努力使他白己的分析工作超越其分析師使他所能領(lǐng)悟到的程度)Amaintaskoftheanalystofanypatientistomaintainobjactivityaspecialcaseofthisistheanalyst'sneedtobeabletohatetheinregardtoallthatpatientobjactively:thepatien:Aretherenotmanysituationsinourordinaryanalyticworkin1swhctejuasiApatientofmine,verybadobsessional,wasalmostloathsometomefo?romfeltyasaboutthisuntiltheanalysisturnedcornerandthepatientbecamelovable,andthenIrealizedthathisunlikeablenesshadbeenanactiveunconsciouslydetermined?Itwasindeedawonderfuldayforme(muchlateron)whenIcouldactualalsoanimportantdayforhim,atremendousadvanceinhisad?justmenttoreality總識(shí)決定的癥狀。(很久以后)當(dāng)我終于可以告訴病人說(shuō)我和他的朋友們?cè)鴮?duì)他感到厭煩的時(shí)候，這的確是?個(gè)美好的日1S但他過(guò)去曾經(jīng)病得很?chē)?yán)重以至于我們沒(méi)辦法告訴他。對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，這也是?個(gè)重要的日(農(nóng)明)他M向現(xiàn)實(shí)的調(diào)整有了驚人的進(jìn)步。?Themainthing,ofcourse,isthatthroughhisownanalysishehasbecomefreefromvastreservunfeltassuch:在通常的分析中.分析師管理他自己的仇恨并不困難。這種恨是潛伏的。當(dāng)然，主要是通過(guò)他自己的分析,他能從那些屬于過(guò)去以及內(nèi)在沖突的，無(wú)恿識(shí)的巨大的恨中解脫出來(lái)。恨之所以不能衣達(dá)甚至不能被感知的其它原因如下：Analysisismychosenjob,thewayIfeelIwillbestdealwithmyownguilt,thewayIcanexpconstructiveway.Igetpaid,orIamintrainingtogainaplaceinsociety?bypsychoanalyticworkIamdiscoveringthngs我獲得報(bào)酬，或者為了通過(guò)精神分析的工作在社會(huì)上取得?個(gè)地位，我正處于訓(xùn)練中。Igetimmediaterewardsrewardssomewayahead,throughidentificationwiththepatient,whoismakingprogress,andIcanse我通過(guò)認(rèn)同正在進(jìn)步的病人即時(shí)獲得回報(bào)，還有我能在治療結(jié)束以后看到前面某種持續(xù)的更人的成就。此外，作為?個(gè)分析師，我也有我農(nóng)達(dá)恨的方法。恨通過(guò)存在著的分析的結(jié)束來(lái)農(nóng)達(dá)出來(lái)。Ithinkthisistrueevenwhenthereisnodifficultywhatever,andwhenthepatientispleasedtothesethingscanbetakenforgranted,sothattheyarescarcelymentioned,andtheanalyticworkisverbalinterpretationofthepatient*semergingunconscious?trferaenaclsttakesovertheroleofoneotherofthehelpfulfiguresofthepatient?*sHechladshoedinonthesuccessofthosewhodidthedi我認(rèn)為這是真實(shí)的，即使沒(méi)有任何困難，病人高興的離開(kāi)的時(shí)候。在很多的分析中，這些東西都是理所當(dāng)然的，以至于幾乎不會(huì)彼提到，分析工作通過(guò)口頭解釋病人浮現(xiàn)出來(lái)的無(wú)總識(shí)的移情來(lái)達(dá)成。分析師扮演了病人童年時(shí)代里對(duì)他有幫助的人物中的某?角色。分析師最人程度上利用了在病人嬰兒期曾做過(guò)苦差事的那些人的成就。Thesethingsarepartofthedescriptionofordinarypsycho-analyticwork,whichismostlyconcerneneuroticquality日常工作里所描述的?部分，它們?nèi)瞬糠峙c具有神經(jīng)癥癥狀的病人有關(guān)。