福建省泉州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)檢英語試題（解析版）

保密★啟用前2023-2024學(xué)年度上學(xué)期泉州市高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測2024.01高一英語(滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生須在試題卷、答題卡規(guī)定的位置填寫自己的準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名?？忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真核對答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名是否一致。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束，考生須將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatprogrammesdoesthewomanprefer?A.Cookingprogrammes. B.Talkshows. C.Sportsprogrammes.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mcrazyaboutcookingprogramsandtalkshows.Iftheyareon,IcouldbeinfrontoftheTVforhours.Whataboutyou?W:Imostlywatchprogramsaboutsports.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchdidtherepairworkcost?A.$1000. B.$500. C.$250.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howmuchdidwepayfortherepairsofthehouse?M:Ihadexpectedittocostusaround500dollars,butIactuallyspenttwiceasmuchonit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthewomanspendherholiday?A.InFrance. B.InChina. C.InSpain.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ian,youwenttoFrancelastweek,didn’tyou?M:Yes,butthatwasabusinesstrip.MyholidaywasthreeweeksinChinaanditwasgreat.W:Howinteresting!Canyoubringinsomephotostomorrow?M:Fine,andyoumustshowmeyourholidayphotosofSpain.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthetextbookabout?A.Schoolnetworkdevelopment.B.Goodonlinebehaviours.C.InfluencesoftheInternet.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M1:I’mreadingatextbookongoodInternetbehaviorslately.ItisbeingusedonsomeschoolsthistermtohelpyoungstudentsusetheInternetinagoodway.M2:ThatmustbeveryusefulsincetheInternetdoesinfluencestudentsquitealot.Canyoulendittomeafteryoufinishit?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydidthemanleavehispreviousjob?A.Tostudyfurther. B.Togetmoreexperience. C.Tofindanewjob.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WelcometoHuawei.We’dlikeyoutotellusaboutyourworkexperience.M:IworkedatMicrosoftfortwoyears.W:Canyoutelluswhyyouleft?M:IleftbecauseIwentbacktostudyandgetmymaster’sdegree.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbours. B.Schoolmates. C.Sisterandbrother.7.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Workatthebookfair.B.Volunteeratthecommunity.C.Dorevisioninthelibrary.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouhaveplannedforthisweekend?W:Ihavetoworkinmycommunity’sbookfair.M:Again?Didn’tyouvolunteeratitatourschoollastyear?W:Yeah,andtheyearbeforethat.Ilovebookfairs.M:Metoo,actually.W:Youshouldstopbyifyou’refreethisweekend.M:ThanksforinvitingmeButIamscheduledtogotolibraryforreviewwithmysister.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatisJohndoingafterworktoday?A.Doingexercise. B.Restingathome. C.Playingvideogames.9.WhatcontributedtoJohn’schangeofhislifestyle?AThehealthcheckupresult.B.Thehighpressurefromwork.C.Thewoman’srecommendation.【答案】8.A9.A【解析】【原文】W:John,whatareyoudoingafterworktoday?M:Iamgoingtogojoggingbytheriverside.W:That’snotliketheJohnIknowwhogoeshomeandplaysvideogames.M:Ineedtochangemylifestyle.W:Whydidyoumakethechange?M:IhadmyannualhealthcheckupthreeweeksagoandIgottheresultslastweek.Ihavetoomuchbodyfat,andhavehighbloodpressure.ThedoctorstronglyrecommendsthatIexerciseatleastthreetimesaweekfor30minutes.W:Thatmakessense.