2021-2022年山東省日照市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2021-2022年山東省日照市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Newtreeseedlingswillnotsurvivetoreachthecanopylevelunless______.

2.

______isveryimportanttotheabsorptionoftherainfall.

3.

Overallsecuritycanbedamagedbyconflictsbetweentherefugeesandtheinternallydis-placedwhichcanberesultedinunfairprovisionof______tothem.

4.

Becausepeoplehavenotconvincinglyfoundanyalienlifeforms,suchformsarejustour_____.

5.Generalizedanxietydisordercanbecausedlargelyby______.

A.people'sworries,uncertainties,endfears

B.theeconomicandsocialproblems

C.somespecificphenomenon

D.individualcircumstances

6.Gossip

Evenifyou'venevertakenaclassin18thcenturyRussianhistory,you'veprobablyheardthestoryaboutCatherinetheGreat.Accordingtothelore,CatherineⅡ,EmpressofRussia,diedunderquestionablecircumstancesinvolvingahorse.Ifyouasksomeonewhohasafondnessforhistoryorurbanlegends,though,you'lllearnthatthestoryisn'ttree.CatherineⅡreallydiedofastroke,andnohorseswerepresent.

Introduction

ThestoryofCatherinetheGreatandthehorseisn'tarecentinvention—itstartedoutasgossipmorethan200yearsago.It'snotjustajuicystory;it'sagoodillustrationofthenatureofgossip.

It'salmostimpossibletofigureoutwhotoldthestoryfirst.HistoriansbelievethattheFrenchupperclasscreatedtherumorinanattempttodestroyCatherine'sreputation.

Itstartedmsamalicious(用意歹毒的)attempttoslander(誹謗)someoneandpossiblytoimprovethesocialstandingofthepeoplewhomadeupthestory.

Whenpeoplerepeatittoday,theybelieveitistrue,inspiteofitsinherentoutlandishness(古怪).

Thetaleispersistentandwidespread.It'sstayedaroundforhundredsofyears,andnomatterhowmanyhistoriansrefuteit,peoplestillpassiton.

It'sthekindofnewsmostpeoplecan'thelpspreadingaround,evenifthey'veresolvedtospendlesstimegossiping.

Eventhoughsomeofthedetailsmighthavechanged,thecoreofthestoryisthesameasitwas200yearsago.Inthisrespect,realgossipisdifferentfromthe"telephonegame"oftenusedtoteachchildrenaboutitshazards.

However,unlikethestoryofCatherineⅡ,notallgossipismaliciousoruntrue.Likeswearing,anotheruseoflanguagemanypeopletrytoavoid,gossipplaysanumberofroleswithinsocialgroups,andsomeofthemcanactuallybeuseful.

Sociologists,linguists,psychologistsandhistoriansareamongthepeoplewhoresearchgossipandhowitfunctionsinsociety.It'satrickyphenomenontostudy,though.Peopleusuallygossipspontaneouslyandinprivate,soit'salmostimpossibletostudygossipinalaboratorysetting.Infact,manyresearchersstudygossipbyeavesdropping(偷聽(tīng))ongossipers.

Inaddition,whenresearchersstudygossip,theydon'tallusethesamedefinition.Moststartwiththesamebasicidea:Gossipisaconversationbetweentwopeoplethatconcernsathirdpersonwhoisnotpresent.Differentresearchersthenaddarangeofstipulations.

Theconversationtakesplaceinprivate.

Thepeople-talkingaretransmittinginformationasthoughitwerefact,buttheyhavenotconfirmedtheinformationasfactual.

Thepeoplegossipingandthepersonbeinggossipedaboutknoweachotherinreallife.Bythisdefinition,celebritygossipisnotreallygossipunlessthespeakerandthelistenerarefriendswiththecelebrityinquestion.

Somethinginthespeaker'sbodylanguageortoneofvoicesuggestsamoraljudgmentabouttheinformationbeingrelayed.Forexample,thesentence"Claragotapuppy"soundsprettyneutral.ButifClaralivesinacollegedormthatdoesn'tallowpetsandthepersonspeakingsoundsscandalized,thesentencebecomesgossip.

Thepeoplegossipingcompare,themselvesinsomewaytothepersonbeinggossipedabout,usuallyconsideringthemselvestobesuperiortothesubject.