Intheanalysisofpsychotics,however,quiteadifferenttypeanddegreeofstrainistakenbytheapreciselythisdifferentstrainthatIamtrying?todescribe然而，在精神病患的分析中，分析師承受了相當(dāng)不同類(lèi)型和程度的壓力(strain),我想要描繪的正是這種不同的壓力。patients?Thedifficultywasinmyselfanditwaspartlypersonalbutchieflyassociatedwithaclimaxsometimescalleda*healing'?drIanidentallyIwouldaddthatduringmyanalysisandintheyearssofmyanalysisIhavehadalongseriesofthesehealingdreamswhich,althoughinmanycasesunponeofthemmarkedmyarrivalatanewstageinemoto)naldevelopment最近幾天來(lái)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的工作做的不好。我在我的每?位病人身上都犯了錯(cuò)。這個(gè)困難源自我自身而且有部分私人原的這種twophases?InthefirstIwasinthe*gods*inatheatreandlookingdownonthepeopleacastrationanxiety?有這么?個(gè)特別的情景，在我醒來(lái)后，或者甚至是在醒來(lái)前，我就已意識(shí)到這夢(mèng)的總義。這夢(mèng)擁有兩個(gè)階段。在第?階段，我在戲院中的、頂層樓座(gods)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地俯視小隔間里的人們。我感到強(qiáng)烈的焦慮，好像我可能失去?只手或?條腿。這與我在埃菲爾鐵塔頂端的感覺(jué)有關(guān)：那時(shí)我感覺(jué)把手放到了邊界外面,它就會(huì)掉下去。這可能是普通的閹割I(lǐng)nthenextphaseofthedreamIwasawarethatthepeopleinthestallswerewatchingaplayatIha在這個(gè)夢(mèng)的另?個(gè)階段，我總識(shí)到人們?cè)谡龔d的座位上觀看著戲劇，也恿識(shí)到我通過(guò)他們與舞臺(tái)上發(fā)生的AsIwokeIwasawareofhavingunderstoodataverydeeplevelwhatwasmydi?fficuTlyeatthatfirstpartofthedreamrepresentedtheordinaryanxietiesthat;mightdevelopinrespectofunconsciouneuroticpatients?Iwouldbeindangeroflosingmyhandormyfingersifthesepatientsshouldbthem?WiththiskindofanxietyIwasfamiliar,anditwascom?parativelytolerable當(dāng)我醒來(lái)，我就總識(shí)到，在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)刻，我已經(jīng)在?個(gè)非常深的層次上理解了我的困難是什么。夢(mèng)的第?部分代ofmethatIshouldhavenorelationtoherbodyatall,notevenanimaginativeone;therewasdythat;Ishouldhaveonlyamindspeaking?toAthehemiudlminationofmydifficultiesontheeveningbefodreamIhadbecomeirritatedandhadsaidthatwhatshewasneedingofmewaslit?tleTiestterthanhowever,wasthatIshouldunderstandmyownanxietyandthiswasrepresentedinthedreambytrightsideofmybodywhenItriedtogetintorelationtotheplaythatthepeop?leTsthestallsrightsideofmybodywasthesiderelatedtothisparticularpatientandwasthereforeaffectedbyabsolutelyevenanimaginativerelationshipofourbToisesdenialwasproducinginmethispsychotictyperespectofthisdreamtheresultofmyhavingdreameditandremembereditwasthatIwasableagainandeventohealtheharmdonetoitbymyirritabilitywhichhaditsorigininareactivewasappropriatetomycontactwithapatient?withnobody然而，夢(mèng)的第二部分涉及到我和精神病人的關(guān)系。這個(gè)病人曾經(jīng)要求我和她的身體不能有?