07年高考真題-英語(北京卷)詳細解析

絕密★啟用前2017年普通高等學校全國招生統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語本試卷共16頁，共150分?？荚嚂r長120分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分） 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。例：Whatisthemangoingtoread? A．Anewspaper. B．Amagazine. C．Abook.答案是A。1．Whenwillthefilmstart? A．At5:00. B．At6:00. C．At7:00.2．Whichclubwillthemanjoin? A．Thefilmclub. B．Thetravelclub. C．Thesportsclub.3．Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemountainsyesterday? A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．Whatdoesthemanwanttocutoutofpaper? A．Afish. B．Abird. C．Amonkey.5．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace? A．Inalibrary. B．Atabookstore. C．Inamuseum.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，15分）聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6．Whydoesthewomanmakethecall? A．Tomakeaninvitation. B．Toaskforinformation. C．Todiscussaholidayplan.7．Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayfortheminibus? A．$50. B．$150. C．$350.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatarethetwosperkersmainlytalkingabout? A.Electronicwaste.B.Soilpollution.C.Recylingbenefits.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodowithhercellphoneintheend? A.Throwitaway.B.Keepitathome.C.Sellittoberecycled.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwosperkers? A.Friends.B.Wifeandhusband. C.Businesspartners.11.Wheredoesthewomanworknow? A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant. C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatarethetwosperkersgoingtodo? A.Totakeatrip.B.Tohaveacoffee. C.Toattendameeting.聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13.Whathasbeenimprovedaccordingtothespeaker? A.Thetrainstation. B.Thebusservice.C.Theparkinglot.14.Howdoesthespeakergettoherofficetoday? A.Bybusandonfoot. B.Bytrainandbybus.C.Bytrainandonfoot.15.Whoisthespeaker? A.Areporter. B.Apoliceman. C.Aphotographer.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。Pick-upAppointmentFormItem（物品）A16andsomemagazinesDestinationOverseasto17Delivery?Air□RegularTimetopickup5:0018afternoonPackingAmediumboxCustomer'sinformationMr.Hudson1989Street,Chicago,20Tel:41597861-5CBCBA6-10BBACA11-15CBACA16.dictionary17.Italy18.Monday/Mon.19.Acket/ACKET20.15374第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain,________,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago. A.What’smore B.That’stosay C.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot 答案是D。21.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,______easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf. A.must B.should C.can D.need【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：Samuel，我們班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書。表示能力，用can。22.—Peter,pleasesenduspostcards______we’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem. A.but B.or C.for D.so【答案】D【解析】考查連詞。上半句句意：Peter，請給我們寄明信片，因此我們就會知道你們去哪游覽過。前后因果關系，用so。23.Everyyear,______makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival. A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：每年，任何一個做出最漂亮的風箏的人將會在風箏節(jié)獲獎。_____makesthemostbeautifulkite是主語從句，根據(jù)意思可知答案。24.—______thatcompanytoseehowtheythinkofourproductyesterday?—Yes.Theyarehappywithit. A.DidyoucallB.Haveyoucalled C.Willyoucall D.Wereyoucalling【答案】A【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：你昨天有沒有給那家公司打電話問問他們對我們的產(chǎn)品感覺怎么樣？發(fā)生在過去，用過去式，故選A。25.______birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes. A.Once B.If C.Although D.Because【答案】C26.Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing______shewasheading. A.why B.where C.how D.when【答案】B【解析】考查連詞。句意：Jane漫無目的地走在兩旁栽樹的街道上，不知道她將去往何方，根據(jù)句意可知選B。27.Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline______theirvaluabletime. A.save B.saving C.tosave D.saved【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機牌來節(jié)省時間。動詞不定式表目的，選C。28.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople_______youfigureitout. A.because B.though C.until D.since【答案】C【解析】考查連詞。句意：如果你無法理解某個東西，你可能會研究，學習和他人探討直到你解決為止。根據(jù)句意可知選C。29.Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones_______yet. A.haven’tinvented B.haven’tbeeninvented C.hadn’tinvented D.hadn’tbeeninvented【答案】D【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：在美國20世紀50年代的時候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無線電話還根本沒有發(fā)明出來。根據(jù)句意可知用被動語態(tài)，排除A和C，事情發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關，排除B，故選D。KS5U30.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_________frombutterfliestoelephants. A.ranging B.range C.torange D.ranged【答案】A31.Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions. A.that B.as C.where D.when【答案】A【解析】考查關系詞。句意：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。此句是定語從句，從句缺少賓語，先行詞是problems，用that。32.Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytime_______withhisstudents. A.tospend B.spend C.spending D.spent【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Jim已經(jīng)退休了，但是他依然記得和學生一起度過的快樂時光。句子已經(jīng)有謂語了，邏輯主語time和spend之間是動賓關系，故用過去分詞。33.People______betteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey’relivinglongerasaresult.A.willhave B.have C.had D.hadhad【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：人們有著比過去更好的醫(yī)療保險，因此他們更長壽。與過去對比是現(xiàn)在，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故前面也用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，故選B。34.Ifthenewsafetysystem_______touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened. A.hadbeenput B.wereput C.shouldbeput D.wouldbeput【答案】A35.Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving_______fishingindustry. A.at B.in C.on D.by【答案】B【解析】考查介詞。句意：許多住在海邊上的人都是靠漁業(yè)來謀生的。此處用介詞in。makealivinginfishingindustry“靠漁業(yè)謀生”。第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。HannahTaylorisaschoolgirlfromManitoba,Canada.Oneday,whenshewasfiveyearsold,shewaswalkingwithhermotherindowntownWinnipeg.Theysawaman36outofagarbagecan.Sheaskedhermotherwhyhedidthatandhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungry.Hannahwasvery37.Shecouldn'tunderstandwhysomepeoplehadtolivetheirliveswithoutshelterorenoughfood.Hannahstartedtothinkabouthowshecould38,but,ofcourse,thereisnotalotonefive-year-oldcandotosolve(解決)theproblemofhomelessness.Later,whenHannahattendedschool,shesawanotherhomelessperson.Itwasawoman,39anoldshoppingtrolley（購物車）whichwaspiledwith40.Itseemedthateverythingthewomanownedwasinthem.ThismadeHannahverysad,andevenmore41todosomething.Shehadbeentalkingtohermotheraboutthelivesofhomelesspeople42theyfirstsawthehomelessman.Hermothertoldherthatifshedidsomethingtochangetheproblemthatmadehersad,shewouldn’t43asbad.HannahbegantospeakoutaboutthehomelessnessinManitobaandtheninotherprovinces.Shehopedto44hermessageofhopeandawareness.ShestartedtheLadybugFoudation,anorganizationaimingatgettingridofhomelessness.Shebeganto45“BigBosses”lunches,whereshewouldtrytopersuadelocalbusinessleadersto46tothecause.Shealsoorganizedafundraising(募捐)drivein“LadybugJars”tocollecteveryone`ssparechangeduring“MakeChange”month.Morerecently,thefoundationbegananother47calledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeopledonate$20andwearredscarvesinsupportofCanada`s48andhomeless.ThereisanemergencyshelterinWinnipegcalled“Hannah`sPlace”,somethingthatHannahisvery49of.Hannah`sPlaceisdividedintoseveralareas,providingshelterforpeoplewhenitissocoldthat50outdoorscanmeandeath.InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannahbeganheractivities,shehasreceivedalotof51.Forexample,shereceivedthe2007BRICKAwardrecognizingthe52ofyoungpeopletochangetheworld.But53allthis,Hannahstillhasthe54lifeofaWinnipegschoolgirl,exceptthatshepaysregularvisitstohomelesspeople.Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoaremakinga55intheworld.Youcan,too!36.A.jumping B.eating C.crying D.waving37.A.annoyed B.nervous C.ashamed D.upset38.A.behave B.manage C.help D.work39.A.pushing B.carrying C.buying D.holding40.A.goods B.bottles C.foods D.bags41.A.excited B.determined C.energetic D.grateful42.A.since B.unless C.although D.as43.A.sound B.get C.feel D.look44.A.exchange B.leave C.keep D.spread45.A.sell B.deliver C.host D.pack46.A.contribute B.lead C.apply D.agree47.A.campaign B.trip C.procedure D.trial48.A.elderly B.hungry C.lonely D.sick49.A.aware B.afraid C.proud D.sure50A.going B.sleeping C.traveling D.playing51.A.praises B.invitations C.replies D.appointments52.A.needs B.interests C.dreams D.efforts53.A.for B.through C.besides D.along54.A.healthy B.public C.normal D.tough55.A.choice B.profit C.judgement D.difference【答案】36-40BDCAD 41-45BACDC 46-50AABCB 51-55ADBCD【解析】【語篇解讀】本文講述HannahTaylor通過自己的努力來建立公益組織籌集資金幫助那些無家可歸忍饑挨餓的人。39.考查動詞。A.pushing推；B.carrying 拿；C.buying買；D.holding握。購物車肯定是推著的，故選A。40.考查名詞。A.goods 貨物；B.bottles瓶子；C.foods 食物；D.bags包。車上堆滿了包，選D。41.考查形容詞。A.excited 激動的；B.determined下決心的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.grateful感激的。她更加下定決心做些事幫助這些人，故選B。42.考查連詞。A.since 自從；B.unless除非；C.although盡管；D.as因為。此處是指自從他們第一次看到無家可歸的人，選A。KS5U43.考查動詞。A.sound 聽；B.get獲得；C.feel感覺；D.look看。她就不會和以前一樣感覺那么糟糕了，故選C。44.考查動詞。A.exchange交換；B.leave 離開；C.keep保持；D.spread傳播。她希望她的希望和意識的信息能夠傳播開來。故選D。45.考查動詞。由語境可知她希望信息能夠傳播開來。spread傳播。46.考查動詞。A.contribute 貢獻，捐獻；B.lead領導；C.apply 申請，應用；D.agree同意。她試圖勸說那些領導能為這個事業(yè)做出奉獻，選A。47.48.考查形容詞。A.elderly 年紀大的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.lonely孤獨的；D.sick生病的。此處是指為那些饑餓的人和無家可歸的人，選B。49.考查形容詞。A.aware意識的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud驕傲的；D.sure肯定的。此處是指Hannah非常驕傲的東西，故選C。50.考查動詞。A.going 去；B.sleeping睡； C.traveling旅行；D.playing玩。當天冷到在室外睡覺就意味著死的時候，故選B。51.考查名詞。A.praises贊美；B.invitations邀請；C.replies回復；D.appointments約會。