高考英語閱讀專題訓(xùn)練專題

★專題（9）ANearlyeveryoneisshyinsomeways.Ifshynessismakingyouuncomfortable,itmaybetimeforafewlessonsinself-confidence.Youcanbuildyourconfidencebyfollowingsomesuggestionsfromdoctorsandpsychologists.Makeadecisionnottoholdbackinconversations.Whatyouhavetosayisjustasimportantaswhatotherpeoplesay.Anddon’tturndownpartyinvitationsjustbecauseofyourshyness.Prepareyourselfforbeingwithothersingroups.Makealistofthegoodqualitiesyouhave.Thenmakealistofideas,experiences,andskillsyouwouldliketosharewithotherpeople.Thinkaboutwhatyouwouldliketosayinadvance.Thensayit.Ifyoustartfeelingself-consciousinagroup,takeadeepbreathandfocusyourattentiononotherpeople.Remember,youarenotalone.Otherpeopleareconcernedabouttheimpressiontheyaremaking,too.Nooneevergetsoverbeingshycompletely,butmostpeopledolearntolivewiththeirshyness.Evenentertainersadmitthattheyoftenfeelshy.Theyworkatfightingtheirshyfeelingssothattheycanfacethecamerasandthepublic.Justmakingtheefforttocontrolshynesscanhavemanyrewards.Butperhapsthebestreasontofightshynessistogiveotherpeopleachancetoknowmoreaboutyou.56．Wherewouldthisarticleprobablyappear? A．Inapopularmagazine.B．Onthefrontpageofanewspaper. C．Inasciencetextbook.D．Inanencyclopedia.(百科全書)57．Themainpurposeofthearticleisto. A．explainhowshynessdeveloped B．recommendwaysofdealingwithshyness C．persuadereadersthatshynessisnatural D．provethatshynesscanovercome58．Whichofthesecanyouconcludefromreadingthearticle? A．Shypeopleneverhaveanyfun.B．Entertainerschoosetheirworktofightshyness. C．Theattempttoovercomeshynessisalwayssuccessful. D．Theattempttoovercomeshynessisalwaysworthwhile.59．Whatisthesourceofthesuggestionsforfightingshyness? A．Theauthorofthearticle.B．Shymenandwomen. C．doctorsandpsychologistsD．Popularentertainers.BAsweknow,itisveryimportantthatafirmshouldpayattentiontothetrainingofitsstaffasthereexistmanyweakpointsinitsvariousdepartments.Stafftrainingmusthaveapurpose,whichIdefined(解釋)whenafirmconsidersitstrainingneeds,whichareinturnbasedonjobdescriptionsandjobspecifications.Ajobdescriptionshouldgivedetailsoftheperformancethatisrequiredforaparticularjob,andajobspecificationshouldgiveinformationaboutthebehaviour,knowledgeandskillsthatareexpectedofanemployeewhoworksinit.Whenallofthishasbeencollected,itispossibletomakeatrainingspecification.Thisspecifiesthatthetrainingdepartmentmustteachforthesuccessfulperformanceofthejob,andalsothebestmethodstouseinthetrainingperiod.Therearemanydifferenttrainingmethods,andthereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofallofthem.Successfultrainingperformancesdependonanunderstandingofthedifferencebetweenlearningaboutskillsandtraininginusingthem.Itisfrequentlysaidthatlearningaboutskillstakesplace“offthejob”inclassroom,buttraininginusingtheseskillstakesplace“onthejob,”bymeansofsuchactivitiesaspracticeintheworkshop.It’salwaysdifficulttoevaluatethecostsofatrainingprogramme.Thesuccessofsuchaprogrammedependsnotonlyonthemethodsusedbutalsoonthequalityofthestaffwhodothetraining.Theevaluationofmanagementtrainingismuchmorecomplexthanthat.60．Tobesuccessfulinourtrainingprogramme,wemustunderstandthedifferencebetween.A．a(chǎn)jobdescriptionandajobspecificationB．whatistaught,andhowitistaughtC．thecostsandthequalityoftheprogrammeD．thetrainingcontentsandtraininginusing61．Accordingtopassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue? A．Asthereexistweakpointsindifferentdepartmentsofafirm,thetrainingofitsstaffishighlynecessary. B．Atrainingspecificationisbasedontheinformationcollectedfromajobdescriptionandajobspecification. C．Traininginusingskillsandlearningaboutskillsusuallydonothappenatthesametime. D．It’seasiertoevaluatemanagementtrainingthantoevaluatethetrainingofworkersandtechnicians.62．Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe. A．StafftraininganditsevaluationB．Asuccessfultrainingprogramme C．HowtodescribeandspecifyajobD．Theimportanceoftrainingthestaff63．Fromthepassageweknowthesuccessofatrainingprogrammeliesin. A．thetrainingmethodsandthequalityofthetrainingstaff B．theperformanceofthetraineesintheprogramme C．theplaceswherethetrainingprogrammestakeplace D．thewaytoevaluatethetrainingprogrammeC Fiveyearsago,DavidSmithworeanexpensivesuittoworkeveryday.“Iwasaclothesaddict（有癮的人）”hejokes.“IusedtocarryafreshsuittoworkwithmesoIcouldchangeifmyclothesgotwrinkled.”TodayDavidwearscasualclothes—khakipantsandasportsshirt—totheoffice.Hehardlyeverwearsanecktie.“Iamworkingharderthanever.”Davidsays,“andIneedtofeelcomfortable.” Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualclothestowork.IntheUnitedStates,thechangefromformaltocasualofficewearhasbeengradual.