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhathasChrisbeenstrugglingwithrecently?A.Managinghisfeelings. B.Studyingphysics. C.Talkingtoteachers.11.HowdidViviangetthroughherdifficulty?A.Bydoingexerciseseveryday.BBylistingallstepstofindmistakes.C.Byfindinglearningmaterialsonline.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Learningmethods. B.Physicsexams. C.Studyperformances.【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Vivian.W:Hi,Chris.Youlookabitdown.What’sup?M:I’vebeenstrugglingwithphysicslately,especiallywithexamscomingup.I’vebeenimpressedwithyourabilitytolearnphysicssowell.Iadmireyousomuch.W:Well,itwasn’teasyformeeither.Ihadahardtimefollowingtheteacheratfirst.M:Oh?Youtoo?W:Yes.Butluckily,Imanagedtogetthroughit.Atthattime,Ispent15to20minuteseverydayreviewingphysics.WheneverIwasworkingonaproblem,Iwouldwritedownallthestepstocatchmymistakes.M:Thosetipssoundgreat.Thanksforsharing.W:Also,Istronglyrecommendonlinestudygroups.Sometimestheirexplanationscanbeveryhelpful.M:Wow,that’sfantastic!I’llgiveitatry.Thanks,Vivian.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatwillthecitysquarebechangedinto?A.Ashoppingcenter. B.Anentertainmentpark. C.Acitysymbol.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews?A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Relieved.15.Whichdoesthemanvaluemostaboutthesquare?A.Shoppingconvenience.B.Walkingexercise.C.Peacefulenvironment.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthechangewillbring?A.Uglythings. B.Spaceforouting. C.Workingchances.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Cathy.W:Hi,Jonny.Howareyoudoing?Busy?M:No,notatall.I’vebeenkillingtimebywonderingintheshoppingcenter.Oh,bytheway,didyouhearthenews?W:No,whatisit?M:Theyaregoingtoturnthecitysquareintoanentertainmentpark.W:Wonderful.Iamgladthatbiganduglythingwillbegone.M:Really?Inmyopinion,thesquareisbetterthananyentertainmentpark.W:Idon’tseewhy.M:Thesquareisasymbolofourcityandisaniceplacetohaveawalkforeveryone.W:Well,Idon’tknowifthathugeandboringthingcanbeoursymbol,butIknowforsurethecityhastensofparkswhereyoucantakeanicewalk.M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Butdon’tyouthinkthatwewillnolongerhavepeaceandquietoncetheentertainmentparkopens?W:Tome,theentertainmentparkmeansmorejobsandthatcanbenefitourpeople.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whereisthespeaker?A.InChina. B.InAmerica. C.InSpain.18.Whenwillthespeaker’sfamilystartmakingdumplingsonFebruary4th?A.At4p.m. B.At6p.m. C.At8p.m.19.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestTinado?A.Callataxitohishome.B.Enjoythefestivalshowstogether.C.Stayupuntilnextmorning.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethemessage?A.Todiscussaplan. B.Tointroduceafestival. C.Toofferaninvitation.