2022-2023年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)烏海市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2022-2023年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)烏海市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Thepushforexcellenceispowerfulallthewaythroughtohighereducation.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Tosaveenergyforanunexpectedsituation,yourbodystoresanaccumulationof______.

3.

India'spopulationwillsurgetowardaprojected______in202

4.

AfterrunningaroundtheOlympicstadiumtrackonce,______lightsthecauldron,andtheOlympicGamesofficiallystart.

5.Whichoneisthemostseriouseffectofchronicworkstressaccordingtothepassage?

A.Harassment.B.Violence.C.Heartburden.D.Karoushi.

6.

AccordingtoBobbyPeek,targetingthecompanieswouldbedifficultasitwouldbenear-impossibletoprovethatillnessessufferedwerecausedby______.

7.

Comparedwithwhiteorrefinedstarchyfoods,wholegrainfoodsarericherin______.

8.IceHotelSweden

Sweden'sIceHotel,firstconstructedinthelate1980's,isbuiltfromscratcheveryyear.Anewdesign,newsuites,abrandnewreception—infacteverythinginitiscrispandnew.Everyyearourbuildingtechniquesimproveandoursnow-howincreases.

TheIceHotelissituatedontheshoresoftheTomeRiver,intheoldvillageofJukkasjarviinSwedishLapland.TheincrediblestructureisoneofthebestplacesforanintriguinghotelstayinSweden,andperhapstheworld.10,000tonsofcrystalclearicefromthe"icemanufacturingplant",theTomeRiver,and30,000tonsofpuresnowgenerouslysuppliedbyMotherNatureareneededtobuildtheIceHoteleveryyear.

TheSwedenIceHotelopensforbusinessbeginninginDecember(dependingontheweather)andendsinMarch.

Coveringmorethan30,000squarefeet,theIceHotelfeaturesanIceChapel,thehotelitself,aniceartexhibitionhall,acinemaandlastbutnotleast,theworldfamous"AbsoluteIceBar".

Accommodation

Thehotelsleepsover100guests,andeverybedroomisunique.Thesight,asyouopenthemain,reindeer-skindoors,issimplybreathtaking—agrand,icepillaredhallwayilluminatedbyaspectacularicechandelier(枝形吊燈).

Sincethetemperaturesarewellbelowfreezing(Theindoortemperaturevariesinthevicinityof-4and-9degreescentigrade,dependingonthetemperatureoutsideandtheamountofovernightguests.),ourguestswillinevitablyhaveafewdoubtsbeforetuckingthemselvesintheirsleepingbagsinoneofthestylishicesuites.OurhotelguidewillbehappytoexplaineverythingyouneedtoknowaboutsleepingintheIceHotel.

Youwillbesuppliedwithaspeciallymadesleepingbag(madebyFjallravenwhoknowathingortwoaboutsleepingintheArctic)completewithasleepingbagliner.Inthemorningahotdrinkwillbebroughttoyou,afterwhichyoucanenjoyacozyearlymorningsauna(桑拿)followedbybreakfast.

DoubleRoom

Yousleepinathermalsleepingbag(insulatedbodybagsfirstdevelopedforastronautswalkingonthemoon)onaspecialbedbuiltofsnowandice,coveredwithmattressesandreindeerpelts.Youareawakenedinthemorningwithacupofhotbeverageatyourbedside.Breakfastbuffetandmorningsaunaincluded.

Suite

Uniqueroomsdecoratedwithiceartandsculptures.Eachsuiteisilluminatedbycandlelight.Yousleepinathermalsleepingbagonaspecialbedofsnowandice,coveredwithreindeerskins.Youareawakenedinthemorningwithacupofhotjuiceatyourbedside.Breakfastbuffetandmorningsaunaincluded.Warmouterclothingisincludedintheprice.

Aurora(級(jí)光)HouseCabins

TheAuroraHousecabinshavetwoseparatebedroomsfor3persons,meaningasinglebedandadoublebed.TheroomshaveaceilingskylightforaviewofMidnightSunorNorthernLights.Thereisaloungeareawithrefrigerator,waterboiler,TVandtelephone,bathroomwithshowerandtoilet.Breakfastincluded.