Gossipisfullofcontradictions.Peopledoiteventhoughtheythinktheyshouldn't.Gossipcanbolster(助長(zhǎng))oneperson'sreputationwhiledestroyinganother's,anditcanestablishatrustingbondbetweentwopeoplewhilebetrayingthetrustofathird.Peoplewhogossiptoomuchcandevelopareputationforbeinguntrustworthyortootalkative.Butpeoplewhodon'tgossipcandevelopareputationforbeingdistant,uptightorsnobbish.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Theculturallypatterned______aredifferentintheUnitedStates,JapanandIndia.

8.

CollegeeducationistoblameforthefailureofAmerica'smathandscienceeducation.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Todiagnoseinfluenza,thevirusmustbeidentifiedbyusingamicroscope.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

HowdomostcollegesuseSATIIscores?

A.Theyusethescoresforadmissionpurposes.

B.Theyusethescorestoplacethestudentsintherightprograms.

C.Theyusethescorestoselectstudents'leaders.

D.Theyusethescorestograntscholarships.

11.

AccordingtoWinston,themethodsof"leveraging"canhelppeople_______.

12.

GMfieldsuse______herbicides.

13.

WritersofMarkTwain'stimedoesnotseehimashighlyasthelaterwritersdo.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Budgetforlegislationmaydoubletheexpenditureson______in10years.

15.

Thewriterthoughtthatoneoftheachievementshehadwasthat______.

A.hebegantolovelearning

B.hewaspromotedinthepostalofficeaftergettingthediploma

C.hehadlearnedtoignorenegativecomments

D.hehadnodifficultywhenheembarkedonanewcareer

16.

Youcanbouncebackquicklyandeasilyminorcomputerdisasterswiththehelpof

A.makingdisasterplansandrunningdrills

B.agoodoffsitestorageplan

C.therighttools

D.bothBandC

17.

Manyswimmingpoolsofferlessonsto______.

A.peoplewhoarebeginnersofswimming

B.localresidentswholivedowntown

C.swimmersofyearsofexperience

D.athleteswhowanttoimprovetheirtechniques

18.

Oxygenwasformedbytheprocesscalled______.

19.

Thecareerinflectionpointcandeterminewhetherabusinesscansucceedornot.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Theworld'spopulationwillincreasein2000to9.3billionpeople.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.【B5】

22.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Mostpeopleknowatleastsomeoftheoldwaysofpredictingweather.(26)Mostoftheseolderwaysdependedoncarefulobservationofthebehavior.ofanimalsandinsectsandoftheappearanceofclouds,thesun.themoonandgrowingplants.Butwearemostlycity-livingpeopleandhaveforgottentheoriginofmanyofthesewaysofforetellingweather.Weshouldnotlaughattheseexamplesofweatherwisdom,however.Sincetheyarebasedonwhatpeoplehaveseenyearafteryeartheyareoftenquiteaccurate.

Animalsarecommonlythoughttobemoresensitivetochangesintheweatherthanwehumanbeings.Oursenseshavebecomedull:(27)wearenotsoclosetonatureandourlivesdonotdependsomuchonwarningsgivenbythesensesasanimalsdo.

(28)Everycountryhasitsownparticularweatherwisdomconnectedwithanimals.Innortherncountries,wherewintersarehard,thebehavior.ofanimalswhichhibernateormigrateistakentoindicatewhatsortofwinteriscoming.Thesquirrelsmaybeseengatheringtheirfoodsupplyofnutsearlierthanusual;thedormousemaydigmoredeeplythanusual,themigratingbirdsmaygatherfortheirflightsouthearlierthanusual.Allthesesignswouldbeseenbythecountrymanaspredictionsofanespeciallyseverewintertocome.Accordingtosomanyexampleswecouldseeanimalsaresosensitive,andtheirsensesaremoreaccuratethanourhumanbeings.Ifwe'llfindtheextraordinaryoftheirbehaviors,sopayattentiontoit.

(27)

A.Becausemanypeoplebelieveinoldwaysofpredictingweather.

B.Becausecitydwellershavenootherwaysofpredictingweather.

C.Becauseitisbasedonlongexperienceandobservation.

D.Becausewehavenootheroriginsofforetellingweather.

