2021-2022年云南省昆明市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年云南省昆明市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Manycompaniesencouragetheiremployeesto______withIBMoneofthem.

2.

Theonlyproblemthestudentsarefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.PassageOne

ITEMONEFORSALE:OceanKayakFrenzy,BrightYellow,＄300;noaccessories.Theirkayakhasbeenstoredinthegarage,isinterrificshape,cuzhubbybarelyusedit.Visitwww.forspecsanddetails.ThekayakisinCanyonCountry,andI'mwillingtodrive1/2waytodeliver.Thatis,dependingonwhereyouare.Callme,Terry,at661-294-2510(work)ore-mailmeatkyakker@thevine,netformoreinformation.(adexpiresOctober)

ITEMTWOFORSALE:PerceptionPirouette.Excellentcondition,granite(white)color,front&rearflotationbags,onePerceptionSkirt.Verystable,fastandalotoffun.Thisisabeautifulboatandwillfitjustabouteveryone.＄350.00orbestoffer.George714/842-7183orscckayak@(adexpiresSeptember)

ITEMTHREEFORSALE:(2)BRATCHAⅡWINGPaddies.100%carbongraphitebladeandshaft,largesizeblade,Hungariandesign,madeinSo.Africa.Idealforsprintkayak.Oneofthemostpopularpaddlesworldwide.220cm,buteasilydisassembledforadjustment,usedhotgluetoattachbladestoshaft.＄200.00ea.Orbestoften.George714/842-7183orscckayak@(adexpiresOctober)

ITEMFOURFORSALE:CurrentDesignsGulfstreaminexcellentshape,threeyearsoldwithfactorymountedRitchiecompass.Fiberglass,16'10",23.3"wide,Greendeck,52lbs;DerekHutchinsondesigner.＄1800orbestoffer.PhoneLeworCindyWarden,909585-9976;BigBearCA.lew.warden@(adexpiresAugust)

ITEMFIVEFORSALE:derrickHutchinsondesignTOOKSOOKcarbonfiberpaddle,240cmshaft.Thisisasymmetricalpaddleandagreatallaroundpaddle.Thecarbonfiberbladeshavemetalembeddedontheendstopreventdamagefromrocks.TheonlyreasonIamsellingisthatitisalittletoolongandheavyformesincemy(relativelyunsuccessful)shouldersurgery.ContactMikeatembro@orcallmeat818-599-8169(adexpiresJuly)

PassageTwo

ListedbelowaresomeofthekeyeventsoftheAsianeconomiccrisisin1997

July2Thaiofficialsdevaluethebath,theThaicurrency,followingaseveral-weck4ongsell-offbyinternational

currencyspeculators,whobehavedthatitwasovervalued

July18Alterweeksofpressurefromspeculators,currenciesthroughoutAsiabegintoplummet.TheSingapore

dollar,theMalaysianringgitandtheIndonesianrupiahalldeclinesharply

Aug.11TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)coordinatesa＄17billionbailoutpackageofloamstohelp

stabilizeThailand'seconomy

Oct.22TheSouthKoreangovernmentintervenestoaidtheKiaGroup,oneofthecountry'slargestconglomerates

(集團(tuán)).KiaisthefifthSouthKoreanconglomeratein1997eithertodcfaultonloansorseekbankruptcy

protection

Oct.31TheIMFpledgesa＄33billionBailoutpackageforIndonesia;thefollowingdaythegovernmentshuts

down16insolventbanks

Nov.3AfterweeksofintensecriticismofhishandlingofThailand'seconomiccrisis,ThaiPremierChavalit

Yongchaiyudhannounceshisresignation

Nov.19MalaysianPrimeMinisterMahathirbinMohamadsurvivesaconfidencevoteonhisleadership.Thevote

washeldfollowinginternationalcondemnationofremarkshemadecriticizingcurrencyspeculatorsand

&

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

O'Donnellthinksthatthecauseofher22-year-oldson'ssuicideis______.

5.

Only______beallowedtoentertheancientOlympicGames.

6.