Chalet(坡頂小屋)Cabins

TheChaletcabinshavetwoseparatebedroomsand4bedsintotal,bunk-bedstyle.arrangement.Thereisasittingroom,TVandtelephone,bathroomwithshowerandtoilet.Breakfastincluded.

ConstructionoftheIceHotel

Thebuildingmaterialsarefree(zing)andaredeliveredinabundance,everyyear,attheappropriatetime.Themomentthethermometerhits3degreesbelowfreezing(thetemperaturerequiredbythesnowcannons),thebuildingoftheIceHotelcommences.

Astaggering30,000tonsofsnowissprayedontospeciallymademetalmoulds(vaultedsteelpillars).Oncethesnowissufficientlyhard,themouldsareremovedandusedagaintomakefurthersnowsections.Theentireprocesslast

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

ManyruralregionsinEurope,suchastheGreekvillageofPrastos,areplaguedwithenvironmentalhazardsasmoreandmorefieldslayunattended.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

AccordingtoDr.Weeks,sleephasa(n)______function.

A.time-savingB.energy-savingC.life-savingD.money-saving

11.SoichiroHonda

ThefounderofHonda,SoichiroHondawasamechanicalengineerwithapassionformotorcycleandautomobileracing.Hondastartedhiscompanyin1946bybuildingmotorizedbicycleswithsmall,war-surplusengines.Hondawouldgrowtobecometheworld'sleadingmanufacturerofmotorcyclesandlateroneoftheleadingautomakers.Followingitsfounder'slead,Hondahasalwaysbeenaleaderintechnology,especiallyintheareaofenginedevelopment.

SoichiroHondawasdescribedasamaverick(特立獨(dú)行的人)inanationofconformists.Hemadeitapointtowearloudsuitsandwildlycoloredshirts.Aninventorbynaturewhooftenjoinedtheworkonthefloorsofhisfactoriesandresearchlaboratories,Hondadevelopedenginesthattransformedthemotorcycleintoaworldwidemeansoftransportation.

Bornin1906,HondagrewupinthetownofTenryu,Japan.Theeldestsonofablacksmithwhorepairedbicycles,theyoungSoichirohadonlyanelementaryschooleducationwhen,inhisteens,helefthometoseekhisfortuneinTokyo.Anautorepaircompanyhiredhimin1922,butforayearhewasforcedtoserveasababy-sitterfortheautoshop'sownerandhiswife.Whileemployedattheautoshop,however,Hondabuilthisownracingcarusinganoldaircraftengineandhandmadepartsandparticipatedinracing.Hisracingcareerwasshortlived,however.Hesufferedseriousinjuriesina1936crash.

By1937,Hondahadrecoveredfromhisinjuries.Heestablishedhisowncompany,manufacturingpistonrings,buthefoundthathelackedabasicknowledgeofcasting.Toobtainit,heenrolledinatechnicalhighschool,applyingtheoriesashelearnedthemintheclassroomstohisownfactory.Buthedidnotbothertotakeexaminationsattheschool.Informedthathewouldnotbegraduated,Hondacommentedthatadiplomawas"worthlessthanamovietheaterticket.Aticketguaranteesthatyoucangetintothetheater.Butadiplomadoesn'tguaranteethatyoucanmakealiving."

Honda'sburgeoningcompanymassproducedmetalpropellersduringWWⅡ,replacingwoodenones.AlliedbombingandanearthquakedestroyedmostofhisfactoryandhesoldwhatwaslefttoToyotain1945.

In1946,heestablishedtheHondaTechnicalResearchInstitutetomotorizebicycleswithsmall,war-surplusengines.ThesebikesbecameverypopularinJapan.Theinstitutesoonbeganmakingengines.RenamedHondaMotorin1948,thecompanybeganmanufacturingmotorcycles.BusinessexecutiveTakeoFujisawawashiredtomanagethecompanywhileHondafocusedonengineering.