【答案】17.A18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Hi,Tina,thisisJason.IheardthatduringtheChineseSpringFestivalholidayyouwon’tgobacktoyourhometownintheUnitedStatesandwillgotoSpainforsometravelingandthencomebacktoChina.I’mleavingyouthisvoicemessagetoinviteyoutocometoourfamily’sChineseNewYear’sEvedinner,say,onFebruary4th.MymotherandIwillstartmakingdumplingsaround4p.m.andwe’llprobablystarthavingdinnerat6p.m.Ifyou’reinterestedinmakingdumplings,feelfreetojoinusat4p.m.I’mafraidtherewillbeveryfewbusesortaxisrunningtomorrowafternoon.Myfatherishappytopickyouupfromyourplace.Justsendmeyouraddressandtellmewhenyoucancome.Afterdinner,wewillwatchsomeSpringFestivalshowsonTV.Themostinterestingshowstartsataround8p.m.Weusuallystayupverylate,sodon’tworryaboutstayingtoolong.Justletmeknowwhenyouwanttogobacktoyourplace.Lookingforwardtoyourearliestreply.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWeddingsareoneoflife’sbiggestcelebrations,andtheyareobservedinjustabouteverycountryandcultureontheplanet.Herearesomeweddingtraditionsfromaroundtheworld.ScotlandScottishweddingsusuallyfeaturethehandfastingceremony.Duringtheceremony,thebride(新娘)andbridegroomeachholdapieceofcloth.Thesearecarefullywoundaroundthecouple’sjoinedhands.Whentheypulltheirhandsapart,thepiecesbecometiedintoaknot(結(jié))—asymbolofthenewunion.GermanyGuestsataGermanweddinggettoseeaninterestingsight:thenewlymarriedcouple—stilldressedintheirsuitandweddingdress—cuttingalengthofatreeinhalfwithatwo-personsaw(鋸).Inthisway,theyshowtheirabilitytoworkasateamtofaceanychallengetheywillmeetinlife.NorwayANorwegianweddingcakeismadeupofprogressivelysmallerlayersoficedcakerings,whichgivethecaketheshapeofChristmastree.Theinsideisemptyandhasgiftsorevenabottleofwine.Thebrideandgroomliftthetopringofthecake,andthenumberoflayersthatsticktoitissaidtorepresentthenumberofchildrentheywillhave!EnglandBridesinEnglandtypicallywear“somethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,andsomethingblue”fortheirbigday.ThemodernpracticecomesfromatraditionalEnglishsong,andthethingsthemselvesrepresentprotection,cheerfulness,goodluck,andpurity,respectively.Thoughthecustomsmightvary,thefeelingremainsthesame.Acrosstheworld,weddingsaretimestocelebratelove,happiness,andfamily.21.Whyisatwo-personsawusedintheGermanwedding?A.Toentertaintheweddingguests. B.Tomarkthecouple’sunitedefforts.C.Torepresenttheupcomingchallenges. D.Tokeepthecouplefromhurtingeachother.22.Inwhichweddingdobridesweardifferentthingstorepresentdifferentwishes?A.TheScottishwedding. B.TheGermanwedding.C.TheNorwegianwedding. D.TheEnglishwedding.23.Whatdoesthetextshowaboutwedding?A.Rulestofollow. B.Specialcustoms.C.Waystotreatguests. D.Culturalbackgrounds.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了不同國家的一些婚禮傳統(tǒng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Germany”部分的句子“Inthisway,theyshowtheirabilitytoworkasateamtofaceanychallengetheywillmeetinlife.(通過這種方式，他們展示了他們作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)來面對生活中遇到的任何挑戰(zhàn)的能力)”可知，在德國婚禮上使用雙人鋸是為了表明這對新人的共同努力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“England”部分的句子“BridesinEnglandtypicallywear“somethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,andsomethingblue”fortheirbigday.ThemodernpracticecomesfromatraditionalEnglishsong,andthethingsthemselvesrepresentprotection,cheerfulness,goodluck,andpurity,respectively.(在英國，新娘通常會(huì)在婚禮上穿“舊的、新的、借來的和藍(lán)色的東西”。這種現(xiàn)代習(xí)俗來自一首傳統(tǒng)的英國歌曲，這些東西本身分別代表著保護(hù)、快樂、好運(yùn)和純潔)”可知，在英式婚禮上，新娘穿不同的衣服來代表不同的愿望。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“Weddingsareoneoflife’sbiggestcelebrations,andtheyareobservedinjustabouteverycountryandcultureontheplanet.Herearesomeweddingtraditionsfromaroundtheworld.