Ifachildappearssilentandworded,orhisself-esteemdecreasedsuddenly,heorshemaybe______.

7.

Technologicalprogresshaspushedunemploymentratesintheindustrialcountriestosomethinginexcessof95%.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Theresultsofcensushavealwaysbeenthecompromiseofcertaingroupsofinterest.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Inordertobreakthebadhabitofprocrastination,weshouldadoptthesolutionsprovidedoneafteranotherinsteadof______atonce.

10.

Somesweetfoods,______________________,containchocolate.

11.

Chanplanstosetupaglobalhealthobservatoryto______onpriorityhealthproblems.

12.The"News"inEducation

Educationchangeswithtime.Becauseofthesechanges,thefaceofeducationandaccesstoeducationaredifferenttoday.Themostobviouschangeisthattherearedifferentthingstoteach.16fact,thereismuchmoretoteach.Learningandresearchhaveincreasedgreatlyinthepastcentury,greatadvancesinsciencemeanthatthereismuchmore,informationtoteach.Someoftheideasofthepastwerewrong,sothecontentofbooksisdifferent.Forexample,inabeginningbiologyclasstoday,morethan70%oftheinformationthatstudentslearntodaywasnotknowntwentyyearsago.That'sanimportantreasonforchange!Asscientistslearnmore,therewillbemoreforstudentstolearn.

Anotherreasonforchangesineducationisthattherearenewteachingtools.Forcenturies,schoolshadnobooks.Theteachersgavebylessonsexplainingideastostudents.Todayteachersandstudentsusebooks,includinge-books.Theyalsousetechnology.Forexample,manyofthemusecomputers,video,andon-linecommunication.Thereareevenelectronicclassrooms.Throughinteractiveinstructionaltelevisionnetworks(IITV),ateachercanteachstudentsindifferentplaces.TheirIITVclassroomsuseradiosignalsorsatellitecommunicationtocarrythecommunicationfromtowertotower.

TherearedifferencesbetweenthetraditionalclassroomandtheIITVclassroom,ofcourse.However,mostofthesedifferencesareeasytoovercome.Perhapsonestudentwantstohaveaprivateconversationwiththeteacher.IfteacherandstudenttalkontheIITVnetwork,thereisnoprivacy.Everyoneelseintheclasscanhearwhattheysay.Therefore,theirconversation,musthappenovertelephonelinesorthroughelectronicmail(e-mail).

Noonereallyknowshowthischangeinstudents'abilitytotalkprivatelywithateacherchangestheeducationalexperience.Somestudentsdecidenottotalktotheteacherbecauseitcannothappennaturallyafterclass.Shecouldsendane-mailmessageordecidenottobothertheteacher.Thislackofpersonalcontactwiththeteacherisjustonepotentialproblem.Anotheristhatthestudentsindifferentclassroomplacescannotspeakwithoneanotheraseasily.Onesolutiontothisdrawbackistheclasschatroom.Tofacilitatestudents'conversationaboutatopic,theteachercansetupanInternetchatroomorabulletinboard.Anumberofgeneraltopicsareposted,andthestudentscanwriteintheirthoughtsonthetopic.Somestudentsareshyofusingthesekindsofcommunicationtools.Perhapstheydon'thaveaccesstotheequipment,ormaybetheydon'tknowhowtogettoachatroomontheInternet.Communicationamongstudentsispossible,butittakesplacethroughamediumthatisdifferentfromvoicesinaclassroom.

Ontheotherhand,therearegreatadvantagestoteachingthroughIITV.Greatnumbersofstudentscan"attend"theclass.Educationisnotlimitedtothosewhoarenearauniversity.Anotheradvantageistheabilitytoshowthingstostudents.EveryIITVclassroomhasapadcamTM.Thisspecialcamerafocusesonanypicture,bookpage,orobjectthattheteacherwantsthestudentstosee.Thecamerafocusesonarectangle--thepad.Ateachercanputapicture,forexample,onthepadofthepadcamTM.Thepadcamhasazoomlens.Therefore,theteachercanfocusontinythingsinthepictureandmakethemmuchbiggerthanlife.ArthistoryteachersandanthropologistslovethepadcamTM.Theyuseittomaketheirlessonsmoreinteresting.Theycanshowdetailswithease.