點(diǎn)關(guān)系，甚至不能有想象的關(guān)系：她認(rèn)識(shí)不到自己的身體，如果她確實(shí)是存在的，也只能感覺(jué)到自己是?種精神。因?yàn)槠渎暦Q(chēng)她有?個(gè)身體是在迫害自己，所以任何對(duì)她身體的提及都會(huì)(使她)產(chǎn)生偏執(zhí)型焦慮。她只需要我與她心與心的交流。在做那個(gè)夢(mèng)之前的夜晚，我的困難達(dá)到了極致，我變得惱怒.并說(shuō)她需要我的并不比吹毛求疵好多少。這件事造成了非常糟糕的影響，以至于用了數(shù)周的時(shí)間，才使得我們的分析工作從我的過(guò)失中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。然而，關(guān)鍵是我需要懂得我自己的的身體是和這個(gè)特定的病人有關(guān)的?側(cè)，因此被她那種對(duì)我們之間哪怕是想象中的聯(lián)系的絕對(duì)拒絕所影響。這個(gè)拒絕使我產(chǎn)生了精神病類(lèi)型的焦慮，比普通閹割焦慮更難忍受。無(wú)論這個(gè)夢(mèng)還能做其他什么解讀，我夢(mèng)到它并記住它的結(jié)果是，我能再次開(kāi)始分析了，甚至修復(fù)了(因我的)易怒而對(duì)分析所造成的傷害。我的這個(gè)易怒來(lái)白于反應(yīng)性焦慮(reactiveanxiet)y,而這個(gè)反應(yīng)性焦慮對(duì)于我同那個(gè)沒(méi)有身體的病人的接觸而言是毫不為過(guò)的。Theanalystmustbepreparedtobearstrainwithoutexpectingthepatienttoknowanythingaboutwpositionofthemotherofaninfantunborno?rua,rnheoughttobeabletotellhispatientwdanalysttoexploitinthetransference?了能做到這?點(diǎn)，他必須是很容易感知到他自己的恐懼和恨?他正處于?個(gè)尚未出生或者剛出生嬰兒的母親的位置上?過(guò)往經(jīng)歷中可供(分析師)利用的好的體驗(yàn)太少。如果在嬰兒早期沒(méi)有令人滿(mǎn)總的關(guān)系給分析師在轉(zhuǎn)移中利用，又Thereisavastdifferencebetweenthosepatientswhohavehadsatisfactoryearlyexperienceswhichcainthetransference,andthosewhoseveryearlyexperienceshavebeensodeficientordistortedthattkindallsortsofthingsinanalytictechniquebecomevitallyimportant,thingsthatcanbmtakenfor在這(兩種)病人之間存在著巨人的差異：(?種)病人擁有滿(mǎn)總的早期經(jīng)驗(yàn)(這個(gè)可以在轉(zhuǎn)移中彼發(fā)現(xiàn)), (另?種病人)他們?cè)缙诘慕?jīng)驗(yàn)是如此的匱乏或者扭曲以致于分析師不得不成為其生命中第?個(gè)提供某種環(huán)境要素的Iaskedacolleaguewhetherhedoesanalysisinthedark,andhesaid:''Why,no!Surelyourjobitowardsanalysisofneuro?ticsButthisprovisionandmaintenanceofanordinaryenvironmentcanbeinvitallyimportantthingintheanalysisofapsychotic,infactitcanbe,attimes,evenmoreimportawarmthandcomfortcanbesymbolicalof1sthov;otoerthepsychoticitwouldbemoretruetosaytthingsarethean1lyshysicalexpressionof?loehecouchistheanalyst*slaporwomb,andthewa我問(wèn)?位同事是否在黑暗中做分析，他說(shuō)：、為什么?。?當(dāng)然)不！我們的工作就是捉供?個(gè)平常的環(huán)境:而黑暗是不尋常的?！ㄋ@訝于我的問(wèn)題＜=神經(jīng)癥患者的分析是他的(工作)方向。而在分析精神病患者時(shí),提供并保持?個(gè)平常的環(huán)境本身就很可能是極其重要的，事實(shí)上，有時(shí)候，甚至比分析中必須給予的語(yǔ)言上的解釋更為重要。對(duì)于神經(jīng)癥患者而言，沙發(fā)、溫暖和舒適很可能就是母愛(ài)的象征：對(duì)于精神病患而言,這些東西更是分析師身體的愛(ài)的農(nóng)達(dá)。沙發(fā)是分析師的人腿或了宮，溫暖是分析師身體溫度的活生生的體現(xiàn)等等。