初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)溫習(xí)九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)溫習(xí)一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概述語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說明主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)共有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的經(jīng)受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一樣說來，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用"被"、"受"、"給"等詞來表示被動(dòng)意義。如：Heopenedthedoor.他掀開了這扇門?！仓鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)〕Thedoorwasopened.這扇門被掀開了?！脖粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)〕二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的組成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由"助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”組成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變只改變be的形式，過去分詞局部不變。疑問式和否定式的轉(zhuǎn)變也如此。3、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)造為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞；其時(shí)態(tài)及句型的轉(zhuǎn)變僅由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成，"be+過去分詞"局部不變。如：Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石頭制造。Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那時(shí)桌子可由石頭制造。〔一樣過去時(shí)〕Cantablesbemadeofstone?桌子能用石頭制造嗎？〔疑問句〕三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖示：一、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟：〔1〕將主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)變成主語(yǔ)：注意：若是主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)是代詞，需將其由賓格變成主格。如：Tomkilledhim.fHewaskilledbyTom.〔2〕將動(dòng)詞改成“be+過去分詞”。注意：Theyheldameetingyesterday.fAmeetingwasheldbythemyesterday.他們昨天開會(huì)了?！?〕將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改成be…放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。注意：若是原主語(yǔ)是代詞，那么應(yīng)由主格變成賓格。Hesangasong.fAsongwassungbyhim.二、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的本卷須知：含有雙賓語(yǔ)，即直接賓語(yǔ)〔常指事物〕和間接賓語(yǔ)〔常指人〕的句子，每一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)都可變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，即其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。Jacktoldusthetruth.杰克告知了咱們真相。WeweretoldthetruthbyJack.Thetruthwastold(to)usbyJack.四．被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)全然用法.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作經(jīng)受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Magazinesandnewspapersinthereading-roommustn'tbetakenaway.閱覽室雜志和報(bào)紙都不能帶走。.不明白或沒有必要指出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，應(yīng)利用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。HewaswoundedmanytimesduringtheAnti--JapaneseWar.他在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間多次負(fù)傷。.當(dāng)說話人需要強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Itissaidthatthetemperaturetomorrowwillbe40℃.據(jù)說明天氣溫將要抵達(dá)攝氏40度。專門記?。哼@一類用法句型還有：Itisbelievedthat...據(jù)信，大伙兒相信Itisknownthat...眾所周知Itissupposedthat...大家認(rèn)為Itissuggestedthat... 據(jù)建議，有人建議Itmustberememberedthat...務(wù)必記住Itistakenforgrantedthat.…被以為理所固然五、各類時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舉例〔以動(dòng)詞do為例〕.一樣此刻時(shí)〔am/is/are+done〕Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的許多人都說英語(yǔ)。Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.學(xué)生們天天都打掃教室。.一樣過去時(shí)(was/were+done)Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那個(gè)男孩打壞了。Hewassavedatlast.他最終獲救了。Mybikewasstolen.我的自行車被偷了。.一樣以后時(shí)與過去以后時(shí)(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一個(gè)演講。Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一條新馬路。.此刻進(jìn)展時(shí)與過去進(jìn)展時(shí)(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天這時(shí)，機(jī)械正在被修理。Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一輛公共汽車。.此刻完成時(shí)(have/hasbeen+done)Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到此刻為止，已經(jīng)種了二百棵樹了。.過去完成時(shí)(hadbeen+done)Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他們說已經(jīng)被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)了。Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.他在歸天前已經(jīng)被疾病折磨很連年了。六、以下動(dòng)詞〔詞組〕沒有被動(dòng)式：一、系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意常見的系動(dòng)詞有：①be動(dòng)詞② 起來〔7個(gè)〕：look/seem/appear,feel(感覺，摸起來)，sound,smell,tastee.g.Sheseems/appearshappy. Itsmellsterrible.③(慢慢)變得/變成：become,grow,get,turn,come,goe.g.Hiswishhascometrue.Peopleoftenwenthungryintheolddays.Thetreeisgrowingtall.④維持：keep,staye.g.Wemustkeepquietinthereadingroom.二、happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,take3、不及物動(dòng)詞sell,wash,read,write,open,close,shut,lock,wear等，經(jīng)常使用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。①、Anaccidentwashappenedyesterday.〔X〕昨天發(fā)生了一路事故。Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.⑹、Theflowersmellssweet.這花聞起來很香。@、Thewatchlooksgood.這表看起來專門好。(4＞、Thisbooksellswell.這本書暢銷。?、Thekindofclothwasheswell.這種布很容易洗。?、Thearticlereadswell.這篇文章讀起來專門好。⑦、Thesupermarketopensat8:00inthemorning.超市在早上八點(diǎn)鐘營(yíng)業(yè)。⑹、Thedoorwon'tclose/shut.這門關(guān)不上。?、Thedoorlockseasily.這門容易鎖。0、Thismaterialwearswell（won’twear）.這種材料耐久〔不耐久〕七．含有雙賓語(yǔ)的句子被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有一些動(dòng)詞如give,buy等，后面常跟兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)；通常直接賓語(yǔ)指物，間接賓語(yǔ)指人；指物或指人的賓語(yǔ)都能夠作為被動(dòng)句子主語(yǔ)。例如：例：①Shegavemeabook.=Shegaveapentobook.flwasgivenabookbyher.fAbookwasgiventomebyher.②MyfatherboughtmeaMP3.二MyfatherboughtaMP3forme.fIwasboughtaMP3bymyfather.fAMP3wasboughtformebymyfather.將這些帶雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞背下來：.動(dòng)詞后加to：give給show給……看send寄bring帶……pass遞給……lend 借給leave留給 hand 交給tell告知return歸還write寫給……throw扔……promise允許refuse拒絕…….動(dòng)詞后加for：pay付錢給……，buy買，sing給……唱歌，make制，做，do做，get取得注意：所有要求不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)而