In1951,HondabroughtouttheDreamTypeEmotorcycle,whichprovedanimmediatesuccessthankstoHonda'sinnovativeoverheadvalvedesign,ThesmallerF-typecub(1952)accountedfor70%ofJapan'smotorcycleproductionbytheendofthatyear.ApublicofferingandsupportfromMitsubishiBankallowedHondatoexpandandbeginexporting.TheversatileC100SuperCub,releasedin1958,becameaninternationalbestseller.

In1959,theAmericanHondaMotorwasfoundedandsoonbeganusingtheslogan,"YoumeetthenicestpeopleonaHonda,"tooffsetthestereotypeofmotorcyclistsduringthatperiod.ThoughthesmallbikesweredismissedbythedominantAmericanandBritishmanufacturersofthetime,theinexpensiveimportsbroughtnewridersintomotorcyclingandchangedtheindustryforeverintheUnitedStates.

Evertheracingenthusiast,Hondabeganenteringhiscompany'smotorcyclesindomesticJapaneseracesduringthe1950s.Inthemid-1950s,Hondadeclaredthathiscompanywouldsomedaywinworldchampionshipevents--adeclarationthatseemedunrealisticatthetime.

InJune1959,theHondaracingteambroughttheirfirstmotorbiketocompeteintheIsleofManTouristTrophyrace,thentheworld'smostpopularmotorcycle

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12.

Oneoftheadvantagesofusinghydrogenasfuelisthatafterbeinguseditonlyproduces______.

13.

Inordertomeet______________,low-incomeshoppersmustconsideralotoffactorswhenselectingfoodproducts.

14.Organicfoodisnotnecessarilybetterthanconventionalfoodintempsofnutrition,safetyortaste.

15.

Fruits,suchaswatermelon,redgrapefruit,andguava,arenowexcitingtheinterestofresearchersbecause______.

16.

Technologicalprogresshaspushedunemploymentratesintheindustrialcountriestosomethinginexcessof95%.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.SpaceTravelintheFuture

Spaceflightmaybeabouttoundergoatransformationfarmoreradicalthananythingplannedbynationalorinternationalspaceagencies.Inthenextfifteenyearsorso,therecouldbeafleetoffiftyspace-planescarryingamillionpeopleintoorbitabouttheEartheachyear,at$10,000perhead.Aprototypeofspaceplanecouldbeupandflyingwithinfiveorsixyears.

Perhapssurprisinglythemainobstaclestorealizingthisdreamareneithertechnicalnorcommercial.Spacetransportationisexpensiveandriskyatpresentbecausealllauncherssofarhaveusedlargethrow-awaycomponentsthatarebasedonballisticmissiletechnology.Butthetechnologyalreadyexistsforaprototypeofafullyreusable,aero-plane-likelauncher,anditsdevelopmentcostsneedonlybeequivalenttoabouttwospaceshuttleflights(about$1,000million).Thecostperprototypespace-planeflightwouldbeabout1percentofthecostinthespaceshuttle.

Coststhatlowwillnotbeachievedwithoutseveralyearsofoperatingexperienceandcontinuousdevelopmenttocreateheatshieldsandrocketmotorsthatmeettheusualairlinerstandardsoflonglifeandlowmaintenancecosts.AccordingtorecentmarketresearchinJapan,morethanamillionpeopleayearwouldbepreparedtopaysuchapriceforabriefvisittoaspacestation.Ifcorrect,thislevelofspacetourismwouldprovidethesortofcommercialincentiveandoperatingexperienceneededtoachieveairlinerstandard.

However,spacepolicyissodominatedbypoliticsthatmorethansoundengineeringandcommercialargumentswillbeneededtotransform.ahigh-costindustryintoalow-costone.Manyaviationengineersin1961,wasasamemberofaspace-planestobefeasibleoverthirtyyeasago.(Myfirstjob,startingin1961,wasasamemberofaspace-planedesignteam.)Theywerenotdevelopedprimarilybecausethemainplayerinthefiled,NASA,becausepreoccupiedwithitspartintheColdWarandlockedintoaballisticmissilemindset.Asaresult,NASAhasnotencouragedstudiesofspace-planesthatcouldbebuiltusingexistingtechnologyandtendstoviewpredictionssuchasthoseoutlinedaboveasfar-fetched.