etchateisordinarilylatentandiseasilyso.Inanalysisofpsychoticstheanalystisundergreaterstraintokeephishatelatent,andhecanthoroughlyawareof?itIwanttoaddthatincertainstagesofcertainanalysestheanalyst*shatebythepatientandwhatisthenneededishate?thafiheobjpatecveseeksobjactiveorjustifiedhatemustbeabletoreachit,elsehecannotfeelhecan?reachobjectivelove希望我對(duì)這個(gè)主題的陳述有?個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。分析師的恨通常是潛伏的而且容易?直這樣。在精神病患的分析中，分in點(diǎn)，就是在?些分析的某些特定階段分析師的恨事實(shí)上會(huì)彼病人搜尋，而這個(gè)時(shí)候需耍的是客觀的恨。如果病人尋找Itisperhapsrelevantheretocitethecaseofthechildofthebrokenhome,o?rSthcildchiwldithoutseemsthathecanbelieveinbeinglovedonlyafterreac?hingbeinghatedDuringthesecondWorldWaraboyofninecametoahostelforevacuatedchildren,sentfromLobombsbutbecauseoftr?uanIcybuthisdonefromeverywheresincethehopedtogivehimsometreatmentduringhisstayinthehostel,symptomHowoenver,anhdranawayinterviewinwhichIadrawingofhisthatinrunningawayhewasandinterpretthroughunconsciouslysavingtheinsideofhishomeandpreservinghismotherfromassault,aswellastryingtogetawayfromhisowninnerworld,whch在二ws期fullofp逗H時(shí)第?次從家里逃跑以后就如此。然而，在?次而談中，我通過(guò)他的畫(huà)，得以領(lǐng)會(huì)并能夠解釋?zhuān)谔优苤?，他無(wú)總識(shí)地stationsthatdidnotknowhimntimMaytelywifeverygenerouslytookhiminandkepthimforthreemweknewwhattoe?xpetedealtwiththefirstphasebygivinghimcompletefreedomandashillingwentout?Hehadonlytoringupandwefetchedhimfromwhateverpolicestationhadtakencha當(dāng)他出現(xiàn)在離我家很近的警察局的時(shí)候，我不是很驚訝。這是為數(shù)不多的對(duì)他并不熟知的警察局之爲(wèi)我的妻了非常大方地接受了他，并讓他在我家待了三個(gè)月，如地獄般的三個(gè)月。他是孩了中最可愛(ài)也是最令人惱火的，經(jīng)常是令人完全抓狂的。但幸運(yùn)的是我們預(yù)料到了。第?個(gè)階段，我們這樣對(duì)待他：給他充分的自由，無(wú)論何時(shí)當(dāng)他出門(mén)時(shí)都給他?先令。無(wú)論他彼哪個(gè)警察局接管，他只需要打?個(gè)電話(huà)，我們就把他接出來(lái)。Soontheexpectedchange-overoccurred,thetruancysymptomturnedround,andtheboystarteddrama不久，預(yù)料中的轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)生了，逃學(xué)的癥狀不見(jiàn)了，男孩開(kāi)始將暴力在內(nèi)部戲劇化。對(duì)我們兩個(gè)人而言，這真是?個(gè)全I(xiàn)nterpretationhadtobemadeatanyminuteofdayornight,andoftentheonlysolutioninacricorrectinterpretation,asiftheboywere?inItanlsisthecorrectinterpretationthathevaluedaboveeverything?我們不得不隨時(shí)地.不分歴夜地給出解釋?zhuān)医?jīng)常是在危機(jī)中唯?所提供的是給出正確的解釋.就好像男孩正在做分析?樣。他將正確的解釋看得高于?切。Theimportantthingforthepurposeofthispaperisthewayinwhichtheevolutionoftheboy*engenderedhateinme,andwhat;I?didaboutitDidIhithim?TheanswerisnoIBuevrshtuldhavehadtohavedonesoifIhadnotknownhateandifIhadnotlethimknowaboutittoo.A*tcrisesIwouldtakehimbybodilystrength,assoonashehadrecoveredfromhisma?niacalattack我打了他嗎？