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesallowedtheiremployeestowearcasualclothesonFriday（butonlyonFriday）.Thisbecameknownas“dress-downFriday”or“casualFriday”.“Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforemployeeshasreallybecomeaneverydaything.”saidbusinessconsultantMaislyJones. Whyhavesomanycompaniesstartedallowingtheiremployeestowearcasualclothes?Onereasonisthatit’seasierforacompanytoattractnewemployeesifithasacasualdresscode.”“Alotofyoungpeopledon’twanttodressupforwork,”saystheownerofasoftwarecompany,“soit’shardtohirepeopleifyouhaveaconservative（保守的）dresscode.”Anotherreasonisthatpeopleseemhappierandmoreproductivewhentheyarewearingcomfortableclothes.InastudyconductedbyLeviStraussandCompany,85percentofemployerssaidthattheybelievethatcasualdressimprovesemployeemorale（心境，士氣）.Only4percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasanegativeinfluenceonproductivity.Supportersofcasualofficewearalsoarguethatacasualdresscodehelpsthemsavemoney.“Suitsareexpensive,ifyouhavetowearoneeveryday,”onepersonsaid.“Forthesameamountofmoney,youcanbuyalotmorecasualclothes.”64．DavidSmithreferstohimselfashavingbeen“aclothesaddict,”because. A．heoftenworekhakipantsandasportsshirtB．hecouldn’tstandacleanappearance C．hewantedhisclothestolookneatallthetimeD．hedidn’twanttospendmuchmoneyonclothes65．DavidSmithwearscasualclothesnow,because. A．theymakehimfeelateasewhenworkingB．hecannotaffordtobuyexpensiveclothes C．helookshandsomeincasualclothesD．henolongerworksforanycompany66．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE? A．Manyemployeesdon’tlikeaconservativedresscode. B．Comfortableclothesmakeemployeesmoreproductive. C．Acasualclothescodeiswelcomedbyyoungemployees. D．AlltheemployersintheU.S.areforcasualofficewear.67．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE? A．Companyworkersstartedtodressdownabouttwentyyearsago. B．Dress-downhasbecomeaneverydayphenomenonsincetheearly90s. C．“Dress-downFriday”wasfirstgivenasafavorfromemployers. D．Manyworkerswanttowearcasualclothestoimpresspeople.68．Inthispassage,thefollowingadvantagesofcasualofficeweararementionedEXCEPT.A．savingemployees’moneyB．makingemployeesmoreattractive C．improvingemployees’motivationD．makingemployeeshappierDBUSSERVICENewYorkCity-Brennan,NewJersey（Triptime:30minuteseachway）Timetable●BusesleavetheRailwayStation,NewYork7:00amandeveryhalf-hourthereafter（此后）until111:30pm（7daysaweek）.●BusesleaveBrennanStation20minutesbeforeandaftereveryhourfrom6:20amto10:40（7daysaweek）.●Eveningrushhours（5:00pmto7:00pm）busesleavetheRailwayStation,NewYorkevery15minutes（Monday-Friday）.●Holidays:busesleaveeveryhouronthehourtime,eachdirection. AllticketsmustbeboughtatWindow12,theRailwayStation,NewYork,orattheBrennanStationWindowbeforeboardingbuses.69．WhattimedoesabusleaveNewYorkforBrennanonThursdays? A．10:20am B．6:30am C．6:45am D．4:40am70．WhichisthelatestbusyoushouldtakefromBrennanifyouhavetoarriveattheRailwayStation,NewYorkbefore4:00pmonMonday? A．The3:20pmbusB．The3:00pmbusC．The3:30pmbus D．The3:40pmbus71．WhattimedoesabusleaveBrennanforNewYorkonChristmasDay? A．1:00pm B．9:40pm C．3:15pm D．8:30pmE TwelveEuropeannationswithatotalpopulationof300millionpeoplehavegivenuptheirnationalcurrencies（貨幣）andnowhaveanewcurrency—theeuro. ThedecisiontogiveuptheFrenchfrancorGermandeutschmarkhasnotbeenaneasyone.Bothwereknownasstrongcurrenciesacrosstheworld,soitisnotsurprisingthatBritainwantstohaveitspeoplevoteaboutchangingcurrenciesbeforemakingadecision.Inthe15-memberEuropeanUnion,Britain,DenmarkandSwedenchosenottoadopttheeuro. Thedecisionaboutasinglecurrencywastaken10yearsago.OnJanuary1,1999,11Europeancountriesbegantousetheneweurocurrency:Austria,Belgium,Finland,France,Germany,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,theNetherlands,Portuguese,Spain.Greecebecamethe12thcountrytoadopttheeuroonJanuary1,2022.Itbecametheofficial,singlecurrencyofthesenationsonJanuary1,2022. Atpresent,allpricesin12countriesarevaluedineuro.Each“old”currencystoppedbeingusedcompletelyonFebruary28. Thecoinshaveonesidethesameinall12countries.Theothersideisdifferentineachcountry.Thenoteswilllookthesamethroughouttheeuroarea.Onthenotes,picturesofgatewaysandbridgesrepresentEuropeanopennessandco-operation. Astheeurobecomestheonlycurrencyintheeuro-zone,itssymbolwillbecomeaswell-knownastheUSdollarorCoca-Colasymbols.ButArthurEisenmenger,now86andthedesignerofthesymbol,seemstohavebeenforgotten.Henowlivesinanoldpeople’shomeinGermany. EuropeanCommissionPresident,JacquesSanter,introducedtheeurosymboltotheworldin1997.HesaiditwasasignoftheweightofEuropeancivilization,and“E”forEurope,andthelinescrossingthroughstandfortheeurobeingade