(婚禮是生活中最大的慶祝活動(dòng)之一，幾乎在地球上的每個(gè)國家和文化中都會(huì)舉行婚禮。這里有一些來自世界各地的婚禮傳統(tǒng))”和下文的內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章介紹的是不同國家的一些婚禮傳統(tǒng)。故選B項(xiàng)。BEllenOchoa’slifejourneyoffersanoutstandingexampleofhowinventioncanleadtoadventure.Shefirstworkedasacreativeengineerandwentontobecometheworld’sfirstHispanicfemaleastronaut.OchoagraduatedfromSanDiegoStateUniversityin1980withadegreeinPhysics.Mindfulofhermother’sstressontheimportanceofeducation,sheenteredgraduateschoolatStanfordUniversity.WhenNeilArmstronghadfirstwalkedonthemoon,Ochoawas11yearsold.Itneverwouldhavehitherthenthatshetoomightsomedaybecomeanastronaut.However,in1983,whenOchoawasonthewaytoearningherPhDinElectricalEngineering,SallyRidebecamethefirstfemaleU.S.astronaut.ThisgaveOchoatheencouragementtoaimhigh.Upongraduation,sheappliedtoNASAtobecomeanastronautherself.AtStanford,Ochoaspecializedindesigningoptical(光學(xué))systemsthatstudytheobjectsthatthey“see”.Aftergraduating,shecontinuedthisworkatSandiaNationalLaboratoryinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Sandia’sworkforNASAincludesdevelopingoptical,computerizedrecordingsandmodelsofeventsandphenomena(現(xiàn)象)inspace.Intime,Ochoabecametheco-inventorofthreeopticaldevices.Later,workingatNASA’sAmesResearchCenter,Ochoabranchedoffintodevelopingcomputersystemsdesignedforspaceexploration.Hereshealsomanagedateamof35scientists.Ochoa’sexcellenceinopticsandcomputerhardwarehadcaughtNASA’sattention.In1990,NASAacceptedherintoitsastronauttrainingprogram,andinJuly1991,OchoabecameanofficialU.S.astronaut.Lessthantwoyearslater,OchoaflewasaMissionSpecialistonaDiscoverySpaceShuttleMission.EllenOchoahaswonnumerousawardsforhersuccessasanengineer,anastronaut,andarolemodel–notjustforHispanicorfemaleambitiousscientists,butforanyonewhobelievesthatexcellencewillfinallyfinditsrecognitionandreward.24.WhatinspiredOchoatohaveahigherambitionin1983?A.HergraduationfromSanDiegoStateUniversity.B.Hermother’sstressonfurthereducation.C.NeilArmstrong’slifeexperience.D.SallyRide’sexample.25.WhatdidOchoaco-inventbeforebecominganastronaut?A.Opticalsystemstoseethemoon. B.Computerizedmodelsusedinspace.C.Threeopticaldevices. D.Computersystemsformanagement.26.WhenwasOchoa’sfirstvisittospace?A.In1980. B.In1983. C.In1991. D.In1993.27.WhatcanbelearntthroughOchoa’sexperiences?A.Creativitystartswithanidea.B.Courageisknowingwhatnottofear.C.Followexcellence,andsuccesswillcometoyou.D.Understandyourlimitations,andyoucanremovethem.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述EllenOchoa的生活經(jīng)歷是一個(gè)出色的例子，說明發(fā)明可以引領(lǐng)冒險(xiǎn)。她首先成為一名有創(chuàng)造力的工程師，然后成為世界上第一位西班牙裔女宇航員。EllenOchoa因其在光學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)硬件方面的卓越表現(xiàn)而受到NASA的關(guān)注，并于1990年被接納進(jìn)入宇航員培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。EllenOchoa贏得了許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，成為了工程師、宇航員和榜樣的成功典范。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,in1983,whenOchoawasonthewaytoearningherPhDinElectricalEngineering,SallyRidebecamethefirstfemaleU.S.astronaut.ThisgaveOchoatheencouragementtoaimhigh.Upongraduation,sheappliedtoNASAtobecomeanastronautherself.(然而，1983年，當(dāng)Ochoa在攻讀電氣工程學(xué)位博士時(shí)，薩莉·里德成為第一位美國女字航員。這鼓勵(lì)了EllenOchoa樹立遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)。畢業(yè)后，她向美國國家航空航天局申請成為一名字航員。)”