23.聽(tīng)力原文：Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.(26)Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuchpriorityitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.Theproblemishowtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.

Ifspellingbecomestheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelyto"playitsafe".Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.(27)That'swhyteacherstimeandagainencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.

Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:"Thisworkisterrible!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible".Itmayhavebeena(28)sharpcriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedmentionofthechild'sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,(29)butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,anexpressionofhisencouragementinthepupil'sfreepresentationwouldhavegivenhimmoremotivationtoseekimprovement.

(33)

A.Thedifficultiesinteachingspelling.

B.Theroleofspellingingenerallanguagedevelopment.

C.Thecomplexitiesofthebasicwritingskills.

D.Thenecessityofteachingspelling.

24.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Canyouworkformetomorrowfrom1:30P.m.to5:00P.m.?Yousee,IhaveameetingandIneedsomeone,tofillinhosehoursforme.

W:Idon'tknowifIcan.Ihaveanappointmenttomorrowat3:00P.m.Ireallycan'tcanceliteither.Icanworkaboutanhourforyou,though,ifthat'llhelp.

Q:Whydoesthemanwantthewomantoworkforhim?

(14)

A.Hehastofillinforsomeone.

B.Hehasanappointment.

C.Hehasameeting.

D.Hedoesn'tgiveareason.

25.(34)

A.Theyneverforgetgreatsadness.

B.Theyneverremembergreatsadness.

C.Theyneverremembergreathappiness.

D.Theycan'trememberthingsverywell.

26.

【B10】

27.聽(tīng)力原文：W:IreallywanttoknowwhyNancyisalwayssohostiletowardme.

M:Didyoueverthinkofjustcomingrightoutandaskingher?

Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanshoulddo?

(14)

A.BehostiletoNancy.

B.AskNancytocomeout.

C.TalktoNancyherself.

D.WriteNancyaletter.

28.(46)

29.

【B11】

30.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Ifwehurrywecantaketheexpresstrainandsaveanhour.

M:Yes.TheexpresstakesonlytwohourstogettoTokyo.

Q:HowlongdoesittakethelocaltraintoTokyo?

(17)

A.Onehour.B.Threehours.C.Twohours.D.Fourhours.

31.

【B8】

32.【B11】

33.(13)

A.Thewomanoftencomestoseetheman.

B.Lindaoftentakescareofthewoman.

C.ThewomanwantstohelpLinda.

D.ThewomanisLinda'steacher.

34.(35)

A.Becauseofitssize.

B.Becauseofitsfuel.

C.Becauseofitscomplicatedengine.

D.Becauseofitsburningtime.

35.(39)

36.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Drunkendriving—sometimescalledAmerica'ssociallyacceptedform.ofmurder—hasbecomeanational【B1】______.EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmerican'son【B2】______arekilledbydrunkendrivers,addinguptoan【B3】______250,000overthepastdecade.

Adrunkendriverisusuallydefinedasonewitha0.10bloodalcoholcontentor【B4】______threebeers,glassesofwineorshotsofwhiskydrunkwithintwohours.HeavydrinkingusedtobeanacceptablepartoftheAmericanmanimageandjudgesweretolerantinmostcourts,butthedrunken【B5】______hasrecentlycausedsomanywell-publicizedtragedies,especiallyinvolvingyoungchildren,thatpublicopinionisnolongersotolerant.

Twentystateshaveraisedthelegaldrinkingageto21,【B6】______atrendinthe1960storeduceitto18.Reformers,however,fearraisingthedrinkingagewillhavelittleeffectunless【B7】______byeducationalprogramstohelpyoungpeopletodevelopresponsibleattitudesaboutdrinkingandteachthemtoresist【B8】______pressuretodrink.

Toughnewlawshaveledtoincreasedarrestsandtestsand,inmanyareasalready,toamarkeddeclineinfatalities.【B9】______.AbarinMassachusettswasfinedforservingsixormoredoublebrandiestoacustomerwhowasobviouslydrunkandlaterdroveofftheroad,killinganine-year-oldboy.

【B10】______thatbeganin1919,whatPresidentHoovercalledthenobleexperiment.【B11】______.Aswiththeboomingdrugtradegenerally,thereisnoeasysolution.