ComputerprogramssuchasPowerPointconnecteasilytotheelectronicequipmentininteractivetelevision.Therefore,thepresentationofideascanhappenquitewell.Theteachercanputthemainideasonthescreen,sothestudentsknowwhatthemainideasofthelessonare.Anotheradvantageistheabilitytoi

A.YB.NC.NG

13.Inthepast,theglobalaveragetemperaturemayhavebeen27℃.

14.

Dr.PeterDiotbelievesthatitmaybeeffectivetouseARVsto______.

15.

IftheestimatesoftheU.S.EnergyInformationAdministrationaboutoilreserveinthedesertsinwesternIraqaretrue,thedepositofoilinIraqwillamountto______.

16.InstantExpert:MentalHealth

Whentheheartbreaksdown,itbeatsirregularlyornotatall.Abonecanchiporsnap.Butwhenthecomplexnetworkofneuronsinourbrainfailstofunctionnormally,theresultcanbeanear-endlessvarietyandcombinationsofmentalillnesses.

It'snormaltosometimesbesad,happy,anxious,confused,forgetfulorfearful,butwhenaperson'semotions,thoughtsorbehavior.frequentlytroublethem,ordisrupttheirlives,theymaybesufferingfrommentalillness.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),about450millionpeopleworldwideareaffectedbymental,neurologicalorbehavioralproblemsatanytime.

However,determiningthatsomeonehasamentalillness,andwhichone,isoneofthechallengespsychiatristsface.Oneefforttocataloguetheseafflictionsisthe"psychiatrists'bible",theDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders--thelatesteditionfillsnearlyonethousandpagesandlistsover400disorders.

Diversityofdisorders

Amongthebestknownandmostcommonmentalillnessesisdepression-aprolonged,weakeningsad-ness,sometimesaccompaniedbyafeelingofhopelessnessandthoughtsofsuicide.Seasonalaffectivedisorderisatypeofdepressionthataffectssomepeopleintheautumnandwinterandistriggeredbythedisappearinghoursofdaylightandcoldertemperatures.Inbipolardisorder(雙極性障礙),apersonchangesfromdepressiontoepisodesofexcessiveenthusiasmwheretheyareunrealisticallyconfidentintheirabilities.

Personalitydisordersarebehavior.patternsthataredestructivetothepersonthemselvesorthosearoundthem.Indissociativedisorders,someoneexperiencesasuddenchangeinconsciousnessortheirconceptofself.Indissociativeamnesia,forexample,theresultisalossofpartoralloftheirmemories.Samson,theBiblicalstrongman,mayhavesufferedfromtheearliestrecordedcaseofantisocialpersonalitydisorder.

Anxietydisordersarecharacterizedbypowerfulfeelingsofstressandphysicalsignsoffear-sweating,aracingheart-duetosomecueintheenvironment,orfornoobviousreasonatall.Theseincludepost-traumatic(創(chuàng)傷后的)stressdisorder,panicdisorder,obsessivecompulsivedisorder,angerdisorders,hypochondria,socialphobia,andotherphobiasincludingagoraphobia(openspaces),claustrophobia(smallspaces),acrophobia(heights),andarachnophobia(spiders).

Attention-deficithyperactivitydisorderisamongthemostcommonmentalillnessesdiagnosedinchildren,affectingtheirabilitytofocusandassociatedwithhighlevelsofactivityandimpulsiveness.

Eatingdisordersinvolveanunhealthyrelationshiptofood.Asuffererofanorexianervosa(神經(jīng)性厭食癥)willstriveforthinnesstothepointofstarvation,duetoadistortedperceptionoftheirbodiesanddissatisfactionintheirsenseofcontrol.Theyengageincyclesofgorging(feedgreedily)themselvesandthenpurgingthroughvomitingortheuseofsomedrugs.Muscledysmorphiaissometimesthoughtofasa"reverse"form.ofanorexiathataffectsbodybuilders.Sufferersconstantlyworrythattheyaretooweakdespitebeingextremelystrong.