答案是沒(méi)有，我從不這樣做。但是，如果我不知道我的恨，如果我也不讓他知道，可能會(huì)不得不打他。在他發(fā)作時(shí)，我會(huì)用身體的力量來(lái)制服他，不帶有憤怒和責(zé)備，讓他站在人門(mén)外，無(wú)論天氣如何，是白天或者黑夜。有?個(gè)特制的門(mén)鈴他可以按。并且他知道，如果他按了它.他會(huì)彼重新接受并且我們會(huì)對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情只字不Theimportantthingisthateachtime,justasIputhimoutsidethedoor,Itoldhimsomething;Ihappenedhadmademehatehim.Thiswaseasybecause?itwassotrue重要的是，每次我把他放在門(mén)外，我會(huì)告訴他?些東西。我說(shuō)，發(fā)生的這件事讓我恨他。這是很容易的，因?yàn)樗侨鏘thinkthesewordswereimportantfromthepointofviewofhisprogress,buttheyweremainlyimetotoleratethesituationwithoutlettingout,withoutlosingmytemperandwithouteverynowandhim.我認(rèn)為，從他進(jìn)步的角度上來(lái)看，這些話(huà)語(yǔ)很重要：但最重要的是，這些話(huà)語(yǔ)使我能夠容忍這樣的情形?而不是打topicofhatejustifiedinthepresent;thisistobedistinguishedfromhatethatisonlyjustifiedinwhichistappedbysomeactionof?apatientol理由OutofallthecomplexityoftheproblemofhateanditsrootsIwanttorescueonething,becausemother,andbeforethebabycanknowhismotherhateshim.在所有恨及其根源這個(gè)問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性之中，我想指出?點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲蚁嘈胚@對(duì)于和精神病患工作的分析師來(lái)說(shuō)非常重muchthatisoriginalandilluminatingabouthate,*reudmis:atapinchsayofaninstinctthatit"loves"theobjectsafterwhichitstrivesforpurposesofsatisfaction,buttosaythat;it"hates"anoodd,sowebecomeawarethat;theattitudesofloveandhatecannotbesaidtocharacterizetherendthatthepersonalitymustbeintegratedbeforeaninfantcanbesaidtohate?Howeverearlyintegratiogeinwhichwhatevertheinfantdoesthathurtsisn?otIdoveinustetheterm'ruthlesslove*indescrithisstage?Isthisacceptable?Astheinfantbecomesabletofeeltobeawholeperson,sodoesthmeaningasadescriptionofacertaingroupo?fhisfeelings在進(jìn)?步閘述這個(gè)主題之前，我想引用弗洛伊德的論點(diǎn)。在《本能及其命運(yùn)》(InstinctsandtheirVicissitudes,1915)中，卯洛伊徳在恨的問(wèn)題上提出了許多獨(dú)創(chuàng)的和有啟發(fā)性的說(shuō)法。列洛伊德說(shuō):'、我們?cè)诒匾獣r(shí)可以說(shuō)，在為達(dá)到其妙。所以我們恿識(shí)到，愛(ài)和恨的態(tài)度不能用來(lái)描述本能和其客體之間的關(guān)系，而是自我作為?個(gè)整體和客體之間的關(guān)系?…〃我認(rèn)為這是正確且重要的。這難道不盤(pán)味著在嬰兒可以說(shuō)會(huì)恨之前，人格必須是整合的嗎？然而，早期的整合是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的一整合可能最早發(fā)生在興奮或憤怒的最高階段一這個(gè)理論上更早的階段是，不論嬰兒做什么傷害Themother,however,hatesherinfantfromthewordgo.IbelieveFreudthoughtitpossiblethataeweappreciateitsrealityand?poetrmegivesomeofthereasonswhyamotherhatesherbaby,eve使是男孩)的理由：babyisnotherownmentalconception。