可知，SallyRide例子激勵(lì)了EllenOchoa在1983年有了更高的抱負(fù)，故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Intime,Ochoabecametheco-inventorofthreeopticaldevices.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，Ochoa成為了三種光學(xué)設(shè)備的共同發(fā)明人。)”可知，Ochoa在成為宇航員之前共同發(fā)明了三個(gè)光學(xué)裝置。故選C。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In1990,NASAacceptedherintoitsastronauttrainingprogram,andinJuly1991,OchoabecameanofficialU.S.astronaut.Lessthantwoyearslater,OchoaflewasaMissionSpecialistonaDiscoverySpaceShuttleMission.(1990年，美國國家航空航天局接受她參加宇航員培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，1991年7月，Ochoa成為美國正式宇航員。不到兩年后，Ochoa作為任務(wù)專家參加了發(fā)現(xiàn)號航天飛機(jī)任務(wù)。)”可知，在1993年Ochoa第一次訪問太空。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)最后一段的“EllenOchoahaswonnumerousawardsforhersuccessasanengineer,anastronaut,andarolemodel–notjustforHispanicorfemaleambitiousscientists,butforanyonewhobelievesthatexcellencewillfinallyfinditsrecognitionandreward.(EllenOchoa因其作為工程師、宇航員和榜樣的成功而贏得了無數(shù)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——不僅是西班牙裔或女性雄心勃勃的科學(xué)家，也是任何相信卓越最終會(huì)得到認(rèn)可和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的人。)”可知，Ochoa的經(jīng)歷讓人們知道追求卓越，成功就會(huì)降臨到你身上。故選C。CWhenyou’rebored,whatdoyoudo?Theanswerisano-brainer:youreachforyourphone.Fiveminutesofdoggypicturescanseemliketheperfectbreak.Butanewunpublishedstudyhasbadnews.Reachingforyourphoneislikelytoleaveyoufeelingmorebored.Tofigureouttherelationshipbetweenphonesandboredom,theresearchteamsetupanapponthephonesof83volunteerstokeepaneyeonhowoftentheyusedtheirdevices.Theyalsoaskedthesevolunteerstokeepdetaileddiariesatwork,recordingtheirleveloftirednessandboredom.Theresearchers’firstdiscoverywasnoshocker.We’reonourphonesalot.Phonebreakswereveryfrequent:inthe20minutesfollowingeachquestionnaire,volunteerspickeduptheirphone52percentofthetime,spendinganaverageofaround90secondsoniteachtime.Equallyunsurprisingwasthesecondfinding:themoretiredweare,themorelikelywearetoreachforourphones.Therealkickerwasthefinalfinding.Whilewelooktoourphonestorelieveourtirednessandboredom,screentimeactuallyseemedtoincreasefeelingsofboredom.Theresearchteamthoughtaboutthedifferentreasonswhythismightbeso.Shiftingfromworktoyourphoneandbackagainmayendupbeingmoretiringinmindthanitisstimulating(提神的).Inotherwords,thatbabygoatvideowasnice,butnotworththecosttoyourbrainineffortandconcentration.Besides,pickingupyourphonemightjustserveasareminderofallthefunandinterestingthingsoutthereyoucouldbedoingifyoudidn’thavetofilloutpaperwork.Thisonesmallstudycan’tclearlysayifeitheroftheseexplanationsisright,butthebasictakeawayisprettyclear:Aquicklookatyourphoneisgoingtomakeyourbrainfeelevenmorefried.Ifso,whattodoinstead?28.Whydidtheresearchteamsetupanapponthevolunteers’phones?A.Toensuretheirresttime. B.Toremovetheirboredom.C.Totracktheirphoneusage. D.Torecordtheirtiredness.29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“therealkicker”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Themostunexpected. B.Themostadvanced.C.Themostfrequent. D.Themostrelieving.30.Thebabygoatvideoismentionedinparagraph4toshow________.A.phonescanbetiring B.phonescanbeinspiringC.phonescanfunctionasareminder D.phonescanbenefitourpaperwork31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Whyscreentimeisharmful. B.Howtotakeabetterbreak.C.Recommendedonlineactivities. D.Studiesonphoneaddiction.