Enormouscost

Mentalillnessesarequitecommon.Asmanyasoneinfivepeoplearethoughttosufferfrommentalillness,atleasttemporarily,eachyear.Suicide--oftentheresultofuntreatedmentalillness--claims873000livesaroundtheworldeachyear.Theeconomiccostsoftheseconditionsarealsoenormousandgrowing.AccordingtotheWHO,depressionisexpectedtoaccountformorelostyearsofhealthylifethananyotherdiseaseby2030,exceptforHIV/AIDS.

Evenso,thementallyillfacedisgraceanddiscrimination.Studiesfindpeoplearereluctanttoadmittheyhaveatmentalillness,toseekhelp,ortostickwithtreatment.Othersareeagertorejectthelabelofamental

A.irregularityofheart

B.snappedbones

C.themalfunctionoftheneuralnetworkinbrain

D.themalfunctionofthebrain

17.

MarkHaywardshadshown______fromhisearlyteensbuthiscounselorshadfailedtowarnhisparentsaboutit.

18.

Thispassagediscussessomeofthe______wehaveinstoreforus.

19.

Whatdoyouknowabout“powerwalking”fromthepassage?

A.Itisakindwalkingpeopledointhepark.

B.Itmayburnmorecaloriesthanrunning.

C.Peoplewalkveryfasttobreakintoarun.

D.Thiskindofwalkingsetsapaceforrunning.

20.

Dihydrogenmonoxidecanacceleratecorrosionandrusting,andcauseseverburnsandevendeathfrominhalation.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Hey,Neal,nowthatthemidtermsareover,abunchofusaregettingawayfortheweekendtogocanoeing?

M:Well,uhm,it'dbegreattogetaway,butI'veneverdoneitbefore.

W:Noneoftheothershaveeitherexceptforme.Iwentoncelastfall.Butthere'llbeaninstructorineachcanoethefirstday.

M:Idon'tknow.

W:Oh,comeon.Thisisourlastchancetotakeabreakbeforefinals.Thesceneryisbeautiful,andifitgetstoohotwecandiveinwheneverwefeellikeit.Theriver'sreallycalmthistimeoftheyear,norapidstodealwith.

M:That'sarelief.WhatwouldIhavetobring?

W:Let'ssee.Tom'sbringingfoodfortheFridaynightcookoutforeveryone.AndthepeoplewhorunthetriphavetentssetupandtheysupplyfoodanddrinksforalldaySaturday.OnthewaybackSundaymorningwe'llstopsomewhereforbreakfast.So,youhavetobringabathingsuitandasleepingbag.

M:Well,Idolovecampingandsleepingout.Whereisthisplace?

W:Well,it'saboutanhourandahalftotheplacewherewemeetthetripleaders.Weleaveourcarthereandtheydriveusandthencanoesuprivertotheplacewherewestartcanoeing.

M:Andwho'sdrivingustothemeetingplace?

W:Well,Iwashopingwecouldtakeyourcar.Mine'sintheshopagain.

M:Oh,Isee.It'snotmeyouwant,it'smycar.

W:Don'tbesilly.Sowhatwouldyousay?

M:Oh,whynot!

W:Great!I'llgiveyouacallwhenIfindoutwheneveryonewantstoleaveonFriday.

(20)

A.Toconvincehimtogoonacanoetrip.

B.Toinvitehimtoacookout.

C.Toaskifshecanborrowhiscar.

D.Totellhimaboutatripshetook.

22.(29)

A.Childrenwillmovemoreandconsumemoreenergyiftheydon'twatchTV.

B.ChildrenwillspendmoretimestudyingiftheyarenotallowedtowatchTV.

C.Childrenwilleatmorefoodtotheirtasteiftheyhavespecialdiets.

D.Childrenwillbeindulgedinvideogamesifparentsdon'tsupervisethem.

23.(40)

24.