Howthencanthetransformationbebroughtabout?Fourrecenteventsshouldbetweenthemtriggertherequiredoverthrowofthemindset.ThefirstcomponentshavebeenmanufacturedfortheInternationalSpaceStationandNASA,inconjunctionwiththeSpaceTransportationAssociation,hasbegunthefirstofficialstudytheOrbitalScienceCorporationandtheRockwellInternationalCorporation,fordevelopmentoftheX-34launcher.

TheX-34hasareusablelowerstageandanexpendableupperstage,andisdesignedtoreducethecostoflaunchingsmallsatellites.Unpilotedandlookingratherlikealarge,fatfighteraero-plane,itislaunchedfromaconvertedBoeing747.Havingreleasedtheupperstageataboutonehalfsatellitespeed,therocket-poweredlowerstageglidesbacktobaseandlands.Followinginspection,maintenanceandrefueling,thelowerstagewillbereadyforthenextflightafewdayslater.Thefirstorbitaltestflightisscheduledforjusttwoandahalfyearsfromnow.InApril1995,NASAplacescompetitivestudycon-tractswithLockheed,McDonnellDouglasandRockwellfortheX-33demonstrator,whichistendedtoleadtoanunpilotedsingle-stage-to-orbitlauncher.

Whentheimplicationsofsuchprojectsbecomewidelyappreciated,thecaseforanewandrealisticwayaheadforspacewillbecomeoverwhelming.WhiletheX-34cannotbedescribedasatruespace-plane,sinceithasanexpendableupperstage,ifitissuccessfulitwillprovideunassailableevidenceforthefeasibilityofatruespace-plane.Apilotedtwo-stagespace-planeusingexistingtechnologywillthenbeseenasamongtheall-timebestaerospac

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

EvaluationsrevealthatAmericanyoungstersarenotobsessedwith______andinneedofreassurance.

19.

Itisrecommendedthattheexercisershouldpickupanactivityhe/shelikessothathe/shemay______.

20.

CompelledbyWal-Marttolowertheprice,Lakewoodhadto______,whichcausedmanyworkerstobeunemployed.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(24)

A.Hehasaheadache.

B.Hefailedhishistoryexam.

C.Heistired.

D.Heistoobusy.

22.(25)

A.BecauseheisnotanIndian.

B.Becausehesellshisspirituality.

C.Becausehehasneverwrittenabouthisspirituality.

D.Becausehedoesn'tcareaboutthemarket.

23.(31)

A.Europeanimmigrantsfloodedintothecity.

B.Moreandmorerushedthereforgold.

C.ItbecamearestingplaceforUSsoldiers.

D.TheDarlingHarborredevelopmentprojectboostedtheexpansion.

24.(18)

A.Thelocationofthesessionhasbeenchanged.

B.Shewilldefinitelygotothesessionthisevening.

C.She'llprobablybetootiredtowalktothesession.

D.Thesessionmightbecanceledbecauseofaheavysnow.

25.【B6】

26.(36)

A.Tocombatcompetitionandraiseproductivity.

B.Toprovidethemwithmorejobopportunities.

C.Tohelpthemmaintaintheirlivingstandard.

D.Topreventthemfromholdingasecondjob.

27.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽(tīng)力原文：M:Whichcoatdidyoufinallydecidetobuy?

W:Well,Iwouldhavelikedtobuythegreenone,butitwas$75.00.SoIboughtthebrownoneinsteadandsaved$15.00.

Q:Howmuchdidthewomanpayforthecoat?

(12)

A.$80.B.$60.C.$90.D.$15.

28.(46)

29.(47)

30.(28)

A.Becausenooneknowsyouinanewplace.

B.Youroldfriendsaren'twatchingyou.