孩兄弟的孩了?等等。Thebabyisadangertoherbodyinpregnan?cyandatbirthThebabyisaninterferencewithherprivatelife,achallenge?topreoccupationToaegreaterorlesserextentamotherfeelsthatherownmotherdemandsababy,sothatherba6、這個(gè)媽媽或多或少地感到，她自己的母親需要?個(gè)小孩，因此她生孩(只是為了安撫她的母親。Thebabyhurtshernipplesevenbysuckling,whichisatfirst?achewingactivity7、嬰兒在吮吸時(shí)甚至傷害到了她的乳頭，剛開(kāi)始(喝奶)時(shí)簡(jiǎn)直就是在嚼。Heisruthless,treatsherasscum,anunpaids?ervant,aslaveShehastolovehim,excretionsandall,atanyrateatthebeginning,tillhe?hasdoubtsabouthimHetriestohurther,periodicallybitesher?,allinloveHisexcitedloveiscupboardlove,sothat;havinggotwhat;hewantshethrowsherawaylikeoran12、令他興奮的對(duì)她的愛(ài)就像對(duì)碗櫥的愛(ài)，得到了他想要的之后，就把她像橘(皮?樣丟棄了。Thebabyatfirstmustdominate,hemustbeprotectedfromcoincidences,lifemustunfoldatthebaAtfirsthedoesnotknowatallwhatshedoesorwhatshesacrificesforhim.Especially?hecannoHeissuspicious,refuseshergoodfood,andmakesherdoubtherself,bute?atswellwithhisauntAfteranawfulmorningwithhimshegoesout,andhesmilesata*ssrngr,twheoIIst;?:Ifshefailshimatthestartsheknowshewillp?ayheroutforeverHeexcitesherbutfru—sttesmustn*teathimortradeinsexwithhim.她興奮，但也使她感到挫畋一她不能吃了他，也不能與他有性交易。IIthinkthatintheanalysisofpsychotics,andintheultimatestagesoftheanalysis,evenofanalystmustfindhimselfinawiththeanalystorappreciatehispointofviewanymorethanthefoetusornewlyborninfantcanmother?我認(rèn)為，在對(duì)精神病人的分析工作中，在分析的最后階段(甚至是正常人的)，分析師應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于類(lèi)似于新生兒母親的位置上。在深度退行時(shí)，病人對(duì)分析師的認(rèn)同或者其觀點(diǎn)的領(lǐng)會(huì)，不會(huì)比胎兒或者新生兒與母親的Amotherhastobeabletotoleratehatingherbabywithoutdoinganythingaboutit.Shecannotexfearofwhatshemaydo,shecannothateappropriatelywhenhurtbyherchildshemustfallbackamotherisherabilitytobehurtsomuchbyherbabyandtohatesomuchwithoutpayingtheofthenurseryrhshesings,whichherbabyenjoysbutfortunatelydoesnotunderstand?1RockabyeBaby,onthetreetop,Whenthewindblowsthecradlewillrock,Whentheboughbreaksthecradlewillfall,Downwillcomebabycradleandall?個(gè)母親必須能夠容忍自己去恨她的孩了而不付諸任何行動(dòng)。她不能向他農(nóng)達(dá)這種恨恿。出于害怕她可能要做的事情，如果她在彼她的孩了?傷害時(shí)不能適當(dāng)?shù)娜ズ?，她就?huì)陷入自虐中。我認(rèn)為，正是這樣才引岀了女性是天報(bào)復(fù)他；(也)在于她能夠等待未來(lái)那可能會(huì)有，也可能不會(huì)有的回報(bào)。或許某些她所唱的童謠對(duì)她是有幫助的？幸運(yùn)的是她的寶寶很學(xué)受卻聽(tīng)不懂。在樹(shù)梢，寶寶和搖籃?塊兒掉。“knowingthatthepare我nt認(rèn)為is母親(或父親)在與嬰兒玩這個(gè)游戲時(shí)，嬰inthe兒很學(xué)受這個(gè)游戲，卻不知道也許從出生的象征性