【B11】

25.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Goodnews.Iamnotgoingtoneedsurgeryafterall.ThedoctorsaysIcanstartworkingoutagainsoon.Andmaybeplaysocceragaininafewweeks.

W:That'ssogreat.Itwouldbeniceifyoucouldgetbackinshapeintimeforthestatetournament.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Thetournamentbeginsnextweek.

B.Shehopesthemanwillbeabletoplayinthetournament.

C.Shewantsthemantoattendthetournamentwithher.

D.Themanshouldcheckwithhisdoctoragain.

26.聽(tīng)力原文：IfyouareinanymajorcityinAmerica,thechancesarehighthatyouarenotfarfromaStarbucks.ThecompanystartedintheWestCoastcityofSeattle,Washington,in1971.StarbuckswasnamedafteracharacterinthefamousAmericannovel"Moby-Dick"byHermanMelville.Today,therearemorethantwelvethousandStarbucksaroundtheworld.

Saleslastyearwerealmosteightbilliondollars.Thecompanybelievesinopeningmanystoresinbusyareasofcities.Forexample,thereareaboutthirtyStarbucksstoresindowntownSeattle.Starbuckssellsmorethanjustplaincoffee.Itstartedawholecoffeeculturewithitsownspeciallanguageandcoffeeworkerscalledbaristas.Itsellsmanykindsofhotandcoldcoffeedrinks,likeWhiteChocolateMochaandFrappuccino.Italsosellsmusicalbums,coffeemakers,food,andevenbooks.Butmostofall,itsellstheideaofbeingawarmandfriendlyplaceforpeopletosit,readortalk.

However,somepeopledonotlikethecompany'saggressiveexpansion.FaithLapidus,asmallcoffeesell-eristakingthecompanytocourt.Shesaysthewaythecompanydoesbusinessisillegalbecauseitstopspropertyownersfromleasingstorestoothercoffeecompanies.SheseesStarbucksascontrollingthemarketandforcingoutcompetition.

NicolasO'ConnellworksforLaColombe,acoffeeroastingcompanybasedinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.HesaysStarbuckshashelpedtoeducatepeopleaboutcoffeefrommanycountries.Buthecriticizesthecompanyforusingmachinesmorethanpeopletomakethecoffee.Mr.O'Connellpointsoutthatthecoffeecultureisallaboutahand-madeproductandinteractionbetweenpeople.

(30)

A.Agreatcharacterinhistory.

B.Atheatricalroleinaplay.

C.Aspecialsymbolinlife.

D.Animaginarypersoninafiction.

27.(21)

A.Thestreetsign.

B.Tilepedestrian.

C.Thewall.

D.Thepoleintheroad.

28.(25)

A.Itisquitegeneral.

B.Mostoftheinformationheneedswillbefoundinnewspapers.

C.Shethinksheshouldchangeit.

D.Itshouldtakeaveryshorttimetofindmaterialonit.

29.(34)

A.Southernmanuscriptsandletters.

B.SignaturesoffamousAmericans.

C.Someoldbooks.

D.Originalproducts.

30.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Theaveragepersonlearnsmostofthe30,000-40,000wordswhosemeaningswerecognizebyhearingthemorgettingfamiliarwiththeminthecontextwithoutconsciouseffort.[26]Thebestwaytobuildagoodvocabulary,therefore,istoreadagreatdealandtoparticipateinalotofgoodconversations.Therearerelativelyfewwordsthatwelearnpermanentlybypurposefullyreferringtodictionariesorkeepingwordlists.Herearesomesuggestionsofhowtodoit.

Readplentyofgoodbooks.[27]Whenyoucomeacrossanewwordoranewmeaningofanoldword,stopandseeifyoucanunderstanditfromitscontext.Ifyoucan't,andifyoucanmanagewithoutinterruptingthethoughtofthebooktoomuch,lookitupinadictionaryorasksomebodyandthenrepeatitsmeaningtoyourselfacoupleoftimes.Ifyouarereallyconscientious,writethewordanditsmeaninginapersonalvocabularylist.Gooverthelistfromtimetotime.Further,trytousethenewwordinwritingorconversationafewtimesoverthenextseveraldays.