【B1】

37.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Ohmygoodness!I'vespilledflouralloverthekitchenfloorandmycakeisn'treadyfortheovenyet.

M:I'llgetthebroom,thedustpanandcleanitupforyou.

Q:Whatisthemangoingtodoforthewomanwhileshe'sgettingthecakereadyfortheoven?

(16)

A.He'sgoingtohelpthewomanbakehercake.

B.Heisgoingtobuysomecake.

C.Heisgoingtosweepthestudyfloor.

D.Hewillgetabroomanddustpantocleanupthefloor.

38.(26)

A.Sheisn'tthereinthemorning.

B.Herassistantisn'tthereinthemorning.

C.Shewon'thavetheformsheneedsuntiltheafternoon.

D.Sheisn'tasbusyintheafternoon.

39.(24)

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Bossandsecretary.

C.Interviewerandinterviewee.

D.Fatheranddaughter.

40.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Jackseemstofancypainting.Onthewallsofhisbedroom,therearesomanyfamouspictures.Someofthemarepriceless.

M:However,hedoesnotlikevisitingtheartmuseumbecauseheconsidersitanoisyplace.

Q:WhatcanweconcludeaboutJackfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

B.Helikespicturesverymuch.

C.Helikesvisitingtheartmuseumverymuch.

D.Hethinkstheartmuseumisaveryquietplace.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

ScientistRamOrenisoftheopinionthatcommonbeliefsofthetree'sabilitytoabsorbcarbondioxideare______.

A.biasedB.insightfulC.overoptimisticD.totallywrong

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Inrecentyears,railroadshavebeencombiningwitheachyear,mergingintosupersystems,causingheightenedconcernsaboutmonopoly.Asrecentlyas1995,thetopfourrailroadsaccountedforunder70%ofthetotalton-milesmovedbyrails.Nextyear,afteraseriesofmergersiscompleted,justfourrailroadswillcontrolwellover90%ofallthefreightmovedbymajorrailcarriers.

Supportersofthenewsupersystemsarguethatthesemergerswillallowforsubstantialcostreductionsandbettercoordinatedservice.Anythreatofmonopoly,theyargue,isremovedbyfiercecompetitionfromtrucks.Butmanyshipperscomplainthatforheavybulkcommoditiestravelinglongdistances,truckingistoocostlyandtherailroads

Thevastconsolidationwithintherailindustrymeansthatmostshippersareservedbyonlyonerailcompany.Railroadstypicallychargesuch"captive"shippers20to30percentmorethantheydowhenanotherrailroadiscompetingforthebusiness.Shipperswhofeelthattheyarebeingoverchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalgovernment'sSurfaceTransportationBoardforratebelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,timeconsuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.

Railroadsjustifyratediscriminationagainstcaptiveshippersonthegroundsthatinthelongrunitreduceseveryone'scost.Ifrailroadschargedallcustomersthesameaveragerate,theyargue,shipperswhohavetheoptionofswitchingtotrucksorotherformsoftransportationwoulddoso,leavingremainingcustomerstoshoulderthecostofkeepinguptheline.It'satheorytowhichmanyeconomistssubscribe,butinpracticeitoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail."Dowereallywantrailroadstobethearbitersofwhowinsandwholosesinthemarketplace?"asksMartinBercovici,aWashingtonlawyerwhofrequentlyrepresentsshippers.

Manycaptiveshippersalsoworrytheywillsoonbehitwitharoundofhugerateincreases.Therailroadindustryasawhole,despiteitsbrighteningfortunes,stilldoesnotearnenoughtocoverthecostofthecapitalitmustinvesttokeepupwithitssurgingtraffic.Yetrailroadscontinuetoborrowbillionsmacquireoneanother,withWallStreetcheeringthemon.Considerthe$10.2billionbidbyNorfolkSouthernandCSXtoacquireConrailthisyear.Conrail'snetrailwayoperatingincomein1996wasjust$427million,lessthanhalfofthecarryingcostofthetransaction.Who'sgoingtopayfortherestofthebill?Manycaptiveshippersfearthattheywill,asNorfolkSouthernandCSXincreasetheirgriponthemarket.

Accordingtothosewhosupportmergers,railwaymonopolyisunlikelybecause______.