C.Youdon'thavethepressureofyourformerco-workers.

D.Alltheabove.

31.(45)

32.聽(tīng)力原文：M：Hithere.(19)Haveyouheardthatthecompanyiscuttingstaff?IjusthopeIwouldn'tbethatunlucky.

W：Ha,don'tbeafraidofthat.Totellyou,actuallyIjusttookvoluntaryredundancyfouryearsago.

M：Ican'timaginethat!Buthowdoyougothroughit?

W：Oh,itisofcoursenotaveryhappyexperiencetogothrough.But,aswemayfindout,sometimesitcanbeablessingindisguise.

M：Idoneedsomeadvicetoturnitintoagoodthing.

W：(19)Myadvicewouldbetoseeitasanopportunitytocreateanewlife.Andifyoureinventyourlife,rememberthatyou'vegottoreeducateyourselfandthatmeansinvestinginyourself.(20)Andoneofthebestwaysistodoalowlypaidorunpaidinternshiportobeanapprentice.

M：Ithoughtyou'dtellmetogoandblowitonacruiseoraholiday.

W：Thatisnotbad.Butgettingsomeexperiencewillhelpyouintoanextkindoflife.

M：Oh,thenwhatwasyourplan?Youhadanythingdifferent?

W：Well,youknow,(21)IhavereceivedsomecompensationandIsawthatanopportunitytogetridofsomedebts,soIpaidoffsomebills.Andthefinancialfreedomthenallowedmetodevelopsomenewskills,findoutwhatIenjoyinlife.thingsthatIamgoodat.

M：Soundssensiblebuthowarethingswithyounow?

W：(22)BasicallyIhavenowdevelopedwhattheycallacareerportfolio.Thatmeansinsteadofbeingabletodojustonejobinlifeyouareabletodomorethanone.

19.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

(23)

A.Howtowinthebattleofstaffcuttinginthecompany.

B.Howtoavoidfailuresinpersonalinvestment.

C.Howtoturnjobredundancyintoanopportunity.

D.Howtogetthroughthetoughtimeoflosingajob.

33.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Atonetime,computerswereexpectedlargelytoremovetheneedforpapercopiesofdocumentsbecausetheycouldbestoredelectronically.Butforallthetextsthatarewritten,storedandsentelectronically,alotofthemarestillendinguponpaper.

ItisdifficulttomeasurethequantityofpaperusedasaresultofuseofInternet-connectedcomputers,althoughjustaboutanyonewhoworksinanofficecantellyouthatwhenemailisintroduced,theprintersstartworkingovertime."Ifeelinmybonesthisrevolutioniscausingmoretreestobecutdown,"saysTedSmithoftheEarthVillageOrganization.

Perhapsbestsignofhowcomputerandinternetusepushesupdemandforpapercomesfromthehigh-techindustryitself,whichseesprintingasoneofitsmostpromisingnewmarkets.SeveralInternetcompanieshavebeensetuptohelpsmallbusinessesprintqualitydocumentsfromacomputer.Earlierthisweek,Hewlett-PackardCo.announcedaplantodevelopnewtechnologiesthatwillenablepeopletoprintevenmoresotheycangetahardcopyofabusinessdocument,amedicalrecordorjustaone-linee-mail,eveniftheyarenowherenearacomputer.Asthecompanyseesit,themoreuseoftheInternetthegreaterdemandforprinters.

Doesallthismeanenvironmentalconcernshavebeenforgotten?Someactivistssuggestpeoplehavebeenledtobelievethatalotofdangerstotheenvironmenthavegoneaway.

"Iguesspeoplebelievethattheproblemistakencareof,becauseofrecycling,"saidKellyQuirke,directoroftheRainforestActionNetworkinSanFrancisco.YetQuirkeishopefulthathigh-techmayalsoprovehelpful.Hesaysprintersthatprintonbothsidesarcgrowinginpopularity.Theactiongrouphasalsofoundacceptablepapermadefrommaterialsotherthanwood,suchasagriculturalwaste.

(27)

A.Theopeningupofnewmarkets.