【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的未發(fā)表的研究表明，在無聊時(shí)看手機(jī)會(huì)讓你感到更無聊?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Tofigureouttherelationshipbetweenphonesandboredom,theresearchteamsetupanapponthephonesof83volunteerstokeepaneyeonhowoftentheyusedtheirdevices.(為了弄清楚手機(jī)和無聊之間的關(guān)系，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在83名志愿者的手機(jī)上安裝了一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，以跟蹤他們使用設(shè)備的頻率)”可知，研究小組在志愿者的手機(jī)上安裝了一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序是為了跟蹤他們的電話使用情況，故選C?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語上文“Theresearchers’firstdiscoverywasnoshocker.We’reonourphonesalot.Equallyunsurprisingwasthesecondfinding:themoretiredweare,themorelikelywearetoreachforourphones.(研究人員的第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)并不令人震驚，我們經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)。同樣不足為奇的是第二個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)：我們越累，我們就越有可能伸手去拿手機(jī)。)”可知，前兩個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)——我們經(jīng)常使用手機(jī)；我們越累，我們就越有可能伸手去拿手機(jī)，這都是很常見的，不足為奇的，根據(jù)劃線短語所在句子“Therealkickerwasthefinalfinding.Whilewelooktoourphonestorelieveourtirednessandboredom,screentimeactuallyseemedtoincreasefeelingsofboredom.(Therealkicker是最終的發(fā)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)我們通過手機(jī)來緩解疲勞和無聊時(shí)，屏幕時(shí)間實(shí)際上似乎增加了無聊感。)”可知，最后一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)與前兩個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)大大不同——當(dāng)我們通過手機(jī)來緩解疲勞和無聊時(shí)，屏幕時(shí)間實(shí)際上似乎增加了無聊感，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是令人驚訝的，出乎意料的，劃線短語Therealkicker與Equallyunsurprising是相對的。由此可知，劃線短語意為“最出乎意料的”，與“Themostunexpected.(最意想不到的。)”一樣，故選A。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Shiftingfromworktoyourphoneandbackagainmayendupbeingmoretiringinmindthanitisstimulating(提神的).Inotherwords,thatbabygoatvideowasnice,butnotworththecosttoyourbrainineffortandconcentration.(從工作轉(zhuǎn)移到手機(jī)上然后再從手機(jī)上轉(zhuǎn)移到工作上可能最終會(huì)讓人感到更累而不是刺激。換句話說，那個(gè)小山羊視頻很不錯(cuò)，但不值得你的大腦付出精力和注意力的代價(jià))”可推知，第四段提到小羊視頻是為了展示玩手機(jī)會(huì)讓人更累，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisonesmallstudycan’tclearlysayifeitheroftheseexplanationsisright,butthebasictakeawayisprettyclear:Aquicklookatyourphoneisgoingtomakeyourbrainfeelevenmorefried.Ifso,whattodoinstead?(這項(xiàng)小型研究無法清楚地表明這兩種解釋是否正確，但基本的結(jié)論非常明確：快速瀏覽手機(jī)會(huì)讓你的大腦感覺更加疲憊。如果是這樣，該怎么辦？)”可知，文章接下來會(huì)講我們應(yīng)該怎么辦，也就是該如何更好地休息，故選B。DForlong,PreiferFallTrail(路線)wasamostpopularattractioninBigSur.Annually,thousandsofpeoplehikedthetrail.Unfortunately,thetrail,alongwithstairs,signs,railings,anobservationstationandwoodenbridges,wasdestroyedinthe2008BasinComplexFire.Butnowanewtrailhasrisenfromtheburnedland.Withitsamazingrockycoastlineandmountains,BigSur,thewriterHenryMilleroncesaid,is“thefaceoftheearthasthecreatorintendedittolook.”Butthelandscapealwayssuffersnaturaldisasters.TherehavebeenthreemajorwildfiresinBigSurinthepastyears.