A.costreductionisbasedoncompetition

B.servicescallforcross-tradecoordination

C.outsidecompetitorswillcontinuetoexist

D.shipperswillhavetherailwaybythethroat

43.

Intheauthor'sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT______.

A.asenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

44.Gamingwillnotbeinfluencedbywidereconomiccycleunlessitbecomesa______.

45.Tostrengthenmoralinstruction,parentsshouldfixintotheirchildren'smindasenseof______.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

MillionsofU.S.collegestudentswillhavetoshouldermoreofthecostoftheireducationunderfederalrulesimposedlatelastmonththroughabureaucratic(官僚政治的)adjustmentrequiringneitherCongressionalapprovalnorpubliccommentofanykind.Thechanges,onlyaslightalterationintheformulagoverningfinancialaid,areexpectedtodiminishthegovernment'scontributiontohighereducationbyhundredsofmillionsofdollars,startingintheautumnof2004.Buttheywillalsohavearippleeffectacrossalmosteveryleveloffinancialaid,shrinkingthepoolofstudentswhoqualifyforfederalawards,tighteningaccesstobillionsofdollarsinstateandinstitutionalgrants,andheighteningtherelianceonloanstopayforcollege.

Howmuchmoremoneythismayrequireofstudentsandtheirparentswillvarywidely,changingwitheachfamily'ssetofcircumstances.Somefamiliesmaybeexpectedtopayanextra$100orlesseachyear,whileothersmayowewellover$1,000more.Whilemanycollegeadministratorscharacterizedthechangeasabackdoorwaytocuteducationspending,withoutpublicdiscussion,theDepartmentofEducationsaiditwassimplyexecutingitsresponsibilitiesunderfederallaw.

Whetherfurnishedbycolleges,statesorthefederalgovernment,thevastmajorityofthenation's$90billioninfinancialaidisdictatedbyasingle,intricateequationknownasthefederalneedanalysis.Itspurposeistomakeouthowmuchofafamily'sincomeistrulydiscretionary(自由支配的),andthereforefairgameforcoveringcollegeexpenses.Muchlikethefederalincometax,theformulaallowsfamiliestodeductsomeofwhattheypayinstateandlocaltaxes.But,thisyear,thedepartmentsignificantlyreducedthatamount,insomecasescuttingitinhalf.Onpaper,atleast,thatleavesfamilieswithmoremoneyleftovertopayforcollege,eventhoughstateandlocaltaxeshavegoneupoverthelastyear,notdown.

Inthe2004—2005academicyear,whenthechangesfirsttakeeffect,parentswhoearn$50,000ayearmaybeexpectedtocontribute$700orsobeyondwhattheyarealreadypaying,accordingtoanindependentanalysisconductedbyaconsultingfirmthathelpsuniversitiessetenrollmentandaid.Thoseearningabout$25,000mayoweonlyanextra$165orless,whilefamiliesearning$80,000couldbeexpectedtopayanadditional$1,100ormore.

Theexpression"rippleeffect"(Para.1)mostprobablymeans"__________".

A.chainreaction

B.cumulativeeffect

C.immediateresponse

D.long-lastingimpact

47.

WelearnfromHans'storythat________isveryimportantinobservation.

48.(56)

49.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisalwaystrueaccordingtothesurveysmentionedinthepassage?

A.Consumerswillpostponebuyingthingsiftheythinkpriceswilldecrease.

B.Consumerstendtospendtheirmoneyquickiftheythinkthepricewillincrease.

C.Thepricesituationhasaninfluenceonconsumers'behavior.

D.Traditionalassumptionsaboutearningandspendinghavetheirownreasons.

50.

Theauthorimpliedbutdidnotstatethatduringthe1920's______.

A.moviesweredevelopingintoanartisticform

B.movieswereusedforpropagandapurposes

C.theentirefilmindustrywasdominatedbyEuropeanmoviemakers

D.comediesandwesternsdidnotinspireanycultsorschoolsofesthetics

51.(55)

52.

Accordingtopoliticians,whenchildrencommitcrimes,theyshouldbetreatedinthesamewayas______.

53.

Theauthorgaveithis"bestshot"because______.

A.hewasverycompetitivethen

B.hewasgratefultoMr.Priestley

C.hisclassmateshadgreatfaithinhim

D.ittookhimalongtimeforpreparation

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TheNationalTrustinBritain,togetherwithsimilarvoluntaryorganization,playsanincreasinglyimportantpartinthepreservationforpublicenjoymentofthebestlandthatisleftunspoiledoftheBritishcountryside.AlthoughtheTrusthasreceivedpracticalandmoralsupportfromthegovernment,itisnotarichgovernment,supportedbypublictaxes.Itisavoluntaryassociationofpeoplewhocarefortheunspoiledcountrysideandtheancientsitestopreservethemforthepermanentenjoymentofthepublic.Itisacharitywhichdependsforitsexistenceonvoluntarysupportfrommembersofthepublic.Ithas160000membersinEngland,WalesandNorthernIrelandwhopayasmallsubscriptioneachyear,anditsprimarydutiesaretoprotectforthenationplacesofgreatnaturalbeautyandplacesofhistoricalinterestandpreservethemfromthedangersofmoderndevelopmentandextinction.

TheattentionofthepublicwasfirstdrawntothedangersthreateningthegreatoldhousesandcastlesofBritainbythelateLordLothian,whoin1936saidthat,asaresultoftaxationandestateduty,mostoftheseancienthouseswereundersentenceofdeath.WhenhediedhelefthisgreatseventhcenturyhouseandallitscontentstotheTrusttogetherwith4500-acreparkandestatesurroundingit.ThisgiftattractedwidepublicityanditstartedtheTrust's"CountryHouseScheme".Underthescheme,withthecooperationofthegovernmentandthankstothegenerosityofthegeneralpublic,theTrusthasbeenabletosaveandmakeaccessibletothepublicaboutonehundredandfiftyoftheseoldhouses,togetherwithoftenveryvaluablecontents.Wheneverpossible,theTrustseekstomaintaincontinuityandtopreservetheseaslivingrealitiesratherthanasdeadmuseums.ItistheviewoftheTrustthatthefamilieswhogivethemtothenationandwhoseancestorscreatedthemmakethebestpossiblecurators.

InadditiontocountryhousesandopenspacestheTrustnowownssomeexamplesofancientwindandwatermills,gardens,Romanantiquities(遺跡),farmsandsmallvillages,aswellascompletevillages.Inthesevillagesnooneisallowedtobuild,developordisturbtheoldvillageenvironmentandallhousesmaintaintheiroriginalsixteen-centurystyle.Thepublichasfreeaccesstotheseareasandisonlyaskedtorespectthepeace,beautyandwildlife.

TheNationalTrustis______.

A.agovernmentdepartment

B.acharity

C.agroupofareasofgreatnaturalbeauty

D.anorganizationofgreatnaturalbeauty

55.Theconclusionsfromthestudyindicatethat______.

A.thepursuitofhighself-esteemisatrendofmodernliving

B.whatisbeneficialforthecountryisself-controlratherthanself-esteem

C.itisproductivetopromotethetraditionalculturevalueofself-esteem

D.modestyandhumilityshouldbeemphasizedtoavoidharmfuleffectofhighself-esteem

56.

Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassagemean?

A.It'seasytounderstandanimalconsciousness.

B.It'seasytounderstandanimalshaveconsciousness.

C.It'ssensibletobelieveinanimalconsciousness.

D.It'ssensibletobelieveanimalshaveconsciousness.

57.

Withtheexperimentgoingon,thetworesearchersfindthat______.

A.studentparticipantshurtlessandlessaftersufferingtheunintentionalshocks

B.studentparticipantshurtmoreandmoreaftersufferingtheunintentionalshocks

C.studentparticipantshurtmoreandmoreaftersufferingthePerceiveddeliberateshocks

D.studentparticipantshurtlessandlessaftersufferingtheperceiveddeliberateshocks

58.

Thephrase"gounder"inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

59.

【C9】

60.

Theauthorspecificallymentionsthat______.

A.blackAmericansaremostprejudiciallytreatedintheU.S.

B.discriminationintheSouthwasnotmoreobviousthanintheNorth

C.thesituationofblacksisalmostthesametodayasitwasinthe1930s

D.afterblacksbecamefreepeopletheydidn'texperiencediscriminationinemploymentandpublicfacilities

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S4】

62.

【S7】

63.

【S8】

64.Anearliersurveyidentified22"coping"strategiesthatparen