[28]Listentogoodconversationsandbealerttonewwordsyouhearortonewmeaningsofwordsyouhavealreadyknown.Thentreatthemjustasyoutreatthenewwordsyouread.

Learnandbealerttothepartsofwords:prefixes,suffixesandroots.Knowingthemenablesyoutomakeintelligentguessesaboutthemeaningsofwords.

(27)

A.Torecitealotofwonderfulreadingmaterials.

B.Tocombineprefixes,suffixesandrootsfreely.

C.Totakepartinalotofgoodtalks.

D.Tomakeasmanywordlistsaspossible.

31.【B9】

32.聽(tīng)力原文：Isitpossibletopersuademankindtolivewithoutwar?Warisanancientinstitutionwhichhasexistedforatleastsixthousandyears.Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepastthehumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Modemingenuityhaschangedthis.EitherManwillabolishwar,orwarwillabolishMan.Forthepresent,itisnuclearweaponsthatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalorchemicalweaponsmay,beforelong,offeranevengreaterthreat.Ifwesucceedinabolishingnuclearweapons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwillneverbedoneuntilwehavesucceededinabolishingwar.Therearethosewhosaythattheadoptionofthisorthatideologywouldpreventwar.Ibelievethistobeabigerror.Allideologiesarebasedupondogmaticstatementswhichare,atbest,doubtful,andatworst,totallyfalse.Theiradherentsbelieveinthemsofanaticallythattheyarewillingtogotowarinsupportofthem.Topreventwar,weneedtopersuademankindtolookuponinternationalquestionsinanewway.Itisnoteasytochangeveryoldmentalhabits,butthisiswhatmustbeattemptedforthesurvivalofhumanbeings.

(33)

A.Worsethaninthepast.

B.Asbadasinthepast.

C.Notsodangerousasinthepast.

D.Asnecessaryasinthepast.

33.

【B10】

34.(28)

A.Ithasbecomeaclumsygiant.

B.Thecityhassufferedfromlung-timefamine.

C.Therewasanepidemicdiseasethattime.

D.Ithasbeensetonfire.

35.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Icameassoonasyoucalled.Isthereaproblem?

W:Yes,Mr.Chu.Youmustbegingettingtotheofficeontime,orwewillnolongerneedyourservicehere.

Q:WhathappenedtoMr.Chu?

(13)

A.Hewasfiredfromhisjob.

B.Hewaswarnedaboutbeingmorepunctualfromnowon.

C.Themanagementcuthisworkinghours.

D.Hewaspromoted.

36.

【B6】

37.(24)

A.Tosuggestchangesinthetuitionfees.

B.Toimprovethestudyskillsofuniversitystudents.

C.Togivepeopletheopportunitytospeakwithapolitioian.

D.Todiscussgraduationrequirementsforpoliticalsciencemajors.

38.【B4】

39.聽(tīng)力原文：M:DidyouwatchthatcomedyspecialonTVlastnight?Idon'tthinkIeverlaughedsohard.

W:Don'teventalktomeaboutit.TheonlynightIreallywantedtowatchsomethingandwehadapowerfailinmybuilding.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Sheenjoysthecomedy.

B.Shelaughsatthecomedy.

C.Shedidn'twatchthecomedy.

D.Shereallywantstowatchthecomedy.

40.

【B7】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Wherecanweseeeconomiesinwhichwomendoallthehardworkwhilemensitaroundenjoyingthemselves?

42.

Thankstothe______Americaoffersforagriculture,differentstateshavetheirdifferentspecialfarmingproducts.

43.Aftereightyears'study,researchersfoundthatcomparedwithsinglewomen,marriedwomenseemto______.