她收到了很多的贊美。因為下文有這方面的舉例，答案為A。第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(發(fā)抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris’seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris’heartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”56.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold.B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.B.Sherecoveredfromshock.C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.58.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A.Enthusiasticandkind.B.Courageousandcalm.C.Cooperativeandgenerous.D.Ambitiousandprofessional.【答案】56B57C58B【解析】【語篇解讀】講述TaylorBisbee通過及時的CPR挽救了一位學生的生命。56.根據(jù)文章第三段Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.可知答案為B。57.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife”可知她被別人通過心臟復蘇救了回來，因此很幸運，選C。58.通過她救Paris這件事可知她很勇敢，很鎮(zhèn)靜，不慌不忙，故選B。BInspiringyoungminds! TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.What’sinside?What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine? Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲學）—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.Soundstoogoodtobetrue? Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear! Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.59.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine? A.Itentertainsyoungparents. B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements. C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions. D.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.60.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders? A.Onlinecourses. B.Articlesonnewtopics. C.Lecturesonabalancedlife. D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.61.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina? A.￡55.B.￡60.C.￡65.D.￡70.62.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget. A.freebirthdaypresents B.fullrefundwithin28days C.membershipoftheTOKNOWclub D.chancestomeettheexpertsinperson【答案】59.D60.B61.D62.BCMeasles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(決定不參加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringKS5Ukindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.63．Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________. A．a(chǎn)smallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend B．theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention C．a(chǎn)nti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons D．informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly64．Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________. A．exemptionsareallowed B．severalvaccinesareusedtogether C．thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin D．newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws65．Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles? A．Theoveruseofvaccine. B．Thelackofmedicalcare. C．Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself. D．Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.66．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage? A．Tointroducetheideaofexemption. B．Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles. C．Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination. D．Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.【答案】63A64C65D66CDHollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪惡)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制論）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干預),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced(中子誘導)nuclearchainreaction.67.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.A.runoutofhumancontrolB.satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC.commandarmiesofkillerrobotsD.workfasterthanamathematician68.Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto.A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedBachievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD.beathumansininternationalchessmatches69.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.A.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB.besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC.keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD.avoidrobots’affectingtheworld70.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D.Itwillstayforadecade.【答案】67A68A69D70C【解析】【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了人工智能。69.根據(jù)第三段usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.可知不要讓他們影響現(xiàn)實世界，故選D。70.根據(jù)最后一段SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.可知作者認為可以解決但是很困難，選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.71Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.72Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加強)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.73Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplain