ProfessorDrJinBQDeptofFoodScienceampNutritionNJNU專業(yè)知識(shí)課件

ProfessorDr.JinBQDept.ofFoodScience&NutritionNJNUPeoplesindifferentagesAgeperiodsp180Infants

0-3y

Preschoolchild

3-5ySchoolchild

6-12yJuvenile

13-18yAdult

18-60yElder

>60/65y§4Infantsnutrition&foodsupplementP181-188

1Introduction1.1Atbirth

1thStress,outofmother1thFastgrowingperiod(0-3y)1.2Newborn:IndexesBW:3.3kg(2-4kg/BW)BH:50-55cmChestcycle<HeadcycleSurvivalin0day-2weeks2Phases&growthp181-1822.1BW:6m-old1y-old3y-old

6kg9kg12-15kg2.2BH:60-65cm70-80cm90-100cm2.3Threecircle:Head,Chest,Arm

Chest=HeadChest>Head

Arm

11cmto16cm2.4Organs:Stomach-V:30-50mlto100-200mlTeeth:20,4-10m,6yTable11-43Bodycomposition

suppl.3.1Ratio3.1.1Newborn: H2O Fat % 75 12-153.1.21-yareold: H2O Fat % 60 244Nutritionalrequirementp182-1844.1Property

Highernutr/energydensity4.2Energy3-4timesasadultsFat

&CH2OsameimportantforEsupplyDRIs200kJ/kgBW+GW CH2O=5g/kgBW Fat=4g/kgBW,30-45%inGE Bothsupplyisover2/3inGE4.3Proteinp1833-5timesasadults1.5-3.0g/kg.BW/drequiresmoregoodproteinfromanimalfoods

DRIsbymother’snursing

3-4g/kgBWbysucklingcowmilk 8+1（Histidine)

Lys/1st

1y-old:35g/d;2-3y-old:40g/d4.4Fatp1836m-old:

45-50%inGE1y-old:35-40%inGE2-3y-old:30-35%inGE4.5CarbohydrateCerealCH2OallergydiarrhoeaAmounttobeincreasing4.6Water

120-150ml/kgBW/d

Reasons

EasytodehydratedHelptoexcrete4.7Mineralsp183

Ca:400-600mg/d.p28gatbirthFe:10mg/d.pfor4mrequirementZn:3-5mg/d.pSe:15g/d.pI:40-50g/d.pNaCl>6m-old4.8VitaminsA,D,Bcomp1845Feedingmethodsreasonable

Nursing(Breastmilk)

Formulapowder

Weanlingfoods’supplement

p184-187

中國嬰幼兒膳食指南0~6月齡/2023一純母乳喂養(yǎng):母乳是6個(gè)月齡之內(nèi)嬰兒最理想旳天然食品，非常適合于身體迅速生長發(fā)育,能滿足6個(gè)月齡以內(nèi)嬰兒所需要旳全部液體、能量和營養(yǎng)素。有益于母嬰健康。二產(chǎn)后盡早開奶，初乳營養(yǎng)最佳:對(duì)嬰兒防御感染及初級(jí)免疫系統(tǒng)旳建立十分主要。產(chǎn)后30分鐘即可喂奶，可減輕嬰兒生理性黃疸、生理性體重下降和低血糖旳發(fā)生三盡早抱嬰兒到戶外活動(dòng)或合適補(bǔ)充維生素D：母乳維生素D含量較低四0~6月齡嬰兒及時(shí)補(bǔ)充適量維生素K：母乳中維生素K含量低，為預(yù)防維生素K缺乏旳出血性疾病/新生兒出血癥五不能用純母乳喂養(yǎng)時(shí)，宜首選嬰兒配方食品喂養(yǎng):嬰兒配方食品其營養(yǎng)成份及含量基本接近母乳。1嬰兒配方食品及種類，2人工喂養(yǎng)，3混合喂養(yǎng)，4人工喂養(yǎng)注意事項(xiàng)六定時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)生長發(fā)育情況5.1Nursingdirection

p184-1855.1.1Mothernursing

Colostrumsuckingin30’AImmuno-materialsIgA,IgM,lymphT

Lactoferrin,lysozymeetalBBreastmilkCa&protein7%lactosewithtime5.1.2Emotion&healthM-I5.1.3Nursing/wettingtime4-10mNursingmethodsBreastnursingMixturefeedingArtificialfeedingNursingtime&amount

FreedomSupplement4moldSequenceSimple-complex

Less-moreSupplyingfoods汁液：蔬菜汁、果汁等泥：蛋黃、果泥、菜泥、肉泥、肝泥等羹：蛋羹、魚羹、肉羹、米糊、面糊等粥：菜粥、肉粥、魚粥、肝粥等爛面條：菜面、肉面、魚面等爛飯：菜飯、肉飯、魚飯等Principle先單一、低濃度混合物、較高濃度5-10天起喂葡萄糖水，防止新生兒黃膽6月齡前盡量防止用食鹽4-6月齡起注意補(bǔ)充：Fe,Vit.D&A5.2Infantformulap186-187Principle

designfordifferentages

Adding

whey,AA(Lys),FA,lactose

Movingout

casein,Ca,Na,K,ClApplication

0-6m-oldCP-12%6-12m-oldCP-18%

Albuim:Casein=6/7:4/35.3Weanling

Suppl.Dairymilkcontinuously

2ndstressafterbirthFoodstylechangeLiquidhalfsolidsolidSimplecomplexWeaningtime:4-10moldStandingandwalking

0-1y-old1-3y-oldinfantsp187-188Dairymilk:2-4cups/d3meals+2-3snacksFrui