B.Theprintingofhighqualitycopies.

C.TheincreaseduseoftheInternet.

D.Therapiddevelopmentofsmallbusinesses.

34.(21)

A.Ithas2milliondollarsincapital.

B.Ithas50,000people.

C.ItsproductsaremarketedintheUSonly.

D.ItsproductssellquitewellinChina.

35.(32)

A.Beunabletobreathe,

B.Beovercomebypressure.

C.Becomespeechless.

D.Bescaredbypressure.

36.聽(tīng)力原文：Overthepastdecades,theenvironmentalmovementhasexplodedontothemindsofmainstreamconsumers,afactnotlostonmarketersandadvertisers.Greenadvertisingstartedinthemid-1980swhenissuesoftheenvironmentmuscledtheirwaytotheforefrontofmarketing.Advertiserssawtheconsumerdesireforenvironmentallysafeproductsandtriedtomeetthedemandasquicklyaspossible.Notsurprisingly,thisfirstwavesufferedfromroughandpoorlyconceivedmarketingefforts.Manyadvertisersembracedagenuineconcernfortheenvironment.Butconsumersrealizedthatsomecompaniesmadefalseclaimsandexploitedthemovement,usingsuchambiguoustermsas"environmentallyfriendly"or"green".Consumersgrewwaryofenvironmentalappeals,andadvertisersreactedbyreducingitsemphasis.Toavoidfuturetrouble,manycompanieswaitedforstateandfederalgovernmentstodefinetermsandprovidelegalguidelines,whichpavedtheroadtoasecondwave.In1992theFederalTradeCommissionestablishedguidelinesforgreenmarketing,followedshortlybystategovernments.Californiapassedparticularlystringentlaws,settingdefinitionsfortermslike"ozonefriendly","biodegradable",and"recycled".Ac-cordingtothestate'scourt,"Californiaseekstoguardagainst...potentiallyspeciousclaimsorecologicalpufferyaboutproductswithminimalenvironmentalattributes."Texas,Massachusetts,Minnesota,Tennessee,ConnecticutandWashingtonsoonfollowedtheGoldenState'slead.Therigidregulationhaveleftanumberofadvertisersconfusedandfrustrated,althoughsomefeelthatenvironmentalclaimshavealreadypeakedandareontheirwayout.Somebelievethatwe'venowenteredgreenadvertising'sthirdwave,whereenvironmentalconcern'snowpartofthemainstream.

(33)

A.Theywereexpensive.

B.Noonebelievedthem.

C.Theywereunsuccessful.

D.Theywereoftendeceptive.

37.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Janetinsistsshe'scomingtomygraduation.

M:Butshehastoworkthatweek,doesn’tshe?

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutJanet?

(17)

A.Shewon'tbeabletocome.

B.She'snotgoingtograduate.

C.Shehasaweektodothework.

D.She'llvisithersisterinaweek.

38.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Canyouhelpme?That'smyfirsttimetodoit.

W:It'seasy.Allyoushoulddoistoputthewormonthehook,loosenthelineandcastit.

Q:Whataretheydoing?

(17)

A.Sailingaboat.

B.Catchingaworm.

C.Fishing.

D.Hangingclothes.

39.

【B9】

40.(26)

A.GotoseeCirqueduSoleilintown.

B.Goshopping.

C.Gotomeetthemagician.

D.GotoseeCirqueduSoleilwiththewoman.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhatisthespaceatQuincyMarketnowusedfor?

A.Boston'snewcityhall.

B.Sportsandrecreationalfacilities.

C.Commercialandindustrialwarehouses.

D.Restaurant,offices,andstores.

42.

Whatdoes"...buthasmadeavastnumberofover-35-year-oldsredundant"(Line2,Para.5)refertoaccordingtothepassage?

A.Globalizationhascausedmanywomenwhoareolderthan35yearsoldtolosetheirjobs.

B.Over-35-year-oldworkingwomenarestuckinindustriesthatarenolongerthriving.

C.Thereisagreatneedofover-35-year-oldwomenduetotheprocessofglobalization.

D.Therewasababyboom35yearsagoandtherearemanyover-35-year-oldwomenworking.

43.

TheAkakaBillisintendedtohelpimprove______.

A.theHawaiians'politicalstatus

B.theHawaiians'economicstatus

C.thejudicialsystemoftheHawaiiState

D.theenvironmentalprotectioninHawaii

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thescientificestablishmentisplayingakeyroleinresearchanddevelopmentofgeneticengineeringbiotechnologyandinactivelydefendingtheindustryunderthebannerof"soundscience'and"scientificprogress".Scientificadvicetothegovernmentisheavilybiasedinfavoroftheindustry.LordSainsbury,currentMinisterforScience,wasformerchairmanoftheSainsburyfamily'ssupermarketchain,closelyinvolvedwiththedevelopmentofGEfoods.Anotherprominentscientist,DerekBurke,advisortotheParliamentaryCommitteeonScienceandTechnologyandformerchairoftheAdvisoryCommitteeonNovelFoodProducts,wasakeyparticipant,intheUKGovernment'sTechnologyForesightexercises,andinafollow-upgroupthatdeterminedthepro-biotechfundingpolicyoftheBBSRC.DerekBurkeisanoutspokenandstaunchdefenderoftheindustry.ThepublicarebeinginformeduncriticallybyscientistslikeBurkeandothers,consciouslyorunconsciouslyservingcommercialinterests,andlegitimateconcernsaboutsafetyarecaricaturedasirrationalfeararisingoutofignorance.

Thecredibilityofscienceandscientistshasbeensteadilydiminishingovertheyearsassciencehasbecomemoreandmoreabsorbedintothecommercialsector.Scienceeducationateverylevelisbeingsubvertedtocorporateaims:itschiefpurposeistoprovideskilledbutuncriticalworkersforindustry.TheUKGovernmenthasevenrunacompetitionforsciencestudentsonhowtocommerciallyexploitscientificresearch.Therehasbeennomajoropendebateongeneticengineeringwithinacademicinstitutionsthathasbeenorganizedbytheacademicstaff.Withveryfewexceptions,studentsarenotencouragedtoaskquestionsabouttheethicsorthehazardsofgeneticengineeringoneithersideoftheAtlantic.

Scientificevidenceofactualandpotentialhazards,whichhasbeensteadilybuildingupoverthepasttenyears,isbeingignoredanddismissed.Moreseriously,independentscientistsreportingfindingsdamagingtotheindustryaregaggedandvictimized.WithintheUK,Dr.ArpadPusztai,seniorscientistofthepublicly-fundedRowlettInstitute,andhiscollaboratorswereawardeda1.6millionpoundgranttocarryoutsystematicsafetytestingofGEfood.TheyfoundthattheGEpotatolinestestedweretoxictoyoungrats,andPusztaiinformedthepublicinabriefinterviewwhichwaspartofaTVdocumentary.Afewdayslater,hewasremovedfromhisjob,deniedaccesstohisdata,andforbiddentospeakonthesubject.

Thesuppressionofscientificfindingsisnothingnew;ithasbeenhappeningmoreandmorewithinthepastdecade.Sincethe1970s,scientificfraudhasbeenincreasing,ashastheproportionofpeer-reviewedscientificpapersretracted.Wehavemovedfarawayfromthetraditionalidealsofscienceassciencelosesinnocenceandindependence.

Towardstherolethescientificestablishmentisplayingtheauthor'sattitudeisthatof______.

A.criticismB.approvalC.toleranceD.apprehension

45.

Wasitaheorashe?(Para.2)maybereplacedby______.

A.Whodidit?

B.Whowasthepersonwhowroteit?

C.Didheorshewriteit?

D.Wasitwrittenbyamanorawoman?

46.

WhenAmericansgoabroad,they______.

A.areisolatedbythelocalpeople

B.arenotwellinformedduetothelanguagebarrier

C.tendtogetalongwellwiththenatives

D.needinterpretersinhotelsandrestaurants

47.

Develo