“Youcanstillseetheimpactsthere,”saidJohnHiles,astateparksrepairteamleader,pointingtoblackmarks30feetupahugeredwood.Parksplannersdesignedanewtrack,movingthetrailoutoftherivertoreduceitsimpactontheenvironment.PeoplefromtheCaliforniaprotectiongroup,stateparksdepartmentandthenonprofitorganizationputin66,000hoursofworkoverthepastfouryears.Theybuilt160redwoodstairsanddraggedhundredsof16-foot-longredwoodsticksbyhandtobuildrailings.Theyremoved4,150squarefeetofoldbuildingstuff,enoughtocoverabasketballcourt.Theyusedironcablesandpulleys(纜線和滑輪)tobuilda70-footlongwoodenbridgeoverthehills.“Natureisprobablythebestplacetolearn,”Hilessaid.“Morethananycollegeorschool,youlearnsomanylifelessonsouthere.”However,thehugeSoberanesFiresweptthroughtheareain2016,puttingastoptothework.Whentheybeganagainin2017,greatriverstormsfloodedtheareaanddamagedpartofHighway1.Everybodygatheredaroundthisproject.Theysawtheloss.Theymissedit.Theywantedittocomeback.Theykeptcombiningefforts.It’sbeenalongjourney,butworththewait.32.WhatcanwelearnaboutPreiferFallTrail?A.Itisanattractionrebuiltin2008. B.Itmetwithmanynaturaldisasters.C.Itfeaturesman-madelandscape. D.Itisanadditiontoaprevioustrack.33.Howdidthepeoplereducetheimpactofthetrailontheenvironment?A.Bymovingthetrailoffwatercourse. B.Byusinghugeredwoodsticks.C.Byrecyclingtheoldbuildingstuff. D.Byapplyingironcablesandpulleys.34.Whatcanbestdescribethepeople’swork?A.Limitingandtypical. B.Adventurousbutsmooth.C.Mysteriousandattractive. D.Toughbutrewarding.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofahikingtrail. B.Californiaprotectionprojects.C.Therecoveryofalostattraction. D.Journeysintowilderness.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了PreiferFallTrail因?yàn)樽匀粸?zāi)害被毀，為了恢復(fù)這一景點(diǎn)，人們協(xié)力付出了許多努力?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Unfortunately,thetrail,alongwithstairs,signs,railings,anobservationstationandwoodenbridges,wasdestroyedinthe2008BasinComplexFire.(不幸的是，這條小徑連同樓梯、標(biāo)志、欄桿、觀測站和木橋都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毀)”以及第二段“Butthelandscapealwayssuffersnaturaldisasters.TherehavebeenthreemajorwildfiresinBigSurinthepastyears.(但這里的景觀總是遭受自然災(zāi)害。過去幾年里，大蘇爾發(fā)生了三起重大野火)”可知，PreiferFallTrail遭遇了許多自然災(zāi)害。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Parksplannersdesignedanewtrack,movingthetrailoutoftherivertoreduceitsimpactontheenvironment.(公園規(guī)劃者設(shè)計(jì)了一條新的步道，將步道移出河流，以減少對環(huán)境的影響)”可知，人們通過把小路移出水道，來減少步道對環(huán)境的影響。故選A。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“PeoplefromtheCaliforniaprotectiongroup,stateparksdepartmentandthenonprofitorganizationputin66,000hoursofworkoverthepastfouryears.Theybuilt160redwoodstairsanddraggedhundredsof16-foot-longredwoodsticksbyhandtobuildrailings.Theyremoved4,150squarefeetofoldbuildingstuff,enoughtocoverabasketballcourt.Theyusedironcablesandpulleys(纜線和滑輪)tobuilda70-footlongwoodenbridgeoverthehills.(加州保護(hù)組織、州立公園部門和非營利組織的工作人員在過去四年中投入了6.6萬小時(shí)的工作。他們建造了160層紅木樓梯，并用手拖拽了數(shù)百根16英尺長的紅木棒來建造欄桿。他們拆除了4150平方英尺的舊建筑材料，足以覆蓋一個(gè)籃球場。他們用鐵索和滑輪在山上建造了一座70英尺長的木橋)”以及最后一段“Theykeptcombiningefforts.It’sbeenalongjourney,butworththewait.(他們不斷聯(lián)合努力。這是一個(gè)漫長的旅程，但值得等待)”可推知，人們的工作艱難但值得。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Forlong,PreiferFallTrail(路線)wasamostpopularattractioninBigSur.Annually,thousandsofpeoplehikedthetrail.Unfortunately,thetrail,alongwithstairs,signs,railings,anobservationstationandwoodenbridges,wasdestroyedinthe2008BasinComplexFire.Butnowanewtrailhasrisenfromtheburnedland.(長期以來，PreiferFallTrail是大蘇爾最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)。