44.Itisnotoriousthatfactsarecompatiblewithoppositeemotionalcomments,sincethesamefactwillinspireentirelydifferentfeelingsindifferentpersons,andatdifferenttimesinthesameperson;andthereisnorationallydeducible(可推論的)connectionbetweenanyouterfactandthesentimentsitmayhappentoprovoke.Thesehavetheirsourceinanothersphereofexistencealtogether,intheanimalandspiritualregionofthesubject'sbeing.Conceiveyourself,ifpossibly,suddenlystrippedofalltheemotionwithwhichyourworldnowinspiresyou,andtrytoimagineitasitexists,purelybyitself,withoutyourfavorableorunfavorable,hopefulorapprehensivecomment.Ftwillbealmostimpossibleforyoutorealizesuchaconditionofnegativityanddeadness.Nooneportionoftheuniversewouldthenhaveimportancebeyondanother;andthewholecollectionofitsthingsandseriesofitseventswouldbewithoutsignificance,character,expression,orperspective.Whateverofvalue,interest,ormeaningourrespectiveworldsmayal3pearendowedwitharethuspuregiftsofthespectator'smind.Thepassionofloveisthemostfamiliarandextremeexampleofthisfact.Ifitcomes,itcomes;ifitdoesnotcome,noprocessofreasoningcanforceit.YetittransformsthevalueofthecreaturelovedasutterlyasthesunrisetransformsMontBlancfromacorpse-likegraytoarosyenchantment;anditsetsthewholeworldtoanewtunefortheloverandgivesanewissuetohislife.Sowithfear,withindignation,jealousy,ambition,worship.Iftheyarethere,lifechanges.Andwhethertheyshallbethereornotdependsalmostalwaysuponnon-logical,oftenonorganicconditions.Andastheexcitedinterestwhichthesepassionsputintotheworldisourgifttotheworld,justsoarethepassionsthemselvesgifts;—giftstous,fromsourcessometimeslowandsometimeshigh;butalmostalwaysnon-logicalandbeyondourcontrol.Gifts,eitherofthefleshorofthespirit;andthespiritblowswhereitlists,andtheworld'smaterialslendtheirsurfacepassivelytoallthegiftsalike,asthestage-settingreceivesindifferentlywhateveralternatingcoloredlightsmaybesheduponitfromtheopticalapparatusinthegallery.

Meanwhilethepracticallyrealworldforeachoneofus,theeffectiveworldoftheindividual,isthecompoundworld,thephysicalfactsandemotionalvaluesinindistinguishablecombination.Withdraworpervert(使錯(cuò)亂)eitherfactorofthiscomplexresultant,andthekindofexperiencewecallpathologicalensues.

Thispassagemainlydiscusses______.

A.thedualnatureoftheworldinwhichwehumanslive

B.theeffectofstrongemotions

C.emotionandreality'

D.emotionsandpassions—giftsofthespectator'smind

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Itiscurioushowmuchonedespisesandcondemnstheviceswhichonedoesnothappentopossess.Iamindeednotasevereman,norwouldIpermitmyselftobecomeintolerantofthosefailingswhichIsharewithothers.But,havingnoparticulartemptationtobeuntruthful,Ifindmyselfbelievingthatwhenonecomestothinkofit,truthisthemajorvirtueandlyingthemostblameworthyofallthevices.Ishouldlike,therefore,togetmymindalittlecleareronthetruthquestion.Iflattermyself,asIhavesaid,thatIamatruthfulman:amanwho,whenhetellsalie,iscarefulnottoforgetthathehasdoneso,andwhotakesinfiniteprecautionstopreventhisbeingfoundout.This,intheend,istheonlytestbywhichyoucandistinguishtheliarfromthemanoftruth.Thelatterwhoisbotheredbyuntruthfulness,isworriedandanxious.Therealliar,however,ismerelyamused:hedoesn'tmindintheleastevenifheissubsequentlyexposed:heregardsthetruthfulmanassomewhatofafool.

Butthissurelyisoneofthemanyfalsestatementswithwhichtherealliarwilltryhardtoidealizehisfailing.Itmaybeinevitableandevenjusttotelllies,butitcannotseriouslybearguedthatsuchhabitsareintelligent.Alieisalwaysanactofmentalcowardice(膽小),whereasintelligenceisbrave.And