每年都有成千上萬的人徒步旅行。不幸的是，這條小徑連同樓梯、標(biāo)志、欄桿、觀測站和木橋都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毀。但現(xiàn)在，一條新的道路從被燒毀的土地上出現(xiàn)了)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了PreiferFallTrail因?yàn)樽匀粸?zāi)害被毀，為了恢復(fù)這一景點(diǎn)，人們協(xié)力付出了許多努力?？芍?，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是恢復(fù)失去的景點(diǎn)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CyclingTipsforBeginnersIfyou’renewtocycling-whetheritisagoaltostayhealthyoryoupickeditupbecauseofincreasinggasprices-congratulations!Therearesomanyamazingadventuresinstoreforyou.____36____Ontopofknowingthebasicrulesoftheroad,itcanseemlikethere’sawholesetofunwrittenrulesoutthereaswell.Weroundedupthebestbeginnercyclingtipstohelpyougetrolling.Thesearen’trules.____37____◎Setyourseatheightright.Areyouexperiencingpaininthefrontofyourknee,ordoyoufeellikeyourpedaling(踩動(dòng))isunderpowered?Yourseatmightbetoolow.____38____Mostpeoplefeelmorecomfortableandconfidentiftheirfeetcanreachtheground.Buthavingthewrongheightcouldputyouatriskforinjury.◎____39____Oneofthebiggestsourcesofinjurycomesfromtryingtotakeonfardistancesbeforeyou’reready.Buildupslowly,easein,andgiveyourbodytimetoadapttolongerdistances.Similarly,ifyou’reonatrainingride,don’tstarttoofastandriskburnoutinthesecondhalf.◎Learnhowtorideinagroup.Grouprideshavetheirownstandardsandrulesforareason.____40____Ifit’syourfirsttimeridingwithanewgroup,hangoutintheback,observe,andaskforhelpifyouneedit.Noquestionisastupidquestionwhenyourownsafetyorthesafetyofthegroupisatrisk.A.Avoiddoingtoomuchtoosoon.B.Takeatestridebeforebuyingabike.C.Thisisacommonmistakeamongbeginners.D.It’seasytocauseacrashifyourridingcannotbeexpected.E.Butitdoestakealittlepracticetogetthehangofyourbikes.F.Butwealsounderstandthatcyclingcanbehardtomanageatfirst.G.Theyarejustsuggestionsthat’llmakeridingmoresafeandenjoyable.【答案】36.F37.G38.C39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要給騎車的初學(xué)者提供的一些騎車建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therearesomanyamazingadventuresinstoreforyou.(有那么多奇妙的冒險(xiǎn)在等著你)”以及后文“Ontopofknowingthebasicrulesoftheroad,itcanseemlikethere’sawholesetofunwrittenrulesoutthereaswell.Weroundedupthebestbeginnercyclingtipstohelpyougetrolling.(除了了解基本的道路規(guī)則之外，似乎還有一整套不成文的規(guī)則。我們收集了最好的初學(xué)者騎行技巧來幫助你開始騎行)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出剛開始騎車存在的挑戰(zhàn)，后文介紹騎行技巧。故F選項(xiàng)“但我們也明白，剛開始騎自行車可能很難管理”符合語境，故選F。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weroundedupthebestbeginnercyclingtipstohelpyougetrolling.Thesearen’trules.(我們收集了最好的初學(xué)者騎行技巧來幫助你開始騎行。這些不是規(guī)則)”可知，上文提到給出的技巧并不是規(guī)則，故本句說明這些技巧的本質(zhì)只是建議，來保證騎車安全。故G選項(xiàng)“它們只是建議，將使騎更安全，更愉快”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Areyouexperiencingpaininthefrontofyourknee,ordoyoufeellikeyourpedaling(踩動(dòng))isunderpowered?Yourseatmightbetoolow.(你是否感到膝蓋前部疼痛，或者你是否覺得你的踏板動(dòng)力不足？你的座位可能太低了)”以及后文“Mostpeoplefeelmorecomfortableandconfidentiftheirfeetcanreachtheground.Buthavingthewrongheightcouldputyouatriskforinjury.(如果腳能著地，大多數(shù)人會(huì)覺得更舒服、更自信。但是高度不合適可能會(huì)讓你有受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，座位太低可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致受傷，說明座位太低是錯(cuò)誤的做法。故C選項(xiàng)“這是初學(xué)者常犯的錯(cuò)誤”符合語境，故選C。【39題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“O